KR102642324B1 - Amorphous carbon manufacturing equipment using microwave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves, and more specifically, to a storage unit in which food waste is stored, a crushing unit connected to the storage unit to transport and crush the food waste, and the crushing unit. A mixing unit is connected to transport the shredded food waste and mixes the food waste and carbon to produce a mixture, and is connected to the mixing unit to transfer the mixture, and heats and dries the mixture with a heating device installed on one side. A drying unit is connected to the drying unit to transport the mixture, and a carbonization unit is installed with a microwave generator for carbonizing the mixture by irradiating microwaves, and is connected to one side of the carbonization unit to recover exhaust gas and heat. It is transferred to a drying unit, and the other side includes a discharge unit that discharges the carbonized mixture.

Description

Irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves {AMORPHOUS CARBON MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT USING MICROWAVE}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing irregular carbon using microwaves. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device for manufacturing irregular carbon using microwaves, and more specifically, by dispersing and directly irradiating microwaves to a mixture of carbon and waste material, thereby promoting carbonization of the mixture and simultaneously producing irregular carbon using microwaves. It is about manufacturing equipment.

In general, a common method of treating household waste or various wastes discharged from various industrial fields or households was to burn them in an incinerator equipped with an incinerator.

However, the above-mentioned combustion treatment method requires oxygen when burning waste, etc., and in particular, when burning waste consisting of organic compounds, there is a problem in that harmful substances called dioxin are emitted, and dioxin contains chlorine. Dioxin is a substance that is produced when organic compounds present in it burn, and is mainly generated when waste is incinerated.

For this reason, most countries are making various efforts to reduce the amount of dioxin emitted from incineration facilities.

As a result of these efforts, waste disposal technology using carbonizers, rather than the combustion method described above, emerged. The conventional carbonizers carbonize waste to minimize its volume and then recycle or dispose of it in an airtightly blocked space to prevent contact with air. This is a device that heats waste indirectly to evaporate as much moisture and other components contained in the waste as possible, thereby carbonizing the waste into carbon lumps and minimizing its volume.

As a conventional carbonization device, Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1385208 (hereinafter referred to as “prior art”) is disclosed.

The prior art heats a heating element formed of a cylinder to carbonize the waste contained in the internal space, and recycles the completely burned gas through a gas combustor to heat the heating element to maximize carbonization efficiency and energy use efficiency.

However, since the heating element is not sealed during the waste inflow process, not only does the temperature drop, but safety accidents such as fire may occur. Since the heating element is simply cylindrical, the incoming waste goes through a single carbonization process before being discharged. Accordingly, there was a problem of low energy efficiency as it had to go through a longer carbonization process.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1385208

The present invention was developed in consideration of the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to install a first microwave generator installed on the upper part of the carbonization unit to irradiate microwaves to the upper surface of the mixture, and to install a first microwave generator to irradiate microwaves to the upper surface of the mixture. The aim is to provide an irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves to save carbonization time by simultaneously carbonizing the upper and oblique surfaces of the mixture by installing a second microwave generator for irradiating microwaves to the surface.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for manufacturing amorphous carbon using microwaves, where a storage chamber equipped with an electromagnetic wave blocking plate is installed around the inside of the carbonization unit to prevent harmful electromagnetic waves from being emitted to the outside.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves to disperse microwaves and irradiate the mixture evenly by installing a first irradiation plate installed close to the bottom of the first microwave generator and equipped with a plurality of through holes. is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent unnecessary waste of microwaves by installing a socket with a lens inserted on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of each irradiation plate to expand or reduce the irradiation angle of the microwave and directly adjust the irradiation angle to the mixture. The aim is to provide a device for manufacturing irregular carbon using microwaves.

According to the features for achieving the above-mentioned purpose, a storage unit in which food waste is stored;

A shredding unit connected to the storage unit to transport and shred the sound waste;

A mixing unit connected to the crushing unit to transport the shredded food waste and mixing the food waste and carbon to produce a mixture;

A drying unit connected to the mixing unit to transfer the mixture, and heating and drying the mixture with a heating device installed on one side;

A carbonization unit connected to the drying unit to transport the mixture and equipped with a microwave generator for carbonizing the mixture by irradiating microwaves;

A discharge unit is connected to one side of the carbonization unit to recover exhaust gas and heat and transfer it to the drying unit, and the other side is a discharge unit that discharges the carbonized mixture.

