KR19990068405A - Aaaaa - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-low power electronic ballast, and more particularly, to eliminate the power noise of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the high frequency interference (RFI) introduced from the input AC power source (for both 100V and 220V) and the harmonic components generated in the circuit. And filter, detect and control the fluctuating output voltage of high power DC constant voltage when the input AC power fluctuates, light the lamp by minimum distortion rate and high efficiency of high frequency voltage, and reserve the lamp filament for a preset time Since the lamp is turned on without generating a large instantaneous inrush voltage and current, it extends the life of the lamp for a long time, and detects the overvoltage and overcurrent generated by the second switching unit, when there is no lamp and when the life of the lamp is over. To stop or reactivate the ballast due to the output pulse width modulation signal voltage of the control and gate logic. , The lamp automatically detects and controls the temperature of the parts that are overheated in the ballast, and automatically turns on or off the lamp by the output voltage of the judging device which amplifies and judges the signal of the moving sensor that detects the presence or absence of human movement. Minimal malfunction and unnecessary waste with various functions of the brightness sensor which automatically adjusts the lamp brightness by adjusting the brightness of the lamp according to the brightness of internal and external light and the current classifier that senses the current of the ballast. It is the point of the ultra low-power electronic ballast that saves the power, and selects one or two lamps from the free voltage.

Description

Ultra Low Power Electronic Ballasts {AAAAA}

The present invention relates to an ultra-low power electronic ballast, which removes power noise of electromagnetic interference and high frequency interference introduced into an input AC power source and filters the power ground, and stabilizes the DC voltage by the operation of the first switching unit even when the input AC voltage is changed. High power DC constant voltage unit outputting power, reduce the power consumption of the ballast itself, and supply high efficiency and stable power to the lamp. Current sorter that filters through the ground and senses current flowing into the ballast circuit, and detects abnormal voltages and malfunctions when detecting overvoltage and overcurrent generated in the second switching unit, when there is no lamp and when the life of the lamp is over. To the control and gate logic output voltages Abnormal cutoff part to cut off the output, temperature detection part to detect the temperature of overheated parts in the ballast, and preheating the filament of the lamp in advance, so rapid blackening of the lamp due to no big instantaneous inrush voltage and inrush current The lamp is automatically turned on and off by the output voltage of the preheating and blocking timer which extends the lifespan for a long time, the movement detector which detects the presence or absence of human movement, and the amplification and discriminator. Various functions that automatically adjust the brightness of the lamp by adjusting the lamp current according to the brightness saves unnecessary wasted power, and the fluorescent lamp is turned off at the free voltage (secondary to the third transformer (T3). We have developed an ultra-low-power electronic ballast that lights up by selecting the coil (connected to L2 and L4) and the headlight (connected to L2 and L3 and L3 and L4 and the secondary coil of T3 respectively).

Conventional electronic ballasts have many harmonics that are generated when the fluorescent lamps are turned on and cause malfunctions in peripheral devices due to electromagnetic interference and high frequency interference noises. During lighting, a large instantaneous inrush voltage of 300 to 400% of the rated voltage causes rapid blackening of the fluorescent lamp, shortening the life of the lamp, and raising the internal temperature by the starting voltage transformer and heating parts that light the lamp. Parts are damaged and there is no detector to detect overvoltage and overcurrent of ballast caused by abnormal operation, and there is no blocking device to shut off ballast circuit.Therefore, there is no danger of fire and lamp is turned off by manual switch. The power dissipation in the lamp is quite large and the lamp is turned on at free voltage. There are many defects that cannot be done.

An object of the present invention uses a power filter for removing and filtering the power noise of the electromagnetic interference and high frequency interference flowing from the input AC power source, and has a filtering capacitor for filtering the harmonic components generated when the ballast operates to the power ground, Even if the input alternating voltage (for both 100V and 220V) fluctuates, the DC switching voltage (Vdc1) of high power factor (≒ 98% or higher) is output by the operation of the first switching unit. The present invention provides an ultra-low power electronic ballast having the functions of a current classifier that lights a lamp by a high frequency voltage and a minimum distortion (THD = 4% or less) of a high frequency waveform and senses a current in a ballast circuit.

Another object of the present invention has a cause of shortening the life of the lamp due to the large instantaneous inrush voltage and inrush current generated when the lamp is turned on by the existing ballast, while the newly developed ballast is a pre-set of the lamp filament Preheating and cut-off timer for preheating (0.1 ~ 1 second) prevents instantaneous inrush voltage and inrush current, reducing the occurrence of black zone in the lamp. The present invention provides an electronic ballast that can be used without frequent replacement of the fluorescent lamp.

Still another object of the present invention is to detect an overvoltage and an overcurrent generated when the lamp is turned on, and when there is no lamp, detecting an abnormal phenomenon and malfunction when the lamp is over, the electronic ballast is temporarily stopped or shut off. There is no risk of fire, and in the absence of abnormalities and malfunctions, it provides a maintenance-free electronic ballast that turns on the lamp by supplying stable high frequency power.

Still another object of the present invention is to operate the temperature sensing unit for sensing the temperature of the parts that are overheated when the electronic ballast is in operation to temporarily stop the electronic ballast (55 ℃) and the temperature of the overheated components to a predetermined temperature (35 ℃) It is to provide an electronic ballast that operates automatically upon return.

Still another object of the present invention is to detect the minute movement of a person by a movement detector that detects the presence or absence of a person moving within a certain range under the fluorescent lamp when using the electronic ballast for a long time, the lamp is turned on, the movement of the person When not in use, the lamp is automatically turned off after a predetermined time (about 20 minutes) to provide an ultra-low power electronic ballast that saves unnecessary power.

Yet another object of the present invention is to automatically control the brightness of the fluorescent lamp by controlling the current supplied to the lamp by the operation of the brightness sensor and amplification and discriminator for detecting the brightness of the external and internal light to save unnecessary waste of power. To provide an ultra low power electronic ballast.

