KR102451780B1 - An Air-route weather forecast method, apparatus and system based on ADS-B data - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the method of predicting air route weather based on Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data, the ADS- including route weather data collected by the at least one aircraft from at least one aircraft receiving B data; extracting the route weather data included in the ADS-B data; building a route weather prediction engine by learning the extracted route weather data; and predicting in advance a dangerous weather phenomenon that may occur on the route of the aircraft to be predicted using the built-up route weather prediction engine. may include.

Description

An Air-route weather forecast method, apparatus and system based on ADS-B data

The present specification provides a method, device and system for learning aircraft collected weather data received in ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) system through artificial intelligence technique, and predicting dangerous weather phenomena on aircraft routes in advance based on this. suggest

In recent years, machine learning applicable to various fields has been developed. Such machine learning is a field of artificial intelligence, and is divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, etc. according to the type, artificial neural network, boosting ( Boosting), decision trees, support vector machines, and random forests are being developed.

The artificial neural network includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer, and is divided into a shallow neural network and a deep neural network according to a method of stacking the hidden layer. In addition, convolutional neural networks ('ConvNet'), recurrent neural networks, deep belief networks, and deep Q-networks, which are more advanced artificial neural networks in deep neural networks, etc. are being developed, and the machine learning method of these artificial neural networks (including deep neural networks) is commonly referred to as deep learning. In other words, deep learning refers to machine learning that learns data using an information input/output layer similar to neurons in the brain, and attempts high-level abstraction through a combination of several non-linear transformation techniques.

Most of the aviation accidents that occur during take-off and landing are caused by sudden turbulence. Turbulence refers to a phenomenon in which the wind changes irregularly and difficult to predict, and typical dangerous turbulence during take-off and landing include wind shear and micro burst. When wind shear occurs, the aircraft entering the runway initially pushes the aircraft up due to abnormal lift due to the headwind, so the pilot lowers the thrust for landing. He suddenly loses the lift needed to maintain the

The risk of an aviation accident can be greatly reduced if the pilots are informed in advance of the dangerous situation on the aircraft that can have a fatal effect on safety.

In the related industry, various equipment for detecting such dangerous weather conditions are developed and sold, and representative examples include LLWAS (Low Level Wind Shear Alert System), LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), TDWR (Terminal Doppler Weather Radar), etc. this is being used

However, these air meteorological observation equipment provide only a function of detection, not prediction, and since they are very expensive, the cost burden is high in terms of airport operation. Therefore, there is a limit in that it is difficult to increase the reliability/accuracy of the weather prediction system for effectively responding to the occurrence of sudden turbulence using only the current detection technology. Furthermore, since all of the above-mentioned equipment are installed on the ground, and it detects the weather phenomenon in the sky based on the observation of the "ground" meteorological condition, the prediction of such a sudden phenomenon in the sky has been treated as an area that is virtually impossible.

Recently, the National Academy of Meteorological Sciences has developed a wind shear prediction model using two or more weather models using the ensemble method and is conducting a pilot service to the Air Meteorological Administration. an impossible level.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the method of predicting flight route weather data based on aircraft observation weather data collected by an Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system, the route collected by the at least one aircraft from at least one aircraft Receiving ADS-B data including weather data; extracting the route weather data included in the ADS-B data; building a route weather prediction engine by learning the extracted route weather data; and predicting in advance a dangerous weather phenomenon that may occur on the route of the aircraft to be predicted using the built-up route weather prediction engine. may include.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, weather data on the “passage” where the safety of the actual aircraft should be secured is transmitted through the ADS-B system, and dangerous weather that may occur on the “passage” based on the transmitted weather data in this way Because it predicts a phenomenon, there is an effect that reliability and accuracy can be guaranteed higher than that of the conventional weather forecasting equipment/system that predicts dangerous weather events on the “passage” based on the weather data on the “ground”.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the route weather prediction result is verified using PIREP, AIREP and/or weather information collection data of a subsequent aircraft flying on the same route, and the aviation weather prediction engine is operated according to the verification result. Since it is continuously updated, there is an effect that the reliability and accuracy of the aviation weather prediction engine are maintained high above a certain level.

