KR102644194B1 - 종양의 진단 및 치료를 위한 표적단백질로서의 atf6 - Google Patents
종양의 진단 및 치료를 위한 표적단백질로서의 atf6 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102644194B1 KR102644194B1 KR1020210023597A KR20210023597A KR102644194B1 KR 102644194 B1 KR102644194 B1 KR 102644194B1 KR 1020210023597 A KR1020210023597 A KR 1020210023597A KR 20210023597 A KR20210023597 A KR 20210023597A KR 102644194 B1 KR102644194 B1 KR 102644194B1
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Abstract
Description
악성 종양에서 c-KIT 발현의 임상적 중요성은 티로신 키나아제 수용체를 특이적으로 억제하는 글리벡을 이용한 연구에서 입증되었다 또한, 임상적으로 큰 발전은, 글리벡이 통상적인 화학요법에 일반적으로 내성을 나타내는 GIST에 대한 표적 치료를 통한 항종양 효과를 보인 것이다. 그러나, c-KIT 억제제인 글리벡의 경우, 이미 전이가 되었거나 수술이 불가한 GIST 환자에 대해 치료효과를 어느 정도 기대할 수 있지만, 완치는 드물고, 약 50%의 환자는 치료 후 2년 이내에 암이 재발하기 때문에 이를 극복할 수 있는 새로운 치료제 개발이 요구된다.
도 2는 탑시가르긴(Thapsigargin, TG)(ER 스트레스 유발)를 농도별로 처리하여 ATF6, cATF6, ER 스트레스 신호전달 관여 인자 (PERK, IRE1α 및 각각의 인산화형태), CHOP (세포사멸 마커) 및 샤페론 단백질 (BIP, HSP90, GRP94, HSP70)의 발현을 단백질 수준에서 확인한 결과이다. 특히, ATF6가 활성화 되어 있는 GIST 세포는 약한(mild) ER 스트레스가 유도된 경우(TG: 0.1 uM) ER 스트레스를 극복하며 생존할 수 있음을 보여준다.
도 3은 GIST 세포주에 ATF6의 절단(cleavage) 및 활성화를 억제하는 세린 1 프로테아제 억제제(S1Pi, Serine 1 protease inhibitor)를 처리하면, 샤페론 단백질 (BIP, HSP90, GRP94, HSP70)의 발현이 억제되고 약한 ER 스트레스와 함께 유도될 경우에도 급격한 세포사멸이 유발됨을 확인하였고, 또한 ER 스트레스 유도에 따라 ATF6 관련 샤페론 단백질의 발현이 증가되는 시점이 지연되는 것을 확인하였음.
도 4는 KIT와 결합하는 단백질을 확인하기 위해 GIST 세포주에서 KIT 항체를 이용한 면역침강을 수행한 결과로, ATF6에 의해 조절되는 샤페론인 HSP90 단백질이 KIT와 결합함을 확인하였다. 또한 ATF6를 억제하면 하위 단계인 샤페론인 HSP90의 발현이 억제되고 이를 통해 GIST의 발생원인 중 하나인 돌연변이 KIT도 부수적으로 억제가 가능하여 ER 스트레스 감수성 증가를 통한 항암 효과뿐 아니라 돌연변이 KIT 단백 발현 억제를 통해서도 항암 효과를 유도할 수 있어 ATF6 저해가 여러 경로를 통해 GIST에서 강력한 항암 효과를 유도할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 ATF6 저해제 또는 HSP90 저해제 처리시 KIT 단백질의 발현이 감소되는 결과를 확인하였다.
도 5는 GIST 세포주에 ATF6 억제제 (S1Pi, 세아핀(Ceapin) A7, 멜라토닌(Melatonin))를 처리한 경우, 잘린 형태의 ATF6(활성상태의 ATF6, cleaved ATF6)의 발현이 감소한 것을 확인한 결과이다.
도 6은 실제 종양 미세 환경을 모사하기 위해 TG를 처리한 GIST 세포주 (GIST882: 이마티닙 민감성 세포주; GIST48: 이마티닙 내성 세포주)에 ATF6 억제제 (S1Pi, 세아핀(Ceapin) A7, 멜라토닌(Melatonin))를 독립적으로 처리해준 경우와 ER 스트레스 유발 물질 (Borteazomib, 17AAG) 또는 이마티닙과 ATF6 억제제를 동시에 투여한 경우의 세포 생존력 (cell viability)를 측정한 것으로, ATF6 억제제는 독립적으로 처리하여도 우수한 GIST 억제능을 보이고 ER 스트레스 유발 물질 역시 독립적으로 GIST를 억제할 수 있으며, ATF6 억제제와 ER 스트레스 유발 물질을 함께 처리한 경우 더 효율적으로 GIST를 억제함을 확인한 결과이다.
