KR102604621B1 - Passive triggering mechanisms for use with switching devices incorporating pyrotechnic features - Google Patents

Abstract

The abstract discloses a passive triggering mechanism for activation of pyrotechnic features in electrical switching devices, such as contactor devices and fuse devices. Activation of the pyrotechnic feature is configured to change the configuration of internal components of the switching device to prevent current flow through the device. In some embodiments, the triggering mechanism includes a feature that responds to a magnetic field, such as a reed switch. In some embodiments, the reed switch may respond to elevated current flow and then use the elevated current flow signal to activate the pyrotechnic feature. In another embodiment, the reed switch activates the pyrotechnic feature using a power signal from a secondary power source.

Description

PASSIVE TRIGGERING MECHANISMS FOR USE WITH SWITCHING DEVICES INCORPORATING PYROTECHNIC FEATURES}

This application is based on US patent application no. This is a continuation-in-part application of No. 16/114,802 and claims the benefit of that application.

Described herein are devices relating to triggering mechanisms and configurations for use with electrical switching devices such as contactor devices and electrical fuse devices.

Connecting and disconnecting electrical circuits is as old as electrical circuits themselves, and is commonly used as a method of switching the power provided to connected electrical devices between "on" and "off" states. An example of one device commonly used to connect and disconnect circuits is a contactor, which is electrically connected to one or more devices or power sources. The contactor is configured to interrupt or complete a circuit to control power to and from the device. One type of common contactor is a hermetically sealed contactor.

In addition to contactors, which serve the purpose of connecting and disconnecting electrical circuits during normal operation of the device, various additional devices may be employed for overcurrent protection. These devices can prevent short circuits, overloads and permanent damage to electrical systems or connected electrical devices. These devices include disconnecting devices, which can quickly interrupt a circuit in a permanent manner such that the circuit remains disconnected until the disconnecting device is repaired, replaced, or reset. One disconnecting device of this type is a fuse. A typical fuse is a type of low resistance resistor that acts as a sacrificial device. A typical fuse contains a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows through the fuse, blocking the circuit to which the fuse connects.

As society develops, various innovations in electrical systems and electronic devices are becoming increasingly common. Examples of such innovations include recent advances in electric vehicles, which could one day become the standard for energy efficiency and replace traditional petroleum-powered vehicles. For these expensive, everyday electrical devices, overcurrent protection is particularly applicable to prevent device malfunction and prevent permanent damage to the device. Additionally, overcurrent protection can prevent safety hazards, such as electrical fires. These modern improvements to electrical systems and devices require modern solutions that increase the convenience and efficiency of mechanisms for triggering fuse devices.

Disclosed herein are passive triggering features for activation of pyrotechnic features that function as fuse mechanisms within switching devices, such as contactor devices and fuse devices. This passive triggering configuration may be configured to trigger in response to a threshold magnetic field corresponding to a threshold level of current flowing through the device corresponding to a hazardous overcurrent. The threshold level of current required to trigger this passive triggering configuration may be related to the distance between the passive triggering mechanism, such as a reed switch, and a portion of the device, such as a power terminal or a feature connected to the power terminal.

One embodiment of an electrical switching device according to the invention allows the internal components to change the state of the switching device from a closed state, which allows current flow through the switching device, to an open state, which blocks current flow through the switching device. Includes a housing configured. A pyrotechnic feature is included, the pyrotechnic feature configured to interact with the inner component to transition the switching device from a closed state to an open state when the pyrotechnic feature is activated. Also included is a passive trigger switch structure configured to activate the pyrotechnic feature when triggered, the passive trigger switch structure being configured to trigger in response to an elevated current signal flowing through the switching device. The passive trigger switch is also arranged to activate the pyrotechnic feature using an elevated current signal.

One embodiment of an electrical system according to the invention includes an operational power circuit comprising an operational power source coupled to an operational load by a current path, with a contactor between the power source and the load. A pyrotechnic activation circuit comprising a trigger arranged to sense an elevated current in the operating power circuit, the activation circuit further comprising a pyrotechnic actuator, the trigger configured to block the current path in the operating power circuit. Activate the technique actuator to operate on the contactor.

One embodiment of a pyrotechnic activation circuit according to the invention includes a trigger arranged to sense a magnetic field from an elevated current in the circuit. A pyrotechnic actuator is included, and the trigger activates the pyrotechnic actuator in response to the elevated current level to interrupt the circuit through which the elevated current flows, and the trigger uses the elevated current to activate the pyrotechnic actuator.

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers designate corresponding members.

1 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a contactor that may include features of the present invention, shown as being in a “closed” orientation to enable the flow of electricity through the device.
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the contactor device of FIG. 1, shown as being in an “open” or “broken” orientation, which prevents the flow of current through the device.
Figure 3 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the contactor device of Figure 1, with the disconnection elements shown in a different “triggered” orientation.
Figure 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a fuse device that may include features of the present invention, shown as being in a resting, “non-triggered” state.
5 is a front cross-sectional view of a fuse device that may include features of the present invention, shown as being in an activated “triggered” state.
Figure 6 is a front top perspective view of a pyrotechnic triggering configuration incorporating features of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a rear plan view of the pyrotechnic triggering configuration of Figure 6;
Figure 8 is a front top perspective view of another pyrotechnic triggering configuration incorporating features of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a rear plan view of the pyrotechnic triggering configuration of Figure 8;
Figure 10 is a front top perspective view of another pyrotechnic triggering configuration incorporating features of the present invention.
Figure 11 is a front cross-sectional view of a portion of the pyrotechnic triggering configuration of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a pyrotechnic power switching circuit according to the present invention.
Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a pyrotechnic power switching circuit according to the present invention.

This disclosure will now present detailed descriptions of various embodiments. This embodiment presents a configuration and passive switching feature for use with a switching device, such as a contactor or fuse device that includes a pyrotechnic circuit breaking feature. These switching devices can be electrically connected to an electrical device or system to turn “on” or “off” power provided to the connected device or system. Although exemplary devices disclosed herein may utilize active triggering configurations in addition to or in lieu of the passive features disclosed, the passive features provide the advantage of automatically triggering a pyrotechnic circuit break in response to a threshold current level. do.

In some embodiments, a printed circuit board (PCB) or external triggering mechanism pyrotechnic is configured to direct a signal toward a pyrotechnic pin in communication with the charge. The power required for these signals to trigger the pyrotechnical features of the switching device may be provided by a separate power source (i.e., a power source other than that of the device or electrical system to which the switching device is connected). Alternatively, the power required for the signal may be provided or diverted from a power source in the device or electrical system to which the switching device is connected. The pyrotechnic charge is configured to function as a fuse to permanently break the circuit through the contactor or fuse device, for example by moving the movable contact out of contact with the stationary contact.

