KR20040037091A - Wind power machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to wind power generators used to produce energy, having consumables (15), in particular generators, having one or more rotor elements (5) which can be driven by wind and connected directly or indirectly thereto. Has (16). According to the invention, one or a plurality of hydraulic pumps 7 are driven by the rotor element 5 directly or indirectly.

Description

Wind Power Generators {WIND POWER MACHINE}

Such wind turbines are commercially available in many different forms and embodiments and are used to produce energy, in particular electrical energy. Typical wind turbines are generally formed from pylons, which can be equipped with tower attachments to rotate. A generator, possibly a transmission and a rotor element connected to it, are mounted to this tower attachment.

The rotor element is driven by wind and transmits rotational motion directly to the generator, possibly via an intermediate transmission.

This has the disadvantage that the generator, especially a very high power generator, has a very high level of weight and a very large wind turbine with a high tower and very strong vibrations often occur when the wind load is large and the wind turbine switch must be switched off. .

Another disadvantage is that the heavy weight of the generator makes it more difficult to install, especially since expensive cranes are needed to equip the tower with tower attachments.

There is also a disadvantage that the maintenance work for the generator and, if appropriate, the intermediate powertrain element is done in the tower attachment and the maintenance worker has to enter the tower attachment, which is time consuming. Spare parts must also be transported into the tower attachment.

Another drawback of typical wind turbines or wind parks is that the very high rotational speed of the rotor element at high wind speeds requires that the wind turbine be switched off to prevent the wind turbine from vibrating in a correspondingly dangerous manner. will be.

Furthermore, as is evident in the Weibull distribution, only very specific wind spectra or ranges are used to properly convert to power output, which is a disadvantage. Another disadvantage is that only very specific portions of energy are used by typical techniques. In addition, such a wind turbine must be particularly clearly regulated with respect to the rotation of the tower attachment, which includes cost and control complexity.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to wind power machines for energy production, in which one or more rotor elements that can be driven by the wind, and external loads, in particular connected directly or indirectly to it, are generators. Has)

1 shows a side view schematically illustrating a wind power generator according to the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a side view schematically illustrating a number of wind power generators.

3 shows a schematic plan diagram of several wind power generators.

4 shows a side view schematically illustrating another embodiment of the wind power generator shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic explanatory side view of the wind power generator shown in FIG. 4 connected to several generators or output loads.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic plan view of another embodiment of several wind turbines as another embodiment of that shown in FIG. 3.

The present invention is based on the object of providing a wind turbine of the type which can overcome the disadvantages mentioned at the outset, and in a cost-effective and effective way, the amount of energy obtained from the wind by the wind turbine is greatly increased, The overall efficiency of the wind turbine is improved. Another goal is to minimize maintenance, production and installation costs, and to extend the power output and the life of the wind turbine.

This object is achieved by the construction of independent claims 2 and 3 which differ from the construction of claim 1.

In the present invention, the rotor element is connected directly to a hydraulic pump or in each case by means of an intermediate transmission. The rotational movement of the rotor element is converted from the hydraulic pump to hydraulic pressure, which is passed to the output load via a line, preferably routed from the tower of the wind turbine to its bottom area. The hydraulic pressure is preferably supplied to the transducer, which converts from hydraulic pressure into pressure energy, which is made in rotary motion to drive any desired output load, and is preferably a generator. The hydraulic fluid is fed back to the hydraulic pump in the tower attachment via a suitable return line.

These hydraulic pumps are significantly smaller, more cost-effective and easier to produce and operate than typical wind turbines with generators in tower attachments. The hydraulic pump can thus be very easily inserted into the tower attachment of the wind turbine, virtually maintenance free and the rotor element can be connected to the rotating shaft.

One advantage of the present invention in this case is that the output load can be placed close to the ground area of the ground or tower, or a ground area away from the tower, which may be any desired output load but is preferably a generator.

The output load can be easily maintained and replaced if necessary for wear.

A more important advantage is that more than one wind turbine, possibly also of different types or wind parks, can be connected to a single converter and a single output load, in particular a generator, so that only one generator is provided to produce electrical energy from the hydraulic pump. It can be converted into pressure energy.

This allows the wind park to be designed, operated and maintained at a very low cost.

Furthermore, it has been found that it is advantageous to insert a limiting element in a line to limit the rotational speed of the rotor element with respect to the control purpose, in particular the critical rotational speed, in which the critical rotor element speed flows through the restriction. It can be adjusted by what can be adjusted by speed. This allows the rotor element to be braked very easily, without wear and at low cost. This is expensive, heavy and eliminates the need for typical brakes.

Inserting a controllable valve in the line as well as the return line, or possibly the hydraulic pump itself, makes it possible for the rotor element to be equipped so that it cannot rotate, and the wind turbine is a simple and cost-effective way to The switch can be left on without wear. This is also within the scope of the present invention.

