KR20000026781A - Method for formatting optical recording medium and managing defect region - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for formatting optical recording medium and managing defect region is provided to decrease the probability of an overflow of a DMA and improve a system performance by converting only sector number of a first sector into a G2-list of a PDL and performing a slipping alternation of 16 sectors having a defect sector. CONSTITUTION: If a simple formatting method is selected when performing a reformat(601), previous DMA information is read and defect sectors recorded in a P-list of a previous PDL is recorded in the P-list of a new PDL, and then defect sectors recorded in a G1-list of the previous PDL is recorded in the G1-list of the new PDL(602). defect sectors recorded in a G2-list of the previous PDL are recorded in the G2-list of the new PDL(603). Only sector number of a first sector of a defect block recorded in the previous SDL is recorded in the G2-list of the new PDL and a corresponding SDL entry is removed(604). If an overflow is occurred in the G2-list of the new PDL(605), residual previous entries are recorded in the new SDL entry(606). The simply formatting for converting the SDL into the G2-list of the PDL is completed(607).

Description

Formatting and defect area management method of optical recording media

The present invention relates to a method of formatting and managing defective areas of a rewritable optical record carrier.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as read-only ROM, write-once worm type, and rewritable rewritable type. Lose.

The ROM type optical recording medium may include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), and a worm type optical recording medium may be written once. Recordable Compact Disc (CD-R) and Recordable Digital Versatile Disc (DVD-R).

In addition, freely and repeatedly rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RAM, DVD-RW).

On the other hand, in the case of a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to its use characteristics, whereby the mixing ratio of the mixture constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is initially mixed It becomes different from the ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defect area formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defect area.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as a DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. The data area is divided and managed by groups, and each group is divided into a user area in which actual data is recorded and a spare area for use when a defect occurs in the user area.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk, two DMAs exist in the lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in the lead-out area. Each DMA consists of two blocks, totaling 32 sectors.

Here, the first block of each DMA (called a DDS / PDL block) includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block of each DMA (called an SDL block) is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL stores entries created during the disc creation process and entries of all defective sectors that are identified during formatting, ie, initializing and re-initializing the disc. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector as shown in Fig. 2A. The sector numbers are listed in ascending order. In addition, the entry type is the cause (Origin), one example 00b to open the P- list, 10b is G ₁ of the defective sector are sorted in a list-list if it is, 11b G _2.

That is, defective sectors defined by the disc manufacturer, for example, defective sectors created during the disc creation process, are stored in the P-list, and defective sectors found during the certification process when the disc is formatted are stored in the G ₁ -list, Defective sectors transferred from the SDL without verification are stored in the G ₂ -list.

On the other hand, the SDL is listed in units of blocks, and stores entries of defective areas that occur after the format or defective areas that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry includes an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred, an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block as shown in FIG. 2B, and an unused area ( Reserved). In addition, one bit is allocated to each entry for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM). If the value is 0b, the replacement block is assigned and there is no defect in the replacement block. 1b means that no replacement block is allocated or the allocated replacement block is defective.

In addition, a method of initializing a disk is divided into initial formatting and re-initialization. The reformatting is again performed by full formatting, such as initial formatting, and partial formatting. (partial certification) then the SDL without the verifying to the reduction in the time format of the PDL G ₂ - formatting move in list (SDL conversion of G to ₂ - list; hereinafter referred to as simple formatting) and the like. Here, the P-list does not change after any formatting, and in the case of G ₂ -list, since a defective block of the SDL is stored as a defective sector as it is, a normal sector may be included, but is regarded as a defective sector.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, the partial formatting of the P-list and the G ₁ -list before formatting remain in the P-list and G ₁ -list as it is after formatting, but the old G ₂ − before formatting. The defect blocks listed in the list and SDL are verified. After deleting all entries in the G ₂ -list and the SDL, only the defective sectors found in the verification process are registered in the G ₁ -list. This is because defective blocks in the G ₂ -list or SDL also contain sectors without defects. At this time, if an overflow occurs in the G ₁ -list, the rest is again listed in a new SDL, and null data is inserted into the G ₂ -list.

In addition, a simple or quick format for converting SDL into a G ₂ -list without verification is shown in FIG. 3B, and the sectors in the P-list, the G ₁ -list, and the G ₂ -list before formatting remain intact after the format. P-list, G ₁ -list, G ₂ -list are maintained. The old SDL entries are converted to 16 PDL entries, then the corresponding SDL entries are deleted and registered in the G ₂ -list. At this time, G ₂ - when an overflow occurs in the list G ₂ - the rest of the entry is not registered in the SDL list are left in the new (new) SDL.

