KR20090056112A - Apparatus for measuring velocity and angle of rotator using hole device - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for measuring velocity and angle of a rotator using a hole device are provided to secure stable start of permanent magnetic motor by obtaining initial start torque. Hall sensors(110, 120, 130) are joined to the stator of the electric motor by a phase difference of 120 degrees. A digital filter(200) removes a noise of output signals of hall sensors, and a phase lag circuit(210) delays the output signal of the digital filter. A forward reverse signal generator(320) generates a forward or a backward signal, and an edge circuit(400) detects the edge of the phase delay signal. The virtual z-phase signal detection unit(500) detects the virtual z-phase signal, and the virtual z phase pulse generating section(510) generates a pulse train of the virtual z phase signal.

Description

Apparatus For Measuring Velocity And Angle Of Rotator Using Hole Device}

The present invention relates to a speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using the Hall element.

In general, an inverter controller controls the motor by measuring the rotational speed of the motor and the rotational angle of the rotor in real time during the operation of the motor by the inverter.

However, in the case of general encoders, the rotation speed can be measured up to about 6000rpm, so it is highly likely to cause a problem in speed measurement at high rotation speeds.

In addition, in the case of the synchronous motor and the BLDC motor in which the permanent magnet is applied to the rotor, the synchronous operation must be performed by identifying the position of the rotor, that is, the rotation angle.

Therefore, it is difficult to measure speed in the case of a motor driven at a rotation speed higher than the specification supported by the encoder, and in the case of a permanent magnet motor, a separate additional signal is required for detecting the initial angle of the rotor.

Therefore, in the related art, in order to solve the above problems and operate in a wide speed range, a sensorless controller method or an expensive high speed encoder is applied.

However, in the case of the sensorless control method, problems may occur due to difficulty in starting in an initial stop state, and there is a difficulty in knowing exactly the parameters of the motor.

In addition, the high-speed encoder has a high cost of the product due to the high price of the product, this also has a limit of the operating speed.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and calculates the initial angle, the rotation speed, the rotation angle of the rotor by using a ring magnet coupled to the rotor and three Hall sensors arranged at 120 ° intervals on the stator Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a speed and angle measuring apparatus of a rotor using a hall element capable of securing stable starting of an electric motor without using an expensive optical encoder and capable of measuring a wide speed range of several hundred thousand RPM.

In the rotor speed and angle measuring device of an electric motor in which a ring magnet matching the number of poles of the motor is fixed to the rotor shaft of the present invention as described above,

Three Hall sensors spaced apart from the stator of the motor at 120 ° intervals;

Three digital filters for removing noise of a signal generated by the hall sensor;

Three phase delay circuits for delaying the output signal of the digital filter;

A forward / backward signal generating means for outputting a forward / backward signal using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit;

Six multiplication pulse signal generating means for outputting a six multiplication pulse signal using the output signal of the phase delay circuit;

Virtual z-phase pulse signal generating means for outputting a virtual z-phase pulse signal using the output signal of the phase delay circuit and one digital filter output signal;

Speed measuring means for calculating a rotational speed of the rotor using the forward and six times pulse signal;

Rotation angle counting means for calculating a rotation angle of the rotor by using the forward / backward signal, a six-fold pulse signal, and a virtual z-phase pulse signal;

Characterized in that comprises a.

In particular, the forward signal generation means,

A forward judging unit which determines whether to rotate in the forward direction by using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit;

A reverse determination unit determining whether to rotate in the reverse direction by using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit;

A forward / backward signal generator for outputting a forward / backward signal using the outputs of the forward discriminator and the backward discriminator;

Characterized in that comprises a.

In addition, the multiplication pulse signal generating means,

Three edge detection circuits for detecting rising and falling edges of the output signal of the phase delay circuit; And

A six multiplication pulse signal generator for outputting a six multiplication pulse signal using the three edge detection circuit output values;

Characterized in that comprises a.

In addition, the virtual z-phase pulse signal generating means,

A virtual z-phase signal detector for detecting a virtual z-phase pulse signal using the phase delay circuit output signal and one digital filter output signal; And

A virtual z-phase pulse generator for generating a virtual z-phase pulse signal by using the output signal of the virtual z-phase signal detector;

Characterized in that comprises a.

In addition, the speed measuring means,

The rotation speed of the rotor is calculated by counting the six multiplication pulse signal for a predetermined time.

In addition, the rotation angle counting means,

When the virtual z-phase pulse signal is generated, the count becomes 0. When the forward and reverse signal is the forward signal, the count is operated as an up count. When the forward and reverse signal is the reverse signal, the count is operated as a down count. In this case, the count is increased by 1 or decreases by 1 according to the forward and backward signals.

