KR102226245B1 - Marine debris cleaning vessel using hydrogen fuel cell propulsion system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a marine waste disposal vessel using hydrogen fuel propulsion capable of supplying hydrogen gas to a hydrogen fuel cell by producing the hydrogen gas through the reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG), thereby propelling a vessel as well as cooling a refrigerant by using boil off gas (BOG) of liquefied natural gas and/or liquefied natural gas, and freezing and crushing collected floating marine wastes by using the cooled refrigerant, and a marine waste disposal method using the same. According to the present invention, the marine waste disposal vessel using hydrogen fuel propulsion includes: an LNG storage part storing liquefied natural gas (LNG); a gasifier receiving LNG gasified gas or liquefied LNG supplied from the LNG storage part; a steam supply part supplying steam; a reformer generating hydrogen gas through a reaction between the gas supplied from the gasifier and the steam supplied from the steam supply part; a hydrogen fuel cell generating electric energy by using the hydrogen gas generated from the reformer; a propulsion part propelling a vessel while rotating by receiving the electric energy generated from the hydrogen fuel cell; a heat exchange part placed between the LNG storage part and the gasifier to cool a refrigerant by exchanging heat between the LNG gasified gas or liquefied LNG flowing from the LNG storage part to the gasifier and the refrigerant supplied from the outside; and an ultralow temperature freezing-crushing part freezing marine wastes collected from the ocean by using the refrigerant cooled through the heat exchange part, and then, crushing the frozen marine wastes.

Description

Marine debris cleaning vessel using hydrogen fuel cell propulsion system}

The present invention relates to a marine waste treatment vessel, and more particularly, to promote the vessel by producing hydrogen gas through reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and supplying it to a hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen fuel propelled by using vaporized gas (BOG) and/or liquefied natural gas to cool the refrigerant, and to freeze and crush the collected marine floating waste using the cooled refrigerant Marine waste treatment vessel and marine waste using the same It relates to the treatment method of.

It is estimated that the amount of marine debris that flows from land to sea each year amounts to millions of tons per year. More than 80% of marine debris is made up of plastic or vinyl, and these debris are not decomposed and are shredded into less than 5mm by strong ultraviolet rays, combined with toxic substances, and accumulated in the sea, causing serious environmental pollution. As such garbage appears over the coast, remote islands, oceans, and polar regions, it has emerged as a global environmental issue, and each country is making efforts to reduce marine garbage.

However, waste that has already been discharged cannot be collected and forms a garbage island, and in order to collect and dispose of it, not only efficient collection capacity but also loading space efficiency is required. Each country builds Cheonghang ships to collect offshore waste, and in Korea, a total of 20 Cheonghang ships are deployed in 14 trade ports to carry out clearing operations including the removal of floating waste.

Marine floating wastes include plastic, vinyl, styrofoam, and wood, and now, waste on the coast is collected and incinerated. However, the shredding process is essential for recycling. However, the waste is melted by the heat generated during crushing at room temperature, and in the process, waste that is not crushed is generated, making it difficult to treat. In addition, cost and space constraints arise when transporting by land and crushing it.

In order to solve this problem, a cryogenic freeze crushing technique that freezes and crushes the material is being studied as an alternative. Cryogenic temperature refers to a temperature below minus 150℃, and at that temperature, marine floating waste is characterized by embrittlement. Plastics with the highest density and high proportion of floating marine wastes are much easier to crush than normal-temperature crushing at a liquefied LNG temperature (-163℃) or lower.

However, cryogenic freeze crushing in the process of treating marine floating waste requires a separate facility and cost to maintain and apply a low temperature.

Meanwhile, as eco-friendly fuels emerge, ships using hydrogen fuel cells and LNG as fuels have appeared, and ships using LNG as fuel are also being built in marine floating waste cleaning ships. Hydrogen fuel cell-promoted marine floating waste cleaning ships have not been built yet, but if applied to ships, they are attracting attention as next-generation ships as they can block the generation of harmful gases.