1 is a block diagram of an ultra-low power electronic ballast of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above objects, the electronic ballast of the present invention is a common mode filter for removing and filtering the power noise of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high frequency interference (RFI) flowing from the input AC power supply (100V, 220V) A first filter 10 used;

A full-wave rectifier 20 outputting a direct-current voltage by full-wave rectifying the input AC voltage filtered by removing the power noise by the action of the first filter 10;

When the input AC power fluctuates, the first pulse width modulation PWMM1 of the control and gate logic part 33 is activated in accordance with the fluctuation voltage ΔV of the fluctuation voltage part 38 which detects the output voltage Vdc1 of the DC constant voltage. The output of the signal voltage is supplied between the second gate G2 and the second source S2 of the second transistor Q2 through the sixth resistor R6, and the second source S2 is connected to the first ground Vss1. ) Is connected to the output side 4 of the primary coil L1 of the first transformer T1 of the first switching unit 30 in the forward direction with the second drain D2 of the second transistor Q2. A high power factor (PFC) DC constant voltage unit 30 which charges the fourteenth capacitor C14 through the diode D4 to always output a stable DC constant voltage Vdc1;

A low voltage and heat detection unit 35 for stopping the output voltage of the integrated circuit when sensing the lowest voltage necessary for the operation of the integrated circuit I · C and the overheating temperature inside the integrated circuit I · C;

When detecting abnormalities and malfunctioning signal voltages generated in the first switching unit 30 and the second switching unit 50, the control and gate logic units 33 output the deactivated signal voltages to the first and second switches. An abnormal blocking unit 36 for blocking the operation of the switching units;

The abnormal breaker 36 operates when the temperature of components overheated by the first transformer T1 in the ballast and the respective thermistors THs attached to the heat sinks of the transistors Q1, Q2, and Q3 is sensed. A temperature sensing section 37 for stopping the control and output of the gate logic section 33;

A fluctuation voltage unit 38 for detecting and detecting a fluctuation voltage activated at the output of the DC constant voltage unit 30 when the input AC voltage is changed;

The first transistor Q1 of the second switching unit 50 connected to the output voltage Vdc1 of the first switching unit 30 is turned on or off, while the third transistor Q3 is turned off. When the pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage output from the control and gate logic unit 33 is input to the primary coil L1 to turn off or on, it is induced to the secondary coils L2 and L3. A second pulse transformer section 40 for separating and supplying the second pulse width modulation (PWM2 = Pa and Pb) signal voltages which are opposite to each other in the same period;

Input the positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage output from the secondary coil (L2) of the second pulse transformer (T2) between the first gate (G1) and the first source (S1) When the first transistor Q1 is turned on, the DC voltage Vdc1 supplied from the DC constant voltage unit 30 is supplied to one side 1 of the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 and the first transistor Q1 is turned on. Input the inactive negative pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage output from the secondary coil (L3) of the two-pulse transformer (T2) between the third gate (G3) and the third source (S3) When the third transistor Q3 is turned off, the third capacitor T3 is connected between the tenth capacitor C10 and the inductance L1 of the primary coil connected to the other side 2 of the primary coil L1. The resonance voltage is generated by the series resonant action, and the resonance voltage is charged to the twelfth capacitor C12 connected in series with the tenth capacitor C10, and the first transistor Q1 is turned off. 3rd Tran When the resistor Q3 is ON, the twelfth capacitor C12 also charges or resonates with a repetitive action of one cycle of discharging the voltage charged in the twelfth capacitor C12 toward the loads Q1 and Q3. A lamp for lighting and controlling the lamp by the high frequency voltage induced in the secondary coils L2, L3, and L4 by the induced voltage generated in the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 by the repeated action of discharging. 2 switching unit 50;

The first transistor Q1 has a first drain D1, a first gate G1, and a first source S1, and the first drain D1 of the first transistor Q1 has an output voltage of a DC constant voltage. And a positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage output from the control and gate logic unit 33 between the first gate G1 and the first source S1. The transistor Q1 is turned on and off, and is a first zener diode connected to a third resistor R3 connected to one side 7 of the secondary coil L2 of the second transformer T2. ZD1 maintains and supplies a constant pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage between the first gate (G1) and the first source (S1), and the other side of the secondary coil (L2) of the second pulse transformer (T2). 6, a first transistor Q1 connected to the first source S1;

The third transistor Q3 has a third drain D3, a third gate G3, and a third source S3 and is connected in series to the first source S1 of the first transistor Q1. A negative (-) output from the control and gate logic unit 33 is connected together with the third drain D3 of the transistor Q3 and one side 1 of the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3. When the pulse width modulation signal Pb is input between the third gate G3 and the third source S3, the third transistor Q3 is turned off and on, and the second transformer T2 is applied. The second zener diode ZD2 connected to the eighth resistor R8 connected to the one side 5 of the secondary coil L3 of the () is a constant pulse between the third gate G3 and the third source S3. It maintains and supplies the width modulated signal Pb, and the other side 4 and the third source S3 of the secondary coil L3 of the second pulse transformer T2 are connected together to the first ground Vss1. A third transistor Q3;

It is connected to the first ground (Vss1) through the twelfth capacitor (C12) connected in series to the tenth capacitor (C10) connected to the other side (2) of the primary coil (L1) of the third transformer (T3), The first node a connected to one side of the twelfth capacitor C12 connected in series with the tenth capacitor C10 is connected in series with one side 10 of the secondary coil L2 of the third transformer T3. It is connected to the 39th capacitor C39 to be connected together with the output terminal 4 of the lamp, and the first node a is in series with one side 8 of the secondary coil L3 of the third transformer T3. The second node b connected to the 36th capacitor C36 to be connected together with the output terminal 7 of the lamp, and the second node b connected to one side of the 11th capacitor C11 is a secondary coil (3) of the third transformer T3. It is connected with the output terminal 10 to the 38th capacitor C38 connected in series with one side 4 of L4, and the primary coil L1 and the secondary coils L2, L3, and L4 of the third transformer are connected. Harmonic components generated in the C) are the eleventh capacitor C11 and the twelfth ca The first ground Vss1 is filtered through the sheeter C12, and is connected to the second ground Vss2 through a thirteenth capacitor C13 connected in series with the first ground Vss1, so as to supply power to the input AC power supply. A third transformer T3 connected to the second filter filtered through FGND;

