KR102180185B1 - 연산 모델 및 3차원(3d) 인쇄 방법 - Google Patents
연산 모델 및 3차원(3d) 인쇄 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102180185B1 KR102180185B1 KR1020167030183A KR20167030183A KR102180185B1 KR 102180185 B1 KR102180185 B1 KR 102180185B1 KR 1020167030183 A KR1020167030183 A KR 1020167030183A KR 20167030183 A KR20167030183 A KR 20167030183A KR 102180185 B1 KR102180185 B1 KR 102180185B1
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/171—Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본 명세서에 개시된 3D 인쇄 방법의 일 예를 도시하는 흐름도이다.
도 2a 내지 도 2f는 본 명세서에 개시된 3D 인쇄 방법의 일 예를 사용하는 3D 물체의 층 형성에 관여하는 단계의 단면도이다.
도 3은 도 2d의 제조 베드 내의 소결성 재료의 개략 평면도이며, 형성될 층의 단면 내의 그 부분에는 응집제가 도포되고 에지 경계에서 그 다른 부분에는 개질제가 도포된다.
도 4는 도 2d의 제조 베드 내의 소결성 재료의 일부의 정면 사시도이며, 형성될 3D 물체의 단면 내의 그 부분에는 응집제가 도포되고 에지 경계에서 및 3D 물체의 단면 외부에서 그 다른 부분에는 개질제가 도포된다.
도 5는 본 명세서에 개시된 3D 인쇄 방법의 일 예에 사용될 수 있는 3D 인쇄 시스템의 일 예의 간략화된 등각도이다.
도 6a 내지 도 6f는 본 명세서에 개시된 개질제의 일 예를 사용하여 형성된 부분(도 6a) 및 비교 개질제로 형성된 비교 부분(도 6b 내지 도 6f)의 사진이다.
도 7은 개질제의 액적에 대한 톱니 길이의 그래프이다.
도 8a 내지 도 8d는 상이한 양의 개질제를 사용하여 형성된 부분의 사진이다.
용매 |
열확산율
(㎟/s) |
열전도율
(W/(m*K)) |
비열
(J/(g*K)) |
밀도
(g/㎥) |
비등점
(℃) |
인화점
(℃) |
물 | 0.162 | 0.680 | 4.19 | 1.00E+06 | 100 | N/A |
트리메틸올프로판 | 0.145 | 0.256 | 1.58 | 1.12E+06 | 296 | 148 |
글리세롤 | 0.093 | 0.285 | 2.43 | 1.26E+06 | 290 | 160 |
1,2,4-부탄트리올 | 0.044 | 0.199 | 3.70 | 1.22E+06 | 304 | 154 |
1,5-펜탄디올 | 0.069 | 0.211 | 3.08 | 9.94E+05 | 239 | 129 |
1,4-부탄디올 | 0.105 | 0.211 | 1.99 | 1.01E+06 | 228 | 106 |
2-피롤리디논 | 0.088 | 0.194 | 1.97 | 1.12E+06 | 245 | 136 |
2-히드록시에틸-2-피롤리디논 | 데이터 없음 | 데이터 없음 | 데이터 없음 | 1.16E+06 | 296 | 133 |
트리프로필렌 글리콜(TPG) | 0.082 | 0.165 | 1.97 | 1.02E+06 | 265 | 143 |
디프로필렌 글리콜 | 0.075 | 0.167 | 2.18 | 1.02E+06 | 232 | 124 |
테트라에틸렌 글리콜 | 0.078 | 0.191 | 2.18 | 1.12E+06 | 328 | 177 |
트리에틸렌 글리콜 | 0.080 | 0.196 | 2.18 | 1.13E+06 | 288 | 166 |
트리프로필렌 글리콜 메틸 에테르 | 0.075 | 0.154 | 2.12 | 9.63E+05 | 243 | 121 |
트리에틸렌 글리콜 n-부틸 에테르 | 0.076 | 0.160 | 2.13 | 9.90E+05 | 289 | 156 |
성분 |
IF7
예 |
IF
비교예 1 |
IF4
비교예 2 |
IF6
비교예 3 |
IF8
비교예 4 |
IF9
비교예 5 |
중량 퍼센트 | ||||||
칼륨 인산염 2염기 3수화물 (K2HPO4-3H2O) |
0 | 0 | 27.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
요드화 칼륨(KI) | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 20 |
트리프로필렌 글리콜 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
2-히드록시에틸-2-피롤리디논 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1,6-헥산디올 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2-피롤리디논(2-P) | 0 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
테트라에틸렌 글리콜 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
글리세롤 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
SURFYNOL® SEF | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
CHEMGUARD® S 550-L-100 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
