KR20020056655A - solar energy hot house using condensed heat of gravels - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A green house is provided in which hot air inside the green house heated through the day during the winter season is blown into a gravel layer in a thermal storage part disposed at the lower part thereof and hot air generated from the gravel layer is blown inside the green house at night. It permits reduction of heating expenses and easy cultivation of plants without special air conditioning equipment. CONSTITUTION: This green house(100) comprises: a thermal storage part(7) containing a bottom body(3) formed in ground with a specified depth, a wall body(5) formed on the bottom body and a culture soil supporting plate(6); a gravel layer(40) inserted into the thermal storage part; an inner air inducing means(19) of adjustable height which is connected through the thermal storage part and mounted inside the green house; and an air outflowing means(20) for outflowing air passed through the thermal storage part into the inside of the green house. The inner air inducing means contains a plurality of collapsible ducts, an inner air inducing fan and a duct opening and closing apparatus(31).

Description

Gravel Regenerative Solar Greenhouse {solar energy hot house using condensed heat of gravels}

The present invention relates to a gravel heat storage solar greenhouse using gravel, and more particularly, after the air in the greenhouse heated and heated by solar heat during the winter day to the gravel layer of the heat storage unit mounted on the bottom to increase the temperature of the gravel layer At night, the warm air from the heated regenerative gravel layer is blown into the greenhouse to improve the temperature of the greenhouse by using the solar heat supplied indefinitely, thereby reducing the frequency of using expensive heating fuels. It is possible to reduce the cost, and during summer day, the temperature inside the greenhouse is increased by solar heat, but the air inside the greenhouse is blown into the gravel layer of the heat storage unit mounted on the lower part, and the cold air of the gravel layer is blown into the greenhouse during the summer day. It can lower the temperature inside the greenhouse, it's summertime So that you could seek the effect of lowering the temperature of the greenhouse climate in the tropical nights will occur on gravel regenerative solar greenhouse that can be required it is air conditioned, and reduce the energy required for cooling.

Conventional greenhouses absorb the sun's heat during the day when solar heat is present and heat the inside of the greenhouse due to the absorbed solar heat to provide the temperature necessary for the growth of flowers or vegetables grown in the greenhouse, but the flowers and vegetables can grow well at night. Alternatively, in rainy weather, plants and vegetables grown inside the greenhouse may be verbose due to the decrease in outside temperature. The present situation is to heat the temperature inside the greenhouse using a lamp.

If you want to heat the temperature inside the greenhouse using an electric boiler or oil boiler as described above, send heat or hot water generated by using expensive electricity or by igniting expensive fuel such as petroleum or diesel. By raising the temperature inside the greenhouse so that vegetables or vegetables can grow well, as described above, the method of heating by using electricity or ignition of fuel is economical burden by having to buy expensive energy at an expensive price. Therefore, measures have been taken to reduce expensive electric and fuel costs in heating the greenhouse.

As a countermeasure, a heat storage greenhouse using solar heat has been built. A representative example is the geothermal heat exchange greenhouse by heat storage of soil heat storage and latent heat storage material inserted in the basement of the greenhouse, and many studies have been conducted in Korea.

When the soil is used as a heat storage material, since the soil has a very small porosity, a large amount of pipes must be buried underground for smooth heat exchange between air and soil.

In addition, the latent heat storage material has a disadvantage in that the installation cost of the greenhouse increases because the heat storage material itself is expensive, and a heat storage tank corresponding to the volume change caused by the corrosiveness and phase change is required, and the latent heat storage material repeats the process of heat storage and heat dissipation. Therefore, when the heat storage efficiency is lowered, the latent heat storage material has to be removed and a new latent heat storage material has to be put therein.

And all the systems of underground heat exchange greenhouses using soil heat storage and latent heat storage materials, which are the solar heat storage greenhouses to date, are intended to save only heating energy in winter. Therefore, when planting plants that are weak at high temperature during summer, a separate cooling system is installed. There is a problem, such as should.