In addition, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-described effects, and will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

1 is a diagram of a route weather prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a state diagram of a route weather prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of an aviation weather prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a dangerous weather phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram of a route weather prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a flowchart illustrating an ADS-B data reception method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a diagram illustrating ADS-B data and route weather data extracted from ADS-B data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a flowchart illustrating a verification method of a route weather prediction engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Since the technology to be described below can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the technology described below to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the technology described below.

Terms such as first, second, A, and B may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the above terms, and only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components. used only as For example, a first component may be named as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component without departing from the scope of the technology to be described below. and/or includes a combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

In terms of terms used herein, the singular expression should be understood to include a plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and terms such as "comprises" include the described feature, number, step, operation, and element. , parts or combinations thereof are to be understood, but not to exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, step operation components, parts or combinations thereof.

Prior to a detailed description of the drawings, it is intended to clarify that the classification of the constituent parts in the present specification is merely a division according to the main function that each constituent unit is responsible for. That is, two or more components to be described below may be combined into one component, or one component may be divided into two or more for each more subdivided function. In addition, each of the constituent units to be described below may additionally perform some or all of the functions of other constituent units in addition to the main function it is responsible for. Of course, it can also be performed by being dedicated to it.

In addition, in performing the method or operation method, each process constituting the method may occur differently from the specified order unless a specific order is clearly described in context. That is, each process may occur in the same order as specified, may be performed substantially simultaneously, or may be performed in the reverse order.

The route weather prediction system proposed in this specification is basically based on the aircraft collected weather data collected through the ADS-B system.

Here, ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) corresponds to a monitoring system of a GPS satellite (Global Positioning System), an aircraft, and a ground control station. More specifically, the GPS satellite transmits the location information of the aircraft to the aircraft, and the aircraft periodically automatically sends various flight information such as its location, altitude, flight speed and/or weather conditions on the route to ground control or other aircraft. The transmission/broadcasting system is collectively referred to as ADS-B. In this case, flight information periodically transmitted/broadcast from the aircraft may be transmitted in the form (or format) of ADS-B data (or message/information) defined in the ADS-B standard.

It is an object of the present invention to learn such ADS-B data to build a route weather prediction engine that can predict dangerous weather events (eg, wind shear and/or microburst, etc.) that may occur on a route in advance. .

First, let's look at the route weather prediction system that is the basis for building the route weather prediction engine.

1 is a diagram of a route weather prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the route weather prediction system of the present invention may be largely composed of an ADS-B data transmission system 100 and an aviation weather prediction service 110 .

The ADS-B data transmission system 100 refers to a network configured to receive ADS-B data including route weather data collected by the aircraft 101 from the aircraft 101 . The ADS-B data transmission system 100 may largely include an aircraft 101 and/or an aircraft collecting weather information receiving device 102 .

The aircraft 101 is an aircraft that flies on a route, and may transmit/broadcast ADS-B data to the outside. In particular, in the ADS-B data transmission system 100 of the present invention, the aircraft 101 broadcasts (periodically) ADS-B data including its own flight information (especially, weather information/data on the route) ( can be broadcast).

Furthermore, the aircraft 101 may additionally transmit the aviation engine-side weather information received from the AMDAR (Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay) system to improve the reliability of the collected information, expand the prediction range, and reconsider the accuracy. AMDAR is a cooperative project between the government and private companies recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and corresponds to real-time aviation agency-side weather data that provides weather data/data/information observed and collected by aircraft to the control system. AMDAR is particularly used for accurate weather forecasting, and in the present invention, such AMDAR can be included in ADS-B data as weather information/data on the route to predict dangerous weather events on the route. AMDAR includes various weather information/data such as air speed measured through the pitot tube of the aircraft 101, air pressure measured through the static pressure tube, air speed and ground speed calculated through GPS, and temperature measured through a temperature sensor. can

In this specification, the description is focused on an embodiment in which AMDAR is transmitted through ADS-B data, but is not limited thereto, and AMDAR can be used as airway weather data for route weather prediction independently of ADS-B data, and this In this case, the AMDAR may be transmitted to the aviation weather prediction service 110 through various communication systems other than the ADS-B data transmission system.

