KR20040104593A - A low ignition propensity cigarette having oxygen donor metal oxide in the cigarette wrapper - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low ignition tendency cigarette having a self-extinguishing cigarette paper capable of self-extinguishing a cigarette. Cigarette wrappers include oxygen storage and providing metal oxides to support and maintain free burning of self-extinguishing cigarettes while maintaining the low ignition tendency of self-extinguishing cigarette wrappers. The present invention further relates to low live tobacco smoke cigarettes with low ignition tendency. The wrapper has a composition that reduces live tobacco smoke from a burning cigarette and comprises a combination of an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst and an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst. The live tobacco smoke-reducing composition reduces cigarette porosity, making the cigarette self-extinguishing. Oxygen storage and provision The metal oxide catalyst is an amount that supports free combustion of the cigarette while maintaining the self-extinguishing of the cigarette wrapper.

Description

LOW IGNITION PROPENSITY CIGARETTE HAVING OXYGEN DONOR METAL OXIDE IN THE CIGARETTE WRAPPER}

In particular, various attempts have been made to control cigarette free-burn rates for the purpose of developing reduced ignition tendencies or self-extinguishing cigarettes. Such characteristics of low ignition tendency or self extinguishing are believed to be safety characteristics. For example, self-extinguishing of a cigarette can reduce the likelihood of ignition even if the cigarette falls on combustible materials such as furniture covers. Most commonly free burn rate modifiers are added to conventional cigarette paper to affect free burn rate. If the cigarette falls on the surface and remains for an extended period of more than two minutes, the free burn rate can be reduced to the level where the cigarette ignites itself. Examples of such cigarettes are described in Canadian patent 1,211,021, where the wrapper has a low porosity, contains one or more free-burning-delay materials, and is substantially free of combustion promoters. Another example is U.S. Patent 4 622, 983 has been described, where the low ignition tendency cigarette has a wrapper with a burn promoter such as an alkali metal salt of 1.5 cm ^-1 to about 5.0cm ^-1 Burn Mode Index and a carboxylic acid.

Alternatively, the free burn rate reducing material may be applied as a band to cigarette paper, which will provide a low ignition tendency if it remains burned into the band region of the free burn rate reducing material. Examples of such systems are described in US Pat. Nos. 5,474,095, 5,417,228,5, 263,999, 4,739,775,4, 452,259, and 4,044, 778 and US Patent Application 2002/0179105.

More specifically, US patent application 2002/0179105 describes a low ignition tendency cigarette having an untreated region and a base wrapper having one or more discrete regions treated with the composition to control the free burn rate. The composition comprises a permeability reducing material (e.g. starch and cellulose), a free burning rate retarding material (e.g. phosphate of ammonium) and a free burning rate accelerating material (e.g. alkaline earth metal salts of alkali metals or carboxylic acids). Include.

European patent application 559,300 describes a paper for a conventional cigarette or aerosol cigarette. Conventional cigarette wrappers may be coated with a band of gel of metal oxide selected as the free burn rate retardant material.

US Patent 4,739, 775 describes cigarette wrappers. The wrapper comprises a normal combustion cellulose fiber base web and one or more bands of cellulose fiber base webs having a Burn Mode Index of 0 cm ⁻¹ to 4.0 cm ⁻¹ , wherein the cigarette self extinguish in the band region.

U. S. Patents 5,474, 095, 5, 417, 228, and 5,263, 999 describe low ignition tendency cigarettes having a wrapper coated with an area of cellulose material thereon to reduce the free burning rate of the cigarette.

In contrast, US Pat. No. 4,615,345 describes a self-extinguishing cigarette with a wrapper made of cellulose fiber base that provides a low ignition tendency, and the wrapper further includes a region of combustion promoters. The material is an alkali metal combustion promoter, such as potassium salt of citric acid.

Other alternatives are described in US Pat. Nos. 2,666, 437 and 4,638, 819, which provide rings and the like on cigarettes, which will extinguish the cigarettes once free burning coal approaches the rings. Another common mechanism for extinguishing a cigarette is to provide a tubular device into which a cigarette is inserted therein for self-extinguishing burning coal. Such a device is described in US Pat. No. 1,581,451.

U.S. Patent 4,945,932 also describes a self-extinguishing cigarette having a wrapper comprising a region with smaller and larger air permeability in the form of a patterned region.

Most of these systems are commonly characterized by reducing the free burn rate by using free burn rate modifiers consumed during the combustion of cigarettes. Consumption of free burn rate modifiers can adversely affect various properties of cigarettes, such as cigarette smoke, flavor, taste and tobacco properties.

The present invention relates to free-burn rate control of a burning cigarette, and more particularly, to a self-extinguishing cigarette when set down with a low ignition tendency for safety purposes.

Summary of the Invention

In a low ignition tendency cigarette having a self-extinguishing cigarette roll capable of self-extinguishing a cigarette, according to an aspect of the present invention, in order to support and maintain free burning of a self-extinguishing cigarette, while maintaining the low ignition tendency of the self-extinguishing cigarette roll. Oxygen storage and donor metal oxides are used, along with cigarette wraps.