The present invention has been proposed to solve such a conventional problem, by heating the hot air inside the greenhouse heated during the winter day to the gravel layer inserted into the heat storage portion of the lower part of the greenhouse to increase the temperature of the gravel layer is heated at night By blowing hot air generated from the gravel layer into the greenhouse, it can reduce the frequency of using expensive electricity or heating fuel by increasing the temperature of the greenhouse by using the solar heat supplied indefinitely, and consequently reducing the heating cost. Its purpose is to make this possible,

Another purpose is to allow the air inside the greenhouse heated during the summer day to pass through the gravel layer of the heat storage to blow down the air to the inside of the greenhouse to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse. Its purpose is to allow the plant's air to flow into the gravel layer and blow cold air from the gravel layer into the greenhouse so that the plants can be cultivated at high temperatures without a separate cooling system.

1 is an overall configuration of the present invention solar greenhouse

2 is a flow chart of air at the time of heat storage in the heat storage unit of the solar greenhouse of the present invention

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the duct mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the coupled duct mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention

5 is an air flow diagram in a state where the thermal insulation curtain is mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention

Figure 6a is a closed state cross-sectional view of the duct opening and closing device mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention

Figure 6b is a cross-sectional view of the open state of the duct opening and closing device mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

(3): floor (2,4): insulation

(5): wall (6): culture soil support plate

(9,29): Opening and closing lever (10,30): Opening and closing board

(11,31): Switchgear (12): Reinforcement

14: lower duct 15: intermediate duct

(17): upper duct (19): betting means

(20): air outlet means (33): air inflow means

(35): exhaust means (40): gravel layer

50: thermal insulation curtain 100: greenhouse

Referring to the configuration and operation of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the solar greenhouse of the present invention,

2 is a flow chart of air during heat storage in a heat storage unit of a solar greenhouse according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the duct mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the duct is mounted to the solar greenhouse of the present invention,

5 is an airflow diagram in a state where the thermal insulation curtain is mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention,

Figure 6a is a closed state cross-sectional view of the duct opening and closing device mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention,

Figure 6b is a cross-sectional view of the open state of the duct opening and closing device mounted on the solar greenhouse of the present invention.

In the conventional solar thermal storage greenhouse 100 to allow vegetables and flowers to be grown throughout the four seasons,

At the site where the greenhouse 100 is to be built, the trench is drilled to a predetermined depth into the basement a little wider than the floor area of the greenhouse 100, and then the foundation concrete layer 1 is formed on the underground floor, and the insulating material 2 is placed thereon. After attaching, the concrete floor 3 formed by pouring concrete to a predetermined thickness on the heat insulating material 2, and the wall 5 having a predetermined thickness formed of concrete through the heat insulating material 4 on the floor 3 ), A heat storage unit 7 in which gravel is inserted into a space between the bottom body 3 and the culture soil support plate 6 supporting the plant culture soil, and a heat storage unit 7 at an upper end of the heat storage unit 7. In communication with), a duct opening and closing device 11 having an opening and closing plate 10 which is operated by the bet-flow inlet fan 8 and the opening / closing lever 9 is mounted, and a lower duct having a reinforcing rod 12 formed thereon. 14) and the upper duct 15 is formed in the upper end of the reinforcing rods (12) is combined with the adjustment screw (13), And a bet on the top of the duct 15, inlet 16 with an opening of the upper duct (17), the adjustment screw 13, a plurality of bet made by combining the intermediate duct 15 to the inlet means 19,

The other side of the heat accumulator 7 is provided with an air outlet fan 18 attached to communicate with the heat accumulator 7 and the duct opening and closing device 11 having an opening and closing plate 10 operated by the opening and closing lever 9. And a plurality of air outlet means 20 is coupled to the short duct 37,

One side of the lower portion of the wall 5 of the greenhouse outside the greenhouse 100 is a short duct 38 communicating with the heat storage unit 7, and an outside air inflow fan 32 and opening and closing at an end of the duct 38. A plurality of external air inflow means 33 equipped with a duct opening and closing device 31 having a plate 30 and an opening and closing lever 29;

The other side of the lower part of the wall 5 of the greenhouse 100 has a short duct 39 communicating with the heat storage unit 7, an exhaust fan 34, an opening and closing plate 30, and an opening / closing lever at the end of the duct 39. It is composed of a plurality of exhaust means 35 made of a duct opening and closing device 31 provided with (29).