In addition, the carbonization unit,

A storage chamber formed with an internal space and an electromagnetic wave blocking plate installed around the internal space;

A first microwave generator installed at the top of the internal space and irradiated downward;

A first irradiation plate installed close to the lower part of the first microwave generator and equipped with a plurality of through holes to disperse microwaves and irradiate the mixture evenly;

A second microwave generator installed at an oblique angle on the side of the carbonization unit and irradiated in an oblique direction;

A seating plate on which the mixture transferred from the drying unit is seated on a transfer means, which is installed on the top of the transfer means and has a plurality of pins formed on the upper surface;

It is characterized by including.

In addition, a coupling groove is installed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole, a cylindrical socket with a coupling protrusion rotatably coupled to the coupling groove, and an irradiation port including a lens installed on the top of the socket are installed.

In addition, a lens is installed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole, and the lens is a concave lens.

In addition, a suction chamber connected to the carbonization unit and through which the carbonized mixture is transferred is installed,

An outlet installed at the top of the suction chamber; and

It includes an operating fan installed below the suction chamber,

The operation fan is operated to disperse the ash contained in the mixture in the air, the dispersed ash is sucked in from the intake port, and the remaining mixture is transferred to the discharge unit.

A vibrator is installed at the bottom of the suction chamber, and vibrates the suction chamber to separate the ash contained in the mixture from the mixture.

According to the apparatus for manufacturing irregular carbon using microwaves according to the present invention, a first microwave generator is installed on the upper part of the carbonization unit to irradiate microwaves to the upper surface of the mixture, and a microwave generator is installed to radiate microwaves to the lower surface of the mixture. By installing a second microwave generator for irradiation, the upper and oblique sides of the mixture are carbonized at the same time, which has the effect of saving carbonization time.

In addition, a storage chamber equipped with an electromagnetic wave blocking plate is installed around the inside of the carbonization unit, which has the effect of preventing harmful electromagnetic waves from being emitted to the outside.

In addition, a first irradiation plate is installed close to the bottom of the first microwave generator and has a plurality of through holes, which has the effect of dispersing the microwaves and irradiating the mixture evenly.

In addition, a socket with a lens inserted on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of each irradiation plate is installed to increase or decrease the irradiation angle of the microwave, thereby preventing unnecessary waste of microwaves by directly adjusting the irradiation angle to the mixture.

1 is a diagram showing an apparatus for producing irregular carbon using microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a view showing the carbonization unit of the irregular carbon manufacturing apparatus using microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 3 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing a survey device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The following objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood through the following preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms.

Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided so that the disclosure will be thorough and complete and so that the spirit of the invention can be sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art.

Embodiments described and illustrated herein also include complementary embodiments thereof.

As used herein, singular forms also include plural forms, unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. As used in the specification, 'comprise' and/or 'comprising' do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In describing specific embodiments below, various specific details have been written to explain the invention in more detail and to aid understanding. However, a reader who has sufficient knowledge in the field to understand the present invention can recognize that it can be used without these various specific details. In some cases, it is mentioned in advance that parts that are commonly known but largely unrelated to the invention are not described in order to prevent confusion in describing the invention.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing an irregular carbon manufacturing apparatus using microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing a carbonization unit of the irregular carbon manufacturing apparatus using microwaves according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a drawing, and FIGS. 3 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing an irradiation sphere according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention promotes carbonization of the mixture by dispersing microwaves in a mixture of carbon and waste material and directly irradiating it, and at the same time, amorphous carbon using microwaves to produce amorphous carbon. It is about carbon manufacturing equipment.

The present invention largely consists of a storage unit 100, a crushing unit 200, a mixing unit 300, a drying unit 400, a carbonization unit 500, and a discharge unit 600.

In this storage unit 100, food waste is stored and transferred to the next process by a transport means such as a conveyor. The transfer means is a transfer means that is transferred from the unit that has completed each process to the next process, and since it is already known technology, the description below will be omitted.

At this time, before the food waste is stored in the storage unit 100, it is preferable to first undergo a preprocessing process such as sorting and screening large-sized solids, and then to primarily filter out the food waste.

A shredding unit 200 is installed that is connected to the storage unit 100 to transport and shred the food waste.

The crushing unit 200 has a screw 210 installed in the inner longitudinal direction to crush the food waste transferred from the storage unit 100 into small particles to facilitate carbonization.