According to another aspect of the invention,

Tobacco rod and

A low ignition tendency cigarette having a wrapper having a base permeability surrounding a tobacco rod,

The wrapper is untreated and

Including one or more separate areas treated with a composition to reduce base permeability, when the coal of a burning cigarette proceeds forward along the treated area, the cigarette will self-extinguish if placed on a surface,

Improvements include:

It includes a composition having oxygen storage and donor metal oxides to support and maintain the burning coal as it travels along the treated area.

According to another aspect of the invention, the band low ignition tendency cigarette comprises a tobacco rod wrapped in cigarette paper, and the wrapper has one or more bands surrounding the wrapper. The band is formed from a free burn rate controlling composition to provide a low ignition tendency cigarette. The composition includes a porosity reducer and an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide.

According to another aspect of the invention, the low ignition tendency cigarette comprises a tobacco rod wrapped with a cigarette wrapper. The wrapper has a low porosity level to self digest the burning tobacco rod. The wrapper has a peripheral area of oxygen storage and providing metal oxide to support the free burning rate, which maintains free combustion of the tobacco rod along that area.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method of extinguishing a cigarette when settled on a surface, the method permits the burning of burning cigarettes to burn into a band of cigarette wrapper, if it remains on the surface, the cigarette Reducing the free burning rate to the level of extinguishing, wherein the band contains oxygen storage and providing metal oxides in an amount that supports the free burning of burning coal going through the band while maintaining the self-extinguishing properties of the cigarette wrap.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in self-extinguishing low ignition tendency cigarettes, the use of oxygen storage and providing metal oxides together with cigarette wraps allows for the free burning of self extinguishing cigarettes while maintaining the low ignition tendency of self extinguishing cigarettes. Supporting and maintaining, the cigarette comprises a tobacco rod having a tobacco density capable of self-extinguishing the cigarette, and an oxygen storage to support the free burning rate, which maintains free burning of the cigarette along the periphery region of the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide and A wrapper having a peripheral region of the providing metal oxide is included.

According to another aspect of the invention, low live tobacco smoke cigarettes, cigarettes having a low ignition tendency, comprise a wrapper around the tobacco rod. The wrapper has a composition that reduces live tobacco smoke from a burning cigarette and comprises a combination of an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst and an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst. The live tobacco smoke reducing composition reduces the porosity of the roll and makes the cigarette self extinguishing. Oxygen storage and provision The metal oxide catalyst is an amount that supports the free burning of the cigarette while maintaining the self extinguishing properties of the cigarette wrapper.

According to another aspect of the present invention, low live tobacco smoke cigarettes having a low ignition tendency comprise a wrapper around the tobacco rod. The wrapper has a composition that reduces live tobacco smoke from a burning cigarette and comprises a combination of an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst and an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst. The live tobacco smoke reducing composition reduces the porosity of the roll and makes the cigarette self extinguishing. The wrapper has a peripheral region of the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst and supports a free burn rate along the region without self extinguishing.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a further aspect of the present invention for reducing live tobacco smoke and / or for providing self-extinguishing of a cigarette.

According to a still further aspect of the present invention, a double wrap self-extinguishing cigarette having an inner and outer wrap. One of the inner and outer wrappers, including oxygen storage and providing metal oxides, maintains and maintains the low ignition tendency of the self-extinguishing cigarette wrappers while simultaneously supporting and maintaining free burning of the self-extinguishing cigarettes.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

In most forms of low ignition cigarettes, there are two competing mechanisms. From the low ignition trend point of view, whenever a cigarette falls on furniture, clothing, bed sheets and pillowcases or other solid surfaces, the cigarette should self-extinguish almost immediately. . From a smoker's point of view, low-ignition cigarettes should not self-extinguish during normal smoking of cigarettes. Normal smoking of cigarettes involves burning the cigarette, if it does not settle on a solid surface, sucking the cigarette 6 to 10 times wherever the cigarette continues to be lit between sucks and where there is acceptable free combustion between sucks.

According to the present invention, the use of oxygen storage and donor metal oxides functions very well in balancing these two mechanisms, providing a low ignition tendency cigarette with acceptable free combustion or stable-combustion. Free combustion or stable combustion means burning a cigarette while playing between the fingers of a smoker and lying on the edge of an ashtray or the like. Oxygen providing metal oxides support the burning of cigarettes but do not accelerate the burning of cigarettes in the way that prior art combustion promoters do. The oxygen storage and provision metal oxides of the present invention are not consumed in the reaction, but instead simply have a change in the oxidation state when it changes the oxidation state, during which oxygen is released and then when it changes back to its original state, from the surroundings Capture oxygen. As such, the oxygen providing metal oxide is not consumed in the reaction and therefore remains in the cigarette ash. Oxygen storage and provision The metal oxide acts as a source of oxygen released in a controlled manner when the metal oxide changes its oxidation state, thus oxygen supports the free combustion of cigarettes and is consumed in the reaction as a combustion promoter such as citrate Do not Thanks to the release of oxygen from the oxygen storage and provision metal oxide, there is a greater opportunity to design self-extinguishing cigarettes with a more predictable low ignition tendency to self-extinguish when settling down.