The air inlet fan, the air outlet fan, the air inlet fan and the exhaust fan used in the above configuration is convenient to apply the same type of blowing fan in construction.

The operation of the present invention is as follows.

The trench is formed to have a predetermined depth underground to the site where the greenhouse 100 is to be built, and the base concrete layer 1 is formed to a predetermined thickness after the floor is selected.

Lay the insulating material 2 on the formed concrete layer, and pour concrete to a predetermined thickness thereon to form a concrete floor 3 and through the insulating material 4 to the place where the greenhouse frame is installed on the floor 3. After the wall 5 is formed of concrete, the greenhouse 100 is completed on the wall 5 with a greenhouse frame and glass.

The concrete soil plate 3 and the predetermined height of the space to support the culture soil support plate (6) to support the plant culture soil to feed the vegetables or flowers on the heat-insulated floor (3) as described above to grow nutrients It is fixedly installed on the locking jaw of the inner wall.

The heat storage portion 7 is formed in the space formed between the bottom body 3 and the culture soil support plate 6, but the filling material of the heat storage portion is not only inexpensive but also low in installation cost, and pollution-free and permanently used. Use gravel, a possible heat storage material.

Insulating the floor 3 and the wall 5 may reduce heat storage efficiency when heat loss occurs due to a difference between the ambient temperature (indicator or external temperature) of the heat storage unit 7 and the internal temperature of the heat storage unit 7. Therefore, in order to maximize the heat storage efficiency, the heat treatment is performed through the heat insulating material (2) (4) between the concrete and the concrete of the bottom 3 and the wall (5) of the heat storage unit (7).

The gravel layer 40 inserted into the thermally insulating heat storage unit 7 as described above uses the gravel having a porosity of 30 to 50%, so that heat storage and heat dissipation are efficiently performed without a separate pipe for heat exchange. It can be lost.

The upper end of one side of the heat storage unit 7 is equipped with a duct opening and closing device 11 having an opening and closing plate 10 which is operated by the opening and closing lever 9 on the internal air inflow fan 8 communicating with the heat storage unit 7. And coupled to the upper portion of the lower duct 14 is equipped with a reinforcing rod (12).

The intermediate duct 15 is connected to the lower duct 14 with the adjustment screw 13, and the upper duct 17 with the bet- inlet 16 is mounted at the end of the intermediate duct 15 with the adjustment screw 13. A plurality of internal air inflow means 19 coupled to the intermediate duct 15 is installed.

The reinforcing rod 12 and the adjustment screw 13 mounted on the lower duct 14 and the intermediate duct 15 are mounted to arbitrarily adjust the height of the duct.

In the winter operation state, the inside of the greenhouse 100 receives hot heat and the hot air rises upwards during the day, so that the duct is as high as possible in order to introduce the air of the upper layer having the highest temperature among the internal temperatures of the greenhouse 100. By installing the high temperature air to be introduced into the duct.

In addition, referring to Figure 5 at night to keep the thermal insulation curtain 50 to minimize the heat loss of the greenhouse 100, the thermal insulation curtain 50 is attached to both side walls of the greenhouse lower than the upper duct horizontally As it is installed, when hitting the insulation curtain 50 at night, the height of the duct should be adjusted to be lower than the height of the insulation curtain 50.

The thermal insulation curtain 50 is preferably installed in the thermal curtain 50 having a vertically movable configuration that can be installed as low as possible on the cultivated plants in order to increase the effect of thermal insulation in cold weather.

Therefore, the configuration capable of arbitrarily adjusting the height of the duct is one of the key features of the present invention.

If you want to adjust the height of the duct as described above, loosen the adjusting screw 13 that combines the upper duct 17 and the middle duct 15, the upper duct 17 is inserted into the middle duct 15 is the duct The height of the is to be adjusted low.

In addition, when the adjusting screw 13 which combines the intermediate duct 15 and the lower duct 14 is released, the upper duct 17 and the intermediate duct 15 inserted into the intermediate duct 15 are inside the lower duct 14. The duct height can be adjusted very low.