The PCB or external triggering mechanism includes a passive trigger switch, such as a reed switch, which opens in the resting state to prevent the triggering signal from being sent to the pyrotechnic pin and thus allows current to flow through the device. A passive trigger switch may be configured to trigger in response to a magnetic field of sufficient intensity, which magnetic field may be calculated to respond to a desired threshold level of current through the device, for example, a hazardous overcurrent. Since the required threshold strength of the magnetic field required to trigger a passive trigger switch depends on the proximity of the passive trigger switch to the magnetic field source, the passive trigger switch may be configured as a “proximity switch.” This allows the desired trip current to be set based on the distance between an area of the device, such as a passive trigger switch and one of the power terminals.

In other embodiments, additional features may be included. For example, a ferrous core structure can be positioned that at least partially surrounds one of the power terminals of the switching device and the trip current can be determined by the distance between the core structure and the passive trigger switch. In some embodiments, an external triggering mechanism may be utilized, which may include a conductive bus portion and a passive trigger switch spaced from the conductive bus portion by a non-magnetic spacer portion. In this embodiment, the trip current may be determined by the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer portion.

Throughout this description, the preferred embodiments and examples illustrated are to be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting with respect to the invention. As used herein, the terms “invention,” “device,” “the present invention,” or “the present device” refer to any one of the embodiments of the invention described herein, and any equivalents. Additionally, throughout this specification, reference to various feature(s) of the “invention,” “device,” “the present invention,” or “the present device” refers to the feature(s) to which any claimed embodiment or method is referred. ) does not mean that it must be included.

When an element or feature is referred to as being “on” or “adjacent” to another element or feature, this element or feature may be directly on the other element or feature, or intervening elements or features may also be present. It is also understood that it can be done. When an element is referred to as being "attached," "connected," or "coupled" to another element, it means that the one element can be directly attached, connected, or coupled to the other element, or if an intervening element is present. It is also understood that it can be done. In contrast, when one element is referred to as being "directly attached," "directly connected," or "directly coupled" to another element, no intervening elements are present.

Relative terms, such as “outer,” “above,” “bottom,” “below,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” and similar terms, are used herein to describe the relationship of one feature to another feature. can be used It is understood that these terms are intended to include different orientations in addition to the orientations shown in the figures.

Although terms such as first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements or components, such elements or components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or component from another element or component. Accordingly, a first element or component discussed below may be referred to as a second element or component without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

The terms used in this specification are intended to describe only specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprise", "comprising", when used herein, specify the presence of a referenced feature, integer, step, operation, element, and/or component, but also specify one or more other features, integers, steps, elements, and/or components. It will also be understood that this does not exclude the presence or addition of steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.

Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to different drawings and examples that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments of the invention. As such, variations from the example shapes are expected, for example, as a result of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Embodiments of the invention should not be construed as limited to the specific shapes of the regions illustrated herein, but should include variations in shape resulting, for example, from manufacturing.

When a first element is referred to as being "between", "sandwiched" or "sandwiched between" two or more other elements, the first element may be directly between or intervening with two or more other elements. It is understood that can also exist between two or more different elements. For example, if a first element is “between” or “sandwiched between” a second element and a third element, then the first element can be directly between the second and third elements without any intervening elements, or Alternatively, the first element may be adjacent to one or more additional elements, and both the first element and the one or more additional elements may be between the second and third elements.

Before describing in detail specific pyrotechnical triggering configurations incorporating features of the present disclosure, an exemplary switching device that includes pyrotechnic features and provides an exemplary environment for a passive triggering configuration in accordance with the present disclosure is first described. It will be. Such switching devices may include any switching device that includes pyrotechnic features, such as a contactor configured to switch the device between “on” and “off” states.

In some contactor devices, the pyrotechnic feature functions as a fuse element contained within the contactor device. An example of such a contactor device is disclosed in US Application No. 104, entitled “Contactor Device Integrating Pyrotechnic Disconnect Features,” assigned to Gigavac, Inc., assignee of this application. No. 16/101,143, which application is incorporated herein by reference. In addition to a contactor configured to freely switch between an “on” state and an “off” state, a pyrotechnic triggering configuration according to the present disclosure is configured to allow current to flow through the electrical system or device when not triggered, and is configured to allow current to flow through the electrical system or device when not triggered. It may also be used with a sacrificial fuse device, which is configured to prevent current through an electrical system or device when exposed. Examples of such fuse devices are described in US Application No. No. 15/889,516, which application is incorporated herein by reference.

1 shows an example contactor device 100 including an integrated pyrotechnic disconnection component that can function as a sacrificial disconnection in an overcurrent event. A cross-sectional view of the embodiment is shown. 1 shows the contactor device in a “closed” circuit position allowing the flow of electricity through contactor device 100. 1 is a schematic diagram of a contactor device 100 in an untriggered or “set” mechanical orientation, which allows the contactor device to function normally and be operated between its “closed” and “open” positions. A low-technical break is also shown. A disconnected portion of contactor device 100 may also cause a “triggered” orientation in which the circuit is broken and the flow of electricity through the contactor device is permanently disabled until the contactor device is replaced or repaired and reset. have “Closed” and “open” contactor modes, and “set” and “triggered” disconnect modes are both described in greater detail herein.

Contactor device 100 of FIG. 1 includes a body 102 (also referred to as housing 102) and an external circuit, e.g., to electrically connect internal components of the contactor device to an electrical system or device. It includes two or more stationary contact structures 104, 106 (two are shown) configured. Body 102 may include any suitable material capable of supporting the structure and function of contactor device 100 as disclosed herein, with preferred materials being those of stationary contacts 104, 106 and of the device. It is a robust material that can provide structural support for the contactor device 100 without interfering with electrical flow through the internal components. In some embodiments, body 102 includes durable plastic or polymer. Body 102 at least partially surrounds various internal components of contactor device 100, which are described in greater detail herein.

Body 102 may include any shape suitable to accommodate various internal components, including any regular or irregular polygon. Body 102 may be a continuous structure, or may include multiple component parts joined together, including, for example, a base body “cup” sealed with an epoxy material, and an upper “header” portion. You can. Some exemplary body configurations are described in US Pat. Nos. 7,321,281, 7,944,333, 8,446,240 and 9,013,254, all of which are assigned to Gigavac, Inc., the assignee of this application, and are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Stationary contacts 104, 106 allow the various interior components of contactor device 100 housed within body 102 to be in electrical communication with an exterior electrical system or device such that contactor device 100 is configured as described herein. It is configured to function as a switch that blocks or completes an electric circuit. Stationary contacts 104, 106 may be made of any suitable conductive material for providing electrical contact to the inner components of the contactor device, such as various metals and metallic materials or any electrical contact material known in the art or Can contain structures. Stationary contacts 104, 106 may include a single continuous contact structure (as shown) or may include multiple electrically connected structures. For example, in some embodiments, stationary contacts 104, 106 may include two portions, a first portion extending from body 102 and another configuration internal to the body as described herein. It is electrically connected to a second portion internal to the body 102 that is configured to interact with the element.