The second node b connected with the output terminal 10 to the 38th capacitor C38 connected in series with one side 4 of the secondary coil L4 of the third transformer T3 is an eleventh capacitor ( C11) is connected to the first ground (Vss1), the second node (b) and the case of detecting the overvoltage and overcurrent generated in the third transformer (T3) and when there is no lamp and the end of the lamp life Voltage induced at both terminals of the eleventh capacitor C11 connected in parallel with both terminals of the eighteenth diode D18 and the 44th resistor R44 connected in series between the first ground Vss1 A voltage and current sensor 60 for detecting a;

Activation of the amplification and discriminator 62 for discriminating the signal voltage of the two-stage amplifier that amplifies the weak signal voltage output from the movement detector 61 which detects the presence or absence of human movement within a certain range under the fluorescent lamp. The fluorescent lamp is turned on by the output voltage which is turned on and the lamp is turned off automatically after a preset time (20 minutes) when the output voltage is deactivated. A movement detector 61 and an amplifier and discriminator 62 for turning on a lamp;

The brightness sensor that detects the brightness of the internal and external light reduces the current supplied to the lamp when the brightness of the external light is brighter than the inside, and increases the current supplied to the lamp when the brightness of the external light is darker than the internal. A brightness sensor 63 for automatically adjusting brightness of a lamp by adding or subtracting a supplied current;

Timer and relay for connecting the activated or deactivated signal voltage to the input of the control and gate logic unit 33 by the movement detector 61, the amplification and discriminator 62, the brightness sensor 63, and the like. Drive unit 64;

A thirteenth capacitor C13 connecting harmonic components generated from the full-wave rectifier 20, the first switching unit 30, and the second switching unit 50 between the first ground Vss1 and the second ground Vss2. A filtering capacitor 70 for filtering harmonics through a power ground (F · GND) through the filter;

The current classifier 80 detects the operating current of the ballast by detecting a voltage drop of both terminals of the tenth resistor R10 connected in parallel to both terminals of the eleventh diodes D11 connected in series with the ninth diode D9.

Hereinafter, an electronic ballast of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an electronic ballast of the present invention.

In the electronic ballast of the present invention of Fig. 1, one side 1 of the input AC power source Vin flows from the input AC power source Vin through the fuse F. One terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the first varistors ZNR1 is connected to the input side 2 of the upper inductor L1 of the first filter 10 to remove and filter power noises of electromagnetic interference and high frequency interference. The output side 3 of the upper inductor L1 is connected to the full-wave rectifier 20 through a dermistor NTC1 connected to one terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3, and input AC power is supplied. The other side 2 of Vin connects the other terminals of the second capacitor C2 and the first varistor ZNR1 to the input side 1 of the lower inductor L2 of the first filter 10, and the lower inductor. The output side 4 of L2 connects the connection points of the other terminals of the fifth capacitor C5 and the third capacitor C3 with the switching switch SW1, and is connected in series with the first capacitor C1. The ground between the five capacitors C5 is the first filter 10 of the common mode filter connected to the power ground (F, GND),

The input AC power source (100V, 220V), which removes the power noise by the first filter 10, is connected to the bridge diode at 220V by the switching switch SW1, and the two electrolytic capacitors C15 connected in series at 100V. Full-wave rectifier 20 is connected to the intermediate terminal of C16, and outputs a full-wave rectified DC voltage (Vd),

The high power factor DC constant voltage unit 30 is a secondary inductor transformer whose primary coil of the first transformer T1 is a large inrush current suppressing inductor and operates an integrated circuit with voltages induced in the primary and secondary coils. , The second transistor Q2, the fourth diode D4, and the fourteenth capacitor C14, and the positive output of the full-wave DC voltage Vd is above the inrush current suppressing inductor T1. The fourth diode D4 connected to the input side 1 and connected to the second drain D2 of the second transistor Q2 in the forward direction is connected to the input side 1 of the second transistor Q2. When the first pulse width modulation PWMM signal voltage is input between the second gate G2 and the second source S2, the second transistor Q2 is turned off or on, and the second transistor Q2 is turned on. When Q2) is OFF, the full-wave DC voltage Vd is connected to the fourteenth capacitor C14 through the fourth diode D4 in the forward direction connected to the output side 4 of the inrush current suppression coil T1. On the contrary, when the second transistor Q2 is turned ON, the voltage charged in the fourteenth capacitor C14 is supplied (discharged) to the load Q1. When the input AC power Vin changes, the DC constant voltage When the variable voltage unit 38 detects the variable voltage ΔV fluctuating in the output voltage Vdc1, the first pulse width modulation PWM1 is activated to turn off or on the second transistor Q2. The first switching unit 30 always outputs a stable DC constant voltage Vdc1 due to the repetitive action of charging (OFF) or discharging (ON) also by the repetitive action of turning on (ON),

The preheating and blocking timer unit 32 is a preheating timer that preheats the filament of the fluorescent lamp for a preset time and heats the filament for a predetermined time by the output of the activated signal voltage of the blocking timer unit 32. The preheating and blocking timer unit 32, which stops the operation of the preheating timer by the output of the deactivated signal voltage of the preheating and blocking timer unit 32,

When the variable frequency oscillator 31, the preheating and blocking timer unit 32, the power factor controller 34, the low voltage and heat detector 35, and the temperature detector 37 are inputted with signal voltages during normal operation, control and gate The logic unit 33 outputs the activated second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage, and when an abnormal phenomenon occurs in any one of the above (31, 32, 34, 35, 37), the abnormal blocking unit 36 Control and gate logic unit 33, which is operated to deactivate the control and gate logic unit 33 to output the second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage.