In addition, the rotor counting means,

Receiving the rotation speed from the speed measuring means to correct the rotation angle of the rotor,

Rotation Angle = Rotor Count * 60 ° + Speed Angle Coefficient * Rotation Speed * (Current Time-Rotor Count Change Time)

It is characterized by that.

According to the apparatus for measuring the speed and angle of the rotor using the Hall device of the present invention as described above,

First, it is easy to measure the rotational speed of the motor driving a wide speed range,

Second, the initial starting torque can be obtained by measuring the initial angle and the rotation angle of the rotor to ensure stable starting of the permanent magnet motor,

Third, since the rotation angle of the rotor can be measured in real time during operation, it can be interpolated by calculation.

Fourth, it can be composed of only the ring permanent magnet and three Hall elements can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost and can be applied to a variety of industrial equipment, significant commercial and economic effects are expected.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms “comprises” or “having” are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or a combination thereof.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a speed and angle measuring apparatus of a rotor using a hall element according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

As shown in the drawing, the device magnetizes to the number of poles corresponding to the number of poles of the electric motor and is coupled to the rotor shaft, and the Hall elements 110 and 120 coupled to the stator side with a phase difference of 120 °. 130), the digital filter 200 for removing the grit and noise of the output signal, the phase delay circuit 210 for outputting the delayed signal, the forward discriminator 300 for discriminating the forward and reverse directions of the rotor and the reverse discrimination The unit 310, the forward and backward signal generator 320 for generating the forward or reverse signal, the edge detection circuit 400 for detecting the edge of the phase delay signal, the 6 for receiving the edge detection signal and generating 6 multiplication pulse signals. A virtual z-phase signal detector 500 for receiving a multiplication pulse signal generator 410, the edge detection signal, and a filter passing signal to detect a virtual z-phase signal, and generating a virtual z-phase pulse for generating a pulse train of the virtual z-phase signal. Unit 510, the forward and reverse signal Speed measuring unit 600 for measuring the rotational speed of the rotor by receiving the multiplication pulse signal, the rotor count to count the rotation angle of the rotor by receiving the forward and reverse signal, the six-times pulse signal, the virtual z-phase pulse signal It is configured to include a unit 610, and will be described in more detail below for each configuration.

The ring magnet 100 is fixedly coupled to the rotor of the motor by the number of poles corresponding to the number of poles of the motor, and three Hall sensors, namely, U-phase (A-phase) Hall sensors 110 and V-phase (120 ° intervals) to the stator. B phase) Hall sensor 120, W phase (C phase) Hall sensor 130 is disposed.

As mentioned above, permanent magnet motors, BLDC motors, and SynRM motors that incorporate magnets in the rotor need to know the magnet pole of the rotor to generate torque and rotate.

When the power is applied to the motor and three Hall sensors as described above, the initial angle is detected within ± 30 ° (360 ° divided by 60 ° and placed within ± 30 ° according to the arrangement).

That is, the A, B, and C signals of the three Hall sensors 110, 120, and 130 are composed of 1 or 0 by 180 °, respectively, and each signal is a phase delay circuit (210, 212, 214). Phase was delayed (shifted) by 120 °. Therefore, when A, B and C phase signals are initially read, there are six cases of 101, 100, 110, 010, 011, and 001 as a combination of the three signals. Dividing ° into six equal parts detects the initial angle within the 60 ° range.

At this time, if the angle is selected within the error ± 30 ° based on the maximum torque generating position, the torque becomes -13.4% at maximum, which enables the initial starting of the motor.

The output signals calculated by the three Hall sensors are shaped through the digital filter 200 in order to remove grit and noise, and the shaped signals are called pha, phb, and phc, respectively.

The phase delay circuit 210 receives the output signals pha, phb and phc of the digital filter 200 and outputs delayed signals pa, pb and pc.

The forward determiner 300 and the reverse determiner 310 may pass signals pha, phb and phc that have passed through the digital filter 200 and signals passed through the phase delay circuit 210 (pa, pb, pc). Determining the rotation direction of the rotor by using, and outputs a normal and reverse signal of the logic high (low) if the rotation direction is the forward direction, and the reverse direction through the stationary signal generator 320.

That is, the direction of rotation can be determined by looking at two different signals at the edge of each waveform (when it changes from High (1)-> Low (0) or changes to Low (0)-> High (1)). The forward and backward signals are high (1, 1) in the forward direction and low (0, 0) in the reverse direction.

First, the forward direction is determined by reading two other signals at the edge of A phase.

On the rising edge of A phase, if B, C is 1, 0, it is forward direction; if B, C is 0, 1, it is reverse direction; on the falling edge of A phase, B, C is 0, 1, it is forward direction; to be.

C, A is 1, 0 if the rising edge of phase B, C, A is 0, 1 is the reverse direction, C, A is 0, 1 is the forward direction, C, A is 1, 0 if the falling edge of B phase to be.