The body 102 may be configured such that the inner space of the body 102 that accommodates the various inner components of the contactor device 100 is hermetically sealed. When combined with the use of an electronegative gas, this hermetically sealed configuration can help mitigate or prevent electrical arcing between adjacent conductive elements and, in some embodiments, between spatially separated contacts. Helps provide electrical insulation. In some embodiments, body 102 may be under vacuum conditions. Body 102 may be hermetically sealed using any known means of creating a hermetically sealed electrical device. Some examples of hermetically sealed devices are described in US Pat. Nos. 7,321,281, 7,944,333, 8,446,240 and 9,013,254, all of which are assigned to Gigavac, Inc., the assignee of this application, all of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

In some embodiments, body 102 may be at least partially filled with a negatively charged gas, such as sulfur hexafluoride or a mixture of nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride. In some embodiments, body 102 includes a material that has low or substantially no permeability to gases injected within the housing. In some embodiments, the body may contain various gases, liquids, or solids configured to enhance the performance of the device.

Before describing the pyrotechnic disconnection components of contactor device 100 used for overcurrent protection, the contactor components used during typical switching use of contactor device 100 will first be described. Stationary contacts 104, 106, when not interacting with any of the other components internal to body 102, are otherwise electrically isolated from each other, such that electricity does not flow freely between them. Stationary contacts 104 and 106 may be electrically isolated from each other via any known structure or method of electrical isolation.

When contactor device 100 is in the “closed” position as shown in FIG. 1 , the two otherwise electrically isolated stationary contacts 104 and 106 are both contacted by movable contact 108 . Movable contact 108 functions as a bridge that allows electrical signals to flow through the device, for example, from first stationary contact 104 to movable contact 108 to second contact 106 or vice versa. do. Accordingly, while the movable contact is in electrical contact with the stationary contact, contactor device 100 can be connected to an electrical circuit, system, or device to complete the circuit.

Movable contact 108 may comprise any suitable conductive material, including any of the materials discussed herein with respect to stationary contacts 104 and 106. Like stationary contacts 104, 106, movable contact 108 may comprise a single continuous structure (as shown), or may comprise multiple component parts that are electrically connected to one another, otherwise electrically connected. may function as a contact bridge between the insulated stationary contacts 104, 106, so that electricity can flow through the contactor device 100.

The movable contact 108 may be configured such that the movable contact can be moved into and out of electrical contact with the stationary contacts 104 and 106. This causes the circuit to be “closed” or completed when the movable contact is in electrical contact with the fixed contacts 104, 106, and when the movable contact 108 is not in electrical contact with the fixed contacts 104, 106. When, the circuit is either “opened” or closed. Stationary contacts 104, 106 are otherwise electrically isolated from each other when not in contact with movable contact 108. In some embodiments, including the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the movable contact 108 is physically connected to a shaft structure 110 that is configured to move along a predetermined distance within the contactor device 100 . Shaft 110 may include any material or shape suitable for its function as an internal movable component that is physically connected to movable contact 108 such that movable contact 108 can be moved with shaft 110. You can.

Movement of the shaft 110 controls the movement of the movable contact 108, which in turn controls the position of the movable contact 108 relative to the stationary contacts 104 and 106, which in turn control the movement of the movable contact 108 as described herein. Controls the flow of electricity through the power device 100. Movement of the shaft can be controlled through a variety of configurations, including but not limited to electrical and electronic, magnetic and solenoid, and manual configurations. For example, a manual arrangement for controlling a shaft connected to a movable contact is described in US Pat. No. 1,850,000, assigned to Gigavac, Inc., the assignee of this application, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Presented in 9,013,254. Some of these example configurations of manual control features include magnetic configurations, diaphragm configurations, and bellowed configurations.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the movement of shaft 110 is controlled using a solenoid configuration. The plunger structure 111 is connected to a portion of the shaft 110, or at least partially surrounds it. Body 102 also accommodates solenoid 112. Many different solenoids can be used, one example of a suitable solenoid is a solenoid that operates under low voltage and with relatively high force. Although many different solenoids may be used, one example of a suitable solenoid is Model No. 12 from Bicron Inc., which is commercially available. It is SD1564 N1200. In the depicted embodiment, plunger structure 111 may include a metallic material that can be moved and controlled by solenoid 112. The movement of the plunger structure 111 controls the movement of the connected shaft 110, which in turn controls the movement of the connected movable contact 108.

The travel distance of the shaft 110 can be adjusted using various features, such as springs that control the travel/over-travel distance, or various parts of the body 102 that can block or limit the travel distance of the shaft 110. It can be controlled. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the movement distance of the shaft 110 is the wings of the shaft 110 to limit the distance of the shaft 110 when the shaft 110 has moved a sufficient distance from the fixed contact points 104, 106. This is controlled in part by a hard stop 113 configured to contact against the mold portion 114. Hard stop 113 may include any shape or material suitable to provide a surface that interacts with shaft 110 to limit the distance that shaft 110 moves. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, hard stop 113 includes a plastic material. In some embodiments, hard stop 113 is configured to fracture or directly shear off when the pyrotechnic break element is triggered, as discussed in more detail below.

Now that the basic switching features of contactor device 110 have been presented, the pyrotechnic disconnection elements will be described. Contactor device 100 may include several elements that may function as overcurrent protection, including a pyrotechnic charge 202 and a piston structure 204. Piston structure 204 may be positioned adjacent to or at least partially about one or more of the inner components, such as shaft 110, as shown. Movement of the piston from the rest position changes the configuration of the internal components to allow electricity through the device, for example, by pressing against or otherwise moving the shaft 100, as described herein. The flow may be blocked. To prevent safety hazards such as electrical fire or permanent damage to connected electrical devices, pyrotechnic charge 202 may be configured to activate when the current exceeds a predetermined threshold level.

Contactor device 100 can include various sensor features that can detect when the current through the device has reached a dangerous level and trigger a pyrotechnic charge when this threshold level is detected. In some embodiments, contactor device 100 may include a dedicated current sensor configured to detect the level of current through the device. The current sensor may be configured to directly or indirectly activate the pyrotechnic charge when the current reaches a threshold level. In some embodiments, the current sensor may transmit a signal proportional to the detected current when a threshold current level is detected. In some embodiments, the current sensor may include a Hall effect sensor, a transformer or current clamp meter, a resistor, a fiber optic current sensor, or an interferometer.