The temperature sensing unit 37 may include the first transistor Q1 of the first transformer T1 and the first switching unit 30 and the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 of the second switching unit 50. If the first, second, third and fourth thermistors (TH1, TH2, TH3, TH4) for sensing the temperature of each of the heat sinks installed thereon are attached, the desired heat sink temperature is set to a temperature ( 35 ° C.), the ballast is stopped by the deactivated output signal voltage of the control and gate logic unit 33, and when the temperature of the heat sink is returned to the preset temperature, the activated signal voltage is output to activate the circuit again. (37)

The DC voltage charged in the fourteenth capacitor C14 has a DC voltage higher than the rectified voltage of the input AC power source Vin, and is between the output terminal Vdc1 and the first ground Vss1 of the high power factor DC constant voltage unit 30. When the variable voltage detected at both terminals of the first resistor R1, the fourth resistor R4, and the seventh resistor R7 connected in series to the seventh resistor R7 is input to the power factor controller 34, , The second transistor Q2 is turned on by the activated output of the first pulse width modulation (PWM1) signal voltage of the control and gate logic unit 33, and the first pulse width modulation (PWM1) when there is no voltage change. A variable voltage unit 38 for detecting a voltage for turning off the second transistor Q2 by the deactivated output of the signal voltage;

When the activated second pulse width modulation (PWM2 = Pa and Pb) voltages output from the control and gate logic unit 33 are input to both terminals of the primary coil L1 of the second pulse transformer T2, Coils (L2 = phase, L3 = reverse phase) output pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages of positive and negative (+) opposite to each other in the same period, and control and gate logic section 33 of the second The activated positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage induced in the secondary coil L2 of the pulse transformer T2 is the first gate of the first transistor Q1 through the third gate resistor R3. The first zener diode ZD1, which is supplied between the G1 and the first source S1 and is connected in parallel with the first gate G1 and the first source S1, has a constant voltage of the pulse width modulation signal voltage. The activated inverted pulse width modulation Pb signal voltage supplied between the first gate G1 and the first source S1 and induced in the secondary coil L3 is connected to the third gate through the eighth gate resistor R8. And the third gate G3 of the transistor Q3 The second zener diode ZD2 supplied between the third source S3 and connected in parallel to the third gate G3 and the third source S3 receives a constant voltage of the pulse width modulation signal voltage. When the second pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltage is deactivated, no induction voltage is output to the secondary coils L2 and L3. The pulse transformer T2 may include a second pulse transformer unit 40 in which each of the primary coil L1 and the secondary coils L2 and L3 is electrically insulated from each other,

The second switching unit 50 is composed of a first transistor Q1, a third transistor Q3, a third transformer T3, a tenth capacitor C10, a twelfth capacitor C12, and the like. One side 1 of the primary coil L1 of the T3 is connected together with the third drain D3 of the third transistor Q3 connected in series to the first source S1 of the first transistor Q1. The first node a connected together between the tenth capacitor C10 connected to the other side 2 of the primary coil L1 and the twelfth capacitor C12 connected in series is a third transformer T3. The inductance L1 of the primary coil of the third transformer T3 is connected to the 39th capacitor C39 connected to one side 10 of the secondary coil L2 of the lamp together with the output terminal 4 of the lamp. Induced by the secondary coils L2, L3, L4 of the third transformer T3 by the series resonance voltage induced in the primary coil L1 by the series resonance action between the component and the tenth capacitor C10. One lamp at high frequency voltage or Etc. (2) a second switching unit 50 for lighting the,

The second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage output from the control and gate logic unit 33 has pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages opposite to each other in the same period, and is equal to 1 of the second pulse transformer T2. The pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage is supplied to one side (1) of the vehicle coil (L1), and the pulse width modulation is provided to the other side (2) through a twelfth resistor (R12) connected in series with the ninth capacitor (C9). (Pb) When the signal voltage is supplied, the secondary coil L2 is applied by the second pulse width modulation PWM2 signal voltage induced at both terminals 1 and 2 of the primary coil L1 of the second pulse transformer T2. The pulse width modulation signal voltages induced at L3) output pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages that are opposite to each other in the same period, and are equivalent to the input pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage of the primary coil L1). The pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage of the phase is induced in the secondary coil L2 and is supplied between the first gate G1 of the first transistor Q1 of the high frequency power control unit 50 and the first source S1. The surface first transistor Q1 is turned on or off, and the input pulse width modulation Pb signal voltage of the other side 2 of the primary coil L1 and the pulse width modulation Pb of inverse phase are reversed. When the signal voltage is induced in the secondary coil L3 and is supplied between the third gate G3 and the third source S3 of the third transistor Q3, the third transistor Q3 is turned off or turned on. The output voltage Vdc1 of the DC constant voltage unit 30 is supplied to the first drain D1 of the first transistor Q1 by the continuous repetitive action of turning ON, and the first source of the first transistor Q1 The third drain D3 of the third transistor Q3 connected in series to S1 and one side 1 of the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 are connected to each other, and the primary coil L1 of the primary coil L1 is connected. When the other side 2 is connected to the first ground Vss1 through the twelfth capacitor C12 connected in series to the tenth capacitor C10, the third transformer is formed by the series resonance voltage generated from the primary coil L1. Induced in each of the secondary coils L2, L3, L4 of (T3) A high frequency power control section 50 for generating a voltage frequency,

When detecting the overvoltage and overcurrent generated in the third transformer (T3), if there is no lamp, detects the abnormal phenomenon when the life of the lamp is over, one side of the secondary coil (L4) of the third transformer (T3) Eighteenth connected between second node (b) and first ground (Vss1) to which output terminal 10 of lamp and eleventh capacitor (C11) are connected together to 38th capacitor (C38) connected to (4) A voltage and current sensor 60 outputting an activated abnormal signal voltage to both terminals of the 44th resistors R44 connected in series with the diode D18, and outputting an inactivated abnormal signal voltage to both terminals if there are no abnormalities. ,

It has a thirteenth capacitor (C13) of the second filter 70 for filtering the harmonic components generated when the ballast operates, and is generated in the full-wave rectifier 20, the DC constant voltage unit 30 and the high frequency power control unit 50, etc. A thirteenth capacitor (C13) for filtering harmonics by connecting harmonic components to a power ground (F, GND) of an input AC power source through a thirteenth capacitor (C13) and a second ground (Vss2) connected to the first ground (Vss1). ) The second filter 70,

The tenth resistor R10 connected in parallel to two diodes D9 and D11 connected in series to sense the current of the ballast when the full-wave rectifier 20, the first switching unit 30, and the second switching unit 50 operate. The current classifier 80 detects a voltage drop of both terminals of the current divider.

