KR102369045B1 - Cooling structure of the reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A nuclear reactor cooling structure is provided. A reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first containment vessel in which the reactor vessel is accommodated and having an energy discharging space; a second containment vessel partitioned from the first containment vessel and positioned below the sea level, the second containment vessel having an energy absorption space and an energy transfer space located above the energy absorption space; a first partition wall dividing the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space; a cooling passage connected to the reactor vessel; a heat exchanger formed in a portion of the cooling passage to be located inside the energy transfer space; a second partition wall dividing one side of the energy absorbing space into a first space; a seawater circulation pipe passing through the second containment vessel in the vertical direction; a vapor outlet pipe connecting the energy discharging space and the energy absorbing space in a fluid communication manner; and a heat medium flow tube connecting the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space in a fluid communication manner.

Description

COOLING STRUCTURE OF THE REACTOR

The present invention relates to a nuclear reactor cooling structure, and more particularly, to a nuclear reactor cooling structure for passively cooling a nuclear reactor using seawater.

Nuclear power generation is a method of generating electrical energy by operating a turbine using the energy generated during nuclear fission. It does not generate carbon dioxide during the power generation process and it can produce a large amount of electricity with a small amount of fuel. .

Such nuclear power generation requires cooling due to the generation of enormous heat, and as shown in FIG. 1, in general nuclear power generation, enormous thermal energy generated by the nuclear fission of the reactor core 4 in the reactor vessel 2 is transferred to the reactor vessel ( 2) is transferred to the coolant, and the coolant is circulated back into the reactor vessel 2 after exchanging heat in a heat exchanger (not shown). In addition, the water in the steam pipe 6 and the water supply pipe 8 is circulated as a path independent of the coolant, and the heat exchanger (not shown) generates steam as heat absorbed from the coolant, and through this, the turbine 7 is operated. After being turned into electrical energy by the generator (1), it is condensed back into water and circulated.

These reactors generate tremendous thermal energy, and the heat of these reactors is normally cooled properly, but if the heat of the reactor is not properly cooled due to an unexpected accident, a large-scale accident in which the reactor facility itself is destroyed may occur.

Therefore, various safety systems for cooling the nuclear reactor in an emergency situation are essential. These safety systems are provided in the form of supplementing the coolant supply to each part of the nuclear reactor and discharging the recovered heat to the outside through the heat sink by circulating the coolant appropriately.

Such a heat sink is made in the form of a heat exchanger for discharging only heat without leakage of an internal coolant, and such a heat exchanger can be immersed in water such as seawater or river for heat exchange to release heat.

These safety systems have a problem in that when a large accident occurs, an operator is injured, killed, or evacuated, and the operator is not in a situation where it is difficult to read the complicated manual or make an operation mistake.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1731817 (Reactor having a cooling system using the siphon principle and its operation method)

An object of the present invention is to provide a reactor cooling structure that cools a nuclear reactor by inducing circulation of seawater using heat and steam generated during operation of a nuclear reactor even if an operator does not operate a complicated cooling device.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a reactor cooling structure that cools a nuclear reactor by circulating the heat medium stored in the containment vessel using the steam generated during operation of the reactor and the pressure of the non-condensed gas expanding by the temperature of the reactor.