In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge 202 is configured to be activated by an electrical pulse and driven by an airbag system configured to detect a number of factors, similar to those used in modern automobiles. In some embodiments, contactor device 100 includes one or more pyrotechnic pins 203 that can be configured to trigger pyrotechnic charge 202 when pyrotechnic pins 203 receive an activation signal. It can be included. In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge may be connected to another feature that is already monitoring the current flowing. These other features, such as battery management components, can then be configured to send a signal to activate pyrotechnic charging when a threshold current level is detected.

Pyrotechnic charge 202 may be a single charge structure or multiple charge structures. In some embodiments, pyrotechnic charge 202 includes a dual charge structure comprising first an initiator charge and then a secondary gas generator charge. As described herein, there are many different types of pyrotechnic charges, provided that the pyrotechnic charge used is sufficient to provide sufficient force to move the piston structure 204 to permanently break the circuit of the contactor device 100. Pyrotechnic charge can be used. In some embodiments, pyrotechnic charge 202 includes zirconium potassium perchlorate, which has the advantage of being suitable for use as both an initiator charge and a gas generator charge. In some embodiments, the initiator charge includes a fast burning material, such as, for example, zirconium potassium perchlorate, zirconium tungsten potassium perchlorate, titanium potassium perchlorate, zirconium hydride potassium perchlorate, or titanium hydride potassium perchlorate. In some embodiments, the gas generator charge includes a slow burning material such as, for example, boron potassium nitrate, or black powder.

When the pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated, the resulting force causes the piston structure 204 to be pushed away from its resting position next to or around the pyrotechnic charge 202, which in turn causes the piston structure 204 to pushes the shaft 110 so that the shaft is pushed away from the fixed contact points 104 and 106. The resulting force may also be sufficient to fracture or directly shear the hard stop 113, causing the shaft 110 to move further away from the fixed contacts 104, 106, e.g. It is pressurized into a separate inner compartment (206). The piston structure 204 has sufficient dimensions (e.g., shape, size, spatial orientation or other configuration) to allow the piston structure 204 to maintain the inner components in a position or configuration that prevents electrical flow through the contactor device. ) may include. This may, for example, keep the shaft 110 in place further away from the stationary contacts 104, 106, so that the shaft 110 is substantially in a separate inner compartment 206 of the body 102. This is done by holding the shaft inside. This in turn causes the movable contact 108 connected to the shaft 110 to be separated from the stationary contacts 104, 106 by an ever-larger spatial gap, causing the device to become "triggered" or permanent, preventing electricity from flowing through the device. It is in an “open” configuration. In some embodiments, the piston structure 204, once displaced by activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202, is forced into a position where the piston structure 204 interacts with a portion of the body 102 to facilitate movement. Include sufficient dimensions to prevent this from happening.

In addition to the quickly created large spatial gap between the stationary contacts 104, 106 and the movable contact 108, additional structures may be used. For example, in some embodiments, one or more arc blowout magnets 208 (two are shown) may be used to further control the electrical arc. The primary method for blocking the flow of current is to rapidly open the contacts as a larger air gap as described herein, but a secondary gas explosion directed toward the arc, for example, by using a gas generator charge, is achieved. There may also be additional capabilities.

In some embodiments, including the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , other optional design features may be added that may help prevent hazards posed by rapid accumulation of gases resulting from activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202. may be included. In this embodiment, body 102 may be configured such that when pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated, piston structure 204 pushes shaft 110 with sufficient force to penetrate a portion of body 102. You can. This will allow rapid accumulation of gas to be released. In some embodiments, this is a high temperature filter membrane, including a membrane in which a portion of body 102 may be pierced during a pyrotechnic disconnection cycle, for example, by pointed portion 210 of shaft 110. This is achieved by allowing gas to escape from the connected ventilation portion 212 of the body 102. Afterwards, the high temperature gas can exit to the outside of the body 102. Pressure relief can not only prevent contactor housings from rupturing, but can also cool electrical arcs and improve performance.

The difference between interrupting the circuit of electrical flow through the contactor device 100 during normal switching operation and permanently interrupting the circuit of electrical flow through the device when the contactor device 100 is in the “triggered” state is shown in Figures 2 and 2 . This is better illustrated in Figure 3. Figures 2 and 3 show the contactor device 100 of Figure 1, but in different orientations. Contactor device 100 includes a body 102, fixed contacts 104, 106, movable contacts 108, shaft 110, plunger structure 111, solenoid 112, hard stop 113, shaft ( Wing-shaped portion 114 of 110, pyrotechnic charge 202, pyro pin 203, piston structure 204, separate compartment 206 of body 102, arc emission magnet. 208 , a pointed portion 210 of the shaft 110 , and a ventilated portion 212 of the body 102 .

The contactor device 100 is in the “open” state in FIG. 2 showing the shaft 110 moved so that the connected movable contact 108 is separated from the stationary contacts 104, 106 by a break space gap 302. It is shown as being there. As shown in Figure 2, contactor device 100 is still in the “set” position with no pyrotechnic features activated. The break space gap 302 separates the movable contacts 108 a sufficient distance from the stationary contacts 104, 106, which are otherwise electrically insulated from each other, to block the flow of electricity through the device. In contrast, Figure 3 shows that when the pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated and the piston structure 204 forces the shaft 110 and the movable contact 108 further away from the stationary contacts 104 and 106, It shows the contactor device 100 in a triggered state. This quickly creates a larger blocking space gap 350 between the stationary contacts 104, 106 and the movable contact 108.

The resulting force resulting from activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202, and the resulting sudden movement of the piston structure 204 and shaft 110, is shown in FIG. 3 to be displaced from its original position connected to the body 113. It is sufficient to break or directly shear the hard stop (113). Hard stop 113 may include a robust material connected to or integral with body 102 such that the hard stop supports shaft 110 during normal device operation between “closed” and “open” circuit states. It functions as a stop for. However, during operation of the pyrotechnic break feature, hard stop 113 "fails" as a stop structure and fractures or shears directly, allowing shaft 110 to advance into separate body compartment 206. It can be intentionally designed.

In some embodiments, piston structure 204 may be configured to interact with piston-stop portion 352 of body 102 after pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated. This can be done, for example, by interacting with a portion of the piston-stop portion 352 that is configured to interact or mate with a position of the piston structure 204, for example, with another portion on the piston structure 204. there is.

In some embodiments, piston structure 204 will remain in contact with piston-stop portion 352 until after piston structure 204 is displaced by activation of pyrotechnic charge 202. This causes the piston structure 204 to remain between the piston-stop portion 352 and the movable contact 108 when the pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated and the piston structure 204 is forced from the resting position. As shown in FIG. 3 , this configuration places the piston structure 204 in a position that holds or locks the piston structure 204 against the movable contact 108 . The piston structure 204 holds the movable contact 108 in place and helps maintain the circuit break space gap 350 so that the stationary contact 108 and the movable contacts 104 and 106 slip back. back) to prevent contact with each other, thereby preventing the contactor device 100 from operating.