The operation of the electronic ballast of the present invention by the above configuration is as follows.

The operation of the first filter 10 is to supply power noises of electromagnetic interference and high frequency interference introduced from the input AC power source (Vin, 100V, 220V) in series with the first capacitor C1 by the action of the cone mode type filter. Ground and power ground (F. GND) between the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to remove and filter.

The function of the first varistor ZNR1 is to reduce the overvoltage (lightning) flowing into the input AC power supply Vin and the instantaneous inrush voltage (dv / dt) generated when the input power switch is turned on and off. , The demister (NTC1) is an instantaneous overvoltage (1) generated when the rectifying diode (20) rectifies the alternating current and when the second transistor (Q2) of the first switching unit 30 is turned on (ON) and off (OFF) ( ct / dt) and transient overcurrent (di / dt) transients (Transient) to protect the rectifier diode 20 and the second transistor (Q2) and the like.

In operation of the high power factor DC constant voltage unit 30, when the input AC voltage Vin increases, the output voltage of the DC constant voltage Vdc1 also increases, so that the variable voltage ΔV detected at both terminals of the seventh resistors R7 and 38 is increased. ) And the second pulse width modulation PWM2 output from the control and gate logic unit 33 according to the signal voltage output from the power factor controller 34 by comparing the reference voltage Vref set in the integrated circuit I · C. = Pa, Pb) The signal voltage has a small ON time width in a predetermined period, whereas the OFF time width is proportionally large, and the first switching unit 30 is changed due to a change in duty (D) ratio. When the width of the ON time of the second transistor Q2 is reduced, the current for charging the 14th capacitor C14 is also reduced, so that the output voltage Vdc1 of the DC constant voltage is also reduced. When (Vin) decreases, the ON time width of the second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage becomes large and the OFF time width becomes small. Since the current charging the fourteenth capacitor C14 is increased, if the action of increasing the output voltage Vdc1 of the DC constant voltage is repeated, the output voltage of the high power factor DC constant voltage 30 is always stable even if the input AC voltage Vin is changed. It acts to supply (Vdc1) to the loads (Q1, Q3).

The function of the high frequency power control unit 50 is to supply the DC voltage Vdc1 output from the high power factor DC constant voltage unit 30 to the first drain D1 of the first transistor Q1, and The third drain D3 of the first source S1 and the third transistor Q3 and one side 1 of the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 are connected together, and the control and gate logic unit ( Positive pulse between the first gate G1 and the first source S1 of the first transistor Q1 among the pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages that are opposite to each other in the same period output from When the width modulation (Pa) signal voltage is input, the first transistor Q1 is turned on or off, while between the third gate G3 and the third source S3 of the third transistor Q3. When the negative pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage is input to the third transistor, the third transistor is turned off or on, and the other side 2 of the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 is turned off. Between the tenth capacitor C10 and the first ground Vss1. When the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected, series resonance occurs, and the secondary coils L2 and L3 are caused by the resonance voltage induced in the primary coil L1 of the third transformer T3 by the series resonance. The fluorescent lamp is turned on by the high frequency voltage induced by L4, and when the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 cross ON or OFF, the third transformer T3 is turned on. In addition to its role as an inductor that suppresses the generation of overvoltage and overcurrent, it also serves as an inductance that causes series resonance.

The function of the voltage and current sensor 60 is to detect the overvoltage and overcurrent generated in the third transformer T3, to detect the absence of the lamp, or to generate an abnormal phenomenon when the end of the lamp life occurs. The second transistor Q2 of the first switching unit 30 and the first transistor Q1 of the second switching unit 50 and the deactivated output of the two pulse width modulation PWM1 and PWM2 signal voltages of FIG. The ballast is stopped because the third transistors Q3 do not operate. If no abnormality occurs, the ballast outputs two activated pulse width modulation signals PWM1 and PWM2 of the control and gate logic unit 33 to operate the ballast again. It works.

The function of the temperature sensing unit 37 is the first transistor T1 and the second transistor Q2 of the first switching unit 30 and the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 of the second switching unit 50. Thermistors (55 ° C) having a temperature higher than the preset temperature (35 ° C) of the thermistors (TH1, TH2, TH3, TH4) that sense the temperature of the heat sink attached to the When the output potential of the temperature sensing unit 37 and the potential of the first ground Vss1 coincide with each other, the ballast stops due to the deactivated signal voltage of the control and gate path 33 and all of the demisters have a preset temperature. When it returns to, the ballast has a function of operating again by the activated signal voltage of the control and gate logic unit 33.

The preheating and blocking timer unit 32 activates the signal voltage when the signal voltage of the preheating and blocking timer unit 32 for preheating the lamp filament for a predetermined time matches the reference voltage in the control and gate logic unit 33. The lamp is turned on and the lamps are turned off by outputting an inactive signal voltage when the two voltages are inconsistent. Therefore, the fluorescent lamp is turned on without generating a large instantaneous inrush current. It extends over 10,000 hours.

It includes a movement detector 61, an amplification and discriminator 62, a timer, and a relay driver 64 for detecting the presence or absence of a person moving within a certain range under the fluorescent lamp. When the output of the activated signal voltage of 61 is input to the amplifying and discriminating unit 62, the signal voltage output from the amplifying and discriminating unit is transmitted to the control and gate logic unit 33 through the timer and the relay driver 64. When connected, the lamp is turned on continuously, and when there is no human movement, when the output of the deactivated signal voltage of the movement detector 61 is input to the amplifier and discriminator 62, the signal output from the amplifier and discriminator When the voltage is connected to the control and gate logic unit 33 through the timer and the relay driver 64, the lamp is automatically turned off after a preset time (20 minutes) to the timer, and whether or not the person moves. The lamp is turned on automatically ) Or off (off, no) to save unnecessary power.