The scope of the invention is also intended to cover the fact that, for example, a pump can be connected to the output load. For example, this pump pumps water into a reservoir at a high energy level, for example to drive a turbine at a low level, and a generator for generating electricity by this water at a peak load time, for example at a high energy level. Is connected to. As an example, this allows energy to be supplied very quickly at peak load times, for example if the wind turbine emits a relatively low power output. Thus, overall, wind power generators, in particular wind parks, can be designed to enable wind power generators or wind parks to exert influence in case of different power levels, wind, wind shortages or peak load times.

With the present invention, it has been particularly found that two or more hydraulic pumps can be combined with a single wind turbine, in which case the hydraulic pumps can be subdivided into different power (power) groups if necessary. Each hydraulic pump can be driven or controlled based on the rotational speed or as a function of the power output of the rotor element so that the rotor element can be driven even by very high wind speed or very low wind speed, and the estimated rotation speed Can be adjusted in particular on the basis of pumps that can be adjusted and connected. This makes it possible to optimize the energy output in relation to the Weibull distribution, so that the optimum yield and the conversion of wind energy are possible over a wide range.

Furthermore, there is an advantage in that it is possible to supply more than one output load, or generator, from one or more wind turbines, so that the output load or generator can, if necessary, countercurrently on the basis of a corresponding power-output suitable or pressure-fit basis. Can be operated with a transducer. In this case, for example, the generator can be supplied at wind power in different power output levels and in different qualities, for example 100 kW, 250 kW, 350 kW, etc., and can be directly connected to several wind power generators, thus providing a relatively low Small generators with power loads can operate optimally and have optimized efficiency for low power output ranges when there is little wind. This is also intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the very light tower attachment 4 does not need to be aligned in such a way as to be reliably controlled by means of an electric motor or wind and the like, but it is mechanically and possibly of rudder control. One can find the advantage that it means that it can be operated by means.

Further advantages, configurations and details of the invention will become more apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generator R ₁ according to the present invention has a tower 1 installed in the base 2. The tower 1 places the tower attachment 4 through the bearing element 3 so that it can rotate, and the tower attachment 4 is equipped with one or more rotor elements 5.

The rotor element 5 is driven by the wind, causing it to rotate about the rotor axis 6.

According to the invention, the rotor shaft 6 and thereby the rotor element 5 are connected to a hydraulic pump 7. The rotational movement of the rotor element 5 and the rotor shaft 6 causes the hydraulic pump 7 to be driven to create hydraulic pressure, which is passed through the first line 8. The return line 9 is thus also connected to the hydraulic pump 7.

The line 8 and the return line 9 between the hydraulic pump 7 preferably pass through a coupling 10, which carries out some rotational movement of the tower attachment 4 relative to the rigid tower 1. Compensate or even out.

The limiting element 11, in particular the controllable limitation, is a connection device although the controllable valve 12 is also inserted into the line 8 in close proximity to the base 2 as additionally or alternatively as shown in FIG. 1. It is preferably inserted into the line 8 between the 10 and the hydraulic pump 7.

It is also intended to be within the scope of the present invention that the pressure homogeneous device 13, in particular the pressure homogenous vessel, be inserted into the line 8. Line 8 or return line 9 is preferably connected to an externally mounted transducer 14, which is connected to an output load 15 or generator 16, as illustrated in FIG. 1, The transducer 14 converts the pressure energy produced by the hydraulic pump 7 into rotational motion to drive the output load 15, and preferably drives the generator 16 to produce electricity. The generator 16 may pass the produced energy through a network feeder 17. In this case, the invention also intends to include or accept the goal of aligning the output load 15, in particular the generator 16, in the tower 1.

A more important configuration of the invention is that the output load 15 or generator 16 can be installed near the base 2 area of the tower 1 or externally away from the tower 1. Since the hydraulic pump 7 is considerably lighter than a typical generator, this in particular significantly reduces the weight of the tower attachment 4.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the limiting element 11 allows the flow rate in the line 8 to be precisely controlled. This makes it possible for example to adjust or limit the critical speed of the rotor element 5. The limiting element 11 connected to a controller not illustrated here can thus brake the rotor element 5, in particular by limiting the flow through the hydraulic pump 7.

Switching off, for example for maintenance purposes, is also easily feasible, for example by closing the valve 12, via an adjustment device not illustrated here, so that the rotor element 5 and thus the hydraulic pump 7 Stop in this way.

In this case, it is also within the scope of the present invention that the valve 12 is inserted into the line 8 and / or the return line 9, for example, between the connecting device 10 and the hydraulic pump 7. The present invention is not limited thereto.