In some embodiments, instead of or in addition to the piston-stop portion 352 of body 102, a separate compartment 206 of body 102 may be provided with a pyrotechnic charge ( It may include sufficient dimensions, including, for example, size and shape, to enable interaction with a portion of the shaft 110 that is moved into the separate compartment 206 due to activation of 202 .

In some embodiments, the separate compartment 206 interacts with a directly sheared hard stop 113 or other structure connected to the shaft 110 that has been moved into a separate component due to activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202. It can be configured to do so. This portion of the shaft 110 or connected structure would not previously be within the separate compartment 206 during normal device operation, but is forced into the separate compartment 206 during the pyrotechnic cycle during overcurrent protection operation. Discrete compartments 206 may be of sufficient size, shape, or additional features, for example, to interact or mate with corresponding features or connected structures on shaft 110 to maintain shaft 110 in place, so as to maintain shaft 110 in place. The movable contact 108 coupled to the shaft 110 includes a feature configured to slip back and prevent contact with the stationary contacts 104 and 106.

In addition to the features described above, contactor device 100 of FIGS. 1-3 may further include a PCB 400. As discussed further herein, the PCB enables efficient and convenient connection of internal components of contactor device 100 to a pyrotechnical triggering configuration incorporating features of the present invention. PCB 400 may be a PCB designed to accommodate a pyrotechnical triggering configuration that includes features of the present invention. 1-3, PCB 400 is shown as being positioned adjacent the upper portion of contactor device 100, although PCB 400 may be positioned adjacent to any portion of contactor device 100. It is understood that it may be located within or on a portion thereof, and may be inside contactor device 100 or outside contactor device 100.

In addition to contactor devices, which can be operated to restrict or enable electrical flow through them during normal operation, other types of switching devices that can serve as exemplary environments for use with passive pyrotechnic triggering configurations are fuse devices. am. A fuse device only allows electricity to flow through the device during normal operation and functions as a sacrificial circuit breaker when a critical current level passes through the device. 4-5 include similar features and operate similarly to the contactor device 100 of FIGS. 1-3, but include some elements such as solenoids or other mechanisms to open and close the stationary and movable contacts. This example fuse device 430 is shown, but does not include the features of . During normal operation, fuse device 430 continues to allow current flow through the device until the pyrotechnic feature is activated, resulting in an “open” state that subsequently blocks current flow through the device. It is in a “closed” state that allows it to do so. 4-5 show a body 432 (similar to body 102 in FIGS. 1-3 above), a stationary contact 434 (similar to stationary contacts 104, 106 in FIGS. 1-3 above). , 436). However, in this embodiment, the stationary contacts 434 and 436 are formed separately from the power terminals 438 and 440, which are electrically connected to the stationary contacts 434 and 436 for connection to an external circuit, as shown in FIGS. In embodiment 3, the power terminal and fixed contact are the same. 4-5 illustrate a movable contact 442 (similar to the movable contact 108 in FIGS. 1-3 above), the shaft structure of FIGS. 1-3 above (except that it is shaped differently). A shaft structure 444 (similar to 110) is further shown.

Shaft structure 444 is connected to movable contact 442 and piston structure 446 (similar to piston structure 204 in FIGS. 1-3 above). The piston structure 446 is configured such that when the pyrotechnic charge 448 is activated, the movable contact 442 and the piston structure 446 are forced in a direction away from the stationary contacts 434, 436, thereby breaking the circuit. It surrounds, at least in part, the Law Technique Charge (448). In some embodiments, fuse device 430 may include a support structure 450 configured to help hold stationary contacts 434, 436 and movable contacts 442 in place. In some embodiments, triggering of the pyrotechnic charge 448 causes the piston structure 446 to be pushed away from the pyrotechnic charge with a force that causes the support structure 450 to fracture or displace. In some embodiments, fuse device 430 may be triggered by an activation signal. In some embodiments, fuse device 430 may be triggered by a passive triggering configuration, such as the configuration discussed herein. 4 shows the fuse device 430 with fixed contacts 434, 436 and movable contact 442 glued together and in a “closed” state allowing electrical flow through fuse device 430. In contrast, Figure 5 shows an “open” state after triggering of the pyrotechnic charge 448, in which fixed contacts 434, 436 and movable contact 444 are disconnected and electrical flow through fuse device 430 is prevented. shows the fuse device 430 in .

Having described two types of switching devices, contactors and fuse devices, as example circumstances in which a pyrotechnic triggering mechanism in accordance with the present disclosure may be utilized, embodiments of a pyrotechnic triggering mechanism will now be more fully described. You can. In the following embodiments described in connection with FIGS. 6 to 11 , the pyrotechnic triggering configuration will be described with reference to its application to the contactor device of FIGS. 1 to 3 . However, the pyrotechnical triggering configuration described in connection with FIGS. 6-11 may trigger on any switching mechanism that includes a pyrotechnical feature, including, for example, a fuse device as described in connection with FIGS. 4-5. It is understood that it can be applied as a device.

6 shows a PCB 502 (trace not shown) similar to PCB 400 in FIGS. 1-3, a power terminal 504 similar to fixed contact structures 104, 106 in FIGS. 1-3, and A pyrotechnic triggering arrangement (500) is shown including a passive trigger switch (506). FIG. 6 further illustrates a pyrotechnic triggering arrangement 500 integrated with an electrical device 503 comprising a body 508 , which may be similar to body 102 , housing internal components therein. The pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500 of FIG. 6 is shown without the upper “cap” portion of the body so that the PCB 502 is visible and exposed; however, in normal device operation, the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500 is shown as a closed body containing a cap and an epoxy material. Features may be included. Figure 6 also shows a pyrotechnic pin 510 similar to the pyrotechnic pin 203 of Figures 1-3. For example, a coil pin 512 is included to enable electrical connection to an inner coil or solenoid, similar to solenoid 112 in FIGS. 1-3. Also included is a tubular structure 514 that can facilitate the management of negative gases within the electrical device 503 or the formation of an internal gas-tight seal.

In operation of the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500 of FIG. 6, a predetermined level of current is generated, e.g., a level indicative of a dangerous level of current that could result in a hazard such as fire or permanent damage to the device. When current passes through device 503, passive trigger switch 506 will be activated. This in turn completes the circuit to send a signal to the pyrotechnic pin 510, activating an inner pyrotechnic element, for example, pyrotechnic charge 202 of FIGS. 1-3. In this embodiment, PCB 502 may be configured to direct a triggering signal to pyrotechnic pin 510, which is in electrical communication with a pyrotechnic feature internal to device 503. The electrical path for this triggering signal may be dependent on closing or activating the passive trigger switch 506, so that when the passive trigger switch 506 is open or not triggered (at rest), the pyrotechnic The electrical path for the triggering signal provided to pin 510 is blocked. Likewise, when the passive trigger switch 506 is closed or activated, a triggering signal can be directed toward the pyrotechnic pin 510 and trigger the inner pyrotechnic feature.