The brightness sensor 63 which detects the brightness of the external and internal light is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 when the output of the signal voltage of the brightness sensor 63 is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 when the brightness of the external light is brighter than the internal light. When the current supplied to the battery is reduced, and the opposite phenomenon is applied, the output of the activated signal voltage of the brightness sensor 63 is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 to increase the current supplied to the lamp. It automatically adjusts to save unnecessary power.

The present invention removes and filters power noise of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high frequency interference (RFI) flowing into the input AC power supply (100, 220V), and is always stable in the high power DC constant voltage part even when the input AC power is changed. It outputs DC voltage, high-efficiency high frequency power control unit converts DC voltage output from DC constant voltage unit into high frequency voltage, minimizes distortion of output high frequency voltage waveform, and has preheating time to preheat the lamp filament. Therefore, it does not generate large inrush voltage and inrush current, so it extends the life of lamp for a long time, and it detects the overvoltage and overcurrent generated by the transformer, when there is no lamp, when the life of lamp is over and grounding of ballast If any abnormalities are detected, the ballast will stop operating.If the above abnormalities do not occur, When the temperature of the parts that are overheated in the ballast is higher than the preset temperature (35 ° C) (55 ° C), the ballast stops operation while the temperature of the parts that are overheated is set to the preset temperature (35 ° C). When it returns to), the ballast resumes operation and the lamp is automatically turned on (ON) and off (OFF) according to the signal voltage of the moving sensor that detects the presence or absence of human movement. And automatically adjusts the brightness by adding or subtracting the current supplied to the lamp according to the brightness of the internal and external light, thereby saving unnecessary power, and saving the second transistor Q2 and the second transistor of the first switching unit 30. 2 Harmonic components generated from the first transistor Q1, the third transistor Q3, the third transformer T3, and the like of the switching unit 50 are filtered through the 14th capacitor C14 to the power ground (F. GND). , Full wave rectifier and first switching unit, 2 Switching unit has a current divider that detects the operating current, minimizes the above-mentioned anomalies, malfunctions and power loss of the ballast, while newly developed a very stable and maintenance-free lamp that supplies maximum power to the fluorescent lamp. It is the main effect of manufacturing and supplying an ultra low power electronic ballast of high power factor and high efficiency.

Claims (8)