The aircraft collection weather information receiving device 102 may serve to receive/collect ADS-B data transmitted/broadcast from the aircraft 101 and transmit it to the aviation weather prediction service 110 .

Aviation weather forecasting service 110 receives/collects ADS-B data to predict/monitor risks (especially dangerous weather phenomena) that may occur on the route of aircraft 101 in flight, and a network configured to prepare for this. means net. Aviation weather prediction service 110 may largely include a collection server 111 and a processing server 112 .

The collection server 111 may correspond to a device/server serving to collect and store ADS-B data transmitted from the ADS-B data transmission system 100 . The processing server 112 loads and learns the stored ADS-B data to build a route weather prediction engine, and uses the built route weather prediction engine to predict dangerous weather phenomena that may occur on the route of the aircraft to be predicted in advance. It may correspond to the predictive device/server. According to an embodiment, the collection server 111 and the processing server 112 may be integrated and implemented as one device/server, or may be implemented as a plurality of independent devices/servers.

Embodiments described in this specification may be performed based on such a weather forecasting system, and specific embodiments of a weather forecasting method will be described below in detail with reference to each drawing.

2 is a state diagram of a route weather prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the route weather prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be largely divided into three states: learning 201 , prediction 202 , and verification 203 , and the states are sequentially cycled. do. For example, the route weather prediction method can be performed by sequentially circulating states in the form of learning 201 → prediction 202 → verification 203 → learning 201 → ... It may be performed using the route weather prediction engine by the above-described processing server.

For example, the route weather prediction system (in particular, the processing server) can build a route weather prediction engine by 'learning (201)' the ADS-B data, and using the built route weather prediction engine, It is possible to 'predict (202)' the weather condition on the route, 'verify (203)' the predicted result using actual weather information, and 'learning (201)' the verified result again to use the route weather prediction engine. can be updated.

As such, the route weather prediction method of the present invention has a structure that not only builds a route weather prediction engine by learning ADS-B data received from at least one aircraft, but also continuously verifies the built route weather prediction engine, It has the effect of being able to build/maintain a route weather prediction engine with very high reliability and accuracy. A more specific method of constructing a route weather prediction engine will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 .

3 is a flowchart of an aviation weather prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the case of this flowchart, at least one step may be excluded or newly added according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the priority route weather prediction system may receive ADS-B data from at least one aircraft ( S301 ). In more detail, the aircraft collection weather information receiving device of the route weather prediction system may receive ADS-B data including the route weather data collected by at least one aircraft. In this case, the ADS-B data may be broadcast/transmitted (periodically) from at least one aircraft.

Next, the route weather prediction system (in particular, the processing and/or collection server) may extract route weather data of at least one aircraft included in the received ADS-B data (S302). In the case of ADS-B data, the data format defined in the ADS-B standard is followed, and by data format, aircraft identification information, time, ICAO, CallSign, latitude, longitude, altitude, ground speed, true Various flight information may be included, such as Air Speed, True track angle, Heading, Mach Number, Roll, FlagRoll, Vertical Speed Rate and/or AMDAR. The processing server uses the flight information included in the ADS-B data (for example, by substituting factors included in the flight information into a preset equation) to weather the flight path of the aircraft that has transmitted the ADS-B data. data can be extracted.

For example, the processing server may calculate the wind direction and wind speed on the route by using the vector difference between the ground-based relative speed and the atmospheric-based relative speed of the aircraft.

Aircraft can directly monitor the temperature through the temperature sensor onboard the aircraft, but the ADS-B data transmitted to the ground does not include this temperature information. Accordingly, the processing server may calculate the temperature by substituting the True Air Speed and Mach Number included in the ADS-B data into Equation (2).

Here, T is the temperature, γ is the ratio of special heats, Rd is the Gas Constant of dry air, and Vt is the True Air Speed.