On the rising edge of C, A and B are 1 and 0, forward direction, A and B are 0 and 1, the reverse direction. On the falling edge of C, A and B are 0 and 1, the forward direction, A and B are 1 and 0, the reverse direction. to be.

The three edge detection circuits 400, 402, and 404 receive signals pa, pb, and pc from the phase delay circuits 210, 212, and 214, respectively, and detect rising and falling edges of the signal. The multiplication pulse signal generator 410 outputs the result.

The six-fold pulse signal generator 410 combines the three rising and falling edges to generate a six-fold pulse signal, and the generated signal divides the electric angle of one cycle into six. In addition, the six multiplication pulse signal is combined with the speed information of the speed measuring unit 600 to generate the instantaneous rotation angle of the rotor as described below.

The virtual z-phase signal detection unit 500 is a phase-delayed three-phase signal (pa, pb, pc) and the signal of one phase passing through the filter (in this embodiment, pha is used, but phb or phc may be used). Is combined to detect a virtual z-phase signal. In addition, the virtual z-phase pulse generator 510 generates the detected signal as a pulse and transmits the detected signal to the rotation angle counter 610.

The virtual z-phase pulse signal is generated under the following conditions.

In the forward direction, a z-phase pulse signal is generated when pha = 1, pa = 0, pb = 1, and pc = 0.

In the reverse direction, a z-phase pulse signal occurs when pha = 0, pa = 1, pb = 1, and pc = 0.

The speed measuring unit 600 uses the forward and backward signals and the six-fold pulse signal to calculate the rotational speed of the rotor. The six-times multiplication pulse signal is counted for a predetermined time using a reference timer (reference clock) in the motor to calculate the current rotational speed of the rotor.

On the other hand, in order to calculate the rotation angle of the rotor, the rotation angle counting unit 610 counts as follows using the forward and backward signals, the six-multiplied pulse signal, the z-phase pulse signal.

When the z-phase pulse signal is generated, the count is zero.

If the forward and reverse signals are forward signals, the count runs up count (i.e. by 1).

If the reverse signal is an inverse signal, the count runs down (i.e. by 1)

When a six multiplication pulse signal occurs, the count increases by one or decreases by one according to the forward and reverse signals.

The rotor count has a value from 0 to 5, so the rotor bottom angle is as follows.

Rotation Angle = Rotor Count * 60 °

At this time, the rotor count is divided into six equal parts of the rotation angle of 360 ° will cause an error of up to ± 30 °, in order to compensate for this by using the rotor speed calculated by the speed measuring unit 600 as follows Correct the angle.

Rotation Angle = Rotor Count * 60 ° + Speed Angle Coefficient * Rotation Speed * (Current Time-Rotor Count Change Time)

The velocity angle coefficient is an arbitrary constant representing the rotation angle according to the rotation amount.

Each component except the ring magnet and three Hall sensors is composed of an electronic circuit, and is composed of an FPGA or an ASIC.

Hereinafter, the operation of each signal according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 shows each signal operation in the reverse rotation, and Fig. 3 shows each signal operation in the forward rotation.

As shown in FIG. 2, the entire circuit is activated and operated by releasing the reset (rst, 700) signal, and the entire logic operates in synchronization with the clock (clk, 701) signal.

When signals are generated from the three Hall sensors 110, 120, and 130, noise is removed through the digital filter 200 to obtain three signals pha, phb, and phc (702, 703, and 704).

The signals delayed by the phase delay circuit 210 by the three signals are pa, pb, and pc, respectively (705, 706, and 707).

The rising edges and falling edges of the phase delay signals pa, pb, and pc are detected using edge detection circuits 400, 402, and 404, and the detected signals are combined by the multiplication pulse signal generator 410 and multiplied by six times. A pulse signal 708 is obtained.

In addition, by combining the six signals pha, phb, phc, pa, pb, pc (702 ~ 707) to determine whether the rotor is rotated in the forward and reverse direction (300, 310), since the reverse direction in Figure 2 generates a reversed signal The unit 320 outputs the rotation direction signal low (dir, 709).

In addition, the virtual z-phase signal detection unit 500 and the virtual z-phase pulse generator 510 output the virtual z-phase pulse signal 710 in a situation where pha = 0, pa = 1, pb = 1, pc = 0. do.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 3, the forward rotation also activates the entire circuit by releasing the reset (rst, 800) signal, and the entire logic operates in synchronization with the clock (clk, 801) signal.

When signals are generated from the three Hall sensors 110, 120, and 130, noise is removed through the digital filter 200 to obtain three signals pha, phb, and phc (802, 803, and 804).

The signals delayed by the phase delay circuit 210 by the three signals are pa, pb, and pc, respectively (805, 806, and 807).