An ultra low-power electronic ballast for lighting fluorescent lamps, which uses a cone-mode filter to remove and filter power noise of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high frequency interference (RFI) flowing into an input AC power source (10OV, 220V). Means of one filter 10; Means for a full-wave rectifier (20) for outputting a DC voltage by full-wave rectifying the input AC power source (100V, 220V) for removing power noise by the first filter; Always stable even when the input AC voltage fluctuates due to the control of the integrated circuit I / C operated by the full-wave DC voltage and the output of the activated first pulse width modulation PWM signal voltage of the gate logic section 33. Means for outputting a high power factor DC constant voltage (Vdc1) and having no output of the first pulse width modulation (PWM1) signal voltage of the control and gate logic units without the output of the constant voltage factor (30); The second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage may be generated when the positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage and the negative pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage that are opposite to each other in the same period are activated. The first transistor Q1 of the second switching unit 50 is turned on or off by a positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage, while the third transistor Q3 is negative. OFF or ON by the pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage of-), and when the positive and negative pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages are deactivated, Means for control and gate logic section 33 for stopping operation of transistors Q1 and Q3; The first pulse width modulation (PWM1) signal voltage at the control and gate logic unit operated by the variable frequency oscillation signal and the clock pulse (C · P) signals in the integrated circuit (I · C) operated by the full-wave DC power source. And outputting the second pulse width modulation PWM (PWM2, Pa, and Pb) signal voltages, and propagating when the second transistor Q2 is turned off by the deactivated output of the first pulse width modulation PWM signal voltage. The DC voltage supplied from the rectifier 20 is charged to the fourteenth capacitor C14 through the fourth diode D4 connected in the forward direction, and is driven by the activated output of the signal of the first pulse width modulation PWM1. When the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the second transistor Q2 is turned on by repeating a process of switching the DC voltage supplied from the full-wave rectifier 20 and flowing it to the first ground Vss1. When the signal is turned off, the voltage charged in the fourteenth capacitor C14 is discharged in reverse. Since the fourth diode (D4) to prevent the supply of a constant constant DC constant voltage (Vdc1) to the load (Q1, Q3) at all times, and when the input AC voltage (Vin) fluctuates that the output voltage (Vdc1) of the DC constant voltage changes Means for the variable voltage unit 38 for controlling the output of the first pulse width modulation (PWM1) signal voltage of the control and gate logic units by the activated voltage of the variable voltage unit 38; Third drain D3 of the third transistor Q3 in which one side 1 of the primary coil L1 is connected in series with the first source S1 of the first transistor Q1 in the third transformer T3. And a twelfth capacitor C12 connected between the tenth capacitor C10 and the first ground Vss1 connected to the other side 2 of the primary coil L1 and the third capacitor C12. The 39th capacitor C39 connected to the one side 10 of the secondary coil T3 of the transformer T3 is connected with the output terminal 4 of the lamp, connected to the first node a, and further connected to the third transformer. Between the first node (a) and the first ground (Vss1) connected with the output terminal (7) of the lamp to the 36th capacitor (C36) connected to one side (8) of the secondary coil (L3) of (T3) To the twelfth capacitor C12 and to the thirty eight capacitor C38 connected to one side 4 of the secondary coil L4 of the third transformer T3 together with the output terminal 10 of the lamp. An eleventh capacitor C11 is opened between the second node b connected to the first ground Vss1. In addition, series resonance occurs between the inductance (L1) component of the primary coil of the third transformer (T3) and the tenth capacitor (C10), and the primary coil of the third transformer (T3) by the series resonance. Resonant voltages generated at both terminals 1 and 2 of L1 fill the twelfth capacitor C12, and secondary coils L2 are induced by induction of the resonance voltage generated in the primary coil L1. The lamp is turned on by the high frequency voltage induced at L3 and L4, and the induction action of the primary coil L1 and the secondary coils L2, L3 and L4 of the third transformer T3 and the two transistors ( Means for the high frequency power control unit 50 for lighting the lamp while filtering the harmonic components generated when Q1 and Q3) are switched to the first ground Vss1 through the eleventh capacitor C11 and the twelfth capacitor C12; The voltage and current detectors connect both terminals of the eleventh capacitor C11 between the second node b and the first ground Vss1 and both terminals of the eighteenth diode D18 connected in series to the 44th resistor R44 in parallel. The secondary coil (L4) of the third transformer (T3) when it detects an abnormal voltage when the overvoltage and overcurrent generated from the third transformer (T3) and when there is no lamp and the end of the lamp life. The eleventh capacitor C11 connected to the second node b connected with the output terminal 10 of the lamp is charged to the 38th capacitor C38 connected to one side 4 of the lamp. Means for voltage and current sensor 60 for detecting overcurrent; When the activated overvoltage and overcurrent detection signals and the variable frequency oscillation signals are input to the control and gate logic unit 33, an abnormal cutoff unit 36 for outputting an inactive signal voltage from the control and gate logic unit to block the ballast is provided. Means of; Means for the brightness sensor 63, which saves unnecessary wasted power by automatically adjusting the brightness of the lamp by adding or subtracting a current supplied to the lamp by a brightness sensor for detecting brightness of internal and external light; When the activated output signal of the movement detector for detecting the presence or absence of human movement is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 through the amplification and discriminator, the timer, and the relay driver 64, the lamp is continuously turned on, and the movement detector When the output signal is deactivated, the motion detector 61, the amplification and discriminator 62 and the timer and relay driver 64 automatically turn off the lamp after a preset time (20 minutes) to save unnecessary waste. Means of doing; Harmonic filtration agent of the second filter for filtering harmonic components generated in the full-wave rectifying diode 20, the first switching unit 30, the second switching unit 50, and the like through the thirteenth capacitor to the power ground (F.GND). Means of a 13 capacitor 70; A tenth connected in parallel with both terminals of the ninth (D9) and eleventh diodes (D11) connected in series when the full-wave rectifying diode 20, the first switching unit 30, the second switching unit 50, and the like operate. Means for the current classifier 80 for detecting a DC current flowing through the ballast circuit by the voltage drop of both terminals of the resistor R10; The method of claim 1, wherein the high power factor DC constant voltage means of the inductor (L1) component of the primary coil in the first transformer (T1) is for suppressing a large inrush current rise and at the same time is induced between the primary coil and the secondary coil And a first transformer (T1), a second transistor (Q2), a fourth diode (D4), and a fourteenth capacitor (C14) having an auxiliary power supply function for operating the integrated circuit (I · C) by a voltage. The input side 1 of the primary coil of the first transformer T1 of is connected to the plus (+) side of the full-wave DC voltage 20, and the output side 4 of the primary coil is formed of the second transistor Q2. It is connected to the anode A of the second drain D2 and the fourth diode D4, and the first switching unit is operated by the control and activated signal of the first pulse width modulation PWM1 of the gate logic unit 33. The second transistor Q2 of 30 is turned on or off, and the second transistor Q2 is equal to the duty ratio D of the signal width of the first pulse width modulation PWM1. The DC voltage supplied from the full-wave rectifier during the proportional OFF time charges the fourteenth capacitor C14 through the fourth diode D4 connected in the forward direction, and the second transistor of the first switching unit 30. Q4 denotes a fourth diode D4 which prevents the 14th capacitor C14 charged during the ON time proportional to the duty ratio D of the first pulse width modulation PWMW. Therefore, the voltage charged in the fourteenth capacitor C14 is supplied (discharged) to the loads Q1 and Q3, and the fourteenth capacitor C14 outputs a stable DC constant voltage by the action of repeating the continuous charging and discharging. Means for a first switching unit (high power factor DC constant voltage 30) for performing Vdc1; The variable voltage unit 38 includes a first resistor R1, a fourth resistor R4, and a seventh resistor R7 connected in series between the output terminal Vdc1 of the DC constant voltage and the first ground Vss1. And by comparing the variable voltage (ΔV) detected at both terminals of the seventh resistor (R7) with the reference voltage (Vref) generated in the integrated circuit (I · C). Means for the variable voltage unit 38 for detecting a variable voltage; Synchronization is performed by comparing the variable frequency oscillation signal oscillated by the