In order to compensate for vibrations in the high wind loads on the line 8 and / or the return line 9 and the rotor element 5, a pressure homogenizing vessel 13 is preferably inserted into the return line 9. Turned out to be an advantage.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2, many wind turbines R ₁ , R ₂ are located at the base 2 of the wind park, in which case another type of wind turbines R ₁ , R ₂ It is also within the scope of the present invention that the) may be operated in the manner described above. In this case, the wind power generator R ₂ will have a rotor element 5 which rotates radially around the tower 1 and drives the hydraulic pump 7 in the manner described above.

Corresponding line 8 and return line 9 are for example two or more wind power generators R ₁ , R ₂ for at least one converter 14 for output load 15, preferably generator 16. So that the overall costs for the wind park can be significantly reduced by using fewer generators 16 or just a single generator 16 when using two or more wind turbines R ₁ , R ₂ . There will be.

The embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 shows how a common supply line 18 in which two or more wind turbines R ₁ , R ₂ are connected to the converter 14 via lines 8, 9 in parallel. And a connection to the common return line 19.

It also provides, for example, a pressure uniformity between the respective wind power generators R ₁ , R ₂ to provide a constant pressure on the converter 14 and a constant driving force for driving the output load 15 or the generator 16. Makes it possible to provide a level.

It is also possible for two or more transducers 14 with generators 16 connected to the transducers to be connected to two or more wind turbines to produce very high output power levels.

It is also intended to connect two or more output loads 15 or generators 16 to the transducers 14 for execution. The present invention is not limited thereto.

In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, the wind power generator R ₃ is described almost correspondingly to the wind power generator R ₁ shown in FIG. 1.

The difference is that the wind turbine R ₃ has two or more associated hydraulic pumps 7 in the tower attachment 4.

In this case the respective hydraulic pumps are connected to the rotor shaft 6 of the rotor element 5 and are preferably via a common power transmission element 22.

Gear belts, spearveld gears, gear wheels and the like are used as the transmission element 22 to directly or select the respective hydraulic pumps 7 as the rotational movement of the rotor shaft 6 of the rotor element 5. To be linked or combined at a stepwise rate as much as possible.

However, one important factor in the context of the present invention is that each hydraulic pump 7 is optional depending on the rotational speed of the rotor element 5 via the governing device 20 which is preferably provided in the tower attachment 4. It can be connected to.

A more important feature of the invention is that the respective hydraulic pumps 7 are provided at different power levels, for example in the wind turbine R ₃ or the tower attachment 4.

This means that the rotor element 5 can always be operated at the estimated rotational speed which can be selected, thus this also allows for optimum use in areas with high wind strength. This makes it possible to avoid the high rotational speed of the rotor element 5 so that the rotational speed of the rotor element 5 can be controlled or optimally limited in all wind intensity ranges so that the amount of power output is in all wind intensity ranges. Is optimized. All hydraulic pumps from one can also be connected in combined form for this purpose.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5, a similar embodiment can be used to show that two or more output loads 15 or generators 16 can be connected to at least one wind turbine R ₃ , with each output The load 15 or generators 16 are connected via the regulators 21 illustrated here and the common line 8 or return line 9 of the wind turbine R ₃ is a common supply line 18 and It is connected via a common return line 19.

In this case also, for example, different output loads 15 or generators 16 with different output power levels can be selectively connected, in particular depending on the power output of at least one wind turbine R ₃ . The power output is supplied to supply line 18 and return line 19 in the form of a pressurized medium with the ability to be adjusted via the common monitoring unit 23 based on the output.

This ensures that only one output load 15 or generator 16 whose power output is low when the wind intensity is very low is supplied so that even in this case the power output, in particular the generator, is used in an optimized way.

In this case, the two or more output loads 15 or generators 16 are individually connected to the two or more hydraulic pumps 7 and the wind turbines of R ₁ to R ₃ via the regulating device 21 as described in FIG. 6. In which case each wind turbine of R ₁ to R ₃ can be regulated based on wind-specificity via two or more hydraulic pumps to produce an optimized power output, in which case the power-output specific output load The 15 and / or generators 16 can be connected together, individually and in particular to be adjustable and optional via the adjusting device 21, which is also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Code list

One tower 34 67 2 Base 35 68 3 Bearing element 36 69 4 Tower attachment 37 70 5 Rotor element 38 71 6 Rotor shaft 39 72 7 Hydraulic pump 40 73 8 line 41 74 9 Return line 42 75 10 Connection 43 76 11 Constraints 44 77 12 valve 45 78 13 Pressure uniform device 46 79 14 converter 47 15 Output load 48 R ₁ Wind power machine 16 generator 49 R ₂ Wind power machine 17 Network feeder 50 R ₃ Wind power machine 18 Common supply line 51 19 Common return line 52 20 Discipline 53 21 Regulator 54 22 Transmission device element 55 23 Monitoring unit 56 24 57 25 58 26 59 27 60 28 61 29 62 30 63 31 64 32 65 33 66