The intensity of the turbulence (i.e., the vertical acceleration value of the aircraft), which is a phenomenon in which the aircraft shakes up and down, is calculated by substituting the vertical velocity of the aircraft included in the ADS-B data into Equation 3 (that is, dividing the vertical velocity of the aircraft by the time (Δt)) ) can be calculated by

In addition, the processing server may extract weather data on the route by substituting various flight data included in the ADS-B data into a predefined equation.

Next, the route weather prediction system (particularly, the processing server) may learn the extracted route weather data to build a route weather prediction engine ( S303 ). More specifically, the route weather prediction system filters past weather conditions where dangerous weather events occurred based on the extracted route weather data and learns them to predict and establish specific weather conditions for dangerous weather events to occur. have. For example, if the 1st temperature, 2nd wind speed, 3rd wind direction, 4th vertical acceleration, etc. are calculated/extracted as weather conditions by analyzing ADS-B data transmitted by aircraft at the time of wind shear, route weather prediction The system can predict and establish the weather conditions as the weather conditions for wind shear to occur. Furthermore, the route weather prediction system may build a route weather prediction engine using/based on the predicted and established weather conditions. Here, the route weather prediction engine receives the route weather condition of the prediction target aircraft as input data, and predicts the possibility of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon on the route of the prediction target aircraft based on the degree of similarity between the input data and the established weather conditions It may mean an engine (or algorithm/system/protocol/program/application) that outputs as a result. This route weather prediction engine may be executed/driven by a processing server in the route weather prediction system.

The route weather prediction system (particularly, the processing server) may learn based on various machine learning, machine learning, or deep learning when learning past weather conditions. For example, the en route weather prediction system is an input layer/data to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and/or Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). As a result, it is possible to learn by inputting the weather conditions in the past where dangerous weather events occurred.

In particular, in the case of learning based on ANN, the route weather prediction system learns past weather conditions and sets and fine-tunes weights for each weather condition/factor (for example, as a result of learning, It is possible to build a route weather prediction engine by assigning a higher weight to the factors determined to be And/or, in the case of learning based on DNN/CNN, the route weather prediction system learns the past weather conditions where dangerous weather events occurred and extracts certain features/patterns from them, resulting in more accurate dangerous weather conditions can be predicted and established. And/or, when learning based on RNN, the en route weather prediction system uses a cyclic structure to learn from the past (e.g., weather conditions established in the past) and learning from the present (e.g., through validation). established weather conditions) to continuously build/update the en route weather prediction engine.

Finally, the route weather prediction system (particularly, the processing server) may predict in advance a dangerous weather phenomenon that may occur on the route of the aircraft to be predicted by using the built route weather prediction engine (S304). A more detailed description thereof will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 4 .

4 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a dangerous weather phenomenon according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In particular, this flowchart illustrates a specific embodiment of step S304 of FIG. 3 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , the preferred route weather prediction system may receive ADS-B data from a prediction target aircraft ( S401 ).

Next, as in step S302 of FIG. 3 , the route weather prediction system may extract various weather conditions of the route of the prediction target aircraft from the received ADS-B data ( S402 ).

Next, the route weather prediction system may input the extracted route weather condition as input data to the route weather prediction engine (S403). In this case, the route weather prediction engine may predict the possibility/non-occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon by comparing the current weather conditions on the route of the input prediction target aircraft with the established weather conditions. The route weather prediction engine may predict that the higher the similarity between the current weather condition and the established weather condition, the higher the probability of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon.

If the probability of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon is predicted to be higher than a preset level (eg, 80% or higher similarity) by the route weather prediction engine, the route weather forecasting system provides an alert indicating the risk of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon. ) can be provided to the user. In this case, the user may inform the pilot of the predicted aircraft that a dangerous weather phenomenon may occur and guide/instruct them to prepare for it, and as a result, it is possible to prevent an aviation accident due to bad weather in advance.

And/or, the en route weather forecasting system directly transmits the forecast result to the forecast target aircraft (in real time or periodically) or directly sends a warning message to warn the predicted risk of a dangerous weather event to the forecast target aircraft You can also send it to

5 is a diagram of a route weather prediction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In particular, this figure corresponds to an embodiment in which the system diagram of FIG. 1 is more detailed for each configuration. That is, FIG. 5 is only one embodiment of FIG. 1 , and the route weather prediction system diagram of the present invention is not limited to FIG. 5 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , the aircraft collecting weather information receiving device 102 may include an ADS-B data collecting unit 102-1, a processor 102-2, and/or a communication unit 102-3.