A mixing unit 300 is installed that is connected to the shredding unit 200, transports the shredded food waste, and mixes carbon powder with the food waste to produce a mixture.

At this time, it is preferable to mix powdered fine carbon particles with a particle size of about 50 to 200 mesh.

The mixing unit 300 is equipped with an axially coupled screw (not shown) at the bottom of the inside to rotate the mixture, or by rotating the mixture with a rotating blade equipped with a plurality of blades, so that the waste and carbon are evenly mixed with each other. .

At this time, a purifying agent can be added during the mixing process of the food waste and carbon to remove contaminants at the same time as the food waste is decomposed.

A drying unit 400 is connected to the mixing unit 300 to transfer the mixture, and heats and dries the mixture with a heating device 410 installed on one side.

In addition, a carbonization unit 500 is installed, which is connected to the drying unit 400 to transport the mixture and is equipped with a first microwave generator 520 for carbonizing the mixture by irradiating microwaves.

The carbonization unit 500 includes a storage chamber 510 in which an internal space is formed and an electromagnetic wave blocking plate is installed around the internal space, and a first microwave generator 520 installed on the upper part of the internal space and radiating downward. , a first irradiation plate 530 installed around the first microwave generator 520, the lower surface of which is equipped with a plurality of through holes 531 to disperse microwaves and irradiate the mixture evenly, and the carbonization unit ( 500) A second microwave generator 550 is installed on the side at an oblique angle and irradiates in the oblique direction, and the mixture transferred from the drying unit 400 is seated on a transfer means 540, wherein the transfer means 540 It is installed at the top and includes a seating plate 560 with a plurality of pins 561 formed on the upper surface.

At this time, modules for irradiating microwaves are installed inside the first microwave generator 520 to irradiate in the lower and left/right directions, respectively, and the lower part is formed to have a curved shape, and the first irradiation plate ( 530) By being installed at an angle corresponding to the position of the through hole, the microwave can irradiate up to the through hole installed at the end of the first irradiation plate 530.

Since the microwave uses carbon particles coated with a heating medium, carbonization can be performed using heat at a high temperature of about 800°C or higher.

It should be noted that the carbonization temperature can be changed by a person skilled in the art considering the type of mixture, water content amount, etc.

In addition, the first irradiation plate 530 is manufactured in a curved shape to correspond to the first microwave generator 520, so that microwaves can be dispersed and irradiated.

The first microwave generator 520 radiates microwaves from the top of the mixture to carbonize the top of the mixture, and the second microwave generator 550 irradiates microwaves from the oblique direction of the mixture to carbonize the top and bottom of the mixture. It is configured to carbonize the sides and evenly carbonize the mixture, and the first irradiation plate 530 disperses the microwaves irradiated from the first microwave generator 520 through a plurality of through holes, thereby irradiating the mixture. It is designed to conduct a thorough investigation.

In addition, the seating plate 560 is made of either aluminum or stainless steel, and when microwaves are irradiated, a plasma reaction occurs between the microwave and aluminum or stainless steel to generate sparks to promote carbonization.

In addition, a plurality of pins 561 made of aluminum installed on the upper surface of the seating plate 560 are seated so that they are inserted into the mixture, so that the pins 561 generate sparks through plasma reaction of microwaves and evenly carbonize the inside of the mixture. You can.

The pin 561 is manufactured in a “T” or “Y” shape to increase the contact area with the mixture and enable rapid carbonization of the mixture.

This seating plate 560 is formed in the form of a container closed on all sides and can prevent the mixture from being exposed to the outside by storing the mixture. When transferred from the mixing unit 300 to the drying unit 400, the seating plate 560 is formed in the form of a container closed on all sides. By transporting the mixture in 560, there is an advantage in preventing the mixture from being exposed to the outside and at the same time storing the carbon powder in a fine particle state when producing carbon in the carbonization unit 500, making it convenient to transport.

By installing an oxygen injector (not shown) inside the carbonization unit 500, the degree of carbonization of the mixture can be adjusted by supplying or stopping oxygen depending on the degree of carbonization of the mixture.