Oxygen storage and provision Metal oxides perform a very beneficial function in low ignition tendency cigarettes by supporting and maintaining the desired free combustion for self-extinguishing cigarettes. Oxygen-providing materials donate oxygen to provide free combustion so that the cigarette fire coal proceeds along the cigarette. The oxygen providing material overcomes the combustion delay activity of low porosity cigarette wraps and / or high density tobacco rods. Not only is it possible to provide a self-extinguishing cigarette by providing a wrapper that contributes to or controls the self-extinguishing feature, but as an alternative, the tobacco rod may also be designed to provide a self-extinguishing cigarette. For example, a tobacco rod may be made to contain a higher density portion along its length that burns more slowly and extinguishes itself if left unattended for some time. Higher densities for the tobacco rods can be used throughout the length of the tobacco rods or sections of the tobacco rods can be slower with higher densities and self-extinguish cigarettes if not assisted by an oxygen source. It is understood that a combination of tobacco rod density and cigarette paper alteration can be employed to provide a cigarette with a balanced low ignition tendency and desired free combustibility. In most situations, the acceptable free combustion in low ignition tendency cigarettes is that the cigarette is lit for 30 seconds to about 4 minutes or more. Preferred free burning times are usually at least about 1.5 minutes, most preferably at least about 2 minutes when settled to the surface. Although, on average, smokers suck cigarettes at 1 and 1/2 minutes every minute, low ignition tendency cigarettes preferably remain on fire for at least about 2 minutes of normal or free combustion.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, cigarette paper is made by applying or incorporating therein a composition which greatly reduces the porosity of the paper. This reduction in the porosity of the paper may be due to the addition of high surface area components such as, for example, metal oxides, to the paper of the desired components to treat mainstream smoke or live tobacco smoke. Such a paper is porous enough to extinguish it almost immediately when it catches fire. In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, an oxygen donor is added to the paper to support combustion of the cigarette. The oxygen providing material is applied to the paper in such a way that it is included along the paper and provides a burn rate for a predetermined period of time, so that if the cigarette falls on the surface, the burning coal temperature will be lowered and provide self-extinguishing. Alternatively, the oxygen providing composition is applied to the paper as an area, such as the area described in US Pat. No. 4,615, 345, to provide an annular area along the cigarette paper, which maintains free combustion adjacent to the annular band of the self-extinguishing cigarette paper. Based on normal or conventional smoking techniques having about 8 to 10 sucks per cigarette, the area is approximately 15 to 25 mm long along the cigarette and the band is approximately 2 to 10 mm long.

The oxygen providing material may be applied to the paper by incorporation or impregnation into the paper along the length of the paper, or may be applied to the area or band by coating or impregnation. If the wrapper is a double wrapper, the inside or outside wrapper can be treated with a porous reducing agent to self-extinguish and then in the inside or outside wrapper, an oxygen providing material is used to support the free burning of the cigarette to the desired extent. The oxygen providing material is preferably applied on the outer wrapper which lays the oxygen providing material adjacent to the outer side of the inner wrapper. Coating or impregnation of the wrapper with the treatment composition to provide a self-extinguishing band does not significantly increase the thickness of the wrapper. However, it is understood that some of the treatment compositions may include a porous reducer that can add the thickness of the paper, such as the band of cellulose described in US Pat. No. 5,740, 095.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a free-burn rate control mechanism is provided by adding or including a selected amount of an oxygen providing material such as cerium oxide with a cigarette paper that burns very slowly. Oxygen providing materials are surprisingly effective at supplying enough oxygen to support the desired degree of combustion. In the absence of oxygen providing materials or at their reduced levels, cigarettes self-extinguish due to a low ignition tendency when settling on upholstered furniture and the like. A balance is then achieved between these competing mechanisms in using sufficient oxygen storage providing metal oxide to support and maintain the desired free combustion of the self-extinguishing cigarette while at the same time maintaining the desired low ignition tendency of the self-extinguishing cigarette.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an absorbent may be applied or incorporated into cigarette paper to achieve certain desired results in the treatment of mainstream smoke or live tobacco smoke. Thanks to the incorporation of such materials, the porosity of the paper can approach zero. Although according to the present invention surprisingly, the use of an oxygen donor such as cerium oxide supplies enough oxygen to allow the non-porous paper to burn, this paper will usually be useless. A predetermined amount may be used, for example, cerium oxide in the range of about 10% to 15% by weight of the paper. The amount of cerium oxide is sufficient to support combustion for about 2 minutes or less before the cigarette self-extinguish. As an alternative, even higher concentrations of cerium oxide may be applied to the cigarette paper as a region supplying sufficient oxygen to promote free burn rate through the region of cerium oxide material. Once the burning coal enters an area where there is no oxygen storage and donor material or very little such material, the cigarette coal temperature drops sharply to self extinguish and provide a low ignition tendency cigarette. Typical principal component weights of such papers are about 20 to 125 g / m ² . In percentage of the dry weight of the wrapper, the amount of oxygen storage and providing metal oxide can range from about 5 to 60% by weight. A more preferred range is about 10-50% by weight of the paper and the most preferred range is about 10-30% by weight of the paper.

Oxygen storage and provision metal oxides can perform other functions such as oxidation catalysts. The use of the term catalyst emphasizes that the oxygen donor oxidation catalyst can change the oxidation state to release oxygen molecules, but the catalyst is not consumed in the reaction.