Passive trigger switch 506 may be connected to a sensor that detects when a predetermined level of current passes through device 503, and the sensor sends a signal causing passive trigger switch 506 to be triggered. In some embodiments, it is the passive trigger switch 506 itself that is configured to detect or passively trigger in response when the current flowing through device 503 reaches a predetermined level. For example, in some embodiments, passive trigger switch 506 responds to a magnetic field generated by current flowing through power terminal 504 of device 503 or from the flow of current through a region of device 503. Includes a switch configured to

In some embodiments, passive trigger switch 506 is a reed switch or other switching mechanism configured to be activated in response to the generation of a magnetic field of sufficient intensity. Different configurations can be used with reed switches. For example, a reed switch can be configured to open when the contact is at rest and close when a sufficient magnetic field is present, or to close when at rest and open when a sufficient magnetic field is present. Additionally, in some embodiments, the reed switch may be configured as a reed relay and activated by a magnetic coil. In most embodiments involving a reed switch herein, the reed switch is open when the contacts are at rest, such that an electrical signal is transmitted to the pyrotechnic pin 510 until a sufficient magnetic field corresponding to a hazardous current level closes the reed switch. ) is configured to prevent it from being moved to ).

In some embodiments, PCB 502 includes a plurality of passive trigger switching mounting features 516 that allow pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500 to be adjusted depending on the desired trip current. For example, Figure 7 shows a pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500, a PCB 502, an electrical device 503, a power terminal 504, a passive trigger switch 506, a body 508, and a pyrotechnic pin ( 510), coil fin 512, tubular structure 514, and trigger switching mounting feature 516. As shown in Figure 7, the desired trip current can be adjusted by mounting a passive trigger switch 506 on a different one of the trigger switch mounting features 516, which in turn connect the passive trigger switch 506 and the power terminal 504. ) The trip distance 518 between one or more power terminals can be adjusted.

By adjusting the tripping distance 518 between the passive trigger switch 506 and one or more of the power terminals 504, the passive trigger switch 506 can be activated and thereby triggering the internal pyrotechnic features of the device. The amount of current flowing through device 503 can be adjusted as required. For example, passive trigger switch 506 may include a reed switch configured to activate when a predetermined magnetic field is generated due to a predetermined level of current flowing through power terminal 504. The strength of the magnetic field required to trigger the passive trigger switch 506 and thus the corresponding level of current flowing through the device required to trigger the passive trigger switch 506 are determined by the passive trigger switch 506 and the power terminal 504. ) can be adjusted by simply changing the trip distance 518 between. In the depicted embodiment, this can be accomplished by mounting the passive trigger switch 506 to a different passive trigger switch mounting feature 516.

By moving the passive trigger switch 506 further away from the power terminal 504 , a larger magnetic field and thus a larger magnetic field are required to trigger the passive trigger switch 506 and thus the pyrotechnic features of the device 503 . Depending on this, a larger current may be required. This allows for different trip currents based on the placement of the passive trigger switch 506 on different features among the passive trigger switch mounting features 516, while allowing the device to be mass produced on a pre-designed switching device on a pre-designed PCB. can be provided. For example, passive trigger switch mounting feature 516 may be at positions on PCB 502 that correspond to different levels of magnetic field strength, which in turn may correspond to different levels of desired trip current. A company can manufacture one PCB configuration and place the passive trigger switch 506 on different passive trigger switch mounting features 516 to create a device that trips at different currents. For example, in embodiments that utilize a coil or solenoid with a contactor, the passive trigger switch 506 may be configured to turn off the power provided to the coil. In such embodiments, this configuration may reduce the time it takes to open the contact because the pyrotechnic feature does not need to resist the coil.

In other embodiments, additional features may be included instead of or in addition to the trigger switch mounting feature 516 to further interact with the passive trigger switch 506. For example, FIG. 8 shows a device 602 with a pyrotechnic triggering configuration 600 similar to the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 500 of FIGS. 6 and 7. Device 603 includes a PCB 602 (similar to PCB 502 in FIG. 7), an electrical device 603 (similar to electrical device 503 in FIG. 7), and a power terminal 504 (in FIG. 7). and a power terminal 604 (similar). Device 603 includes a passive trigger switch 606 (similar to passive trigger switch 506 in Figure 7), a body 608 (similar to body 508 in Figure 7), and a pyrotechnic pin (in Figure 7). A pyrotechnic fin 610 (similar to 510), a coil fin 612 (similar to coil fin 512 in FIG. 7), and a tubular structure 614 (similar to tubular structure 514 in FIG. 7). Includes more. Although similar embodiments may include a trigger switch mounting feature, the embodiment shown in Figure 8 does not include a trigger switch mounting feature. Instead, the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 600 includes a core structure 630 that contributes to determining the target trip current of the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 600.

Core structure 630 may include any known material capable of channeling, directing, or controlling the magnetic field generated by current flowing through device 603. For example, in some embodiments, core structure 630 includes metal. In some embodiments, core structure 630 includes iron, iron alloy, or other ferrous material. In some embodiments, core structure 630 is magnetic. Core structure 630 may include any suitable shape or configuration that produces desired magnetic field characteristics, including any regular or irregular polygon or custom shape. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, core structure 630 includes a curved strip shape. Core structure 630 may be configured at any spatial location relative to device 603 and PCB 602 to facilitate interaction between the generated magnetic field and passive trigger switch 606. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, core structure 630 at least partially surrounds one of the power terminals 604 and is adjacent to passive trigger switch 606.

The magnetic field generated from the core structure 630 may be more significant than the magnetic field of the power terminal itself, and the desired trigger current may be generated from the power terminal 604 and the passive trigger switch 606, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 6-7. Rather, it can be controlled by adjusting the distance between a portion of the core structure 630 and the passive trigger switch 606. For example, Figure 9 shows a pyrotechnic triggering configuration 600, PCB 602, electrical device 603, electrical power terminal 604, passive trigger switch 606, body 608, and pyrotechnic pins. 610, coil fin 612, tubular structure 614, and core structure 630 are shown. 9 also shows the tripping distance 636 between the passive trigger switch 606 and the core structure 630. 7-8 , the passive trigger switch 606 is configured to be activated when a predetermined magnetic field is generated due to a predetermined level of current flowing through the power terminal 604 and/or the core structure 630. The device may include a reed switch or other passive mechanism.