The rising edges and falling edges of the phase delay signals pa, pb, and pc are detected using edge detection circuits 400, 402, and 404, and the detected signals are combined by the multiplication pulse signal generator 410 and multiplied by six times. A pulse signal 808 is obtained.

In addition, by combining the six signals pha, phb, phc, pa, pb, pc (802 ~ 807) to determine whether the rotor is rotated in the forward and reverse directions (300, 310), since the forward direction in Figure 3 generates a forward and backward signal The unit 320 outputs a rotation direction signal high (dir, 809).

The virtual z-phase pulse signal 810 is output by the virtual z-phase signal detector 500 and the virtual z-phase pulse generator 510 in a situation where pha = 1, pa = 0, pb = 1, pc = 0. do.

Finally, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the change of each signal output over a wide time range.

While the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art claim the invention as claimed in the appended claims. It includes all the various forms of embodiments that can be implemented without departing from the spirit.

1 is a view showing the configuration of a speed and angle measuring apparatus of a rotor using a Hall element according to the present invention,

2 is a diagram illustrating a signal, a delayed signal, a six-multiplied signal, a direction signal, and a virtual z-phase signal when the rotor rotates in the reverse direction;

3 is a diagram illustrating a shaped signal, a delayed signal, a six-multiplied signal, a direction signal, and a virtual z-phase signal when the rotor rotates in a forward direction.

4 is a diagram illustrating a shaped signal, a delayed signal, a six-multiplied signal, a direction signal, and a virtual z-phase signal over a wide time range.

<Description of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

100: ring magnet 110: u-phase hall sensor

120: v-phase hall sensor 130: w-phase hall sensor

700: reset signal 701: clock signal

702, 703, 704: formatted signal

705, 706, 707: delayed signal

708: 6 multiplication pulse signal 709: direction signal

710: virtual z-phase pulse signal

Claims (7)

In the rotor speed and angle measuring device of an electric motor in which a ring magnet corresponding to the number of poles of the motor is fixed to the rotor shaft, Three Hall sensors spaced apart from the stator of the motor at 120 ° intervals; Three digital filters for removing noise of a signal generated by the hall sensor; Three phase delay circuits for delaying the output signal of the digital filter; A forward / backward signal generating means for outputting a forward / backward signal using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit; Six multiplication pulse signal generating means for outputting a six multiplication pulse signal using the output signal of the phase delay circuit; Virtual z-phase pulse signal generating means for outputting a virtual z-phase pulse signal using the output signal of the phase delay circuit and one digital filter output signal; Speed measuring means for calculating a rotational speed of the rotor using the forward and six times pulse signal; Rotation angle counting means for calculating a rotation angle of the rotor by using the forward / backward signal, a six-fold pulse signal, and a virtual z-phase pulse signal; Speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using a hall element, characterized in that comprising a. The method according to claim 1, The normalized signal generation means, A forward judging unit which determines whether to rotate in the forward direction by using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit; A reverse determination unit determining whether to rotate in the reverse direction by using the output signal of the digital filter and the output signal of the phase delay circuit; A forward / backward signal generator for outputting a forward / backward signal using the outputs of the forward discriminator and the backward discriminator; Speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using a hall element, characterized in that comprising a. The method according to claim 1, The six-times pulse signal generating means, Three edge detection circuits for detecting rising and falling edges of the output signal of the phase delay circuit; And A six multiplication pulse signal generator for outputting a six multiplication pulse signal using the three edge detection circuit output values; Speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using a hall element, characterized in that comprising a. The method according to claim 1, The virtual z-phase pulse signal generating means, A virtual z-phase signal detector for detecting a virtual z-phase pulse signal using the phase delay circuit output signal and one digital filter output signal; And A virtual z-phase pulse generator for generating a virtual z-phase pulse signal by using the output signal of the virtual z-phase signal detector; Speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using a hall element, characterized in that comprising a. The method according to claim 1, The speed measuring means, Rotor speed and angle measuring device using a Hall element, characterized in that for calculating the rotational speed of the rotor by counting the six-multiplied pulse signal for a predetermined time. The method according to claim 1, The rotation angle counting means, When the virtual z-phase pulse signal is generated, the count becomes 0. When the forward and reverse signal is the forward signal, the count is operated as an up count. When the forward and reverse signal is the reverse signal, the count is operated as a down count. In this case, the speed and angle measuring apparatus of the rotor using a Hall element, characterized in that the count is increased or decreased by one according to the normal and reverse signal. The method according to claim 6, The rotor counting means, Receiving the rotation speed from the speed measuring means to correct the rotation angle of the rotor, Rotation Angle = Rotor Count * 60 ° + Speed Angle Coefficient * Rotation Speed * (Current Time-Rotor Count Change Time) Speed and angle measuring device of the rotor using a hall element, characterized in that.

Images