Specific examples of oxygen donor materials include oxygen storage and donor metal oxide oxidation catalysts, such as transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides, solid solutions of mixed metal oxides, and mixtures thereof. In particular, transition groups consist of oxides and mixtures thereof from metals IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII, IB. Preferred rare earth metal oxides are selected from the group consisting of oxides of scandium, yttrium, lanthanide metal elements and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the lanthanum-based metal element includes lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and mixtures thereof. Preferred lanthanum metal element oxides are cerium oxide or its precursor ceria sol.

In addition, the oxygen donor can also be a high surface material such as a solid solution mixed with other components of cerium oxide, such as cerium oxide or cerium / zirconium oxide in particulate form. Zirconium oxide can also be used in particulate form with the oxygen donor material. Other suitable particulate materials include tin oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, alumina, low surface area cerium oxide, calcium carbonate and mixtures thereof. The mixed solid solution of metal oxide is cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / aluminum mixed oxide, cerium / magnesium mixed oxide, cerium / titanium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum mixed oxide Cerium / Lanthanum Mixed Oxide, Cerium / Zirconium Mixed Oxide, Cerium / Zirconium / Lanthanum Mixed Oxide, Cerium / Zirconium / Praseodymium Mixed Oxide, Cerium / Zirconium / Lanthanum / Praseodymium Mixed Oxide, Cerium / Zirconium / Neodymium Blend Any combination such as oxides.

Various fillers can be incorporated into cigarette paper to enhance the effectiveness of the oxygen donor, for example, adsorbents in combination with the oxygen donor provide a visible reduction in live tobacco smoke. Suitable additives for the oxygen donor material include any suitable, essentially non-combustible finely divided particulate material that does not affect the flavor and taste of the mainstream smoke and does not emit any undesirable odor in the class steam. The adduct may be a high surface area porous adduct having a surface area of at least 20 m ² / g or more at low surface areas, usually exceeding 5 m ² / g. The porous adduct may have pores having an average diameter of less than 100 nm (1000 mm 3). More preferably, the pores have an average diameter of less than 20 nm (200 mm 3) and even more preferably pores having an average diameter of 0.5 to 1 Onm (5-100 mm 3). As a zeolite based material, the pores have an average diameter in the range of about 0.5 to 1.3 nm (5-13 mm 3).

The particulate adduct may have an average particle size of less than about 30 μm, more preferably less than about 20 μm and most preferably less than 1 μm up to about 5 μm. Non-combustible materials can be various classes of porous clays commonly used in cigarette paper manufacture, such as bentonite clay or treated clay with high surface area. Non-combustible carbon materials, including ground porous carbon fibers and particulates can also be used. Various metal oxides can be used, such as porous single crystal mineral base materials including zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, aluminum oxides such as alumina, metal oxide fibers such as zirconium fibers and other ceramics such as ground porous ceramic fibers and mixtures thereof. have. For cerium oxide, it has been found that it can act as a finely divided adduct and as an oxygen storage and donor cerium oxide oxidation catalyst. Other adduct materials include high surface area materials such as activated carbon and zeolites.

The adducts may also include high surface area sorbent materials that are non-combustible, inorganic finely divided particulates, such as molecular sieves including amorphous materials such as zeolites and silica / alumina and the like. Zeolites such as silicalite zeolites, faujasiteX, Y and L zeolites, beta zeolites, mordenite zeolites and ZSM zeolites are acceptable. Preferred zeolites include hydrophobic zeolites and some hydrophobic zeolites which have an affinity for the hydrophobic and some hydrophobic organic compounds of such live tobacco smoke and thereby avoid water vapor. Zeolite materials provide a highly porous structure that selectively absorbs and adsorbs components of live tobacco smoke. Highly porous structures generally include macropores between the particles and the micropores in the splitting particles of the macropores.

Zeolite materials can be characterized by the following formula:

M _m M ' _n M " _p [aAl0 ₂ ˙b Si0 ₂ ˙cT0 ₂ ]

In the above formula

M is a monovalent cation,

M 'is a divalent cation,

M "is a trivalent cation,

a, b, c, n, m and p are numbers that reflect the stoichiometric ratio,

c, m, n or p can also be zero,

Al and Si are tetrahedrally coordinated Al and Si atoms,

T is a tetrahedral coordinated metal atom that can replace Al or Si,

Wherein the ratio of b / a of the zeolite or zeolite-like material has a value of about 5 to 300 and the micropore size is in the range of about 0.5 to 1.3 mm (5 to 13 mm 3).

Preferred zeolites of the above formula are pauzasite ((Na ₂ , Ca, Mg) ₂₉ [Al ₅₈ Si ₁₃₄ 0 ₃₈₄ ] ˙ 240 H ₂ 0; cubic), β-zeolite Na _n [Al _n Si with n <7 _64-n O ₁₂₈ ]; Tetragonal), mordenite zeolite (Na ₈ [Al ₈ Si ₄₀ O ₉₆ ] 24 H ₂ 0; tetragonal), ZSM zeolite (Na _n [Al _n Si _96-n O ₁₉₂ ] to 16 H with n <27) ₂ 0; orthorhombic), and mixtures thereof.

