KR102284480B1 - 유무기 복합 전해질, 이를 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체 및 리튬이차전지, 및 상기 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법 - Google Patents
유무기 복합 전해질, 이를 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체 및 리튬이차전지, 및 상기 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102284480B1 KR102284480B1 KR1020140174261A KR20140174261A KR102284480B1 KR 102284480 B1 KR102284480 B1 KR 102284480B1 KR 1020140174261 A KR1020140174261 A KR 1020140174261A KR 20140174261 A KR20140174261 A KR 20140174261A KR 102284480 B1 KR102284480 B1 KR 102284480B1
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- inorganic composite
- inorganic
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 derivatives thereof Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910018127 Li 2 S-GeS 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 26
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910011328 LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
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- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PWRLWCQANJNXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium chloro(dioxido)borane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])Cl PWRLWCQANJNXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 일 실시예에 따른 리튬이차전지의 개략적인 구조를 나타낸 것이다.
도 3은 실시예 1에서 전극/전해질 접합체의 제조과정을 도시한 것이다.
도 4a는 실시예 1에서 제조된 유/무기 복합 전해질의 단면의 SEM (scanning electron microscope) 이미지이고, 도 4b는 상기 유/무기 복합 전해질 단면에 대한 EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) 분석 결과다.
도 5는 실시예 2 및 비교예 3에서 제조된 유/무기 복합 전해질의 기공 분포도를 비교한 그래프이다.
도 6은 실시예 2 및 비교예 1의 리튬이차전지에 있어서, 시간에 대한 온도 변화를 측정한 결과이다.
도 7은 실시예 2 및 비교예 1의 리튬이차전지에 있어서, 시간에 대한 Temperature Rate를 측정한 결과이다.
도 8은 실시예 2 및 비교예 1의 리튬이차전지에 있어서, 온도에 대한 Temperature Rate를 측정한 결과이다.
도 9는 실시예 1, 실시예 2, 및 비교예 1에서 제작된, LiCoO2를 양극 활물질로 사용한 코인형 리튬이차전지의 사이클별 방전용량을 측정한 결과이다.
도 10은 실시예 1, 실시예 2, 및 비교예 1에서 제작된, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2를 양극 활물질로 사용한 코인형 리튬이차전지의 사이클별 방전용량을 측정한 결과이다.
도 11은 실시예 1에서 제작된, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2를 양극 활물질로 사용한 파우치형 리튬이차전지의 사이클별 방전용량을 측정한 결과이다.
도 12는 실시예 1 및 비교예 1의 전극/전해질 접합체를 이용하여 제조된 리튬이차전지에서, 액체전해질의 양에 따른 방전용량의 변화를 측정한 결과이다.
구분 | 이온전도도 (S/cm) |
실시예 1 | 1.1×10-3 |
실시예 2 | 1.3×10-3 |
비교예 1 | 2.9×10-4 |
비교예 2 | 3.1×10-4 |
비교예 3 | 5.1×10-4 |
구분 | 1번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
100번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
용량유지율 (%) |
실시예 1 | 149.7 | 141.9 | 94.8 |
실시예 2 | 148.8 | 141.7 | 95.5 |
비교예 1 | 147.5 | 135.2 | 91.7 |
구분 | 1번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
100번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
용량유지율 (%) |
실시예 1 | 171.4 | 166.4 | 96.9 |
실시예 2 | 173.7 | 169.1 | 97.3 |
비교예 1 | 169.0 | 144.9 | 85.8 |
구분 | 1번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
100번째 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
용량유지율 (%) |
실시예 1 | 24.84 | 24.58 | 99.0 |
22: 음극
23: 양극
24: 유무기 복합 전해질
25: 전지 용기
26: 봉입 부재
Claims (18)
- 다공성 유무기 복합 전해질로서, 전체 기공분포도에서 기공 크기 100nm 내지 300nm 범위에 제1 기공 피크가 존재하고, 기공 크기 100nm 내지 300nm 범위의 기공이 차지하는 부피비율이 전체 기공 부피의 50% 이상이고,
전체 기공분포도에서 기공 크기 1000nm 내지 2000nm 범위에서 제2 기공 피크가 더 존재하고, 상기 기공 크기 1000nm 내지 2000nm 범위의 기공이 차지하는 부피비율이 전체 기공 부피의 5 내지 20 %인 유무기 복합 전해질. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 유무기 복합 전해질은,
다공성의 유기계 매트릭스; 및