The ADS-B data collection unit 102-1 may periodically/aperiodically receive ADS-B data (or message/information) transmitted from at least one aircraft. The ADS-B data collection unit 102-1 may transmit the collected ADS-B data to the processor 102-2.

The processor 102-2 may process and collect the ADS-B data received from the ADS-B data collection unit 102-1. Furthermore, the processor 102-2 may transmit the received ADS-B data to the communication unit 102-3, and the communication unit 102-3 transmits the received ADS-B data using at least one wired/wireless communication protocol. It may be transmitted to the aviation weather prediction service 110 . For example, the communication unit 102-3 may include at least one (preferably, two) LTE (Long-Term Evolution) virtual private network (VPN) routers, and TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ ADS-B data received through Internet Protocol) communication may be transmitted to the aviation weather prediction service 110 . For smooth and reliable communication between the aircraft collecting weather information receiving device 102 and the aviation weather forecasting service 110, a dedicated line (charging line) between the aircraft collecting meteorological information receiving device 102 and the Aviation Meteorological Administration may be provided have.

The collection server 111 and the processing server 112 have in common the communication units 111-1 and 112-1, the processors 111-2 and 112-2 and/or the storage units 111-3 and 112-3. In the following, common functions of each configuration for each server will be first described, and then, different functions for each server will be separately described.

The communication units 111-1 and 112-1 may perform communication using at least one wired/wireless communication protocol and transmit/receive data, similarly to the communication unit 102-2 of the ADS-B data collection device 102 .

The processors 111 - 2 and 112 - 2 communicate with at least one other component included in the servers 111 and 112 and control them to perform the embodiments proposed in the present specification. In particular, the processors 111 - 2 and 112 - 2 may perform an operation on at least one application or program for executing the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. For example, the processors 111 - 2 and 112 - 2 are CPU (Central Processing Unit), MPU (Micro Processor Unit), MCU (Micro Controller Unit), AP (Application Processor), AP (Application Processor), or the present invention. It may be configured to include at least one processor of any type well known in the art. Accordingly, the processors 111-2 and 112-2 may be described as replacing the devices/servers 102, 111, and 112 that are the subject of the embodiment.

The storage units 111-3 and 112-3 may store various digital data. In this specification, the storage units 111-3 and 112-3 may particularly store ADS-B data. The storage units 111-3 and 112-3 provide a virtual storage space such as a cloud and a database as well as a hardware storage space such as a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), and a solid state drive (SSD). It may mean a software storage space, such as a service platform/application. In particular, in the latter case, the storage unit 111-3 of the collection server 111 may correspond to influxDB (eg, kafka), and the storage unit 112-3 of the processing server 112 may correspond to PostgreSQL, respectively. .

Although not shown in the flowchart, the processing server 112 may further include an input/output unit (not shown). The input/output unit may include at least one sensor to sense various inputs of the user, and may include at least one output unit to output various information/data. For example, the input/output unit includes a gravity sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, a motion sensor, a gyroscope sensor, an acceleration sensor, an infrared sensor, an inclination sensor, a brightness sensor, an altitude sensor, an olfactory sensor, a temperature sensor, and a depth sensor. , a pressure sensor, a bending sensor, an audio sensor, a video/camera sensor, a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, a touch sensor, and a grip sensor, including at least one of various sensing means, such as a user's various inputs may be sensed. In addition, the input/output unit may output various information including at least one of various output means such as a display and/or a speaker. In particular, the input/output unit of the processing server 112 may sense various control inputs of the user, and may provide various route weather conditions/prediction information to the user according to the sensed control input.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an ADS-B data reception method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The route weather prediction system (particularly, the processing server) can improve the reliability of the route weather prediction system by storing and processing only the validated ADS-B data, as illustrated in this figure.