Here, the overflow occurs because the number of entries that can be registered in the PDL is limited by the condition shown in Equation 1 below.

Here, S _PDL is the number of sectors used to hold the PDL entries, S _SDL is the number of sectors used to hold the SDL entries, E _PDL is the number of PDL entries, and E _SDL is the number of SDL entries. And, Denotes the largest integer not greater than P.

That is, the total number of sectors that can be used for the PDL and the SDL cannot exceed 16 sectors, and the PDL alone or the SDL alone cannot exceed 15 sectors.

Meanwhile, the defective areas (ie, defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area should be replaced with normal areas, which include a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the PDL. If a defective sector exists in a user area where actual data is recorded as shown in FIG. 4A, the defective sector is skipped. Instead, it is replaced by a good sector following the defective sector to record data.

Therefore, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped. For example, the list PDL P- or G ₁ - if two defect sectors are registered in the list data is recorded pushed up to two sectors of the spare area. And, G ₂ of the PDL - if it is a defective sector recorded in the list data is recorded to 16 sectors pushed (= one block) of the spare area.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied when the defective area is registered in the SDL. When a defective block exists in the user area as shown in FIG. 4B, the replacement of the block unit allocated to the spare area ( replacement) field to record the data. If the replacement block written in the SDL is later found to be defective, the direct pointer method is applied to the SDL registration. That is, by the direct pointer method, the defective replacement block is replaced with a new replacement block, and the SDL entry in which the defective replacement block is registered is modified with the sector number of the first sector of the newly replaced replacement block.

However, the above-described linear replacement method has to transfer the optical pickup to the spare area and then back to the user area in order to record the data of the defective block recorded in the SDL in the replacement block assigned to the spare area, and thus this process is repeated repeatedly. This can degrade the performance of the system.

Therefore, one of the reasons for reformatting is to increase the performance of the system by moving the defective sectors registered in the SDL to the PDL and reducing the continuous linear replacement.

At this time, there may be a number of reformatting methods as described above, and since the formatting is complicated, there is a tendency to simplify the formatting process as a simple format method of converting SDL into G ₂ -list without verification.

However, the defect block registered in the SDL also contains sectors without defects. The simple format of converting an SDL into a G ₂ -list without the above-described verification is to convert all sectors of the defect block registered in the SDL to a G ₂ -list of the PDL By converting, the PDL quickly approaches the condition as shown in Equation 1 above, which makes it possible to easily overflow the DMA. For example, since an SDL entry is 8 bytes and a PDL entry is 4 bytes, if one SDL entry is converted to a G ₂ -list of PDLs, the PDL requires 64 (= 4 × 16) bytes.

At this time, if the overflow occurs, the disk may not be used, so the simple format method described above has a problem of decreasing the utilization of DMA.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to format the optical recording medium converting only the sector number of the first sector of the defective block registered in the SDL into the G ₂ -list of the PDL when reformatting. In providing.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium, which when a data sector is encountered during the data recording / reproducing, meets a defective sector registered in the G ₂ -list of the PDL, by slipping and replacing 16 sectors including the defective sector.

1 is a view showing the structure of a typical optical disk

Figure 2a shows a general PDL entry structure

2b shows a general SDL entry structure

3A illustrates a partial formatting method of a general formatting method.

3B is a view illustrating a simple formatting method of converting an SDL list into a G ₂ -list without verification among general formatting methods.

4A illustrates a typical sleeping alternative method

4b illustrates a typical linear replacement method

5 illustrates an example of a PDL entry according to the present invention.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of formatting an optical record carrier according to the present invention.

7 is a flowchart showing a method for managing a defective area of an optical record carrier according to the present invention.

Formatting method of the optical recording medium according to the present invention for achieving the above object is, upon re-formatting, transferring the defect information registered in the SDL as a PDL of only the PDL first sector of the defective blocks registered in the SDL G ₂ -It is characterized by registering in the list.

A defect area management method of an optical record carrier according to the present invention is characterized in that a sleeping replacement is performed for a block including a defective sector registered in a G ₂ -list of a PDL.

The block including the defective sector is characterized in that defect sectors registered in the P-list and the G ₁ -list of the PDL are excluded.

The sectors of the block including the defective sectors are not given a logical sector number (LSN).