In addition, a ventilation fan 541 is installed inside the transfer means 540, and the ventilation fan 541 is connected to an external purification device (not shown) to remove harmful substances scattered inside the carbonization unit 500 after carbonization of the mixture. It can be used as a means to clean the inside of the carbonization unit 500 by sucking in the material.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a coupling groove 574 is installed on one side of the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531, and a cylindrical socket 572 is formed with a coupling protrusion 573 that faces the coupling groove 574 and is rotationally coupled. ) and an irradiation port 570 including a lens 571 installed on the top of the socket 572 is installed and inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531, so that the microwave irradiated from the first microwave generator 520 is By being refracted and diffused through the lens, it promotes plasma generation and reacts with the mixture, thereby saving carbonization time and promoting carbonization of carbides.

The cross-sectional shape of the socket 572 is either circular or square. It is preferable to use a waveguide for the socket 572. A pipe made of an electrical conductor such as copper can be used, and a pipe capable of transmitting electromagnetic waves is used. Any material may be used.

At this time, a lens 571 is installed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531, and the lens 571 can spread the irradiation angle by refracting the microwave using a concave lens.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the lens 571 may be fixedly installed on one side of the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531, or the lens may be hinged to the inner peripheral surface of the through hole to adjust the angle of the lens. By adjusting the angle of the lens, the microwave irradiation angle can be changed according to the volume of the mixture, thereby improving the carbonization rate by precisely irradiating the microwave to the mixture.

In addition, a control unit (not shown) may be further installed to control the operation of the irradiation port 570, lens 571, oxygen injector, etc. The control unit (not shown) provides the function of operating and stopping the irradiation port 570, lens 571, oxygen injector, etc., recognizes the degree and shape of carbonization of the mixture, receives the recognized data, and The angle of the irradiation port 570 and the lens 571 serves to focus irradiation on the part of the mixture with a slow carbonization rate, and a machine learning algorithm can be applied to process the data.

More specifically, the machine learning algorithm measures the degree of carbonization of the mixture with a thermal imaging camera (not shown) installed on one side of the carbonization unit 500 and learns the input data by applying a specific machine learning algorithm, thereby reducing the surrounding disturbance. Error data that was measured incorrectly can be separated momentarily. By doing this, it is possible to process data in a form that is robust to momentary external noise, and as a result, the angle of the irradiation port 570 and the lens 571 is adjusted through the control unit to focus on the part where the carbonization rate is slow in the mixture. It can be controlled adaptively depending on the situation.

In addition, a discharge unit 600 is installed on one side of the carbonization unit 500 and connected to the transfer pipe 420 to recover exhaust gas and heat and transfer the exhaust gas and heat to the drying unit 400 to recover the heat.

The temperature of the exhaust gas and heat transferred to the transfer pipe 420 connected to one side of the carbonization unit 500 is preferably between about 130 and 170 ° C.

One side of the discharge unit 600 receives the seating plate 560 on which the carbonized carbon is seated in the carbonization unit 500, and the other side of the discharge unit 600 discharges the carbonized mixture, making transportation easy. An additional packaging unit can be installed to productize the carbonized carbon into a certain shape or distribute and package it in a certain amount.

A suction chamber 700 is connected to the carbonization unit 500 and is installed to which the carbonized mixture is transferred.

An inlet 720 is installed at the top of the suction chamber 700, and an operating fan 730 is installed on one side of the suction chamber 700. By operating the operating fan 730, the mixture is carbonized and the remaining ash is released into the air. After dispersing, the dispersed ash is sucked in through the intake port 720, and the remaining mixture is transferred to the discharge unit 600.

At this time, the inhaled ash is not discharged to the outside, but can be discharged as waste or used as an industrial by-product after separate environmental treatment.

In addition, a vibrator 710 is installed at the bottom of the suction chamber 700 to vibrate the suction chamber 700 to separate the ash contained in the mixture from the mixture and suck in the ash with a specific gravity lower than the carbon after carbonization. Recovery can prevent carbon from containing impurities and deteriorating its performance.

