KR102535406B1 - Vertical radiation pattern control antenna for unmand vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An omnidirectional vertical beam direction control antenna for an unmanned mobile vehicle is disclosed. An antenna for omnidirectional vertical beam direction control according to an embodiment includes a dielectric material; a radiation portion printed on an upper surface of the dielectric; a ground plane printed on the lower surface of the dielectric; a transmission line printed along the circumference of the ground plane; a feed line extending through the dielectric in a direction from the center of the radiation portion toward the ground plane; A trough extending from a position in the radiation part separated by a predetermined distance from the power supply line to the ground plane through the dielectric in a direction toward the ground plane, one end connected to the radiation section and the other end formed on the ground plane. Short-circuit line located in the hall; and an opening/closing switch element located between a center of the through hole and a circumference of the through hole, one end connected to the other end of the shorting line and the other end connected to the circumference of the through hole.

Description

Omnidirectional vertical beam direction control antenna for unmanned mobile application {VERTICAL RADIATION PATTERN CONTROL ANTENNA FOR UNMAND VEHICLE}

The disclosure below relates to an omnidirectional vertical beam direction control antenna for an unmanned mobile vehicle.

In order to collect information (eg, control information, sensing information) from an unmanned mobile vehicle, an omnidirectional antenna is generally used in a control device used at a fixed location on the ground and a transmitting/receiving device mounted on an unmanned mobile vehicle. The radio wave radiation characteristics of an omnidirectional antenna show omnidirectionality in the horizontal direction, but a null is formed in the vertical direction of the antenna and a maximum radiation direction is formed in the horizontal direction.

When communicating using a transmitter/receiver equipped with an unmanned mobile body, a control device on the ground and a radial angle between the unmanned mobile body and the unmanned mobile body vary according to the movement and movement of the unmanned mobile body. In general, the direction of the zero point tends to be formed along the direction of the vertical axis of the control device. In addition, the omnidirectional antenna is used with a fixed radiation direction and strength (eg, antenna gain) in a predetermined shape at a constant frequency.

Antennas that can be used by adjusting the radiation direction are generally directional antennas, so they are composed of a calculation device that can track the radiation direction and a mechanical rotation device that mechanically controls the direction. Because the device is complicated and the payload increases, it is generally used only for ground control devices.

The background art described above is possessed or acquired by the inventor in the process of deriving the disclosure of the present application, and cannot necessarily be said to be known art disclosed to the general public prior to the present application.

Embodiments may provide an antenna structure and control technology capable of varying a radiation shape of an antenna mounted on an unmanned mobile vehicle according to an environment in which the unmanned mobile vehicle operates.

Embodiments may vary only the radiation shape (eg, radiation direction) on a vertical plane while maintaining the omnidirectional characteristics of the antenna.

However, the technical challenges are not limited to the above-described technical challenges, and other technical challenges may exist.

An antenna for omnidirectional vertical beam direction control according to an embodiment includes a dielectric material; a radiation portion printed on an upper surface of the dielectric; a ground plane printed on the lower surface of the dielectric; a transmission line printed along the circumference of the ground plane; a feed line extending through the dielectric in a direction from the center of the radiation portion toward the ground plane; A trough extending from a position in the radiation part separated by a predetermined distance from the power supply line to the ground plane through the dielectric in a direction toward the ground plane, one end connected to the radiation section and the other end formed on the ground plane. Short-circuit line located in the hall; and an opening/closing switch element located between a center of the through hole and a circumference of the through hole, one end connected to the other end of the shorting line and the other end connected to the circumference of the through hole.

1 shows a perspective view of an antenna structure according to one embodiment.
2 is a side view showing a cross section of the antenna of FIG. 1;
3 shows a plan view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a diagram for explaining a connection method of an on/off switch connecting a short circuit and a ground plane.
5 shows an example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle.
6 shows another example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle.
7 shows an example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned boat.
8 shows another example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned boat.
9 is a diagram for explaining an example in which an antenna according to an embodiment is applied to an unmanned mobile body.

Specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments are disclosed for illustrative purposes only, and may be changed and implemented in various forms. Therefore, the form actually implemented is not limited only to the specific embodiments disclosed, and the scope of the present specification includes changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the technical idea described in the embodiments.

Although terms such as first or second may be used to describe various components, such terms should only be construed for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element.

It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being “connected” to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle.

Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate that the described feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof exists, but one or more other features or numbers, It should be understood that the presence or addition of steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in this specification, it should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. don't

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same components regardless of reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions thereof will be omitted.

1 is a perspective view of an antenna structure according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing a cross section of the antenna of FIG. 1 . The perspective view of FIG. 1 may be an oblique view of the antenna structure.

The antenna 10 (eg, a transceiver antenna) may be mounted on an unmanned vehicle (eg, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). The antenna 10 may be mounted on an unmanned mobile vehicle). It may be an omnidirectional vertical beam direction control antenna for

The antenna 10 includes a dielectric 103 and may have a planar structure that can be fabricated with a printed circuit board (PCB). The antenna 10 may have a structure printed with metal on both sides of the dielectric 103 of the printed board. The dielectric 103 may be in the form of a disk with a thickness.

The antenna 10 may include a radiating part 101 and a ground plane 102 . A circular radiation portion 101 may be printed on the upper surface of the dielectric 103, and a circular ground plane 102 may be printed on the lower surface of the dielectric 103. The radiation portion 101 and the ground plane 102 may be positioned to face each other with the dielectric 103 therebetween. The size of the radiation portion 101 and the ground plane 102 may be the same as or different from each other. For example, the center of the ground plane 102 and the radiation portion 101 coincide with each other, and the size of the ground plane 102 based on the center may be smaller than the size of the radiation portion 101 .

The transmission lines 102 - 1 may be printed in a form connected to the edge of the ground plane 102 in four directions along the circumference of the ground plane 102 . The transmission lines 102-1 may include first to fourth transmission lines.

The power supply line 104 may extend through the dielectric 103 in a direction from the center of the radiating portion 101 toward the ground plane 102 . A via hole corresponding to the feed line 104 may be formed in the dielectric 103 . The connection connector 105 may be located at the center of the ground plane 102 on a surface facing in an opposite direction to a plane facing the radiation portion 101 from the ground plane 102 . The power supply line 104 may extend through the connection connector 105 and may be short-circuited with a central conductor of the coaxial line connected to the connection connector 105 to supply power.

The shorting lines 106 extend from a position in the radiation part 101 that is a certain distance away from the feed line 104 to the ground plane 102 through the dielectric 103 in a direction toward the ground plane 102. It can be. In the dielectric 103 , via holes corresponding to the short circuit lines 106 may be formed.

The ground plane 102 may include a plurality of through-holes 110 corresponding to the shorting lines 106 . The shorting lines 106 may extend to the center of the through hole 110 formed in the ground plane 102 . In the shorting lines 106 , one end may be connected to the radiation part 101 and the other end may be located at the center of the corresponding through hole 110 . The radiation part 101 and the ground plane 102 may be connected through short circuit lines 106 .

The antenna 10 may include an open/close switch element 107 . The opening/closing switch element 107 may be located between the center of each through hole 110 formed on the ground plane 102 and the circumference of the through hole 110 (eg, an edge of the through hole 110). One end of the opening/closing switch element 107 (eg, a port of the opening/closing switch element 107) is connected to the other end of the shorting lines 106 located in the center of the through hole 110, and the opening/closing switch element 107 The other end (eg, the port of the open/close switch element 107) may be connected to the circumference of the through hole 110 (eg, the edge of the through hole 110 is the ground plane 102). The radiation portion 101 and the ground plane 102 may be short-circuited or open depending on the state of the open/close switch element 107 (eg, ON state or OFF state).

3 shows a plan view of the antenna shown in FIG. 1; (a) of FIG. 3 may be a plan view of the antenna 10 viewed from the top, and (b) of FIG. 3 may be a plan view of the antenna 10 viewed from the bottom.

The shape of the radiation portion 101 and the ground plane 102 may be circular. The radiation portion 101 formed on the upper surface of the dielectric 103 may be shorted to the ground plane 102 formed on the lower surface of the dielectric 103 along the shorting lines 106 . The power supply point 304 may be located at the center of the circular radiation part 101 .