The problems of the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

In order to solve the above problems, a reactor cooling structure according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a first containment vessel installed on the ground side of a shoreline, a reactor vessel in which a nuclear reactor core is accommodated, and having an energy release space; A second containment vessel partitioned from the first containment vessel and positioned below sea level, an energy absorption space in which a heating medium is accommodated and the pressure of the energy release space is transmitted, and an energy absorption space located above the energy absorption space and delivered from the reactor vessel a second containment container having an energy transfer space for absorbing and cooling the absorbed heat and discharging the absorbed heat to the outside; a first partition wall provided in the second containment container to partition the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space; a cooling passage connected to the reactor vessel and transferring heat of the reactor vessel to the energy transfer space; a heat exchanger formed in a portion of the cooling passage to be located inside the energy transfer space; A second partition wall is formed in the energy absorption space to partition one side inside the energy absorption space into a first space, and to allow upper and lower portions of the first space to be in fluid communication with the outside of the first space within the energy absorption space. ; a seawater circulation pipe formed to pass through the second containment vessel in the vertical direction to allow the seawater to flow in fluid communication, to pass through the first space and to exchange heat with the heat exchanger; a steam outlet pipe connecting the energy discharging space and the first space in fluid communication so as to transfer the vapor of the energy discharging space to the first space; and a heating medium flow pipe connecting the energy absorption space and the energy transmission space in a fluid communication manner so that the heat medium of the energy absorption space pressurized by the steam ejection pipe flows into the energy transmission space.

A nuclear reactor cooling structure according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a first containment vessel installed on the ground side of a shoreline, a reactor vessel in which a nuclear reactor core is accommodated, and having an energy release space; A second containment vessel partitioned from the first containment vessel and positioned below sea level, an energy absorption space in which a heating medium is accommodated and the pressure of the energy release space is transmitted, and an energy absorption space located above the energy absorption space and delivered from the reactor vessel a second containment container having an energy transfer space for absorbing and cooling the absorbed heat and discharging the absorbed heat to the outside; a first partition wall provided in the second containment container to partition the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space; a cooling passage connected to the reactor vessel and transferring heat of the reactor vessel to the energy transfer space; a heat exchanger formed in a portion of the cooling passage to be located inside the energy transfer space; One side of the inside of the energy absorption space is partitioned into a first space, and an upper portion of the first space is formed to be sealed and separated from the energy absorption space, and a lower portion of the first space is formed to be the first space in the energy absorption space. a second partition wall formed in the energy absorption space to be in fluid communication with the outside of the space; a gas discharge pipe formed on the second partition wall to be in fluid communication with the energy absorption space; and a gas discharge valve formed in the gas discharge pipe. a seawater circulation pipe formed to pass through the second containment vessel in a vertical direction to allow the seawater to flow in fluid communication, to pass through the first space and to exchange heat with the heat exchanger; a vapor ejection pipe connecting the energy release space and the energy absorption space in fluid communication so as to deliver the vapor of the energy release space to the energy absorption space; and a heating medium flow pipe connecting the energy absorption space and the energy transmission space in a fluid communication manner to flow the heating medium of the energy absorption space pressurized by the steam ejection pipe to the energy transmission space.

In this case, the steam outlet pipe may be formed such that one end of the energy discharging space side is positioned above the first dividing wall.

In this case, the steam jet pipe may include a steam jet outlet for jetting the steam to the lower portion of the first space.

In contrast, the steam ejection tube further includes an extension tube extending from the lower portion of the first space to the upper side along the seawater circulation tube, and a plurality of injection nozzles formed at regular intervals in the extension tube to inject steam into the seawater circulation tube. can do.

Meanwhile, the heat medium flow pipe may be formed such that an upper portion of the heat medium flow pipe faces toward the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the heat exchanger using the heat medium.

In addition, further comprising a heat medium discharge guide connected to the upper end of the heat medium flow tube to guide the heat medium to flow in a radial direction along the inner wall of the second containment vessel,

Further, the heat exchanger may be positioned between the inner wall of the second containment vessel and the heat medium discharge guide.

In addition, it may further include a vapor condensate storage container provided on the inlet side of the steam inlet of the heat exchanger.

On the other hand, the reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, a water supply pipe connected to the reactor vessel; a steam pipe connected to the water supply pipe and discharging the steam generated in the reactor vessel to the outside; It is connected to the steam pipe and may include a steam pipe safety valve that can be opened and closed so as to discharge the steam to the energy release space.

The reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention may cool the nuclear reactor by inducing circulation of seawater using heat generated during operation of the nuclear reactor even if the operator does not operate the cooling device.