Reinforcing rods 12 are formed on the upper surfaces of the intermediate duct 15 and the lower duct 14 so that the intermediate duct 15 is not completely inserted into the lower duct 14 but is formed in the intermediate duct 15. The reinforcing bar is supported by the reinforcing bar 12 formed on the upper surface of the lower duct 14 so that it is no longer inserted.

On the contrary, in order to increase the height of the duct, the upper duct 17 is withdrawn from the middle duct 15, and then the adjustment screw 13 is rotated to fix the upper duct 17 to the middle duct 15, thereby increasing the height. In addition, when the height of the duct is to be installed higher, withdraw the intermediate duct 15 from the lower duct 14 and then rotate the adjustment screw 13 to fix the intermediate duct 15 to the lower duct 14 by Due to the height of the duct can rise to the ceiling of the greenhouse (100).

In the present invention, the height of the duct can be adjusted to three stages, but in one embodiment, it is also possible to install the duct to adjust to two or more than four stages.

As described above, the other side of the heat storage unit 7, which is opposite to the internal air inflow means 19 mounted to allow the air in the greenhouse 100 to flow into the heat storage unit 7 and the gravel layer 40, has the heat storage unit 7 on the other side. A duct opening / closing device 11 in which the opening / closing plate 10 is operated by the air outlet fan 18 and the opening / closing lever 9 and a plurality of air outlet means 20 coupled with the short duct 37. do.

When operating during the winter season, the outside air inlet means 33 and the exhaust means 35 ducts are closed by the switchgear 31 so that outside cold air does not flow into the greenhouse 100, and then the daytime Hot air in the greenhouse heated by solar heat is introduced into the gravel layer 40 of the heat storage unit 7 by inflowing through the air inlet means 19, and the air passing through the heat storage unit 7 is air outlet means 20. The temperature of the heat accumulator 7 is increased by flowing through the filter.

And since there is no solar heat at night, the temperature inside the greenhouse 100 is lowered so that the heat stored in the heat storage unit 7 and the gravel layer 40 inside the greenhouse to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse through the air outlet means 20. (100) It is to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse 100 by blowing hot air into the interior, the results of the experiment was analyzed to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse on average 5 ℃ at night during the winter season.

Then, when the hot air stored in the heat storage unit 7 gravel layer 40 is completely blown into the room and is equal to or lower than the temperature in the greenhouse 100, the duct opening and closing device 11 operating as the opening and closing lever 9 is opened. By rotating the opening and closing plate 10 to block the air flow path of the duct to close the duct is to prevent the cold air in the heat storage unit (7) does not flow into the greenhouse (100).

In addition, another key feature of the present invention is that it can lower the temperature inside the greenhouse 100 in summer.

In a conventional summer greenhouse, a light shielding film is installed on the greenhouse ceiling to prevent the temperature inside the greenhouse from rising due to solar heat, or to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse by separately cooling the device. However, it is limited to prevent the temperature inside the greenhouse from rising by installing only a light shielding film in the ceiling of the greenhouse in summer, and the separate cooling device in the greenhouse was expensive and the air conditioner was not applicable to the general greenhouse.

In the present invention, the configuration capable of lowering the temperature inside the greenhouse 100 in the summer season, together with the air inlet means 19 and the air outlet means 20 inside the greenhouse 100, the lower side of the outer wall of the greenhouse 100 Duct opening and closing device (31) having a short duct (38) in communication with the heat storage portion (7) and an air inlet fan (31) at the end of the duct (38), an opening and closing plate (30), and an opening / closing lever (29). Is equipped with an external air inlet means 33, and a short duct 39 communicating with the heat storage portion 7 on the other side lower portion of the outer wall of the greenhouse 100 and an exhaust fan 34 at the end of the duct 39. And the exhaust means 35 having the duct opening and closing device 31 having the opening and closing plate 30 and the opening and closing lever 29.

Looking at the operating state during the summer day, the hot air heated inside the greenhouse 100 is introduced through the bet-flow inlet means 19 and passed through the gravel layer of the heat accumulator 7 to accumulate heat in the gravel layer 40. Lowering the temperature of the air and lowering the temperature of the air flows into the greenhouse 100 to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse.

As a result, it was analyzed that the temperature inside the greenhouse is lowered by 4.3 ℃ on average during summer daytime.

