KR20080113949A - Implants and Prostheses for Implants - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an implant having a prosthesis for implants and a prosthesis for implants thereof.

Implant according to the present invention, a dental implant, a fixture (fixture) fixed to the alveolar bone; An abutment coupled to an upper portion of the fixture; A cushioning member made of a synthetic resin material which is covered and fixed on an outer side of the rent column; And a crown that is covered and fixed to the outside of the buffer member.

In addition, the implant prosthesis according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the buffer member and the crown in the implant prosthesis (prosthesis) is fixed to the abutment of the dental implant to replace the natural teeth. .

Description

Implants and prosthesis for implants

1 is a view for explaining the structure of a natural tooth.

2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of a conventional implant.

3 is an exploded perspective view of an implant according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the implant shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the buffer member of the implant shown in FIG. 3;

6 is a perspective view of the reinforcing member of the implant shown in FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view of an implant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a portion of the buffer member of the implant shown in FIG. 7;

9 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing the buffer member shown in FIG.

10 is a cross-sectional view of an implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the buffer member of the implant shown in FIG. 10.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: fixed body 20: abutment

30, 300, 303: buffer member 31, 301, 304: reinforcing member

40: crown 50: prosthesis

The present invention relates to a dental implant and a prosthesis used in the implant, and more particularly, to prevent damage to the crown of the implant, to improve the convenience of the user, and improved dental structure to facilitate maintenance It relates to an implant for use and a prosthesis used in the implant.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a natural tooth of a person. As shown in FIG. 1, the human tooth 1 is inserted into the alveolar bone 3 covered with the gum skin 2, and there is a large number between the alveolar bone 3 and the tooth 1. It is connected to the periodontal ligament (4).

The length of the periodontal ligament (4) is usually 25 ~ 50㎛, when a person chewing, such as chewing food, the tooth (1) is finely moved within the length range of the periodontal ligament (4). By the stretching action of the periodontal ligament (4) as described above, you can feel a variety of texture, that is chewing taste depending on the hardness of the food. In addition, the periodontal ligament (4) serves to prevent the breakage of the tooth (1) by relieving the stress or impact transmitted to the tooth (1).

On the other hand, when the tooth 1 is damaged due to impact or tooth decay or the like, the implant replacing the natural tooth 1 is widely used.

Conventional implants, as shown in FIG. 2, consist of a fixture 5, abutments 6, and a crown 7. The fixture 5 is inserted into the alveolar bone 3 and fixed, and the abutment 6 is coupled to the upper portion of the fixture 5 and is installed to be exposed upward of the gum. The crown 7 is a prosthesis that replaces the natural tooth 1 and is formed to fit with the abutment 6 and adhesively fixed to the abutment 6. The crown 7 is mainly made of gold or ceramic materials.

Unlike the connection between the natural tooth 1 and the alveolar bone 3 by the periodontal ligament 4 as described above, the fixture 5 and the alveolar bone 3 of the implant are closely coupled to each other. Therefore, when the artificial tooth 1 is performed by the implant, the implant can move only within a range of about 2 μm when chewing food. In this case, when the food is chewed, the texture felt through the teeth (1) and gums is remarkably decreased, and in particular, when chewing food of a soft material, there is a disadvantage in that the chewing taste is hardly felt.

In addition, conventionally, gold was used as a material of the crown 7, but in this case, the cost of the implant is very expensive, and the burden on the patient is large, and the patient suffers from inconvenience due to the weight of the gold.

In order to solve this problem, when using a ceramic (陶瓷) as the material of the crown 7 has a problem that the crown 7 is easily broken. That is, when a force is applied to the crown 7 of the ceramic material bonded to adhere to the abutment 6 of a very high strength metal material, the crown 7 is easily broken because there is no structure to relieve the force. In particular, unlike ductile and malleable gold, ceramics are generally brittle (脆性) because such a phenomenon often occurs.

In addition, conventional implants have the disadvantage of inconvenient repair. The alveolar bone and tooth structure of a person generally changes gradually over time. Therefore, about 10 years after the first implant procedure, the new shape of the crown (7) must be replaced to match the structure of the changed alveolar bone and surrounding teeth. In order to replace the crown 7, a method of cutting the circumference of the existing crown 7 with an abrasive saw and then applying force to the crown 7 to separate the crown 7 from the abutment 6 is used. However, in the process of cutting the periphery of the crown 7 with an abrasive saw, the abutment 6 is also often cut and damaged. In this case, the abutment 6 also needs to be replaced together, which increases the cost burden of the patient and increases the discomfort of the patient.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, to reduce the impact delivered to the crown to prevent the breakage of the crown, when chewing food can feel the texture similar to natural teeth, can be easily replaced with a new crown It is an object of the present invention to provide an implant having a structure that can be used.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to mitigate the impact delivered to the crown to prevent the breakage of the crown, when chewing food can feel the texture similar to natural teeth, and easily replace the crown without damaging the abutment An object of the present invention is to provide an implant prosthesis having a structure that can be used.