In addition, the reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention circulates the heat medium stored in the containment vessel by using the steam generated during the operation of the nuclear reactor and the pressure of the non-condensed gas that expands by the temperature of the reactor, thereby cooling the operator The reactor can be cooled without operating the device.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a conventional nuclear reactor.
2 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' of FIG. 2, illustrating a second partition wall.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' of FIG. 2 , and is a cross-sectional view illustrating a modified example of the second partition wall.
5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an extended shape of a steam jet tube of a reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view of a thermal medium induction guide of a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is an operational state diagram illustrating a state of supplementing the heating medium of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is an operation state diagram showing a steam ejection state of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an operational state diagram showing a seawater circulation state of a reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, a reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 .

At this time, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views taken along line I-I' of FIG. 2 , illustrating a second partition wall and a modified example thereof. It is a cross-sectional view shown. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an extended shape of a steam jet tube of a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a thermal medium induction guide of a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water supply pipe 6 , a steam pipe 8 , a steam pipe safety valve 9 , a first containment vessel 10 , and a second containment vessel 20 . , a first partition wall 30 , a cooling passage 40 , a heat exchanger 41 , a second partition wall 50 , a seawater circulation tube 60 , a heat medium flow tube 70 and a steam outlet tube 80 . do.

At this time, the first containment vessel 10 is installed on the ground side of the shore and accommodates the reactor vessel 2 in which the nuclear reactor core 4 is accommodated. The first containment vessel 10 serves to protect the nuclear reactor vessel 2 in which the nuclear reactor core 4 in danger of explosion is accommodated. Hereinafter, the reactor vessel (2) and the nuclear power generation system accommodated in the reactor vessel (2) will be described as a nuclear reactor.

A water supply pipe 6 is connected to the reactor vessel 2 , and the water supply pipe 6 supplies water for generating steam inside the reactor vessel 2 .

The water supplied by the water supply pipe 6 is phase-changed into steam inside the reactor vessel 2 and is discharged to the outside of the first containment vessel 10 through the steam pipe 8 connected to the water supply pipe 6 . At this time, electricity is produced by turning a turbine (not shown) with the discharged steam.

At this time, a steam pipe safety valve 9 may be installed in a portion of the steam pipe 6 in the first containment vessel 10 . The steam pipe safety valve 9 discharges the steam inside the reactor vessel 2 to the first containment vessel 10 when steam is rapidly generated, such as when an abnormality occurs in the nuclear reactor or the temperature inside the reactor vessel 2 rises rapidly. control to do

At this time, the first containment vessel 10 serves to primarily store the rapidly generated steam. In the present specification, the internal space of the first containment 10 in which the steam generated in the nuclear reactor is stored is defined as the energy emitting space 11 and will be described. However, before the steam is generated beyond the reactor, the non-condensed gas is filled in the energy emitting space 11 .

The second containment vessel 20 is partitioned from the first containment vessel 10 to have a separate space, and is located below the sea level to cool the nuclear reactor using seawater circulation.

At this time, in the reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second containment vessel 20 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the first partition wall 30 . At this time, in this specification, the lower space is referred to as the energy absorption space 21 and the upper space is defined as the energy transfer space 22 .

The energy absorbing space 21 receives a heat medium such as water and receives steam from the energy emitting space 11 through the steam vent pipe 80 to receive the pressure of the energy emitting space 11 .

The energy transfer space 22 primarily receives the heat emitted from the nuclear reactor from the energy release space 11 through the cooling passage 40, and secondly receives the heat medium supplied from the energy absorption space 21 into the cooling passage ( 40) by supplying it to the side, the heat of the energy emitting space 11 is transferred.

At this time, the cooling passage 40 is connected to the reactor vessel 2 to circulate the steam generated inside the reactor vessel 2 , and has a tube shape. A portion of the cooling passage 40 is formed to be positioned in the energy transfer space 22 through the partition wall dividing the first containment vessel 10 and the second containment vessel 20 .