The strength of the magnetic field required to trigger the passive trigger switch 606, and thus the corresponding level of current flowing through the device required to trigger the passive trigger switch 606, is determined by the passive trigger switch 606 and the core structure 630. ) can be adjusted by simply changing the trip distance 636 between portions of By moving the passive trigger switch 606 further away from the core structure 630, a greater current is required to trigger the passive trigger switch 606 and thus the pyrotechnic features of the device 603. It can be.

In some embodiments, an external triggering mechanism may be used instead of or in addition to trigger switch mounting feature 606 or core structure 630. In other embodiments, an external triggering mechanism may be used in addition to a PCB, although in some embodiments, such an external triggering mechanism may replace the need for a PCB. An exemplary embodiment in which an external triggering mechanism replaces the need for a PCB is shown in Figure 10. FIG. 10 shows a pyrotechnic triggering configuration 700 (similar to the pyrotechnic triggering configuration 600 of FIG. 8 ). Configuration 700 includes an electrical device 703 (similar to electrical device 603 in Figure 8), a power terminal 704 (similar to power terminal 604 in Figure 8), and a passive trigger switch 606 (in Figure 8). ) (similar to) passive trigger switch 706, body 708 (similar to body 608 in Figure 8), pyrotechnic pin 710 (similar to pyrotechnic pin 610 in Figure 8), inner It includes an access point 712 that can provide wire access to a solenoid or coil, and a tubular structure 714 (similar to tubular structure 614 in FIG. 8). FIG. 10 also shows body 708 including a top or cap portion 716 from which power terminal 704 protrudes.

It is understood that a top or cap portion similar to the cap portion 716 of body 708 shown in FIG. 10 may be applied to any other embodiment incorporating features of the present invention. For example, it is understood that the device embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 8 are shown without cap portions to better illustrate the underlying PCB configuration. However, during final assembly, the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 8 may have all internal components fully embedded within the body and may include a cap portion of the body.

The embodiment of FIG. 10 also shows an outer triggering mechanism 730 that includes a passive trigger switch 706, a conductive bus bar 732, and a spacer portion 734. As shown in FIG. 10 , conductive bus bar 732 may include multiple connection portions, and in the illustrated embodiment, conductive bus bar 732 connects one of the power terminals 704 to device 708. It includes a first connection point 736 configured to be connected, and a second connection point 738 configured to be connected to an external power source.

Conductive bus bar 732 may include any conductive material, such as a metallic material. In some embodiments, conductive bus bar 732 includes copper. Spacer portion 734 may include a non-magnetic material. Conductive bus bar 732 may be configured to allow current to flow to pyrotechnic pin 710 and thereby trigger the inner pyrotechnic feature of device 703. 6 and 8 the passive trigger switch 706, similar to the passive trigger switch in the embodiment of FIGS. It is configured to be in.

When the current from device 703 reaches a threshold level, a magnetic field sufficient to trigger passive trigger switch 706 is generated. This causes current from an external power source connected to the second connection 738 of the conductive bus bar 732 to flow through the conductive bus bar 732 to the pyrotechnic pin 710, thereby improving the pyrotechnic features of the device. Allows triggering.

The critical magnetic field required to activate the passive trigger switch 706, and thus the required current level, defined as sufficiently hazardous to ensure activation of the pyrotechnic circuit break feature, is supplied from the conductive bus bar 732 to the passive trigger switch ( 706) can be adjusted by adjusting the distance. This can be achieved, for example, by adjusting the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer portion 734. For example, FIG. 11 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the outer triggering mechanism 730 of FIG. 10, which includes a passive trigger switch 706, a conductive bus bar 732, and a spacer portion 734. ), including a first connection point 736 and a second connection point 738. 11 also shows the trip distance 750 corresponding to the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer portion 734.

As with the embodiments discussed above, passive trigger switch 706 may include a reed switch or other passive mechanism. The switch may be configured to be activated when a predetermined magnetic field is generated due to a predetermined level of current flowing through the power terminal 604, where the power terminal 604 is electrically connected to the external triggering mechanism 730. It is done. The strength of the magnetic field required to trigger the passive trigger switch 706 and thus the corresponding level of current flowing through the device 703 required to trigger the passive trigger switch 706 are This can be adjusted by simply changing the trip distance 750 between bus structures 732. to trigger the passive trigger switch 706 by increasing the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer portion 734 and thus moving the passive trigger switch 706 further away from the conductive bus structure 732, and thus device 703 ), larger currents may be required to trigger the pyrotechnic features. Likewise, by moving the passive trigger switch 706 closer to the conductive bus structure 732, there is less magnetic field to trigger the passive trigger switch 706 and thus the pyrotechnic features of the device 703. And therefore less current will be required.

It is understood that different pyrotechnic passive switch circuits can be arranged in many different ways in accordance with the present invention. Figure 12 shows a simplified schematic diagram of one embodiment of a pyrotechnic passive switching circuit 800 in accordance with the present invention. Circuit 800 generally includes an operational power circuit 802 that includes a standard operational power source 804 coupled to an operational load 806 that is energized and powered by power source 804. A contactor or fuse 808 is arranged in circuit 800 to break the electrical connection between the power source 804 and the load when hazardous current flows through circuit 802. It is also understood that fuse 808 may be included with features that operate as a contactor to disconnect power source 804 from the load during normal operating conditions. It is also understood that the fuse may include a contactor that the passive switching circuit 808 operates to change the condition of the contactor blocking the circuit path as described above.

A pyrotechnic activation circuit 810 may be included, arranged to operate in conjunction with the operating power circuit 802 to protect against overcurrent conditions. Circuit 810 includes a pyrotechnic actuator/activator 812 as described above, arranged to change the conditions of fuse 808 when activated. The circuit also includes an overcurrent actuated pyrotechnic fuse trigger 814 arranged adjacent to the circuit 802 in a position to detect an overcurrent condition in the circuit 802. In the depicted embodiment, trigger 814 may include a reed switch, but it is understood that many different alternative devices could be used. Trigger 814 may be placed in many different locations relative to circuit 802, for example, adjacent to a power terminal as described above or adjacent to another conductor in the circuit that carries actuation current. Circuit 810 may also include a secondary power source 816 that may be coupled to pyrotechnic actuator 812 when the fuse trigger closes in response to an elevated current level.

During operation, fuse 808 closes, allowing operating power source 804 to power load 806. When a normal current level flows through circuit 802, trigger 814 remains open and secondary power source 816 is disconnected from pyrotechnic actuator 812. When current flows through circuit 802 above a certain level (a dangerously high level), trigger 814 closes in response to an elevated magnetic field. This connects the secondary power source to the pyrotechnic actuator 812, which causes the actuator to actuate and blow the fuse 808. This in turn disconnects the operating power source 804 from the load 806, thereby blocking the conductive path for the elevated current in the circuit 802.