In order to achieve the above object, the implant of the present invention, a dental implant, a fixture (fixture) fixed to the alveolar bone; An abutment coupled to an upper portion of the fixture; A cushioning member made of a synthetic resin material which is covered and fixed on an outer side of the rent column; And a crown that is covered and fixed to the outside of the buffer member.

In addition, the implant prosthesis of the present invention, in order to achieve the above another object, in the implant prosthesis (prosthesis) that is fixed to the abutment of the dental implant to replace the natural teeth, including the buffer member and the crown It is characteristic in that it is made.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is an exploded perspective view of an implant according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the implant shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the buffer member of the implant shown in FIG. 3; 6 is a perspective view of the reinforcing member of the implant shown in FIG.

3 to 6, the implant of the present embodiment includes a fixture 10, abutment 20, and a prosthesis 50.

The fixture 10 is inserted and fixed to the alveolar bone 3 of the patient, the female screw portion 11 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the center.

The abutment 20 is coupled to the upper portion of the fixture 10, is formed to protrude above the gum skin (2) of the patient. The abutment 20 is coupled to the fixture 10 by bolts 12 that penetrate the central portion thereof and are screwed to the female threaded portion 11 of the fixture 10.

The fixture 10 and the abutment 20 are not different from the fixture 5 and the abutment 6 of the implant described with reference to FIG. 2.

The prosthesis 50 is fixed to the abutment 20 to serve as a substitute for natural teeth, and comprises a buffer member 30, a reinforcing member 31 and a crown 40.

The buffer member 30 is covered on the outside of the abutment 20 is coupled by an adhesive. The buffer member 30 is made of a synthetic resin material having elasticity, such as dental resin (resin).

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shock absorbing member 30 has a reinforcing member 31 embedded therein. As shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing member 31 has a structure of a mesh woven form of fiber, and is embedded in the shock absorbing member 30 to compensate for the rigidity of the shock absorbing member 30. . The reinforcing member 31 may be a material of various materials in consideration of the replacement life of the implant and the material of the buffer member (30). For example, hygienic and durable dental carbon fiber (glass fiber), glass fiber (glass fiber), reinforcement plastic, etc. may be used as the material of the reinforcing member 31.

The crown 40 is covered on the outside of the buffer member 30 is fixed by an adhesive. The crown 40 is similar in material and appearance to the crown 7 of the conventional implant described with reference to FIG. 2, but is not directly coupled to the abutment 20, but with the cushioning member 30 interposed therebetween. There is a difference in that it is coupled to (20). The crown 40 may be used in various ways, such as gold or other metals or ceramics, but is preferably made of a dental ceramic material among ceramics such as glass, cement, and refractory. Gold is expensive and heavy, and other metals may cause allergies to patients. However, dental ceramics are similar in color to natural teeth, and are also light and inexpensive.

Hereinafter, an example of a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned buffer member 30 will be described.

First, the reinforcing member 31 is manufactured by weaving carbon fibers to fit the upper shape of the abutment 20.

The reinforcing member 31 prepared as above is immersed in a liquid dental resin, and then cured by dipping. When curing of the dental resin is completed, the buffer member 30 in which the reinforcing member 31 is built is completed.

The prosthesis 50 is completed when the shock absorbing member 30 is inserted into the crown 40 and adhered thereto. When the prosthesis 50 is covered with the abutment 20 and bonded, the procedure of the implant according to the present embodiment is completed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the implant of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

In the implant of this embodiment, as described above, the buffer member 30 is disposed between the crown 40 and the abutment 20, and the buffer member 30 is stiffened by the reinforcing member 31. It is a complementary structure.

That is, when the patient who has undergone the implant of the present embodiment chews food, the force applied to the crown 40 is not directly transmitted to the abutment 20, but the abutment 20 is passed through the buffer member 30. Is passed on. Since the buffer member 30 is made of a synthetic resin material having better elasticity than the abutment 20, the shock absorbing member 30 acts to relieve stress applied to the crown 40 while elastically deforming itself.

For aesthetic reasons or cost reasons, even when using a crown made of a ceramic material other than gold, the crown 40 is not easily broken by the action of the buffer member 30. In addition, since the stress transmitted to the crown 40 is relaxed by the buffer member 30, the crown 40 can be used for a long time.