도 7은 TG를 처리하지 않은 GIST 세포주에 ATF6 억제제 (S1Pi, 세아핀(Ceapin) A7, 멜라토닌(Melatonin))를 독립적으로 처리해준 경우와 ER 스트레스 유발 물질 (Borteazomib, 17AAG) 또는 이마티닙과 ATF6 억제제를 동시에 투여한 경우의 세포 생존력 (cell viability)를 측정한 것으로, ATF6 억제제는 독립적으로 처리하여도 우수한 GIST 억제능을 보이고 ER 스트레스 유발 물질 역시 독립적으로 GIST를 억제할 수 있으며, ATF6 억제제와 ER 스트레스 유발 물질을 함께 처리한 경우 더 효율적으로 GIST를 억제함을 확인한 결과이다.
도 8은 ATF6 발현 환자군과 발현하지 않는 환자군의 생존확률을 나타낸 생존함수 그래프로, ATF6를 발현하는 환자군의 경우, 생존률이 낮음을 확인한 결과이다.
탑시가르긴(Thapsigargin) (TG, ER stress inducer)를 처리하여 약한-강한 ER 스트레스(mild to strong ER stress)를 유도하였을 때 0.1 uM의 약한 ER 스트레스의 경우 세포 사멸이 크게 증가하지 않지만 강한 ER 스트레스인 5 uM의 경우 세포 사멸이 크게 증가하였다(도 2A).
강한 ER 스트레스를 유도할 경우, ATF6 및 cATF6의 발현이 감소하며, 세포사멸 마커(cell death marker)인 CHOP이 증가한 것을 확인할 수 있었는데, 이는 GIST 세포가 강한 ER 스트레스는 견뎌낼 수 없음을 의미한다. 반면 ER 스트레스의 다른 신호전달경로(pathway)이며, 세포 사멸에 관여하는 것으로 알려진 PERK, IRE1a의 활성화형 (p-PERK, p-IRE1a) 경우 발현이 증가하여 세포 사멸을 유도하는 것을 알 수 있었다(도 2B).
세린 1 프로테아제 억제제 (Serine 1 protease inhibitor, S1Pi)는 ATF6의 절단(cleavage) 및 활성화를 억제하는데, 이를 GIST 세포에 처리해주면 ATF6 활성화 억제(cATF6 발현 억제), 하위 샤페론(chaperone) 발현 억제가 관찰된다(도 3A).
TG를 0.1 uM로 처리하여 약한 ER 스트레스를 유발한 경우에는 일반적으로 세포 사멸이 거의 이루어지지 않지만, S1Pi를 같이 처리할 경우에는 약한 ER 스트레스에서도 급격한 세포 사멸이 나타남을 확인하였다(도 3B).
이마티닙(Imatinib)에 저항성을 보이는 세포주인 GIST430과 GIST430 세포에서 추가로 V654A 2차 돌연변이가 생긴 이마티닙(imatinib) 내성 세포주인 GISTS430(V654A)를 이용하여 세포 성장 평가 어세이 (MTT 어세이) 수행하였다.
종양 미세환경은 영양분 및 산소 부족과 같은 제약에 따라 ER 스트레스가 유도되는데, 탑시가르긴(Thapsigargin, TG)는 생체 내(in vivo)와 유사한 ER 스트레스 환경을 모사하기 위해 처리하는 것으로, 본 발명에서는 처리한 경우 (도 6)와 ATF6 억제제 자체의 효과를 확인하기 위해 처리하지 않은 경우(도 7)로 나누어 실험하였다.
Claims (13)
- ATF6 억제제 및 티로신 키나제 억제제를 포함하는 위장관 기질종양의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물로서, 상기 ATF6 억제제는 PF429242 및 세아핀(Ceapin) A7으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나이고,
상기 티로신 키나제 억제제는 이마티닙인 것인, 약학 조성물.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 티로신 키나제 억제제는 ATF6 억제제와 동시에 또는 순차적으로 투여되는, 위장관 기질종양의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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Miyong Yun et al. Melatonin sensitizes H1975 non-small-cell lung cancer cells harboring a T790M-targeted epidermal growth factor receptor mutation to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. Cell Physiol Biochem, v.34(3), pp.865-872 (2014.08.21.)* |
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