However, conventionally, the hydrogen fuel of the hydrogen fuel cell is simply used as the fuel of the fuel cell, but it has not been applied to the freezing treatment of marine waste.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1917508 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1302006 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0287411

The present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to produce hydrogen gas through reforming of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and supply it to a hydrogen fuel cell to propel a ship, At the same time, the refrigerant is cooled using liquefied natural gas vaporized gas (BOG) and/or liquefied natural gas, and the collected marine floating waste is frozen and crushed using the cooled refrigerant. It is to provide a hydrogen fuel-propelled marine waste treatment vessel that can significantly improve treatment efficiency, and a marine waste treatment method using the same.

Hydrogen fuel propulsion marine waste treatment vessel according to the present invention for achieving the above object, LNG storage unit for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG); A vaporizer receiving LNG vaporized gas or liquid LNG supplied from the LNG storage unit; A steam supply unit for supplying steam; A reformer for generating hydrogen gas by a reaction between the gas supplied from the vaporizer and the steam supplied from the steam supply unit; A hydrogen fuel cell generating electric energy using hydrogen gas generated in the reformer; A propulsion unit for driving the vessel while rotating by receiving the electric energy generated from the hydrogen fuel cell; A heat exchange unit disposed between the LNG storage unit and the vaporizer to cool the refrigerant by heat exchange between the LNG vaporized gas or liquid LNG moving from the LNG storage unit to the vaporizer and a refrigerant supplied from the outside; And a cryogenic freeze crushing unit configured to freeze the marine waste collected from the sea by using the refrigerant cooled while passing through the heat exchange unit and crush the frozen marine waste.

The steam supply unit may include a seawater storage tank for storing seawater, and a heat supply unit for heating seawater by supplying heat generated from the hydrogen fuel cell to the seawater storage tank.

The hydrogen fuel-propelled marine waste treatment vessel of the present invention may further include a hydrogen collector installed between the reformer and the hydrogen fuel cell to store hydrogen gas generated in the reformer.

The cryogenic freeze crushing unit includes a waste freezing chamber into which marine waste collected from the ocean is injected, a refrigerant passage through which a refrigerant cooled while passing through the heat exchange unit flows to freeze marine waste in the waste freezing chamber, and in the waste freezing chamber It may include a crusher to crush the frozen waste.

Hydrogen fuel propulsion marine waste treatment vessel of the present invention may further include a crushed material storage unit for storing the waste particles crushed by the crusher.

A method of treating marine waste using a marine waste treatment vessel according to the present invention,

(S1) supplying LNG vaporized gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) from an LNG storage unit to a reformer through a vaporizer and reacting with steam to generate hydrogen gas;

(S2) performing heat exchange with a refrigerant in the process of supplying LNG vaporized gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) from the LNG storage unit to a vaporizer;

(S3) supplying the heat-exchanged cooled refrigerant to a cryogenic freeze crushing unit to freeze the collected marine waste; And,

(S4) crushing frozen marine waste in the cryogenic freeze crushing unit;

It may include.

In the step (S1), heat generated from the hydrogen fuel cell is supplied to the seawater stored in the seawater storage tank to heat the seawater to generate steam, and the generated steam may be supplied to the reformer.

According to the present invention, liquefied natural gas (LNG) can be reformed to generate hydrogen for propulsion of a ship, and in the process of generating hydrogen by reforming liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquid LNG and/or The refrigerant can be cooled using LNG vaporized gas. The cooled refrigerant freezes the marine floating waste supplied to the cryogenic freeze crushing unit, and the frozen marine floating waste is easily crushed by a crusher to become small-sized waste particles, so that the ability to treat and store waste can be improved. do.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a hydrogen fuel-propelled marine waste treatment vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a cryogenic freeze crushing unit constituting a hydrogen fuel-propelled marine waste treatment vessel according to the present invention.
3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of treating marine waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only preferred examples of the disclosed invention, and there may be various modified examples that can replace the embodiments and drawings of the present specification at the time of filing of the present application.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a hydrogen fuel-propelled marine waste treatment vessel and a marine waste treatment method using the same will be described in detail according to the following embodiments. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