The four transmission lines 102 - 1 may be connected to the edge of the ground plane 102 in a shape of rotating along the circumference of the ground plane 102 . The first transmission line and the third transmission line (for example, transmission lines positioned vertically when viewed from the front in FIG. 3) are located at the edge of the ground plane 102 to face each other, and the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line face each other. Lines (eg, transmission lines positioned in a horizontal direction when viewed from the front in FIG. 3 ) may be positioned at the edge of the ground plane 102 to face each other. A line connecting each point of the edge of the ground plane 102 where the first transmission line and the third transmission line are located connects each point of the edge of the ground plane 102 where the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are located. It can be perpendicular to the line.

The connection connector 105 may be located at the center of the ground plane 102 . The other end (eg, lower end) of each of the shorting lines 106 may be configured to open and close the ground plane 102 by connecting the open/close switch element 107 .

4 is a diagram for explaining a connection method of an on/off switch connecting a short circuit and a ground plane.

The control signal generator 401 outside the antenna 10 transmits a control signal (eg, a signal for controlling ON or OFF of the open/close switch element 107) to control the open/close switch element 107 along the signal line 402. can be printed out. The open/close switch element 107 may include a plurality of ports 107-1 to 107-3. When a control signal is received through the first port 107-1, the second port 107-2 and the third port 107-3 may be shorted or opened.

5 shows an example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

In FIG. 5 , it is assumed that the antenna 10 is installed at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle 501 so that the upper surface of the antenna 10 (eg, the surface where the waterproofing unit 101 is located) faces downward. 5 shows a radiation shape 504 of the antenna 10 when the opening/closing switch element 107 of the antenna 10 is turned off (eg, open). As shown in FIG. 5, the radiation shape of the antenna 10 may exhibit typical omni-directional antenna characteristics, such as a monopole antenna. .

6 shows another example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

In FIG. 6, as in FIG. 5, it is assumed that the antenna 10 is installed at the bottom of the drone 501 so that the upper surface of the antenna 10 (eg, the surface where the waterproofing part 101 is located) faces downward. do. 6 shows a radiation shape 604 of the antenna 10 when the opening/closing switch element 107 of the antenna 10 is turned on (eg, short circuit). As shown in FIG. 6 , a null direction may be formed in an upper direction of the unmanned aerial vehicle 501 and a main radial direction may be formed along a lower surface.

7 shows an example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned boat.

In FIG. 7 , it is assumed that the antenna 10 is installed on the upper surface of the unmanned boat 701 so that the upper surface of the antenna 10 (eg, the surface where the waterproofing unit 101 is located) faces upward. 7 shows a radiation shape 704 of the antenna 10 when the opening/closing switch element 107 of the antenna 10 is turned off (eg, open). As shown in FIG. 7, the radiation shape of the antenna shows typical omni-directional antenna characteristics like a monopole antenna, and a radial direction may be formed along a horizontal plane and a null direction along the top and bottom.

8 shows another example of a radiation shape of an antenna when the antenna of FIG. 1 is mounted on an unmanned boat.

In FIG. 8, it is assumed that the antenna 10 is installed on the upper surface of the unmanned boat 701 as in FIG. do. 8 shows a radiation shape 804 of the antenna 10 when the opening/closing switch element 107 of the antenna 10 is turned on (eg, short circuit). As shown in FIG. 8 , a null direction may be formed in the lower direction of the unmanned boat 701 and a main radial direction may be formed along the top and side surfaces.

9 is a diagram for explaining an example in which an antenna according to an embodiment is applied to an unmanned mobile body.

When the antenna 10 is mounted on the transmission/reception device of the unmanned mobile vehicle and communicates with the control device on the ground, it can be used as a method to overcome a phenomenon in which communication performance is deteriorated according to a change in the relative angle between the control device on the ground and the unmanned mobile body. can When the omni-directional antenna 10 is installed, the angle formed by the two communication devices (e.g., the transmission/reception device of the unmanned mobile vehicle and the control device on the ground) is aligned in the zero-point direction, thereby reducing the communication performance by a simple switch operation. The shape can be adjusted to show the effect of improving performance. The structure and control method of the antenna 10 according to the embodiment (e.g., switching operation of the switch element 107) maintains the characteristics of an omni-directional antenna on the horizontal plane to be used in an unmanned mobile body, and can adjust only the direction of a vertical beam. And, since the control method is simple, it can be applied to small unmanned mobile devices.