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention improves on a simple format method for converting SDL into a G ₂ -list of PDLs without verification. That is, when the first only simple formatting G ₂ of PDL sector number of the first sector of the defective blocks registered in the SDL, such as 5-registered in the list and the remaining 15 sectors subsequent are not registered. For example, in order to convert a single SDL entry into a G ₂ -list of PDL, 64 (= 4 × 16) bytes are required for the PDL. However, according to the present invention, only one PDL entry is required, so only 4 bytes are required. . Thus, the probability of occurrence of overflow is reduced by that much.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention showing such a formatting process. If a simple format method is selected during reformatting (step 601), the defective sectors registered in the P-list of the old PDL after reading the old DMA information are retained in the new PDL. P- registered in the list, the old PDL G ₁ - registered in the list of defective sectors as G ₁ in the new PDL - be registered in the list (step 602).

And, G ₂ of the old PDL-registers in the list (step 603) on the defective sector is also registered in the list as G ₂ in the new PDL.

In addition, the sectors in the defect blocks registered in the old SDL diagram of a new PDL G ₂ - to be converted to a list, wherein the first only G ₂ of the new PDL sector number of the first sector of the defective blocks registered in the old SDL - List Register and delete the corresponding SDL entry (step 604). That is, the defective sector registered in the G ₂ -list of the new PDL in step 603 also becomes the sector number of the first sector of the defective block.

If an overflow occurs in the G ₂ -list of the new PDL under the condition as shown in Equation 1 above (step 605), the remaining old SDL entries are registered in the new SDL entry as they are (step 606).

When the above process proceeds, simple formatting for converting the SDL into the G ₂ -list of the PDL is completed (step 607).

7 is a flowchart of the present invention for managing a defective area of an optical disc formatted in the above manner.

That is, when the system is turned on or the optical disk is loaded in the system (step 701), the initialization process reads the information of the defect sectors listed in the PDL and the defect sectors listed in the SDL from the DMA (step 702).

Therefore, since the defective areas registered in the DMA can be known, when the defective sectors registered in the P-list or the G ₁ -list of the PDL are encountered during data recording / reproducing, the data is recorded or reproduced by a slipping replacement method (step 703). That is, if a defective sector registered in the P-list or G ₁ -list is encountered during data recording, the defective sector is skipped and instead the data is recorded in a good sector following the defective sector. At this time, a logical sector number (LSN) is not assigned to the defective sector. Therefore, even during playback, data is not read from the defective sector.

On the other hand, if a defective sector registered in the G ₂ -list of the PDL is encountered during data recording / reproducing, all the sectors of one block including the defective sector are sleeped up to 15 sectors after the defective sector as the first sector. Replace (step 704). Here, the LSN is not given to the 16 sectors (= 1 block) to replace the sleeping.

At this time, the 16 sectors (= 1 block) replacing the sleeping region exclude defective sectors registered in the P-list or the G ₁ -list. If there are defective sectors registered in the P-list or G ₁ -list within 16 sectors including the defective sectors registered in the G ₂ -list, the area for sleeping replacement is widened. For example, the _second G-18 sectors including the defective sector registered in the list - if there are 2, the defective sector registered in the list of the _second G-P- list or G ₁ in the 16 sectors, including the defective sector registered in the list It will replace sleeping. That is, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area by 18 sectors skipped and eventually skipped.

On the other hand, when a defective block registered in the SDL is encountered during recording / reproducing, linear replacement is performed as shown in FIG. 4B. In the case of real-time data, another method may be used.

As described above, the present invention can more effectively manage the DMA list by changing the definition of the G ₂ -list.

As described above, according to the method for formatting an optical recording medium and managing a defective area according to the present invention, the sector number of the first sector of the defective block registered in the SDL during reformatting converts the SDL into a G ₂ -list of the PDL without verification. only the PDL of G ₂ - of the DMA, by managing the DMA list efficiently by when it comes to the defective sector registered in the list to slipping replacement for up to 16 sectors, including the defective sector-converted to a list, and the G ₂ after the recording / reproduction By reducing the probability of overflow, it increases the performance of the system.

Claims (5)

In the formatting method of the optical recording medium for transferring the defect information registered in the defect data storage unit (SDL) to the primary defect data storage unit (PDL), And registering only the first sector of the defect block registered in the defective data storage (SDL) in the primary defective data storage (PDL). The method of claim 1, And registering only the sector number of the first sector of the defective block registered in the defective data storage unit (SDL) in the G ₂ -list of the primary defect data storage unit (PDL). A method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium in which data is recorded by slipping and replacing a main defective area with an alternative area, A method for managing a defective area of an optical recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the area in which only the first sector of the defective block is registered in the defective data storage unit (PDL) is replaced with a block containing the registered defective sector. The method of claim 3, And a previously registered defect sector of the main defect data storage unit (PDL) is excluded from the block including the defect sector. The method of claim 3, And sectors of a block including the defective sectors are not assigned logical sector numbers.