A heat exchanger 41 is formed in a portion of the cooling passage 40 located in the energy transfer space 22 . The heat exchanger 41 may have a large surface area to effectively transfer heat to the energy transfer space 22 , and preferably has a coil shape.

At this time, the steam condensate storage container 42 is provided at the inlet side of the heat exchanger 41 into which the steam generated in the reactor vessel 2 is introduced. This serves to additionally supply steam when the steam in the cooling passage 40 runs short, such as when the steam pipe safety valve 9 is opened or a part of the cooling passage 40 is broken and steam flows out. do

The seawater circulation pipe 60 formed adjacent to the heat exchanger 41 passes through the second containment vessel 20 in the vertical direction. Accordingly, seawater existing outside of the second containment vessel 20 is capable of fluid communication through the seawater circulation pipe 60 .

At this time, since the heat exchanger 41 transfers heat to the outside through the seawater circulation pipe 60, it is installed adjacent to the seawater circulation pipe 60, and preferably surrounds the outer wall of the seawater circulation pipe 60. It may have a coil shape.

The seawater circulation pipe 60 is made in the form of a tube, and may be disposed in a direction perpendicular to the sea level. At this time, it is preferable to have a straight line in order to induce convection of seawater. However, the shape of the seawater circulation pipe 60 is not limited, and various embodiments may be provided as long as it is a shape capable of flowing the low-temperature seawater from the lower part to the upper part as the seawater outside the second containment container 20 .

On the other hand, in the seawater circulation pipe 60, the circulation of seawater is induced by using the heat of the non-condensed gas and steam transferred from the energy discharging space 11 by the steam ejection pipe 80 .

The seawater circulation pipe (60) passes through the first space (23) partitioned on one side of the energy absorption space (21) by the second partition wall (50), and the steam outlet pipe (80) is the first containment vessel (10). ) and the second containment vessel 20 is formed so as to be in fluid communication through the partition wall.

At this time, one end of the energy absorption space 21 side of the steam ejection pipe 80 is located in the first space 23 partitioned on one side of the energy absorption space 21 .

The non-condensed gas and steam of the energy release space 11 move to the energy absorption space 21 through the vapor outlet pipe 80 , and are supplied to the outer wall of the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the first space 23 . . At this time, the supplied non-condensed gas and steam transfer heat to the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the first space 23 .

Accordingly, as the temperature of the seawater located in the lower portion of the seawater circulation pipe 60 rises, the density decreases and rises. At this time, the low-temperature seawater flows into the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 in a chain, and the seawater circulates. Furthermore, when the low-temperature seawater rises due to the circulation of seawater, the upper portion of the seawater circulation pipe 60 receives heat from the heat exchanger 41 and discharges it to the outside.

On the other hand, the reason for partitioning the first space 23 to one side of the energy absorption space 21 by using the second partition wall 50 is that it is supplied to the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 through the steam jet pipe 80 This is to prevent the heat of non-condensed gas and steam from spreading to the heating medium provided in the energy absorption space 21 to induce smooth seawater circulation.

3 and 4, the second partition wall 50 may have a straight cross-section inside the second containment container 20 as shown in FIG. 3, and the seawater circulation pipe 60 as shown in FIG. It may have a shape surrounding the . However, the embodiment is not limited, and various embodiments may be provided as long as the first space 23 can be partitioned inside the energy absorption space 21 .

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 2 , in order to effectively transfer heat to the seawater circulation pipe 60 , the steam outlet 81 formed at one end of the first space 23 side of the steam outlet pipe 80 is formed in the first space 23 . to face the lower part of Through this, the steam discharged from the steam outlet 81 rises so as to be in contact with the seawater circulation pipe 60 as much as possible.

In addition, referring to FIG. 5 , in order to more effectively transfer heat to the seawater circulation pipe 60 , the first space 23 of the steam jet pipe 80 through the extension pipe 82 toward the upper side of the first space 23 . A plurality of injection nozzles 83 may be provided at regular intervals toward the outer wall of the seawater circulation pipe 60 by extending one end of the side.