1 is a hydrogen fuel propulsion marine waste treatment vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention, an LNG storage unit 100 for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG), LNG vaporized gas supplied from the LNG storage unit 100, or A vaporizer 200 receiving liquid LNG, a vapor supply unit 500 supplying water vapor, and a reaction between the gas supplied from the vaporizer 200 and the vapor supplied from the vapor supply unit 500 generate hydrogen gas. The reformer 300, a hydrogen fuel cell 600 that generates electric energy using hydrogen gas generated from the reformer 300, and propels a ship while rotating by receiving the electric energy generated from the hydrogen fuel cell 600. By exchanging heat exchange between LNG vaporized gas or liquid LNG that is disposed between the propulsion unit, the LNG storage unit 100 and the carburetor 200 and moves from the LNG storage unit 100 to the carburetor 200, A heat exchange unit 700 to cool the refrigerant, and cryogenic freezing to freeze the marine waste (W) collected from the ocean using the coolant cooled while passing through the heat exchange unit (700) and crush the frozen marine waste (W) It includes a crushing portion 800.

The LNG storage unit 100 is a liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage system having an LNG storage container 110 having an independent insulating structure 120, and the heat insulating structure 120 can be changed in size or shape. In order to prevent external heat from flowing into the interior, various insulating materials with excellent thermal performance can be used.

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) stored in the LNG storage unit 100 may be discharged to the outside in a liquid or gaseous state to be used as fuel. The liquid liquefied natural gas (LNG) stored in the LNG storage unit 100 is supplied to the carburetor 200 through the first check valve 131 and the LNG discharge pipe 130.

In addition, the LNG storage unit 100 is surrounded by an insulating structure 120 so that heat exchange with the outside is minimized. To increase, the vaporized LNG vaporized gas (BOG: Boil-off Gas) may be supplied to the vaporizer 200 through the vaporized gas discharge pipe 140. The supply of the LNG vaporized gas through the vaporized gas discharge pipe 140 is controlled by the second check valve 141.

The vaporizer 200 functions to vaporize liquid liquefied natural gas (LNG) into a gaseous state required for reforming, and may be configured by applying a known LNG vaporizer.

In addition, the LNG gas vaporized while passing through the vaporizer 200 reacts with water vapor supplied from the water vapor supply unit in a high temperature environment in the reformer 300 to generate hydrogen gas along with some carbon dioxide. At this time, the steam supplied to the reformer 300 may be obtained by heating the seawater by supplying heat generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 600 to the seawater. To this end, the steam supply unit may include a seawater storage tank 510 for storing seawater, and a heat supply unit 520 for heating seawater by supplying heat generated from the hydrogen fuel cell to the seawater storage tank.

The reformer 300 may be applied to a known reformer that generates hydrogen by the reaction of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and water vapor. For example, a reformer disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1302006 is applied. can do.

The hydrogen gas generated in the reformer 300 may be stored in the hydrogen collector 400 installed between the reformer 300 and the hydrogen fuel cell 600 and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 600 as necessary.

In the hydrogen fuel cell 600, hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen collector 400 reacts with oxygen to generate electricity and water. The hydrogen fuel cell 600 is operated by overlapping several layers to form one stack, and its operation may be controlled according to power required by the ship. The electricity generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 600 is supplied to the motor 610 constituting the propulsion unit to operate the motor 610, and the power of the motor 610 is transmitted to the propeller 620 at the rear of the hull, so that the ship is propulsive. You will be able to get it.

On the other hand, the low-temperature heat source of LNG vaporized gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) supplied from the LNG storage unit 100 to the vaporizer 200 cools the refrigerant, freezes marine waste using the cooled refrigerant, and crushes it. It is structured to be able to do.