In addition, when the patient chews the food, the buffer member 30 is elastically deformed while the crown 40 moves within a predetermined range, there is an advantage that you can feel the texture similar to chewing food with natural teeth. . This principle has the advantage of increasing patient satisfaction.

On the other hand, the implant of the present invention can be easily replaced even when replacing with a new prosthesis 50 after long-term use, there is an advantage that the replacement cost is low. To remove the existing crown 40 and replace it with a new crown 40, after cutting the lower edge of the crown 40 using a dental wear saw, the upper portion of the crown 40 It is broken and removed. As described above with reference to FIG. 2, the conventional implant frequently suffers a problem that the abutment 6 is damaged in the process of cutting the rim of the crown 7 with a wear saw. As a result, the abutment as well as the crown 7 is abutment. There was a problem that needs to be replaced by (6). However, since the buffer member 30 is positioned between the crown 40 and the abutment 20 in the case of the implant of the present invention, the abutment 20 is hardly damaged. That is, when cutting the crown 40 with a wear saw, the abutment 20 is not cut even if a portion of the buffer member 30 is cut together. By removing the cut crown 40, scraping out the buffer member 30 made of a material very soft compared to the abutment 20, by attaching a new prosthesis 50 to the abutment 20, Replacement of the prosthesis 50 is completed.

On the other hand, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the implant according to the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 is a perspective view of a portion of the cushioning member of the implant shown in Figure 7, Figure 9 is a buffer member shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method.

7 and 8, the implant according to the second embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a reinforcing member 301 having a different structure from the reinforcing member 31 of the first embodiment.

 In the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the remaining portions except for the shock absorbing member 30 and the reinforcing member 31 are used as is in the second embodiment. In Figs. 7 and 8, the members referred to by the same reference numerals as the members shown in Figs. 3 and 4 have the same configuration and function. In addition, the rest of the configuration except for the buffer member 300 and the reinforcing member 301 of the second embodiment has the same configuration and function as the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Unlike the reinforcing member 31 of the first embodiment has a structure woven in the form of a net, the reinforcing member 301 of the second embodiment has a form in which fibers are wound in accordance with the outer shape of the abutment 20. In addition, the buffer member 300 of the second embodiment has a structure in which the reinforcing member 301 configured as described above is incorporated. The reinforcing member 301 is embedded in the shock absorbing member 300 and serves to supplement the rigidity of the shock absorbing member 300. As the material of the reinforcing member 301, it is preferable to use dental carbon fiber, glass fiber, glass, and the like as in the first embodiment.

Hereinafter, an example of a method of forming the buffer member 300 of the second embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, the reinforcing member 301 is provided by winding carbon fibers in a rod 101 having the same shape as the upper side of the abutment 20. In such a state, the portion where the reinforcing member 301 of the rod 101 is located is immersed in a liquid dental resin, and then pulled out. Curing the dental dental resin buried in the rod 101 and the reinforcing member 301, as shown in Figure 8 is provided with the buffer member 300 containing the reinforcing member 301.

The prosthesis 500 of the second embodiment is completed by attaching the shock absorbing member 300 to the dental crown 40 with a dental adhesive.

When the prosthesis 50 is covered with the abutment 20 and bonded, the procedure is completed.

The second embodiment also has the same texture as the first embodiment, due to the elastic deformation of the buffer member 30, when the subject chews food, the texture is improved, the service life of the crown 40 is long It has all the advantages that the replacement of the crown 40 is easy.

On the other hand, Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11 is a perspective view of the buffer member of the implant shown in FIG.

10 and 11, the implant according to the third embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a reinforcing member 304 having a different structure from the reinforcing member 31 of the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the remaining portions except for the buffer member 30 and the reinforcement member 31 are used as is in the third embodiment. 10 and 11, members referred to by the same reference numerals as the members shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 have the same configuration and function. In addition, the rest of the configuration except for the buffer member 303 and the reinforcing member 304 of the third embodiment has the same configuration and function as the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Unlike the reinforcing member 31 of the first embodiment having a structure woven in a net form, the reinforcing member 304 of the third embodiment is in the form of a plurality of particles. The buffer member 303 of the third embodiment has a structure in which the reinforcing member 304 constructed as described above is incorporated. The reinforcing member 304 is embedded in the shock absorbing member 303 and serves to supplement the rigidity of the shock absorbing member 303. As the material of the reinforcing member 304, it is preferable to use dental carbon fiber, glass fiber (glass fiber), reinforced plastic, and the like as in the first embodiment.