CRODAFOS® N-3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
PROXEL® GXL | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
탈이온수 | 나머지 | 나머지 | 나머지 | 나머지 | 나머지 | 나머지 |
사용된 부분 및 개질제 |
도면 |
IF7 예를 사용하여 형성된 예시적 부분 | 도 6a |
IF 비교예 1을 사용하여 형성된 비교 부분 1 | 도 6b |
IF4 비교예 2를 사용하여 형성된 비교 부분 2 | 도 6c |
IF6 비교예 3을 사용하여 형성된 비교 부분 3 | 도 6d |
IF8 비교예 4를 사용하여 형성된 비교 부분 4 | 도 6e |
IF9 비교예 5를 사용하여 형성된 비교 부분 5 | 도 6f |
부분 |
경화전
지연
(초) |
개질제
(mg/㎠) |
측정된 특징부 길이
(㎜) |
비교예 1 | 2 | 0 | 2.40 |
예 2 | 2 | 0.66 | 2.32 |
예 3 | 2 | 1.33 | 2.15 |
비교예 4 | 4 | 0 | 2.45 |
예 5 | 4 | 0.66 | 2.33 |
예 6 | 4 | 1.33 | 2.28 |
Claims (15)
- 3차원(3D) 인쇄 방법에 있어서,
소결성 재료를 도포하는 단계;
소결성 재료를 50℃ 내지 350℃의 온도로 가열하는 단계;
소결성 재료의 부분 상에 응집제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계;
(i) 소결성 재료의 열확산 특성, (ⅱ) 상기 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성될 층의 열확산 특성, 또는 (ⅲ) 상기 (i) 및 (ⅱ) 양자를 이용하여 소결성 재료의 다른 부분 상에 개질제를 어떻게 선택적으로 도포할지를 결정하는 단계로서, 상기 개질제는,
70 중량% 내지 95 중량%의 물;
물보다 낮은 열확산율을 갖는 5 중량% 내지 30 중량%의 공용매; 및
계면활성제를 포함하는, 결정 단계;
상기 소결성 재료의 다른 부분 상에 개질제의 총량을 선택적으로 도포하는 단계; 및
소결성 재료를 방사선에 노출시킴으로써, 상기 응집제가 방사선을 흡수하고 흡수한 방사선을 열 에너지로 변환하며 상기 열 에너지를 전파하여 상기 응집제와 열 접촉하고 있는 상기 소결성 재료의 상기 부분을 적어도 부분적으로 경화시키고, 상기 개질제가 상기 개질제와 열 접촉하고 있는 상기 소결성 재료의 다른 부분의 경화를 감소 또는 방지하는 단계를 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 결정 단계는,
지속성 유형적 컴퓨터 판독가능한 저장 매체(non-transitory, tangible computer readable storage medium)에 저장된 컴퓨터 판독가능한 지령을 실행하는 컴퓨터에 의해, 소결성 재료로 형성될 층의 열확산 모델을 생성하는 단계; 및
상기 열확산 모델에 기초하여 선택적으로 도포될 개질제의 양을 상기 컴퓨터로 계산하는 단계에 의해 달성되는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 층은 상기 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성되어야 하며,
상기 계산하는 단계는,
상기 열확산 모델로부터, 제조 베드(fabrication bed)에 대한 설정 온도보다 높은 상기 소결성 재료의 다른 부분의 과잉 온도를 결정하는 단계;
상기 과잉 온도를 과잉 에너지의 양으로 변환하는 단계; 및
상기 과잉 에너지의 양을, 과잉 에너지를 제거하는 데 효과적인 상기 개질제의 양으로 변환하는 단계를 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 과잉 에너지의 양은 상기 소결성 재료의 다른 부분으로의 에너지의 이차 이동을 상쇄하기 위해 증가되는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
에너지 손실을 보충하기 위해 상기 부분 내에 또는 상기 부분의 경계 내에 도포될 응집제의 조절된 양을 결정하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 결정 단계는 개질제의 양, 및 상기 개질제의 양에 의해 초래되는 온도 변화를 실험적으로 결정하는 단계를 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 6 항에 있어서,
상기 실험적으로 결정하는 단계는,
일체의 응집제 또는 개질제를 갖지 않는 소결성 재료를 방사선에 노출시켜 참조 영역을 형성하는 단계;
참조 영역의 온도를 측정하는 단계;
상기 결정된 양의 개질제를 갖는 소결성 재료를 방사선에 노출시켜 테스트 영역을 형성하는 단계;
테스트 영역의 온도를 측정하는 단계;
상기 테스트 영역과 상기 참조 영역 사이의 온도 차이를 결정하는 단계; 및
상기 개질제의 양을 상기 온도 차이와 연관시키는 단계를 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 결정 단계는,
동일 종류의 소결성 재료와 선택적으로 도포된 응집제에 대한 동일한 위치를 갖고, 개질제는 갖지 않는 상태로 형성된 경화층을 이용하여 열확산의 길이 스케일을 추정하는 단계; 및
상기 길이 스케일로부터 적어도 개질제의 선택적 도포를 위한 위치를 확인하는 단계를 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 결정 단계는,