The number of the plurality of injection nozzles 83 is not limited to the number of installation of the injection nozzles 83 as long as the non-condensed gas and steam can be evenly sprayed in the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the first space 23 . .

In addition, one end of the energy discharging space 11 side of the steam outlet pipe 80 is formed to be positioned above the first dividing wall 30 . This prevents the heating medium from flowing back into the energy emitting space 11 when the energy absorbing space 21 is filled with the heating medium.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 2 , the heat exchanger 41 that transfers heat to the outside through the seawater circulation pipe 60 performs second heat exchange through the heat medium supplied from the energy absorption space 21 . At this time, the heat medium of the energy absorption space 21 is transferred to the energy transmission space 22 through the heat medium flow tube 70 .

The heat medium flow tube 70 penetrates the first partition wall 30 and is formed in the form of a tube in which the energy absorption space 21 and the energy transfer space 22 are in fluid communication. At this time, the lower end of the energy absorbing space 21 is formed in the lower portion of the energy absorbing space 21 so as to transfer the heating medium of the energy absorbing space 21 to the energy transmitting space 22 as much as possible.

The upper end of the energy transfer space 22 side of the heat medium flow tube 70 is preferably located above the energy transfer space 22 in order to absorb heat inside the energy transfer space 22 using a heat medium.

Further, the heat medium flow tube 70 has the upper end toward the heat exchanger 41 so that the heat medium introduced into the energy transfer space 22 through the heat medium flow tube 70 directly contacts the heat exchanger 41 to absorb heat. can be formed to

2 and 6 , an embodiment of the present invention includes a heat medium discharge guide 71 at the upper end of the heat medium flow tube 70 .

The heat medium discharge guide 71 guides the heat medium flowing from the energy absorption space 21 through the heat medium flow tube 70 to flow along the inner wall of the second containment vessel 20 . At this time, the heat medium may transfer heat to the external seawater through the outer wall of the second containment container 20 .

In addition, by positioning the heat exchanger 41 between the inner wall of the second containment container 20 and the heat medium discharge guide 71 , the introduced heat medium can directly contact the heat exchanger 41 to absorb heat.

The heating medium discharge guide 71 may have a bell-shaped shape to allow the heating medium to flow in the direction as shown in FIG. 6 . When the heating medium discharging guide 71 is formed in a bell shape as described above, the heating medium is guided along the heating medium discharging guide 71 and heat transfer occurs while in contact with the inner wall of the second containment container 20 with a maximum area. However, the heat medium discharge guide 71 is not limited to the embodiment, and may have various embodiments as long as the heat medium can be guided to flow along the inner wall of the second containment container 20 .

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 2, the steam ejection state and the seawater circulation state of the reactor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Referring to FIG. 2 , when the temperature of a nuclear reactor operating in a state in which the heating medium is filled in the energy absorption space 21 rises, the non-condensed gas filled in the energy emission space 11 expands and energy is absorbed through the steam discharge pipe 80 . Move to space (21).

In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the nuclear reactor or when steam is rapidly generated because the temperature of the nuclear reactor reaches a certain level or more, the steam pipe safety valve 9 is opened to discharge the steam to the energy release space 11 .

When the non-condensed gas and vapor move to the energy absorbing space 21 through the vapor outlet pipe 80, the non-condensed gas and vapor are filled in the upper part of the energy absorbing space 21, and the heat medium stored in the energy absorbing space 21 is the water level goes down At this time, since the upper portion of the second partition wall 50 is opened to be in fluid communication with the energy absorbing space 21 as shown in FIG. 2 , the water level of the heat medium in the first space 23 and the energy absorbing space 21 is equal to h1 and same as

Referring to FIG. 2 , when the heat medium level reaches h2 lower than the lower end of the second partition wall 50 , heat of non-condensed gas and steam is transferred to the seawater circulation pipe 60 in the first space 23 , so the first space At (23), vapor condensation occurs and the pressure of the first space (23) is relatively lower than that of the energy absorption space (21). Accordingly, the steam of the energy absorption space 21 flows into the first space 23 to accelerate heat transfer to the seawater circulation pipe 60 .