synchronous signal outputted when the variable voltage detected at the output of the DC constant voltage unit 30 and the sampling signal voltage in the integrated circuit match with the feedback signal voltage to turn on the lamp. If the duty ratio (D) of the frequency is matched, it outputs the activated second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage, and if the duty (D) ratio of the synchronous frequency is inconsistent, the disabled second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage is output. Means for control and gate logic section 33 for controlling not to output; 2. The second gate signal G2 of the second transistor Q2 of claim 1, wherein the signal voltage of the first pulse width modulation PWM1 output from the control and gate logic unit 33 is transmitted through the sixth resistor R6. ) And the second pulse width modulation (PWM2) signal voltage outputted from the control and gate logic section 33, between the second source S2 and the second source S2, The first and second coils L1 and L3 of the second transformer T2 are electrically insulated from each other, and have a pulse width modulation (Pa and Pb) signal voltage. Positive pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage is supplied to one side (1) of (L1), and negative pulse width modulation (Pb) signal to the other side (2) of primary coil (L1). When the voltage is supplied through the ninth capacitor C9 connected in series to the twelfth resistor R12, the secondary voltage is induced by the pulse width modulation signal voltage induced at both terminals 1 and 2 of the primary coil L1. Each other in the same period induced in the coils L2, L3 Pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltages of opposite and positive (±) are output respectively, and the pulse width modulation (Pa, L2) is in phase with the input pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage of the primary coil (L1). The signal voltage is supplied between the first gate G1 of the first transistor Q1 and the first source S1, and the input pulse width modulation Pb signal voltage of the primary coil and the pulse width modulation of the inverse phase ( Means for supplying the second pulse transformer (T2), characterized in that for supplying the signal voltages Pb and L3 between the third gate (G3) and the third source (S3) of the third transistor (Q3); Each of the first transistor Q1 and the third transistor Q3 has a drain D, a gate G, and a source S, and the first drain D1 of the first transistor Q1 has a direct current. The third transformer T3 is connected to the output terminal Vdc1 of the constant voltage and connected to the third drain D3 of the third transistor Q3 connected in series with the first source S1 of the first transistor Q1. One side 1 of the primary coil L1 of) is connected together, and the other side 2 of the primary coil is connected to the first capacitor C10 through a twelfth capacitor C12 connected in series. A quantity connected to the ground (Vss1), the means for supplying a pulse width modulation signal voltage to each gate of the two transistors (Q1, Q3) in the same period output from the control and gate logic section 33 When negative (+) pulse width modulation (Pa, Pb) signal voltage is supplied to both terminals (1, 2) of the primary coil (L1) of the second transformer (T2), it is induced in the primary coil (L1). Pulse width modulation signal transmission By the second coils (L2, L3) are induced pulse width modulation signal voltages of opposite and opposite (±) to each other, the output of the second coil (L2) is the primary coil (L1) The input pulse width modulation (Pa) signal voltage and the pulse width variation (Pa) signal voltage in phase with each other are supplied between the first gate (G1) and the first source (S1) of the first transistor (Q1). The output of the secondary coil L3 uses the input pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage of the primary coil (L1) and the pulse width modulation (Pb) signal voltage of the inverse phase to the third gate (G3) of the third transistor (Q3). ) And the third source (S3), the first transistor (Q1) is turned on (ON) or off (OFF), while the third transistor (Q3) is turned off (OFF) or (ON). The secondary coils are formed by the resonance voltage generated in the primary coil L1 by the resonant action between the inductance L1 component of the primary coil of the third transformer T3 and the tenth capacitor C10 by the repetitive action. High induction induced at (L2, L3, L4) Means handeung the lamp voltage (connected between L2 and L4) or dudeung high frequency power control section (50), characterized in that the light (respectively connected between L2 and L3 and L3 and L4); According to claim 1, wherein the first transistor (T1) and the second transistor (Q2) of the first switching unit 30 and the first transistor (Q1) and the third transistor (Q3) of the second switching unit (50). The thermistors for attaching the first (TH1), the second (TH2), the third (TH3) and the fourth thermistor (TH4) for sensing the temperature of each of the heat sinks installed, and detects the temperature of each of the heat sinks Deactivated pulse width of the control and gate logic unit 33 when the resistance value of the demisters (55 ° C) higher than the preset temperature (35 ° C) changes and is inconsistent with the reference voltage inside the integrated circuit (IC). When the modulated signal voltage is output, the ballast is cut off. When the preset temperature (35 ° C.) and the temperature of the thermistors coincide, the activated pulse width modulation signal voltage is output to automatically operate the ballast. Means of the sensing unit 37; According to claim 1, wherein the ballast is provided with a preheating and blocking timer for preheating the filament of the lamp for a predetermined time, the signal for preheating the filament for a predetermined time by the preheating timer When the feedback signal voltage of the high frequency voltage for lighting the voltage and the lamp is input to the control and gate logic section 33, the preheating and blocking timers are stopped when the pulse width modulation signal voltage of the control and gate logic section is output. At the same time, the lamp is turned on by supplying a normal high frequency voltage to the lamp, and the preheating and blocking timers are operated by the deactivated pulse width modulation signal voltage of the control and gate logic unit, and the filament is heated again. Since the large instantaneous inrush voltage (dv / dt) and inrush current (di / dt) are not generated in the filament, the overcoat of the oxide film coated on the filament It prevents evaporation and overheating, thus minimizing black zones caused by burning of fluorescent materials applied to glass tubes around both filaments. Means for preheating and blocking timer 32, characterized in that for extending; The timer and the relay driver 64 according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage of the comparator for comparing the feedback voltage of the preset reference voltage and the high frequency voltage at which the lamp is turned on to the brightness sensor 61 sensing the brightness of the external and internal light is measured. Input to the control and gate logic unit 33), the current supplied to the lamp when the internal brightness is darker than the outside due to the activated positive pulse width modulation signal voltage of the control and gate logic unit. When the output voltage of the comparator is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 through the timer and the relay driver 64, the pulse width modulation of the inactive negative logic of the control and gate logic unit is performed. When the external brightness is brighter than the internal signal due to the signal voltage, the current supplied to the lamp is reduced, and the comparator compares the reference voltage of the brightness sensor 63 with the return voltage of the high frequency voltage. When the output voltage is input through the timer and the relay driver 64, the internal and external light is controlled by the pulse width modulated signal voltage of the positive and negative positive and negative pulses output from the control and gate logic unit 33. Means for the brightness sensor 63, which compares the brightness of the lamp and automatically adjusts the brightness of the lamp, thereby saving unnecessary power; The method according to claim 1, wherein the output signal voltage of the amplification and discriminator (62) for amplifying and discriminating the signal voltage output from the movement detector (61) for detecting the presence or absence of human movement within a predetermined range under the lamp. When the timer and the relay driver 64 driven by the zero is input to the control and gate logic unit 33 through the timer and the relay driver 64 with the signal voltage deactivated for a preset time when there is no movement of a person. Since the control and gate logic unit 33 does not output two pulse width modulation (PWM1, PWM2) signal voltages, the ballast automatically stops (OFF), and when the person detects the presence or absence of the control, The gate logic unit 33 outputs the two pulse width modulation (PWM1, PWM2) signal voltages that are activated to continuously operate the ballast (ON), and automatically operates the lamp with or without the person moving. ON, u) or Means of the movement detector 61, the amplification and discriminator 62, and the timer and relay driving units 64, which can save power unnecessarily wasted by stopping (OFF, no action); The harmonic filtration capacitor of claim 1, wherein the harmonic filtration capacitor comprises a thirteenth capacitor C13 connected between the first ground Vss1 and the second ground Vss2. Harmonic components generated from the constant voltage unit 30 and the high frequency power control unit 50 are connected to the power supply ground of the input AC power source through a thirteenth capacitor C13 connected between the first ground Vss1 and the second ground Vss2. And a thirteenth capacitor (C13) for filtration with F * GND).