It is understood that various grades of sorbent material can be used. This is especially true with the increase and decrease of zeolites which can be custom designed to selectively adsorb, for example, high boiling point materials, medium boiling point materials and low boiling point materials. This may lead to layers of zeolite composition in which cerium oxide or other suitable catalyst expected by the present invention is preferably dispersed throughout these layers. The layers may then be bonded to the cigarette seat against the tobacco rod by using a binder or adhesive, which may be, for example, polyvinylacetate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), starch and casein or soy protein and mixtures thereof. Can be.

Additives and fillers may include metal oxides, metal salts, calcium carbonates, zeolites, mixed metal oxides, bonded clays, inorganic binders, ground fibers, monocrystalline mineral based materials and non-combustible activated carbons as reconditioners. Binders and adducts for catalysts can be used as porosity reducing agents. These porosity reducing agents may be incorporated into the paper during manufacture to develop low porosity paper or coated on conventional cigarette paper to reduce paper porosity. For the lowest ignition tendency cigarettes the porosity is usually less than 10 Coresta units and in some situations can drop as low as 0 Coresta units. It is also understood that conventional additives, such as ash control agents, can be used in controlling ashes of cigarettes. Typical reconditioning agents are carbonates such as calcium, metal salts of carboxylic acids and phosphates of ammonium. Examples of carboxylic acid salts include salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals, acidic acids, citric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid and the like.

Suitable phosphates of ammonia include monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate, diammonium salts of phosphoric acid and ammonium hydrogen phosphate. Typical fillers that also contribute to re-regulation are ordinary clay, calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate And the like.

The addition of additives in combination with an oxygen donor can significantly reduce the porosity of the cigarette paper in order to achieve the desired properties, such as reduction of live tobacco smoke. By selecting a functional amount of oxygen providing material, the low porosity paper can still burn. However, from the standpoint of fire-safe cigarettes, the amount of oxygen provider selected is to reduce the cigarette burning coal temperature to provide a low ignition prone cigarette. If the cigarette is settled down, it can usually extinguish itself after a predetermined time of 4 minutes or less. This aspect of the present invention provides significant advances in that a person designing a low porosity paper will enhance the properties of the cigarette and then use the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide to maintain the desired reduced free burn rate.

The oxygen providing material may be incorporated in the manufacture of the paper, applied as a coating to the paper or impregnated in the paper. Alternatively, the oxygen providing material is applied to the paper as an area, such as the area described in US Pat. No. 4,615, 345, to provide a conventional free burn rate area near the slow burn rate for the cigarette, which can be achieved by leaving the cigarette on the surface. Can lead to self-extinguishing. Various methods are available for incorporating the composition into low porosity paper, as a coating, impregnation, or as a band of material. Coating, incorporation, or impregnation can be achieved in the manner described in the applicant's co-pending international patent application WO 02/024005, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

Banding or applying the oxygen donor as an area on the cigarette paper can be accomplished by a plurality of transversely moving nozzles, moving across the cigarette paper, which is made to apply the spaced apart area of oxygen providing material to the porous paper. When the paper is split and curled, the somewhat helical region meets the middle region of the low porosity paper until it defines the spaced apart area of the normal burn rate promoting composition. The area providing normal or conventional free burn rate is usually in the range of about 15 mm to 25 mm and most preferably from about 20 mm to about 22 mm. The band of slow riding material can be designed to self-extinguish a cigarette and, if not sucked, has a width of about 2 mm to about 10 mm, preferably at least 5 mm in length.

The paper was filed on March 14, 2003, with the co-pending PCT application Serial No. Can be double wrapped on cigarettes, as described in PCT / CA03 / 00353, entitled “Low Tobacco Smoke Cigarettes Using Combustible Paper with Modified Ash” (the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference). Wherein the inner layer of paper contains an oxygen providing material that provides a low ignition tendency and the outer paper is provided to enhance the re-characteristics of the low porous inner paper. Another possible configuration for a double wrap cigarette includes providing a live tobacco smoke treatment composition that provides a low porosity level to the inner wrapper for a self-extinguishing riding cigarette tobacco rod on the inner wrapper. Although the outer wrapper can perform the reconditioning function, it is also provided with a peripheral region of oxygen storage and providing metal oxide to support the desired free burn rate, which maintains free combustion of the tobacco rod along the region. Alternatively, with the live tobacco smoke control material on the inner wrapper, an area of oxygen providing material can be provided to maintain the desired free burn rate. In an alternative to the region, it is understood that sufficient oxygen providing material can be used along the entire length of the inner wrapper to maintain the desired free burn rate.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a wise choice of cerium oxide with adducts can provide control of live tobacco smoke as well as fire-safe cigarettes. An oxygen donor deficient composition may be provided in the base paper to control live tobacco smoke. Regions of normal live tobacco smoke control compositions, with increased amounts of oxygen providing material, as described in the aforementioned international patent application WO 02/024005, are intended to support conventional free burning rates for cigarettes in those regions or zones. Can be applied. Intervention deficient in oxygen donors self-extinguish the cigarette if the cigarette is not sucked within a predetermined time, for example within 2 to 4 minutes. Alternatively, the live tobacco smoke control composition may be applied or used on a low porosity base paper at which the amount of oxygen donor is at a reduced level to ensure that the cigarette will extinguish itself when settled down within a predetermined time, for example 2 to 4 minutes. have.