The buffer member 303 having such a structure may be manufactured by mixing the reinforcing member 304 made of particles such as carbon fibers in a liquid synthetic resin, and pouring the reinforcing member 304 into a mold. Alternatively, the reinforcing member 304 may be mixed with a liquid synthetic resin and cured in a rectangular block shape, and then the buffer block 303 may be manufactured by cutting the square block using a milling machine or the like.

The prosthesis 501 of the third embodiment is completed by attaching the shock absorbing member 303 provided in this way to the dental crown 40 with a dental adhesive.

When the prosthesis 501 is covered with the abutment 20 and bonded, the procedure is completed.

The third embodiment is also the same as described for the first embodiment, by the elastic deformation of the buffer member 303, the texture is improved when the subject chews the food, the service life of the crown 40 is long It has all the advantages that the replacement of the crown 40 is easy.

The preferred embodiments of the implant of the present invention has been described above. In the implant, the fixture 10 and the abutment 20 may be standardized and distributed separately, and after the procedure, the fixture 10 and the abutment 20 do not need to be replaced, and thus, the present invention provides the prosthesis ( 50, 500, 501) can be produced, distributed, and performed only.

Although preferred embodiments of the implant of the present invention have been described above, the implant and the prosthesis for implants according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described examples, and the modifications or combinations of the examples do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention. Various types of implants and prostheses for implants may be embodied within the scope of the invention.

For example, in the first embodiment, the carbon fiber is woven into a net form to be used as the reinforcing member 31, but it may be used in a similar shape by a method such as injection molding without using such a manufacturing method.

In addition, the buffer member (30, 300, 303) has been described as using the reinforcing member (31, 301, 304) in the above, but if the reinforcement is not necessary in the material of the cushioning member is not provided with a reinforcing member And implants.

In addition, in the third embodiment, the reinforcing member 304 has been described as having a plurality of particles, but a reinforcing member composed of a plurality of chopped fibers may be configured. In this case, the fiber pieces made of carbon fiber, glass fiber, or the like are embedded in the buffer member to be used as a reinforcing member.

Implants and prostheses for implants of the present invention can prevent the breakage of the crown by the structure to cushion the impact, can feel the texture similar to natural teeth when the subject chews the food, and the crown without damaging the abutment There is an effect that can be easily replaced.

Claims (17)

In implant prosthesis that is fixed to abutments of dental implants and replaces natural teeth, A cushioning member made of a synthetic resin material which is covered and fixed on an outer side of the rent column; And Implant prosthesis comprising a; crown crowned on the outer side of the buffer member (齒 冠, fixed). The method of claim 1, And a reinforcing member embedded in the shock absorbing member to reinforce the shock absorbing member. The method of claim 2, The reinforcement member is an implant prosthesis, characterized in that the structure of the mesh. The method of claim 2, The reinforcing member is formed in the form of a fiber wound to the outer shape of the abutment is embedded in the cushioning member, the prosthesis for implants. The method of claim 2, The reinforcing member is an implant prosthesis, characterized in that embedded in the buffer member in the form of a plurality of particles. The method of claim 2, The reinforcing member is implanted prosthesis, characterized in that embedded in the buffer member in the form of a plurality of chopped fibers. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, The reinforcing member is an implant prosthesis, characterized in that the material of any one of carbon fiber (carbon fiber) and glass fiber (glass fiber) and reinforced plastic. The method of claim 7, wherein The crown is implant prosthesis, characterized in that the ceramic material. The method of claim 1, The crown is implant prosthesis, characterized in that the ceramic material. In dental implants, A fixture fixed to the alveolar bone; An abutment coupled to an upper portion of the fixture; A cushioning member made of a synthetic resin material which is covered and fixed on an outer side of the rent column; And And a crown that is covered and fixed to the outside of the buffer member. The method of claim 10, And a reinforcing member embedded in the shock absorbing member to reinforce the shock absorbing member. The method of claim 11, The reinforcing member is an implant, characterized in that the structure of the mesh. The method of claim 11, The reinforcing member is implanted, characterized in that formed in the form of fibers wound to the outer shape of the abutment is embedded in the buffer member. The method of claim 11, The reinforcing member is formed in the form of a plurality of implants, characterized in that embedded in the buffer member. The method of claim 11, The reinforcing member is formed in the form of a plurality of chopped fibers (implant) characterized in that embedded in the buffer member. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, The reinforcing member is an implant, characterized in that the material of any one of carbon fiber (glass fiber) and glass fiber (glass fiber) and reinforced plastic. The method of claim 16, The crown is an implant, characterized in that the ceramic material.

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