It is understood that different circuits according to the present invention can be arranged in many different ways, with many different devices and elements. Many different secondary power sources can be used, with some embodiments using a capacitor circuit or integrated battery that stores sufficient charge to initiate the pyrotechnic actuator 812. In other embodiments, the secondary power source may also include sufficient low voltage power on board to initiate the pyrotechnic actuator 812.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of a pyrotechnic passive switching circuit 900 according to the present invention that includes many of the same features as the switching circuit 800 shown in FIG. 12 . Circuit 900 includes an operating power circuit 902 that includes a standard operating power source 904 coupled to an operating load 906. A contactor or fuse 908 is arranged in circuit 900 to break the electrical connection between power source 904 and load 906 when hazardous current flows through circuit 902.

Circuit 900 includes an overcurrent operated pyrotechnic fuse trigger 914 and pyrotechnic actuator/activator 912 similar to those described above. However, in circuit 900, these elements are not arranged in a separate pyrotechnic activation circuit that operates in conjunction with a secondary power source to initiate pyrotechnic actuator 912. Instead, this element is integrated with the operating power circuit 902, and the trigger 914 is arranged to sense an elevated current in the circuit 902 and is also coupled to the circuit 902 at a conductor through which the elevated current flows. . In the depicted embodiment, trigger 914 is coupled to a circuit conductor in parallel with fuse 908, but it is understood that the trigger may be arranged in other ways.

During normal operation, trigger 914 is open and power from power source 904 is conducted to load 906 through fuse 908. When the trigger 914 senses an elevated current, the trigger closes and the elevated current flows through the trigger 914 to the pyrotechnic actuator 912, starting the actuator and blocking the fuse 908. This blocks the normal conduction path between power source 904 and load 908.

Trigger 914 is also arranged such that elevated current from power source 904 can quickly rupture or otherwise destroy trigger 914, thereby blocking the current path through trigger 914. Trigger 914 carries current long enough to activate the actuator, but is destroyed shortly thereafter. This results in the power source 904 being electrically isolated from the load 906 and any elevated current path being blocked. It is understood that the trigger 914 and actuator 912 may have elements that accommodate them during fracture or initiation, for example an enclosing material such as epoxy.

It is also understood that the elements of a circuit according to the invention may be joined together using many different electrical conductors. This may include conductive paths or wires on a printed circuit board. The circuit described above can be arranged or integrated on a contactor or fuse to provide a compact device that is convenient to use. Circuit 900 may provide certain advantages, such as not requiring a separate secondary power source to operate pyrotechnic actuator 912. This can ultimately make the device compact and inexpensive.

Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to specific preferred configurations of the invention, other versions are possible. Embodiments of the invention may include any combination of compatible features shown in the various figures, and such embodiments are not limited to those explicitly illustrated and discussed. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of the invention should not be limited to the version described above.

The foregoing is intended to cover all modifications and alternative arrangements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention, and no part of the disclosure is explicitly or implicitly committed to the public domain even if not recited in the claims. It is not intended to be

Claims (21)

As an electrical switching device,
housing;
An inner component within the housing - the inner component configured to change the state of the switching device from a closed state, allowing current flow through the switching device, to an open state, blocking current flow through the switching device. -;
a pyrotechnic feature, wherein the pyrotechnic feature is configured to interact with the inner component to transition the switching device from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic feature is activated;
a passive trigger switch that activates the pyrotechnic feature when triggered, the passive trigger switch configured to trigger in response to a magnetic field reaching a threshold intensity when a threshold current level flows through the switching device;
at least one core structure, wherein the threshold current level is determined at least in part by a distance between the passive trigger switch and the core structure; and
An electrical switching device comprising a power terminal electrically coupled to the inner component for connection to an outer circuit.
According to paragraph 1,
The electrical switching device of claim 1, wherein the passive trigger switch comprises a reed switch. According to paragraph 1,
An electrical switching device, wherein the passive trigger switch is connected to a PCB. According to paragraph 3,
and wherein the threshold strength of the magnetic field is determined at least in part by the distance of the passive trigger switch from at least one of the power terminals. According to paragraph 4,
Wherein the PCB includes a plurality of passive trigger switch mounting features. According to clause 5,
An electrical switching device, wherein the plurality of passive trigger switch mounting features are configured at positions at different distances from at least one of the power terminals such that the positions correspond to different desired triggering threshold values based on different magnetic field threshold strengths. delete According to paragraph 1,
wherein the core structure at least partially surrounds at least one of the power terminals.
According to clause 8,
Wherein the threshold strength of the magnetic field is determined by the distance of the passive trigger switch from a portion of the at least one core structure. As an electrical switching device,
housing;
an inner component within the housing, the inner component being configured to change the state of the switching device from a closed state, allowing current flow through the switching device, to an open state, blocking current flow through the switching device; ;
a pyrotechnic feature, wherein the pyrotechnic feature is configured to interact with the inner component to transition the switching device from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic feature is activated; and
A passive trigger switch that activates the pyrotechnic feature when triggered, wherein the passive trigger switch is configured to trigger in response to an elevated current signal flowing through the switching device, wherein the passive trigger switch uses the elevated current signal. arranged to activate the pyrotechnic feature - comprising,
The passive trigger switch is coupled to a PCB, the PCB including a plurality of passive trigger switch mounting features, the plurality of passive trigger switch mounting features being configured at positions at different distances from the at least one power terminal, wherein the positions Electrical switching device, corresponding to different desired triggering thresholds based on different magnetic field threshold strengths.
According to clause 10,
The electrical switching device of claim 1, wherein the passive trigger switch comprises a reed switch. delete delete delete According to clause 10,
wherein the passive trigger switch is configured to be triggered in response to an elevated current at the power terminal.
As an electrical system,
an operating power circuit, the operating power circuit comprising an operating power source coupled to an operating load by a current path, with a contactor between the power source and the load;
a pyrotechnic trigger circuit comprising a trigger/switch arranged to sense an elevated current in the operating power circuit; and
Pyrotechnic actuator - the trigger/switch closes in response to the elevated current in the operating power circuit and conducts the elevated current for a sufficient time to block the current path in the operating power circuit, causing the pyrotechnic actuator to activating a technique actuator to actuate the contactor, wherein the trigger/switch is destroyed by the elevated current after actuation of the pyrotechnic actuator. According to clause 16,
The contactor includes an inner component within a housing, the inner component switching the state of the switching device from a closed state, which allows current flow through the contactor, to an open state, which blocks current flow through the contactor. An electrical system configured to change to.
According to clause 17,
The pyrotechnic actuator interacts with the inner component to transition the contactor from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic actuator is activated. According to clause 17,
wherein the trigger circuit uses the elevated current to activate the pyrotechnic actuator. According to clause 17,
wherein the trigger circuit activates the pyrotechnic actuator using a secondary power source. According to clause 20,
The electrical system of claim 1, wherein the secondary power source includes a battery, capacitor circuit, or low voltage power.