Tobacco rod wrappers are usually conventional cigarette papers modified to have a sufficiently low base permeability, and the coal of the burning cigarette proceeds forward along the tobacco rod and the cigarette lies on a solid surface or there is more than 2 to 3 or 4 minutes If cigarettes are left unattended for a while, they are self-extinguishing. The preferred base permeability of the wrapper is usually less than 10 Coresta units, preferably less than 6 Coresta units and may even be close to 0 Coresta units. The decrease in porosity may be in a given band or along the length of the cigarette paper. As noted, various porosity reducing agents can be applied to the band to reduce porosity to the desired level. The porosity reducer may have an alternate function, as described above, but may also include an additional layer of cellulose on the paper to provide a band of reduced porosity to self-extinguish. The band of cellulose may contain oxygen storage and donor metal oxides to provide the desired free combustion of the band, allowing the band to burn for a period of time, but leaving the flame cone stationary before passing through the band to self-extinguish. . Examples of bands of cellulose used to provide a band of reduced porosity are described in the aforementioned US Pat. No. 5,740, 095. The predetermined time is preferably about 2 minutes or more.

In balancing the amount of oxygen providing material in low porosity cigarettes, the free burning rate of the cigarette usually results in a higher number of cigarette suckers. The number of sucks may exceed 10 times per conventional length of the cigarette, possibly 12 to 16 times. According to the present invention, it has a significantly shorter, usually at least 1/3 shorter tobacco rod, thanks to slower free combustion with shorter tobacco rods, utilizing the advantages of oxygen storage and providing metal oxides in combination with a porous reducer. Develop cigarettes. This achieves the desired conventional number of sucks of 6 to 10 sucks. Less than one third of the cigarettes used in cigarettes equate to significant cost savings in the manufacture and sale of cigarettes. This is a significant advantage in the use of oxygen storage and providing metal oxides due to the controlled release of oxygen, and the desired free combustion is realized along the length of the shortened tobacco rod.

In achieving the correct balance and amount of the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide, which is preferably an oxidation catalyst, it is usually determined by trial and error. There are many parameters that can affect the porosity of the wrapper material, each of which reacts differently to the use of an oxygen donor. As mentioned above, self-extinguishing times of less than 30 seconds are generally unacceptable for commercial cigarettes. The industry suggests that self-extinguishing times of less than two minutes are also unacceptable. Sufficient oxygen donors are used to increase the self-extinguishing period, preferably above about 2 minutes.

Conventional cigarettes will burn without extinguishing until all combustible tobacco is consumed. On the other hand, low ignition tendency cigarettes self-extinguish in about 30 seconds to 4 minutes. Those skilled in the art will understand that the amount of time before the cigarette self-extinguish depends at least in part on the winding parameter. Such winding parameters include the width of the band, the porosity of the base web, the spacing of the bands, the length of the free combustion zone and the additives used to improve the ash, and the like. By trial and error, a predetermined time for digestion can thus be designed in the paper by experiment with these parameters.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in detail herein, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (74)