Claims (21)

A wind turbine for energy production with one or more rotor elements 5 driven by wind and an output load 15, in particular a generator 16, directly or indirectly connected to the rotor element 5. Be, Wind power generator, characterized in that the rotor element (5) drives one or more hydraulic pumps (7) directly or indirectly. A wind turbine for energy production with one or more rotor elements 5 driven by wind and an output load 15, in particular a generator 16, directly or indirectly connected to the rotor element 5. Be, Two or more hydraulic pumps 7 are connected via one or more regulators 20 as a function of the level of power output of the rotor element 5, in particular as a function of torque or rotational speed of the rotor element 5. Wind power generator, characterized in that can be connected. A wind turbine for energy production with one or more rotor elements 5 driven by wind and an output load 15, in particular a generator 16, directly or indirectly connected to the rotor element 5. Be, One or more wind turbines or two or more hydraulic pumps 7 are characterized by operating two or more generators 16 and / or output loads 15 in a manner that can be adjusted as a function of power output level. Wind power machine. The method of claim 3, The one or more generators 16 and / or the output load 15 are subdivided into different power levels and according to the power drawn by the one or more wind power generators R ₁ to R ₃ , the one or more regulators 21. Wind power generator, characterized in that it can be distributed to one or more generators (16) and / or output loads (15) on a power-output specificity basis. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Two or more wind turbines have two or more hydraulic pumps 7 which can be connected and which can be connected and regulated to supply two or more generators 16 and / or output loads 15 based on power-specificity. Wind power generator characterized in that. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, Two or more hydraulic pumps 7 can be selectively connected via controllable regulators 20 for power optimization, the hydraulic pumps 7 being arranged at different power levels in the tower attachment 4. A wind power generator characterized by. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The transmission element 22 is characterized in that a wind turbine is connected between the rotor element 5 and the hydraulic pumps 7 to drive two or more hydraulic pumps 7 in the tower attachment 4. . The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, Two or more generators 16 and / or output loads 15 may monitor the monitoring unit 23 to different power output levels of one or more wind power generators R ₁ to R ₃ , in particular one or more hydraulic pumps 7. Wind turbine, characterized in that in each case is individually controllable and at least in part a function of power output and / or pressure. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The hydraulic pump 7 is characterized in that it is connected to the output load 15 and in particular the generator 16 and drives it. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, The output load 15 is particularly characterized in that the generator 16 can be driven by the rotor element 5 via a wind power generator, in particular a hydraulic pump 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, Two or more individual wind turbines R ₁ , R ₂ are connected to the common output load 15, in particular to the common generator 16, by means of hydraulic pumps 7 connected to the rotor elements 5. A wind turbine which can be connected and drives it. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11. The hydraulic pump 7 is directly connected to the rotor element 5 and to the transducer 14 for the generator 16 via lines 8, 9 and the transducer 14 connects the generator 16. Wind power generator, characterized in that for driving. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, Controllable limiting element 11 and / or controllable valve 12 are characterized in that they are inserted in one or more lines 8, 9 simultaneously or for braking for open-loop and / or closed-loop adjustment. Wind power machine. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, The at least one pressure homogeneous device 13, in particular a pressure uniform vessel for pressure and / or vibration uniformity, is inserted between the hydraulic pump 7 and the output load 15, especially the generator 16. Wind power machine. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, The rotor element (5) is characterized in that it drives the hydraulic pump (7) through the rotor shaft (6). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, The wind turbine has a tower (1) with a tower attachment (4) rotatable at its end and a rotor element (5) mounted on the tower attachment (4) that can rotate and is connected to a hydraulic pump Wind power generators. The method of claim 16, The lines 8, 9 are passed through the connecting device 10 so that they are aligned through the tower 1 in the tower 1, on the tower 1 or externally away from the tower 1. The wind power generator, characterized in that the load 15 is specifically separated in terms of rotation into the generator 16. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 17, Wind turbine, characterized in that two or more hydraulic pumps (7) for different wind turbines (R ₁ , R ₂ ) can be connected to one or more generators (16). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, Two or more wind power generators R ₁ , R _{2 are} connected via a line 8 and a return line 9 to a common supply line 18 and a common return line 19, respectively, with one or more transducers 14 thereon. Wind power generator, characterized in that one or more output loads (15) and / or generators (16) can be connected to the converter (14). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, Output load 15 is a wind power generator, characterized in that for supplying a high level of water to the reservoir in the form of a pump. The method of claim 20, The reservoir at the high level is connected to a turbine at the lower level to drive the generator 16.