To this end, a heat exchange unit 700 is installed between the LNG storage unit 100 and the vaporizer 200 to exchange heat with the refrigerant while passing through the LNG discharge pipe 130 and the vaporized gas discharge pipe 140. The heat exchange unit 700 includes a refrigerant passage through which a refrigerant supplied from the outside flows through a refrigerant control valve 710, and the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passage is the LNG discharge pipe 130 and the vaporized gas discharge pipe 140. It is cooled to a cryogenic state by heat exchange with cryogenic liquid LNG or LNG vaporized gas passing through.

The cryogenic freeze crushing unit 800 is configured to freeze the marine waste collected from the sea by using the refrigerant cooled while passing through the heat exchange unit 700 and crush the frozen marine waste. For this purpose, the cryogenic freeze crushing unit 800 is cooled while passing through the waste freezing chamber 810 into which the marine waste W collected from the sea is put, and the heat exchange unit 700 as shown in FIG. 2. A refrigerant passage 820 for freezing the marine waste W in the waste freezing chamber 810 while the refrigerant flows, and a crusher 830 for crushing the frozen waste in the waste freezing chamber 810. have. The crusher 830 may be configured by applying a crusher used for crushing known waste. For example, as shown in the drawing, a plurality of drums 831 having a plurality of crushing protrusions 832 formed on the surface thereof may be arranged side by side, or may have a structure including a plurality of crushing blades rotating at high speed. A hopper 811 into which marine floating waste collected from a ship is put may be provided at an upper end of the waste freezing chamber 810.

The refrigerant passage 820 may be configured to spirally surround the outer surface of the waste freezing chamber 810 and absorb heat through the surface of the waste freezing chamber 810 made of a thermally conductive metal material to freeze the waste. However, it may be configured to freeze waste by directly supplying the refrigerant gas into the waste freezing chamber 810.

Although not shown in the drawing, the waste particles P crushed by the shredder 830 may be transferred to and stored in a shredded material storage unit.

A method of treating marine waste using the marine waste treatment vessel configured as described above will be described in detail as follows.

Liquid LNG stored in the LNG storage container 110 of the LNG storage unit 100 is supplied to the carburetor 200 through the LNG discharge pipe 130 when the first check valve 131 is opened. At this time, the LNG vaporized gas (BOG) generated by the vaporization of LNG in the LNG storage container 110 is supplied to the vaporizer 200 through the vaporized gas discharge pipe 140 when the second check valve 141 is opened.

LNG vaporized through the vaporizer 200 is supplied to the reformer 300. At this time, water vapor generated in the seawater storage tank 510 of the water vapor supply unit 500 is supplied to the reformer 300, and gaseous LNG and water vapor react to generate hydrogen together with some carbon dioxide. At this time, the water vapor supplied from the seawater storage tank 510 is obtained while the seawater is heated by thermal energy generated from the hydrogen fuel cell 600.

The hydrogen gas generated in the reformer 300 is temporarily stored in the hydrogen collector 400 and then supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 600, and reacts with oxygen to generate electricity and water. The electricity generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 600 is supplied to the motor 610 constituting the propulsion unit to operate the motor 610, and the power of the motor 610 is transmitted to the propeller 620 at the rear of the hull, so that the ship is propulsive. You will be able to get it.

Meanwhile, in the process of generating hydrogen by reforming liquefied natural gas (LNG) for ship propulsion as described above, liquid LNG and/or LNG vaporized gas supplied to the carburetor 200, which is a low-temperature heat source, is transferred into the heat exchange unit 700. Heat exchange with the supplied refrigerant (for example, nitrogen) makes the refrigerant cryogenic.

The refrigerant cooled in the cryogenic state in the heat exchange unit 700 is supplied to the cryogenic freeze crushing unit 800 to freeze the collected marine waste. In addition, the cryogenic freeze crushing unit 800 crushes the frozen marine waste using a crusher 830. The waste particles P crushed by the crusher 830 are transferred to and stored in a crushed material storage unit (not shown).