A low ignition tendency cigarette having a self-extinguishing cigarette wrap capable of self-extinguishing a cigarette, comprising: storing oxygen together with a cigarette wrap to support and maintain free burning of the self-extinguishing cigarette wrap, while maintaining a low ignition tendency of the self extinguishing cigarette wrap And a provided metal oxide. The method of claim 1, Tobacco rod and Wrap the cigarette rod and have a wrapper with base permeability, Rolled paper By including untreated areas and one or more separate areas treated with a composition for reducing base permeability, the coals of burning cigarettes proceed forward along the treated areas, allowing the cigarettes to self-extinguish if placed on the surface, and the improvement is : And the composition comprises having oxygen storage and providing metal oxide to support and maintain the burning coal as it travels along the treated area. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the one or more separate regions are one or more bands surrounding the wrapper, the bands formed from a free burn rate control composition to provide a low ignition tendency cigarette, the composition comprising a porous reducer and an oxygen storage And a providing metal oxide. 2. The tobacco rod of claim 1 comprising a tobacco rod wrapped with a cigarette wrapper, the wrapper having a low porosity level for self-extinguishing a burnt tobacco rod, the wrapper along the periphery region of the oxygen storage and providing metal oxides. A cigarette characterized by having a peripheral region of oxygen storage and providing metal oxide to support a free combustion rate that maintains free combustion of the tobacco rod. A method of extinguishing a cigarette of claim 3 when settled on a surface, the method comprising the burning of burning cigarette coal, if it remains on the surface, into the band of cigarette wrap that reduces the free burning rate to the level of self-extinguishing the cigarette. Permitting to burn, said band containing said oxygen storage and providing metal oxide in an amount that supports free combustion of said burning coal proceeding through said band while maintaining the self-extinguishing properties of said cigarette wrap. Characterized in that the method. A self-extinguishing cigarette paper, characterized in that it comprises oxygen storage and providing metal oxides to support and maintain free burning of the self-extinguishing cigarette, while maintaining a low ignition tendency of the self-extinguishing cigarette paper. The method of claim 6, wherein the wrapper has a base permeability, the wrapper Untreated area, The composition for reducing base permeability comprises one or more separate areas treated so that when the coal of the burning cigarette proceeds forward along the treated area, the cigarette will self-extinguish if placed on the surface, and the composition may store oxygen and A self-extinguishing cigarette wrapper, characterized in that it supports and maintains the burning coal as it travels along the treated area. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the one or more separate regions are one or more bands surrounding the wrapper, wherein the bands are formed from a free burn rate controlling composition to provide a low ignition tendency cigarette, the composition comprising a porous reducer and an oxygen storage And a providing metal oxide. 7. The storage of claim 6 wherein said wrapper has a low porosity level for self-extinguishing a burnt tobacco rod, said wrapper storing and providing said oxygen to support a free burn rate that maintains free burning of the tobacco rod along said region. A self-extinguishing cigarette wrapper having a peripheral region of a metal oxide. In self-extinguishing low ignition tendency cigarettes, oxygen storage and provision metal oxides are used in conjunction with cigarette wraps to support and maintain free burning of self-extinguishing cigarettes while maintaining the low ignition tendency of self-extinguishing cigarettes. A tobacco rod having a tobacco density capable of self-extinguishing the cigarette, wherein the wrapper has said region to support a free burn rate that maintains free burning of the cigarette along the surrounding region of oxygen storage and providing metal oxides Use, characterized in that. 10. The method of any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, or 9, wherein the wrapper comprises a porosity reducing agent that lowers the porosity of the wrapper to a level that self-digests the cigarette. Invention. 12. The method of claim 3, 5, 8 or 11, wherein the porosity reducing agent is a metal oxide, starch, metal salt, soybean, guar gum, calcium carbonate, zeolite, mixed metal oxide, poly Inventive, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of vinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, casein, bonded clay, inorganic binder, ground fiber, single crystal mineral base material, non-combustible activated carbon and mixtures thereof. 12. The method according to any one of claims 3, 5, 8 or 11, wherein the porosity reducing agent is an additional layer of cellulose on the wrapper, wherein the additional layer is in the form of a band surrounding the periphery around the wrapper. Invention characterized. 6. The invention of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the cigarette rod is shorter than conventional cigarette rod lengths while providing a conventional number of sucks. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide is an oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides, solid solutions of mixed metal oxides, and mixtures thereof. Invention. The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cigarette paper is non-flammable or combustible. 16. The invention of claim 15, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides of IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII, Group IB metals and mixtures thereof. 18. The invention of claim 17, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, silver, manganese, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and tungsten. 16. The invention according to claim 15, wherein the rare earth metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, lanthanide metal oxides and mixtures thereof. 20. The invention according to claim 19, wherein the lanthanum-based metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. 21. The invention of claim 20, wherein the ceria sol is a precursor to cerium oxide. 16. The cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / Zirconium / neodymium mixed oxides and mixtures thereof. The invention according to claim 22, wherein the solid solution is high surface area porous fine particles. 24. The invention of claim 23, wherein the solid solution is a cerium / zirconium mixed oxide having a ratio in the range of about 5: 95 to about 95: 5. The invention of claim 24 wherein the ratio is about 75:25 and the particle size is about 6 μm to 10 μm. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, or 9, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide is a coating on the cigarette paper, impregnated in the cigarette paper, or during cigarette paper manufacture. Invention characterized in that it is incorporated in the cigarette paper. 14. The method of any one of claims 3, 5, 11, 12, or 13, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide and the porosity reducing agent are a coating on the cigarette paper, impregnated in the cigarette paper, or manufacturing a cigarette wrapper. The invention characterized in that it is incorporated into the cigarette paper during. 16. The invention of claim 15, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxides are finely divided particulates having an average particle size of less than about 30 microns. A low live tobacco smoke cigarette having a low ignition tendency, the cigarette comprising a wrapper around the tobacco rod, the wrapper reducing the live tobacco smoke from the burning cigarette and providing oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalysts and essentially non- And a composition comprising a combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct, wherein the live tobacco smoke reducing composition reduces the porosity of the wrapper to make the cigarette self-extinguishing, and the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst comprises the cigarette wrapper A low live tobacco smoke cigarette, characterized in that the amount of support for the free burning of the cigarette while maintaining the self-extinguishing. A low live tobacco smoke wrap with a composition that reduces live tobacco smoke from a burning cigarette and combines an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst with an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst, The live tobacco smoke reduction composition reduces the porosity of the wrapper to make the cigarette self-extinguishing, and the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst is an amount that supports free burning of the cigarette while maintaining the self-extinguishability of the wrapper. Low smoke cigarettes. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst is in every corner of the wrapper. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the peripheral region of the wrapper has the oxygen storage and donor metal oxide catalyst. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the porosity of the wrapper is less than 10 Coresta units. 31. The method of claim 29 or 30, wherein the adduct is selected from the group consisting of clays, essentially non-combustible milled fibers, single crystal mineral based materials, essentially non-combustible activated carbons, zeolites and mixtures thereof. invent. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides, solid solutions of mixed metal oxides, and mixtures thereof. 36. The invention of claim 35, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides of IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII, Group IB metals and mixtures thereof. 37. The invention of claim 36, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, silver, manganese, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and tungsten. 36. The invention of claim 35, wherein the rare earth metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, lanthanide-based oxides, and mixtures thereof. The invention according to claim 38, wherein the lanthanum-based metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. 40. The invention of claim 39, wherein the ceria sol is a precursor to cerium oxide. 40. The metal or metal oxide oxidation catalyst of claim 39, wherein the metal or metal oxide oxidation catalyst is used in conjunction with the cerium oxide, wherein the metal or metal oxide is selected from the group of precious metals, transition metals, rare earth metals, oxides of metals from groups IIA, IVA and mixtures thereof. Invention characterized in that. 42. The invention of claim 41 wherein the selected metal or metal oxide is platinum, palladium, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, silver oxide or mixtures thereof. 36. The invention of claim 35, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst for solid solution is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. 44. The invention of claim 43, wherein the mixed metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, titanium oxide, and mixtures thereof. 45. The invention of claim 44, wherein the solid solution of mixed metal oxide further comprises an oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. 46. The solid solution of claim 45 wherein the solid solution of mixed metal oxide is cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum Invention selected from the group consisting of / praseodymium mixed oxides, cerium / zirconium / neodymium mixed oxides and mixtures thereof. 47. The invention of claim 46 wherein the solid solution is high surface area porous particulates. 48. The invention of claim 47, wherein the solid solution is a cerium / zirconium mixed oxide having a ratio in the range of about 5: 95 to about 95: 5. 49. The invention of claim 48, wherein the ratio is about 75:25 and the particle size is about 6 microns to 10 microns. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the catalyst is present in an amount that supports free combustion for at least about 2 minutes and self extinguishes in less than about 4 minutes. 30. The invention of claim 29, wherein the cigarette tobacco rod is shorter than conventional tobacco rod lengths while providing conventional sucking force. 40. The invention of claim 39, wherein the first amount of cerium oxide in the treatment composition is the adduct and the second amount of cerium oxide in the treatment composition is the catalyst. 31. The method of claim 29 or 30, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst and the essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst are coated on the cigarette paper and impregnated in the cigarette paper. Or is incorporated into the cigarette paper during manufacture of the cigarette paper. 31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, which is selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and mixtures thereof. Invention, characterized in that it further comprises a re-modifying material. 47. The invention of claim 46, wherein said oxygen storage and provision metal oxide and said adduct are said high surface area cerium / zirconium mixed oxide. 56. The invention of claim 55, wherein zirconium oxide and / or zeolite are used in combination with the cerium / zirconium mixed oxide. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the adduct has an average particle size of less than about 30 microns. 31. The invention of claim 29 or 30, wherein the adduct is a high surface area material having a surface area of greater than about 20 m ² / g and an average particle size of at least about 1 μm. 35. The invention of claim 34, wherein the zeolite is selected from the group consisting of silicalite zeolite, faujasite, X, Y and L zeolite, beta zeolite, mordenite zeolite, ZSM zeolite and mixtures thereof. 36. The invention of claim 35, wherein the oxygen storage and providing metal oxides are finely divided particulates having an average particle size of less than about 30 microns. 36. The invention of claim 35, wherein the oxygen storage and donor metal oxide particles have a particle size of less than about 1.0 micron when the oxygen store and provide metal oxide particles are fixed to the surface of the adduct. A double wrap self-extinguishing cigarette having inner and outer wrappers, One of said inner and outer wrappers supports and maintains free burning of self-extinguishing cigarettes while maintaining the low ignition tendency of the self-extinguishing cigarette wrappers, including oxygen storage and providing metal oxides. 63. The cigarette of claim 62, wherein the inner wrapper comprises a live tobacco smoke reducing composition and the outer wrapper comprises the oxygen storage and providing metal oxide. 63. The method of claim 62, wherein the inner wrapper has a low porosity to self-extinguish a burning cigarette tobacco rod and the outer wrapper maintains free combustion of the tobacco rod along a peripheral region of oxygen storage and providing metal oxides. And a peripheral area of oxygen storage and providing metal oxide for supporting the cigarette. 65. The method of claim 64 wherein the inner wrapper is a metal oxide, starch, metal salt as a reconditioner, soybean, guar gum, calcium carbonate, zeolite, mixed metal oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, casein, bonded clay, inorganic binder And a porous reducer selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof. 66. The cigarette of claim 65, wherein the inner wrapper has a live tobacco smoke reduction composition that reduces the porosity of the inner wrapper to a level that provides self-extinguishing. 67. The cigarette of claim 66, wherein the live tobacco smoke reduction composition comprises an oxygen storage and providing metal oxide catalyst in combination with an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adduct for the catalyst. 68. The cigarette of claim 67 wherein the porosity of the inner wrapper is less than 10 Coresta units. 69. The cigarette of claim 68, wherein the adduct is selected from the group consisting of clay, essentially non-combustible milled fiber, single crystal mineral based material, essentially non-combustible activated carbon, and mixtures thereof. 68. The cigarette of claim 67 wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides, solid solutions of mixed metal oxides, and mixtures thereof. 70. The cigarette of claim 70, wherein said rare earth metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, lanthanide-based oxides, and mixtures thereof. 72. The cigarette of claim 71 wherein the lanthanum-based metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, and mixtures thereof. 73. The cigarette of claim 72, wherein the ceria sol is a precursor to cerium oxide. 71. The method of claim 70, wherein the solid solution of mixed metal oxide is cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum A cigarette characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of / praseodymium mixed oxides, cerium / zirconium / neodymium mixed oxides and mixtures thereof.