9 shows an example in which the antenna 10 is mounted on and used in an unmanned airplane. When an omni-directional antenna 903 is installed in a control device 902 installed on the ground surface 901 and there is a drone 905 flying at a short distance and a drone flying at a long distance 906, two drones 905 , 906) and the control device 902 on the ground increases as the drone approaches (θ2 > θ1). At this time, if the radiation shape is adjusted according to the distance of the drones 905 and 906, the antenna radiation direction is aligned with the main radiation direction, and communication performance can be improved.

The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as one or a plurality of software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described with limited drawings, those skilled in the art can apply various technical modifications and variations based on this. For example, the described techniques may be performed in an order different from the method described, and/or components of the described system, structure, device, circuit, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the method described, or other components may be used. Or even if it is replaced or substituted by equivalents, appropriate results can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents of the claims are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (10)

In the antenna for omnidirectional vertical beam direction control,
dielectric;
a radiation portion printed on an upper surface of the dielectric;
a ground plane printed on the lower surface of the dielectric;
a transmission line printed on the ground plane;
a feed line extending through the dielectric in a direction from the center of the radiation portion toward the ground plane;
It extends from a position in the radiating part separated by a predetermined distance from the power supply line to the ground plane through the dielectric in a direction toward the ground plane, and one end is connected to the radiating part and the other end is formed on the ground plane. Short-circuit line located in the through hole; and
An on/off switch element having one end connected to the other end of the shorting line and the other end connected to the circumference of the through hole.
including,
The transmission line,
First to fourth transmission lines printed in a form connected to the edge of the ground plane in a rotating shape along the circumference of the ground plane
Including, antenna.
According to claim 1,
The opening and closing switch element,
Positioned between the center of the through hole and the circumference of the through hole, the antenna.
According to claim 1,
The radiation part and the ground plane,
An antenna that is shorted or opened according to the state of the opening and closing switch element.
delete According to claim 1,
The first transmission line and the third transmission line are located at edges of the ground plane to face each other,
The second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are located at the edges of the ground plane so as to face each other,
A line connecting each point of the edge of the ground plane where the first transmission line and the third transmission line are located is perpendicular to the line connecting each point of the edge of the ground plane where the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are located, the antenna .
In the unmanned mobile body including an antenna for omnidirectional vertical beam direction control,
the antenna,
dielectric;
a radiation portion printed on an upper surface of the dielectric;
a ground plane printed on the lower surface of the dielectric;
a transmission line printed on the ground plane;
a feed line extending through the dielectric in a direction from the center of the radiation portion toward the ground plane;
It extends from a position in the radiating part separated by a predetermined distance from the power supply line to the ground plane through the dielectric in a direction toward the ground plane, and one end is connected to the radiating part and the other end is formed on the ground plane. Short-circuit line located in the through hole; and
An on/off switch element having one end connected to the other end of the shorting line and the other end connected to the circumference of the through hole.
including,
The transmission line,
First to fourth transmission lines printed in a form of rotating along the circumference of the ground plane and connected to the edge of the ground plane
Including, an unmanned mobile body.
According to claim 6,
The opening and closing switch element,
Positioned between the center of the through hole and the circumference of the through hole, an unmanned mobile body.
According to claim 6,
The radiation part and the ground plane,
An unmanned mobile body that is shorted or opened according to the state of the opening and closing switch element.
delete According to claim 6,
The first transmission line and the third transmission line are located at edges of the ground plane to face each other,
The second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are located at the edges of the ground plane so as to face each other,
A line connecting each point of the edge of the ground plane where the first transmission line and the third transmission line are located is perpendicular to the line connecting each point of the edge of the ground plane where the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are located, unmanned mobile body.

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