[Experimental Example 1] Comparison of carbon production according to carbon content during carbonization

In order to compare carbon production according to the carbon content when carbonizing a mixture of carbon with food waste, about 1 kg of food waste commonly discharged from homes was used as food waste, and the test sample was 100 parts by weight of food waste and Sample 1 mixed with 100 parts by weight of carbon, Sample 2 mixed with 110 parts by weight of sound waste and 90 parts by weight of carbon, Sample 3 mixed with 120 parts by weight of food waste and 80 parts by weight of carbon, and Sample 3 with a mixture of 130 parts by weight of food waste and 70 parts by weight of carbon. A total of five samples were used, including sample 4, which was a mixture of 140 parts by weight of waste material and 60 parts by weight of carbon, and the carbon production, degree of carbonization, and moisture content were measured after carbonization for about 10 minutes.

sample 1 sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 carbon yield
(part by weight) 61 54 52 49 43 degree of carbonization Evenly carbonized Evenly carbonized commonly Weak degree of carbonization Weak degree of carbonization Moisture content (%) 0 0.8 1.3 1.5 1.6

As shown in Table 1, in the case of Sample 1, the carbon production amount, degree of carbonization, and moisture content were confirmed to be significantly higher than those of Samples 2 to 5. It was confirmed that as the amount of waste material increases, the moisture content increases, which causes a problem in that carbonization does not occur normally. It was confirmed that the carbon production and carbon quality are affected depending on the content of waste material and carbon.

Therefore, in the present invention, the mixing ratio of waste material and carbon is 1:1, which has the advantage of adding an appropriate amount of water content and simultaneously increasing carbonization and carbon production.

Since the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of the present invention, various equivalents can be substituted for them at the time of filing the present application. It should be understood that there may be variations.

100: storage unit 200: shredding unit
210: screw 300: mixing unit
400: drying unit 410: heating device
420: Transfer pipe 500: Carbonization unit
510: storage chamber 511: door
520: first microwave generator 530: first irradiation plate
531: through hole 540: seating plate
541: Ventilation fan 550: Second microwave generator
560: Seating plate 561: Pin
570: Irradiation sphere 571: Lens
572: socket 573: coupling protrusion
574: Coupling groove 600: Discharge unit
700: suction chamber 710: exciter
720: Inlet 730: Operating fan

Claims (6)

A storage unit 100 in which food waste is stored;
A shredding unit 200 connected to the storage unit 100 to transport and shred the sound waste;
A mixing unit 300 connected to the shredding unit 200 to transport the shredded sound waste and mixing the sound waste with carbon to produce a mixture;
A drying unit 400 connected to the mixing unit 300 to transfer the mixture, and heating and drying the mixture with a heating device 410 installed on one side;
A carbonization unit 500 connected to the drying unit 400 to transport the mixture and equipped with a first microwave generator 520 for carbonizing the mixture by irradiating microwaves;
The carbonization unit 500 is,
A storage chamber 510 having an internal space formed and an electromagnetic wave blocking plate installed around the internal space;
A first microwave generator 520 installed on the upper part of the internal space and irradiated downward;
A first irradiation plate 530 installed to surround the first microwave generator 520 and having a plurality of through holes 531 on its lower surface to disperse microwaves and irradiate the mixture evenly;
A second microwave generator 550 installed on the side of the carbonization unit 500 at an oblique angle and irradiated in an oblique direction; and
The mixture transferred from the drying unit 400 is seated on the transfer means 540, and includes a seating plate 560 installed on the top of the transfer means 540 and having a plurality of pins 561 on the upper surface;
Includes,
One side of the carbonization unit 500 is connected to the transfer pipe 420 to recover exhaust gas and heat and transfer it to the drying unit 400, and the other side is a discharge unit 600 for discharging the carbonized mixture. Irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves, characterized in that.
delete In claim 1,
A cylindrical socket 572 in which a coupling groove 574 is installed on one side of the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531 and a coupling protrusion 573 facing the coupling groove 574 and rotatingly coupled is formed, and the socket 572 An irregular carbon manufacturing device using microwaves, characterized in that an irradiation port (570) including a lens (571) installed at the top is installed and inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the through hole (531).
In claim 1,
A lens 571 is installed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 531, and the lens 571 is a concave lens.
In claim 1,
A suction chamber 700 is connected to the carbonization unit 500 and transports the carbonized mixture, and is installed,
A suction port 720 installed at the top of the suction chamber 700; and
Includes an operating fan 730 installed on one side of the suction chamber 700,
A microwave characterized in that it operates the operating fan (730) to disperse the ashes contained in the mixture in the air, sucks the dispersed ashes from the suction port (720), and then transfers the remaining mixture to the discharge unit (600). Irregular carbon manufacturing device using .
In claim 5,
An amorphous carbon manufacturing device using microwaves, characterized in that a vibrator 710 is installed below the suction chamber 700 and vibrates the suction chamber 700 to separate the ash contained in the mixture from the mixture.