In addition, as the water level of the heat medium stored in the energy absorption space 21 is lowered, the heat medium flows into the energy transfer space 22 through the heat medium flow tube 70 . At this time, the heating medium is in contact with the heat exchanger 41 located in the energy transfer space 22 to absorb heat.

On the other hand, the temperature of the seawater inside the seawater circulation pipe 60 that has absorbed the heat in the first space 23 is increased, and the density thereof is relatively lower than that of the surrounding seawater and rises upward. Therefore, as the seawater inside the seawater circulation pipe 60 rises, the seawater flows into the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 and flows out to the upper part is repeated.

At this time, a portion of the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the energy transfer space 22 not only absorbs heat from the heat exchanger 41, but also increases the seawater circulation as the internal temperature of the seawater circulation pipe 60 rises. accelerate

Hereinafter, a reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9, and the heat medium supplementation state, the steam ejection state and the seawater circulation state of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention are sequenced explain as

7 is an operational state diagram showing a heat medium supplementation state of a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an operational state diagram showing a vapor ejection state of a nuclear reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. is an operational state diagram showing the seawater circulation state of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, in describing the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, detailed descriptions of the same configuration as in the above-described embodiment will be omitted, and a configuration different from the aforementioned embodiment will be mainly described.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in the nuclear reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the second partition wall 50 is separated from the inside of the energy absorption space 21 and sealed, unlike the embodiment of the present invention.

As the first space 23 is sealed from the outside, as shown in FIG. 9 , when the water level of the heat medium in the energy absorption space 21 reaches h4, the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the first space 23 moves to the first space. When the heat of (23) is absorbed, the vapor is condensed so that the pressure inside the first space (23) is relatively lower than that of the energy absorption space (21). Therefore, since the vapor of the energy absorption space 21 flows into the first space 23 through the lower portion of the second partition wall 50 , the seawater circulation pipe 60 can continuously absorb the heat of the steam.

In addition, there is no need to limit the position of one end of the energy absorption space 21 side of the steam jet pipe 80 in order to supply steam to the seawater circulation pipe 60 . Accordingly, one end of the steam ejection pipe 80 on the side of the energy absorption space 21 may be located in the energy absorption space 21 .

At this time, a gas discharge valve 52 is provided at the upper portion of the second partition wall 50 . This is to prevent a phenomenon in which, when the heating medium is supplied to the energy absorption space 21 , the gas is collected in the upper portion of the first space 23 and the heating medium cannot be stored in the first space 23 .

Referring to FIG. 7 , the heat medium supplementation state of the nuclear reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is described, the gas discharge valve 52 is opened and the heat medium is supplemented in the energy absorption space 21 and the first space 23 . do. When the heat medium is full in the energy absorption space 21 and the first space 23 , the gas discharge valve 52 is closed to seal the upper part of the first space 23 .

At this time, since one end of the energy emitting space 11 side of the steam vent pipe 80 is positioned above the first dividing wall 30 , the heat medium of the energy absorbing space 21 is prevented from flowing back into the energy emitting space 11 . do.

However, by providing the steam ejection valve 84 in the vapor ejection pipe 80 , it is possible to reliably prevent the backflow of the thermal medium into the energy discharging space 11 by closing the vapor ejecting valve 84 in the state of replenishing the thermal medium. .

When the vapor ejection state of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIG. 8 , the temperature of the nuclear reactor reaches a certain level or more, so that the non-condensed gas inside the energy release space 11 expands, or the reactor vessel (2) When steam is rapidly generated inside and the steam pipe safety valve 9 is opened, non-condensed gas and steam are discharged into the energy release space 11 .