6, the route weather prediction system stores ADS-B data in the order of 'ADS-B data reception (S601) → ADS-B data decoding (S602) → validation (S603) → storage (S604)' and processing. In this case, validation may be performed using a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) calculation predefined in the ADS-B standard.

That is, summarizing the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6 , the aircraft collecting weather information receiving device may transmit the ADS-B data received from the aircraft to the collecting server, and the collecting server may store the received ADS-B data. Thereafter, the processing server requiring ADS-B data may receive and process the data through the storage unit of the collection server. More specifically, the processing server may receive and decode specific ADS-B data from the aggregation server depending on the service being executed. Furthermore, after validating the decoded ADS-B data through the CRC calculation and verification process according to the ADS-B standard, the processing server selectively stores and processes only the validated ADS-B data.

7 is a diagram illustrating ADS-B data and route weather data extracted from ADS-B data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7 , as described above in FIG. 3 , the route weather prediction system receives ADS-B data including flight information, and uses the flight information included in the received ADS-B data to obtain various route weather data. can be extracted. This figure corresponds to an embodiment in which vertical rate, wind direction, wind speed, and temperature are derived from ADS-B data. As described above, the route weather data illustrated in this figure can be extracted by substituting ADS-B data in Equations 1 to 3.

The aggregation server may collect and store ADS-B data in the form of raw data, and the processing server separately processes (eg, decodes and/or validates) the ADS-B data collected and stored in the form of such raw data. Verification, etc.), the route weather data can be extracted. The route weather data extracted in this way is not only used to build the route weather prediction engine, but also used as input data of the built route weather prediction engine.

8 is a flowchart illustrating a verification method of a route weather prediction engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In particular, this flowchart corresponds to an embodiment in which the process of cycling to the learning state 201 through the verification state in FIG. 2 is more detailed. Accordingly, when the operation of this flowchart is completed, the prediction state of FIG. 2 may be performed based on the newly updated route weather prediction engine.

Referring to FIG. 8 , for verification of the route weather prediction engine, the route weather prediction system may first receive PIREP and/or AIREP ( S801 ). Here, PIREP is an abbreviation of 'Pilot (Weather) Report', which is data generated and transmitted by the pilot of an aircraft to directly report the weather conditions on the route. AIREP is an abbreviation of 'Air (Weather) Report', It is data generated and transmitted to report weather conditions directly sensed/perceived/detected by aircraft. Such PIREP and/or AIREP may be encoded and transmitted to a meteorological agency, an aviation meteorological agency, an air traffic service department, and the like. Since PIREP and/or AIREP include direct reporting/sensing information on weather conditions on actual routes, accuracy and reliability are very high. Accordingly, the airway weather prediction system of the present invention may receive the PIREP and/or AIREP and use it to verify the accuracy of the airway weather prediction engine. To this end, the route weather prediction system may separately/additionally include a receiving device (or receiver) for receiving PIREP and/or AIREP.

Next, the route weather prediction system may verify the prediction result of the route weather prediction engine using the received PIREP and/or AIREP ( S802 ). More specifically, the en route weather prediction system compares the results predicted by the en route weather prediction engine for the prediction target aircraft with the PIREP and/or AIREP transmitted by the prediction target aircraft and determines whether the prediction results are consistent with each other. can be verified. Furthermore, the route weather prediction system may quantify the degree of agreement (ie, the verification result) and calculate it as 'prediction accuracy/reliability'. For example, if the en route weather prediction engine predicted a dangerous weather event but analyzed PIREP and/or AIREP and no dangerous weather event occurred, the dangerous weather event could not be predicted but the result of analyzing PIREP and/or AIREP When a dangerous weather phenomenon actually occurs, etc., the route weather prediction system may set the prediction accuracy of the current route weather prediction engine to be lower than the prediction accuracy calculated as the existing evaluation result (for example, the route weather prediction system previously predicted) If the prediction accuracy with which the engine was evaluated is 80, it can be evaluated as 75, lowered by 5). In the opposite case, the route weather prediction system may evaluate the prediction accuracy of the route weather prediction engine to be higher than the previously evaluated prediction accuracy. The route weather prediction system may evaluate the prediction accuracy in real time as described above, or may evaluate the prediction accuracy by comprehensively analyzing the prediction results for a certain period of time. For example, the air route weather prediction system may calculate a degree of agreement with prediction accuracy by comparing prediction results predicted from April 1 to April 15 with PIREP and/or AIREP collected during the corresponding period. The period of verifying (or evaluating the accuracy) of the route weather prediction engine may be set by the user as a specific date period.