상기 유기계 매트릭스 내에 임베디드되어 분산된, 리튬 이온 전도성의 무기계 입자;를 포함하는 구조를 갖는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 유기계 매트릭스는 젤 고분자 전해질용 고분자를 포함하는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 유기계 매트릭스는 PVdF(polyvinylidene fluoride), PVdF-HFP 공중합체(polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer), PVdF-TFE 공중합체(polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene), PVdF-CTFE 공중합체(polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene), PVdF-PFA 공중합체(polyvinylidene fluoride-perfluorovinylether), PAN(polyacrylonitrile), PMMA(poly(methyl methacrylate)), PEO(poly(ethylene oxide)), PPO(polypropylene oxide), PVC(polyvinyl chloride), PVA(polyvinyl alcohol), PVAc(polyvinyl acetate), PVN (poly vinylnaphthalene), 폴리에스테르 설파이드(polyester sulfide), 폴리부타디엔(polybutadiene), 이들의 유도체, 및 이들의 공중합체로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 무기계 입자는 리튬 이온 전도성을 갖는 산화물계, 인산염계, 황화물계, 및 LiPON계 무기물로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제7항에 있어서,
상기 산화물계 무기물은 Li3xLa2/(3-x)TiO3(0<X≤2) 및 Li7-yLa3-xAxZr2-yMyO12(여기서, A는 Y, Nd, Sm 또는 Gd이고, M는 Nb 또는 Ta이고, 0≤x<3, 0≤y<2 이다) 중 적어도 하나로 표시되는 단일 성분 또는 2종 이상의 성분으로 이루어지는 무기물이고;
상기 인산염계 무기물은 Li1+x+y(Al,Ga)x(Ti,Ge)2-xSiyP3-yO12 (여기서, 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤l이다)로 표시되는 단일 성분 또는 2종 이상의 성분으로 이루어지는 무기물이고;
상기 황화물계 무기물은 Li2S, Li2S-P2S5, Li2S-SiS2, Li2S-GeS2, Li2S-B2S5, 및 Li2S-Al2S5 중 1종 이상의 성분으로 이루어지는 무기물이고;
상기 LiPON계 무기물은 Li3-yPO4-xNx (여기서, 0<y<3, 0<x<4)로 표시되는 단일 성분 또는 2종 이상의 성분으로 이루어지는 무기물인 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제4항에 있어서,
상기 유기계 매트릭스 및 상기 무기계 입자는 50:50 내지 1:99의 중량비로 포함되는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 유무기 복합 전해질 내에 함침된 액체 전해질을 더 포함하는 유무기 복합 전해질. - 전극; 및
상기 전극의 적어도 일면에 배치되는, 제1항, 제4항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 유무기 복합 전해질을 포함하는 전해질 층;
을 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체. - 제11항에 있어서,
상기 전해질 층의 두께가 1μm 내지 200μm인 전극-전해질 접합체. - 제11항에 있어서,
상기 전극 및 상기 전해질 층의 두께비가 100:1 내지 100:1000인 전극-전해질 접합체. - 제11항에 따른 전극-전해질 접합체를 포함하는 리튬이차전지.
- 리튬 이온 전도성의 무기계 입자, 젤 고분자 전해질용 고분자, 기공형성제 및 제1 유기 용매를 포함하는 전해질 슬러리를 준비하는 단계;
상기 전해질 슬러리를 전극의 적어도 일면에 도포하고 건조하여 유무기 복합 전해질 층을 형성하는 단계; 및
제2 유기 용매를 이용하여 상기 유무기 복합 전해질 층으로부터 상기 기공형성제를 제거하는 단계;
를 포함하는, 제11항에 따른 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법. - 제15항에 있어서,
상기 기공형성제로는 디부틸프탈레이트(dibuthyl phthalate, DBP), 디옥틸프탈레이트(dioctyl phthalate, DOP), 에틸렌 카보네이트(ethylene carbonate, EC), 및 프로필렌 카보네이트(propylene carbonate, PC)으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법. - 제15항에 있어서,
상기 제1 유기 용매는 아세톤(acetone), THF(tetrahydrofuran), DMF(dimethylformamide), DMSO(dimethylsulfoxide), DMAc(dimethylacetamide), 및 NMP(N-methyl pyrrolidone)로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법. - 제15항에 있어서,
상기 제2 유기 용매로는 예를 들어, 메탄올(methanol), 에탄올(ethanol), 디메틸 카보네이트(dimethyl carbonate), 헥산(hexane), 헵탄(heptane), 및 옥탄(octane), 디에틸에테르(diethyl ether)로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 전극-전해질 접합체의 제조방법.
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US14/751,269 US10637097B2 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2015-06-26 | Organic/inorganic composite electrolyte, electrode-electrolyte assembly and lithium secondary battery including the same, and manufacturing method of the electrode-electrolyte assembly |
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