At this time, when the non-condensed gas and vapor of the energy emitting space 11 move to the energy absorbing space 21 through the vapor ejection pipe 80, the non-condensed gas and vapor are collected in the upper part of the energy absorbing space 21 and , the water level (h3) of the heating medium is lowered. In addition, the heat medium stored in the energy absorption space 21 flows to the energy transfer space 22 through the heat medium flow tube 70 as much as the water level of the heat medium is lowered.

At this time, since the upper part of the second partition wall 50 is sealed, non-condensed gas and vapor do not collect in the upper part of the first space 23 , and the heat medium level h3 is lower than the second partition wall 50 . The water level of the heat medium in the first space 23 is formed higher than the level of the heat medium in the energy absorption space 21 until it is reached.

When the seawater circulation state of the reactor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIG. 9 , when the water level h4 of the heating medium is lower than the lower end of the second partition wall 50, the energy absorption space 21 and the second The water level in one space 23 is the same. At this time, when the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the first space 23 absorbs heat from the non-condensed gas and steam, the steam around the seawater circulation pipe 60 is condensed and the steam in the energy absorption space 21 is is introduced into the first space.

The seawater circulation pipe 60 continuously absorbs the heat of the steam, the temperature of the seawater inside the seawater circulation pipe 60 increases, and the density thereof is relatively lower than that of the surrounding seawater and rises upward. Therefore, as the seawater inside the seawater circulation pipe 60 rises, the seawater flows into the lower part of the seawater circulation pipe 60 and flows out to the upper part is repeated.

At this time, a portion of the seawater circulation pipe 60 located in the energy transfer space 22 not only absorbs heat from the heat exchanger 41, but also increases the seawater circulation as the internal temperature of the seawater circulation pipe 60 rises. accelerate

Meanwhile, the heat medium introduced into the energy transfer space 22 through the heat medium flow tube 70 flows in a radial direction along the heat medium discharge guide 71 . At this time, by narrowing the gap between the heat medium discharge guide 71 and the inner wall of the second containment container 20 , the heat medium discharges heat to the outside through the inner wall of the second containment container 20 .

In addition, since the heating medium flows to the heat exchanger 41 along the heating medium discharge guide 71 , the heating medium comes into contact with the heat exchanger 41 to absorb the heat of the heating medium.

As described above, preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been reviewed, and the fact that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in addition to the above-described embodiments is one of ordinary skill in the art. It is obvious to them. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the above description, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

1 Generator 50 Second partition wall
2 Reactor vessel 51 Gas exhaust pipe
4 Reactor core 52 gas exhaust valve
6 Water supply pipe 60 Sea water circulation pipe
7 Turbine 70 Heat fluid flow tube
8 Steam tube 71 Heat medium discharge guide
9 Steam pipe safety valve 80 Steam outlet pipe
10 1st containment vessel 81 Steam outlet
11 Energy release space 82 Extension pipe
20 Second containment vessel 83 Injection nozzle
21 Energy absorption space 84 Steam ejection valve
22 Energy transfer space
23 first space
30 first dividing wall
40 cooling oil
41 heat exchanger
42 Vapor condensate storage container

Claims (9)