By the way, in summer, it is not necessary to use the heated heat of the heat storage unit 7 gravel layer 40, so the heat of the heat storage gravel layer 40 must be discharged to the outside during the day, and the temperature outside the greenhouse 100 is high during the day. Therefore, it is preferable to discharge heat of the heat storage unit 7 at night when the external temperature is low.

When the heat stored in the gravel layer 40 of the heat storage unit 7 is to be discharged to the outside at night, the duct opening and closing device is operated by operating the opening and closing lever 29 mounted on the outside air inflow means 33 and the exhaust means 35. Opening the 31 and operating the blower fans 32 and 34 allows the cool air to flow through the outside air inflow means 33 to reduce the temperature of the heat accumulating portion 7 and the gravel layer 40 through the exhaust means 35. Hot air escapes to lower the temperature of the heat storage unit 7 gravel layer 40.

The duct opening and closing device 31 has the same configuration as the duct opening and closing device 11 in the air inlet means 19 and the air outlet means 20. When the opening and closing lever 29 is operated, the opening and closing plate 30 opens and closes the lever. Rotating by (29) to block or open the air flow path of the duct to block the flow of air or allow the air to flow,

In winter, regardless of the day and night, the outside duct opening and closing device (31) is closed and always closed so that outside cold air does not enter the greenhouse 100 through the outside air inflow means 33 and the exhaust means 35,

During the summer day, the low temperature of the heat storage unit 7 is closed through the inlet port 16 to close the duct opening and closing device 31 of the outside air inflow means 33 and the exhaust means 35 and to discharge hot air inside the greenhouse 100. Pass the gravel layer 40 of the lower the temperature of the introduced air and the air temperature is lowered through the air outlet 20 into the greenhouse 100 to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse 100, at night the heat storage unit ( 7) Opening the opening and closing device 31 of the outdoor air inlet means 33 to reduce the temperature of the heat storage unit (7) gravel layer 40 by discharging the heat accumulated in the gravel layer (40) to the outside and inflow of cold external air Passing the heat storage unit 7 lowers the temperature of the heat storage unit 7 and heat is discharged through the exhaust means 35.

Therefore, the present invention reduces the cost of installing the greenhouse by inserting gravel which is inexpensive and can be used permanently at the bottom of the greenhouse, which is insulated with heat insulator, thereby reducing the cost of installing the greenhouse, and keeping warm curtains inside the greenhouse at night in winter. Install the air inlet means and the air outlet means with the duct adjustable height to increase the warming effect, and in the summer heat storage section outside the greenhouse with the air inlet means and air outlet means inside the greenhouse for cooling in summer Equipped with external air inflow means and exhaust means for discharging the accumulated heat out of the heat storage portion to lower the temperature of the heat storage portion, according to the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse for heating in winter and cooling in summer. You can adjust the temperature inside the greenhouse arbitrarily high or low, so you can Cold with low installation costs, but help grow a small fine, but inventions that allow you to maximize the effectiveness of heating costs.

Claims (7)

Claims [1] A solar heat storage greenhouse, comprising: a heat-insulated heat storage part comprising a bottom body formed in a basement of a predetermined depth, a wall erected on a floor, and a culture soil support plate supported on the wall; A gravel layer inserted into the heat storage unit; A height-adjustable air inlet means communicating with the heat storage unit and mounted inside the greenhouse; Gravel heat storage solar greenhouse comprising an air outlet means for flowing out the air passing through the heat storage unit into the greenhouse The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet means includes a plurality of prefabricated ducts, a bet air inlet fan, and a duct opening and closing device. The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet means includes a short duct, an air outlet fan mounted on the duct end, and a duct opening and closing device. The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 1, further comprising an outside air inflow means and an exhaust means communicating with the heat storage portion outside the greenhouse. The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 4, wherein the outside air inflow means and the exhaust means are provided with a short duct, a blowing fan mounted at the end of the duct, and a duct opening and closing device. The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 2 or 3 or 5, wherein the duct opening and closing device includes an opening and closing lever and an opening and closing plate. The gravel heat storage solar greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the gravel layer has a porosity of 30 to 50%.