지속성 유형적 컴퓨터 판독가능한 저장 매체에 저장된 컴퓨터 판독가능한 지령을 실행하는 컴퓨터에 의해, 소결성 재료로 형성될 층에 대한 3D 형상 정보를 수신하는 단계;
상기 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성될 층에 대한 에너지 또는 온도 프로파일을 상기 컴퓨터로 생성하는 단계; 및
상기 3D 형상 정보와 상기 에너지 또는 온도 프로파일로부터, 개질제의 선택적 도포를 위한 패턴을 상기 컴퓨터로 생성하는 단계에 의해 달성되는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 소결성 재료는 접촉면 상에 도포되며,
상기 방법은,
형성될 3차원 물체의 층의 단면의 패턴으로 상기 소결성 재료의 부분 상에 응집제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계로서, 상기 단면은 상기 접촉면에 평행한, 응집제 도포 단계; 및
상기 단면의 적어도 일부의 에지 경계에서 상기 소결성 재료의 다른 부분 상에 개질제를 선택적으로 도포하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는
3D 인쇄 방법. - 3차원(3D) 인쇄 방법 중에 개질제를 어떻게 도포할지를 확인하기 위한 방법에 있어서,
지속성 유형적 컴퓨터 판독가능한 저장 매체에 저장된 컴퓨터 판독가능한 지령을 실행하는 컴퓨터에 의해, 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성될 층에 대한 3D 형상 정보를 수신하는 단계로서, 상기 3D 형상 정보는 응집제의 선택적 도포를 나타내는 값을 포함하는, 수신 단계;
상기 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성될 층에 대한 에너지 또는 온도 프로파일을 상기 컴퓨터로 생성하는 단계; 및
상기 3D 형상 정보와 상기 에너지 또는 온도 프로파일로부터, 형성될 층에 대한 개질제의 선택적 도포를 위한 패턴을 상기 컴퓨터로 생성하는 단계를 포함하는
확인 방법. - 제 11 항에 있어서,
상기 응집제의 선택적 도포를 나타내는 값을 조절하기 위한 수정 값을 상기 컴퓨터로 생성하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는
확인 방법. - 3차원(3D) 인쇄 방법 중에 개질제를 어떻게 도포할지를 확인하기 위한 연산 모델링 방법에 있어서,
지속성 유형적 컴퓨터 판독가능한 저장 매체에 저장된 컴퓨터 판독가능한 지령을 실행하는 컴퓨터에 의해, 3D 인쇄 방법을 이용하여 소결성 재료의 부분으로 형성될 3D 물체의 층의 열확산 모델을 생성하는 단계; 및
상기 열확산 모델에 기초하여 선택적으로 도포될 개질제의 양을 상기 컴퓨터로 계산하는 단계를 포함하는
연산 모델링 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 열확산 모델은 상기 층의 에지 경계 외부의 과잉 에너지를 확인하고;
상기 계산하는 단계는 상기 과잉 에너지를 선택적으로 도포될 상기 개질제의 양으로 변환하는
연산 모델링 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 부분의 에지 경계 내에 또는 상기 부분 내에 도포될 응집제의 양을 결정하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는
연산 모델링 방법.
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CN106232331B (zh) | 2020-04-07 |
US20170151722A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
KR20160147772A (ko) | 2016-12-23 |
JP6273042B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
EP3137283A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
MX2016014138A (es) | 2017-02-09 |
RU2656329C2 (ru) | 2018-06-04 |
RU2016142350A3 (ko) | 2018-05-30 |
JP2017517414A (ja) | 2017-06-29 |
DE112014006447T5 (de) | 2016-11-24 |
WO2015167520A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
EP3137283A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
BR112016021614B1 (pt) | 2021-08-17 |
US10471698B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
EP3137283B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
RU2016142350A (ru) | 2018-05-30 |
MX375127B (es) | 2025-03-06 |
CN106232331A (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
BR112016021614A2 (pt) | 2018-07-10 |
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