a first containment vessel installed on the ground side of the shore, the reactor vessel containing the nuclear reactor core being accommodated, and having an energy discharging space;
A second containment vessel partitioned from the first containment vessel and positioned below the sea level, an energy absorption space in which a heating medium is accommodated and the pressure of the energy release space is transmitted, and an energy absorption space located above the energy absorption space and delivered from the reactor vessel a second containment container having an energy transfer space for absorbing and cooling the absorbed heat and discharging the absorbed heat to the outside;
a first partition wall provided in the second containment container to partition the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space;
a cooling passage connected to the reactor vessel and transferring heat of the reactor vessel to the energy transfer space;
a heat exchanger formed in a portion of the cooling passage to be located inside the energy transfer space;
A second partition wall is formed in the energy absorption space to partition one side of the energy absorption space into a first space, and to allow upper and lower portions of the first space to be in fluid communication with the outside of the first space within the energy absorption space. ;
It extends in the vertical direction to pass through the energy transfer space, the first space, and the energy absorption space, one end protrudes upward of the second containment vessel so that the seawater communicates fluidly, and the other end is the lower side of the second containment vessel. a seawater circulation pipe protruding to and exchanging heat with the heat exchanger in the energy transfer space;
Vapor ejection connecting the energy emitting space and the first space in fluid communication such that the gas of the energy emitting space is transferred to the energy absorbing space and heat is transferred from the gas of the energy emitting space to the seawater circulation pipe coffin; and
a heating medium flow pipe connecting the energy absorption space and the energy transmission space in a fluid communication manner to flow the heating medium of the energy absorption space pressurized by the steam ejection pipe into the energy transmission space;
A reactor cooling structure comprising a.
a first containment vessel which is installed on the ground side of the shore and accommodates the reactor vessel in which the reactor core is accommodated, and has an energy dissipation space;
A second containment vessel partitioned from the first containment vessel and positioned below the sea level, an energy absorption space in which a heating medium is accommodated and the pressure of the energy release space is transmitted, and an energy absorption space located above the energy absorption space and delivered from the reactor vessel a second containment container having an energy transfer space for absorbing and cooling the absorbed heat and discharging the absorbed heat to the outside;
a first partition wall provided in the second containment container to partition the energy absorption space and the energy transfer space;
a cooling passage connected to the reactor vessel and transferring heat of the reactor vessel to the energy transfer space;
a heat exchanger formed in a portion of the cooling passage to be located inside the energy transfer space;
One side inside the energy absorbing space is partitioned into a first space, and an upper portion of the first space is formed to be sealed and separated from the energy absorbing space, and a lower portion of the first space is formed to be the first space in the energy absorbing space. a second partition wall formed in the energy absorption space to be in fluid communication with the outside of the space;
a gas discharge pipe formed on the second partition wall to be in fluid communication with the energy absorption space; and
a gas discharge valve formed in the gas discharge pipe;
a seawater circulation pipe formed to pass through the second containment vessel in a vertical direction to allow the seawater to flow in fluid communication, to pass through the first space and to exchange heat with the heat exchanger;
a vapor discharge pipe connecting the energy discharging space and the energy absorbing space in fluid communication so as to transfer the gas of the energy discharging space to the energy absorbing space; and
a heating medium flow pipe connecting the energy absorption space and the energy transmission space in a fluid communication manner to flow the heating medium of the energy absorption space pressurized by the steam ejection pipe into the energy transmission space;
A reactor cooling structure comprising a. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The vapor outlet pipe may include: a vapor outlet for ejecting the gas to a lower portion of the first space;
A reactor cooling structure comprising a. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The steam outlet pipe,
an extension pipe extending from the lower part of the first space to the upper side along the seawater circulation pipe; and
a plurality of injection nozzles formed at regular intervals in the extension pipe to jet the gas to the seawater circulation pipe;
A reactor cooling structure further comprising a. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The steam outlet pipe is formed such that one end of the energy discharging space is positioned above the first dividing wall,
Reactor cooling structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The heat medium flow pipe is formed such that an upper portion of the heat medium flow pipe faces toward the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the heat exchanger using the heat medium,
Reactor cooling structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Further comprising a heat medium discharge guide connected to the upper end of the heat medium flow tube to guide the heat medium to flow in a radial direction along the inner wall of the second containment vessel,
The heat exchanger is located between the inner wall of the second containment vessel and the heat medium discharge guide,
Reactor cooling structure. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
a vapor condensed water storage container provided at one end of the steam inflow side of the heat exchanger;
A reactor cooling structure further comprising a. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
a water supply pipe connected to the reactor vessel;
a steam pipe connected to the water supply pipe and discharging the steam generated in the reactor vessel to the outside;
a steam pipe safety valve which is connected to a part of the steam pipe located in the energy release space and can be opened and closed to discharge the steam;
A reactor cooling structure comprising a.

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