Next, as a result of the verification, the route weather prediction system may determine whether the prediction accuracy of the route weather prediction engine is equal to or less than a preset level ( S803 ). If the prediction accuracy is less than or equal to the preset level, the route weather prediction system may update the route weather prediction engine (S804).

More specifically, the route weather prediction system may extract route weather data from ADS-B data when the prediction result of the route weather prediction engine is different from the weather conditions included in PIREP and/or AIREP. The method of extracting the route weather data is the same as described above with reference to FIG. 3 . Next, the route weather prediction system may learn the extracted route weather data to fine-tune the weather conditions previously established in the route weather prediction engine. For example, the temperature condition established in the route weather prediction engine is -20.56℃, but as a result of learning the route weather data extracted from the ADS-B data that the route weather forecasting system had incorrectly predicted, the temperature condition at the time of the occurrence of dangerous weather When the average temperature condition is -22.88°C, the temperature condition of the route weather prediction engine may be adjusted to -22.88°C or to -21.72°C, which is an average value of -20.56°C and -22.88°C.

Through this flowchart, the airway weather prediction system has the advantage of being able to always maintain the prediction accuracy and reliability above a certain level by always verifying and updating the airway weather prediction engine.

Embodiments according to the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. In the case of implementation by hardware, an embodiment of the present invention provides one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), FPGAs ( field programmable gate arrays), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, and the like.

In addition, in the case of implementation by firmware or software, an embodiment of the present invention is implemented in the form of a module, procedure, function, etc. that performs the functions or operations described above, and is stored in a recording medium readable through various computer means. can be recorded. Here, the recording medium may include a program command, a data file, a data structure, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the recording medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. For example, the recording medium includes a magnetic medium such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, and a magnetic tape, an optical recording medium such as a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), a digital video disk (DVD), and a floppy disk. magneto-optical media, such as a disk, and hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions may include high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like as well as machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler. Such hardware devices may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

In addition, the device or terminal according to the present invention may be driven by a command that causes one or more processors to perform the functions and processes described above. For example, such instructions may include interpreted instructions, such as script instructions, such as JavaScript or ECMAScript instructions, or executable code or other instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. Furthermore, the device according to the present invention may be implemented in a distributed manner over a network, such as a server farm, or may be implemented in a single computer device.

Further, a computer program (also known as a program, software, software application, script or code) mounted on the device according to the invention and executing the method according to the invention includes compiled or interpreted language or a priori or procedural language. It can be written in any form of programming language, and can be deployed in any form, including stand-alone programs, modules, components, subroutines, or other units suitable for use in a computer environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program may be placed in a single file provided to the requested program, or in multiple interacting files (eg, files that store one or more modules, subprograms, or portions of code), or portions of files that hold other programs or data. (eg, one or more scripts stored within a markup language document). A computer program may be deployed to be executed on a single computer or multiple computers located at one site or distributed over a plurality of sites and interconnected by a communication network.

Although each drawing has been described separately for convenience of description, it is also possible to design to implement a new embodiment by merging the embodiments described in each drawing. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described as described above, but the above-described embodiments are configured by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment so that various modifications can be made. it might be

In addition, although preferred embodiments have been illustrated and described above, the present specification is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the specification belongs without departing from the gist of the claims Various modifications are possible by the person, of course, these modifications should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or perspective of the present specification.