As described above, the marine waste treatment vessel of the present invention can generate hydrogen for propulsion of the vessel by reforming liquefied natural gas (LNG), and in the process of generating hydrogen by reforming liquefied natural gas (LNG), the liquid phase is a low-temperature heat source. The refrigerant may be cooled using LNG and/or LNG vaporized gas. In addition, the cooled refrigerant freezes the marine floating waste supplied to the cryogenic freeze crushing unit, and the frozen marine floating waste is easily crushed by a crusher to become waste particles with small particles, thus improving the disposal and storage capacity of the waste. You will be able to.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, but those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various substitutions, additions, and modifications within the scope not departing from the technical idea described above. It is natural, and it should be understood that such modified embodiments also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

LNG: Liquefied natural gas W: Marine waste
P: Particle 100: LNG storage
110: LNG storage container 120: insulation structure
130: LNG discharge pipe 131; 1st check valve
140: vaporized gas discharge pipe 141: second check valve
200: carburetor 300: reformer
400: hydrogen collector 500; Steam supply
510: seawater storage tank 520: heat supply unit
600: hydrogen fuel cell 610: motor
620: propeller 700: heat exchange part
800: cryogenic freeze crushing unit 810: waste freezing chamber
820: refrigerant flow path 830: crusher
831: drum 832: crushing protrusion

Claims (7)

LNG storage unit for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG);
A vaporizer receiving LNG vaporized gas or liquid LNG supplied from the LNG storage unit;
A steam supply unit for supplying steam;
A reformer for generating hydrogen gas by a reaction of the LNG gas supplied from the vaporizer and the steam supplied from the steam supply unit;
A hydrogen fuel cell generating electric energy using hydrogen gas generated in the reformer;
A propulsion unit for driving the vessel while rotating by receiving the electric energy generated from the hydrogen fuel cell;
A hydrogen collector installed between the reformer and the hydrogen fuel cell to store hydrogen gas generated in the reformer;
A heat exchange unit disposed between the LNG storage unit and the vaporizer to cool the refrigerant by heat exchange between the LNG vaporized gas or liquid LNG moving from the LNG storage unit to the vaporizer and a refrigerant supplied from the outside; And,
A cryogenic freeze crushing unit for freezing the marine waste collected from the sea using the cooled refrigerant while passing through the heat exchange unit, and crushing the frozen marine waste;
Including,
The steam supply unit includes a seawater storage tank for storing seawater, and a heat supply unit for heating seawater by supplying heat generated from the hydrogen fuel cell to the seawater storage tank,
The cryogenic freeze crushing unit is configured to spirally surround the outer surface of the waste freezing chamber by flowing a waste freezing chamber made of a thermally conductive metal material into which marine waste collected from the ocean is injected, and a refrigerant cooled while passing through the heat exchange unit. Hydrogen fuel propulsion marine waste treatment vessel comprising a refrigerant passage for freezing marine waste in the waste freezing chamber by absorbing heat through the surface of the waste freezing chamber, and a crusher for crushing frozen waste in the waste freezing chamber. delete delete delete According to claim 1, Hydrogen fuel propulsion marine waste treatment vessel further comprising a crushed material storage for storing the waste particles crushed by the crusher. As a method for treating marine waste using a hydrogen fuel-promoted marine waste treatment vessel according to paragraph 1,
(S1) supplying LNG vaporized gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) from an LNG storage unit to a reformer through a vaporizer and reacting with steam to generate hydrogen gas;
(S2) performing heat exchange with a refrigerant in the process of supplying LNG vaporized gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) from the LNG storage unit to a vaporizer;
(S3) supplying the heat-exchanged cooled refrigerant to a cryogenic freeze crushing unit to freeze the collected marine waste; And,
(S4) crushing frozen marine waste in the cryogenic freeze crushing unit;
Including,
In the step (S1), the seawater stored in the seawater storage tank is supplied with heat generated from the hydrogen fuel cell to generate steam by heating the seawater, and hydrogen fuel that supplies the generated steam to the reformer is promoted. Processing method.
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