100: ADS-B data transmission scheme
110: Aviation Weather Prediction Service
101: aircraft
102: aircraft collected weather information receiving device
111: collection server
112: processing server

Claims (13)

In the ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) data-based route weather forecasting method,
receiving ADS-B data including route weather data collected by the at least one aircraft from at least one aircraft;
extracting the route weather data included in the ADS-B data;
learning past weather conditions in which dangerous weather events occurred based on the extracted weather data on the route;
constructing a route weather prediction engine in which weather conditions for the occurrence of the dangerous weather phenomenon are established;
predicting in advance a dangerous weather phenomenon that may occur on the route of the aircraft to be predicted using the built-up route weather prediction engine;
Receiving at least one of a PIREP (Pilot Report) and AIREP (Air Report) regarding a weather condition on a route of the prediction target aircraft from the prediction target aircraft; and
using at least one of the PIREP and the AIREP to verify a prediction result of the route weather prediction engine for the prediction target aircraft; including,
The route weather prediction engine,
receiving the flight route weather condition of the prediction target aircraft as input data, and outputting the probability of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon on the route of the prediction target aircraft as a prediction result based on the degree of similarity between the input data and the established weather conditions is the engine,
The step of predicting the dangerous weather phenomenon in advance,
receiving the ADS-B data from the prediction target aircraft;
extracting the route weather condition of the prediction target aircraft from the received ADS-B data; and
inputting the extracted route weather condition to the route weather prediction engine as the input data; containing
A method of forecasting the weather on the route based on ADS-B data. delete The method of claim 1,
The step of learning the past weather conditions in which the dangerous weather phenomenon occurred,
Past weather in which the dangerous meteorological phenomenon occurred based on at least one of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) A method of predicting weather conditions based on ADS-B data, which is a step of learning the conditions. delete delete The method of claim 1,
transmitting the prediction result to the prediction target aircraft; Further comprising, ADS-B data-based route weather prediction method. The method of claim 1,
When the probability of occurrence of the dangerous weather phenomenon is predicted to be higher than a preset level by the route weather prediction engine,
providing an alert indicating the risk of occurrence of the dangerous weather event; Further comprising, ADS-B data-based route weather prediction method. delete ◈Claim 9 was abandoned at the time of payment of the registration fee.◈ The method of claim 1,
updating the route weather prediction engine when the prediction accuracy of the route weather prediction engine is less than or equal to a preset level as a result of the verification; Further comprising, ADS-B data-based route weather prediction method. ◈Claim 10 was abandoned when paying the registration fee.◈ 10. The method of claim 9,
Updating the route weather prediction engine comprises:
extracting route weather data from ADS-B data when the prediction result of the route weather prediction engine is different from the weather conditions included in at least one of the PIREP and the AIREP; and
learning the extracted route weather data to fine-tune weather conditions previously established in the route weather prediction engine; Including, ADS-B data-based route weather forecasting method. The method of claim 1,
The dangerous weather phenomenon on the route includes wind shear and microburst, ADS-B data-based route weather forecasting method. The method of claim 1,
The route weather data collected by the at least one aircraft includes an Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR), ADS-B data-based route weather forecasting method. ◈Claim 13 was abandoned when paying the registration fee.◈ In the ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) data-based route weather prediction system,
an aircraft collecting weather information receiving device for receiving ADS-B data including route meteorological data collected by the at least one aircraft from at least one aircraft;
a collection server that collects the ADS-B data from the aircraft-collected meteorological information receiving device; and
a processing server that processes the ADS-B data collected by the collection server; including,
The processing server,
Extracting the route weather data included in the ADS-B data,
Building a route weather prediction engine in which weather conditions for the occurrence of dangerous weather events are established by learning past weather conditions in which dangerous weather phenomena occurred based on the extracted route weather data,
Receive the ADS-B data from the forecast target aircraft using the built-up route weather prediction engine, extract the route weather condition of the forecast target aircraft from the received ADS-B data, and Predicting dangerous weather phenomena that may occur in verifying the prediction result of the air route weather prediction engine for the prediction target aircraft using at least one of
The route weather prediction engine,
receiving the flight route weather condition of the prediction target aircraft as input data, and outputting the probability of occurrence of a dangerous weather phenomenon on the route of the prediction target aircraft as a prediction result based on the degree of similarity between the input data and the established weather conditions The engine, ADS-B data-based route weather forecasting system.

Images