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KR102043621B1 - Carbon fiber using enhanced spinnability lignin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon fiber using enhanced spinnability lignin and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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KR102043621B1
KR102043621B1 KR1020180088371A KR20180088371A KR102043621B1 KR 102043621 B1 KR102043621 B1 KR 102043621B1 KR 1020180088371 A KR1020180088371 A KR 1020180088371A KR 20180088371 A KR20180088371 A KR 20180088371A KR 102043621 B1 KR102043621 B1 KR 102043621B1
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lignin
carbon fiber
solubility
precursor
dimethylformamide
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KR1020180088371A
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Korean (ko)
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이재웅
조채현
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영남대학교 산학협력단
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/16Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate
    • D01F9/17Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate from lignin
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/10Filtering or de-aerating the spinning solution or melt
    • D01D1/106Filtering
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06Wet spinning methods

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon fiber using lignin having improved spinnability as a precursor. More particularly, the present invention is to provide lignin, having solubility in dimethylformamide (DMF) of 95% or more, as a precursor for carbon fiber with improved spinnability, as it has been confirmed that the solubility of lignin in DMF is best as a result of confirming the solubility of lignin in various solvents to control the molecular weight of lignin, and as it has been confirmed that the spinnability improves as solubility increases.

Description

방사성이 향상된 리그닌을 이용한 탄소섬유 및 이의 제조방법{Carbon fiber using enhanced spinnability lignin and preparation method thereof}Carbon fiber using enhanced spinnability lignin and preparation method

본 발명은 방사성이 향상된 리그닌을 전구체로 이용한 탄소섬유 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon fiber using lignin having improved radioactivity as a precursor.

탄소섬유란 탄소원소의 질량 함유율이 90% 이상으로 이루어진 섬유장의 탄소재료로서 폴리아크릴로니트릴(Polyacrylonitrile, 이하 PAN), 석유계ㆍ석탄계 탄화수소잔류물인 피치(Pitch, 아스팔트) 또는 레이온으로부터 제조된 섬유형태의 유기 전구체물질(Precursor, 탄화시키기 전의 물질)을 불활성 분위기에서 열분해하여 얻어지는 섬유를 의미한다.Carbon fiber is a fibrous carbon material having a mass content of carbon element of 90% or more, and is made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a petroleum- or hydrocarbon-based hydrocarbon residue pitch (asphalt) or rayon. It means a fiber obtained by thermal decomposition of an organic precursor material (precursor, material before carbonization) in an inert atmosphere.

탄소섬유는 구성원소에 있는 탄소재료로서의 구조 및 조직특성과 섬유형태 특성을 합친 재료로서 내열성, 화학적 안정성, 전기 열전도성, 저열팽창성에 따른 치수안정성, 저밀도, 마찰 마모특성, X선 투과성, 전자파 차폐성, 생체친화성, 유연성 등의 우수한 특징을 지니고 있으며, 활성화 조건에 따라서는 매우 우수한 흡착특성 부여도 가능하다.Carbon fiber is a material that combines the structure and structure characteristics and fiber morphology of the carbon material in the member element, and the dimensional stability according to heat resistance, chemical stability, electrical thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion, low density, frictional wear characteristics, X-ray transmission, electromagnetic wave shielding It has excellent features such as biocompatibility, flexibility, etc., and it is possible to give very good adsorption characteristics depending on the activation conditions.

또한, 탄소섬유는 다른 섬유에 비하여 높은 비강도 및 비탄성률을 갖기 때문에, 복합 재료용 보강 섬유로서, 스포츠 용도나 항공ㆍ우주 용도에 더하여, 자동차나 토목ㆍ건축, 압력용기 및 풍차 블레이드 등의 일반 산업용도에도 폭 넓게 사용되고 있다.In addition, carbon fiber has a higher specific strength and inelasticity than other fibers, and thus, as a reinforcing fiber for composite materials, in addition to sports applications, aerospace and aerospace applications, carbon fibers, such as automobiles, civil engineering, construction, pressure vessels, and windmill blades, etc. It is also widely used for industrial purposes.

이러한 탄소섬유 중에서 가장 널리 이용되고 있는 PAN계 탄소섬유는 그의 전구체가 되는 PAN계 중합체를 포함하는 방사 용액을 습식 방사, 건식 방사 또는 건습식 방사하여 탄소섬유용 전구체를 얻은 후, 이것을 산화성 분위기하에서 가열하여 내염화 섬유로 전환시키고, 불활성 분위기하에서 가열하여 탄소화함으로써 공업적으로 제조되고 있다. 이때 소요되는 경비중 PAN 섬유 전구체가 43%, 산화 안정화 18%, 탄화 흑연화 과정 13%, 기타공정이 11%를 차지하고 있으며, 특히 전구체 섬유에서 탄소섬유로 제조될 때 수율이 50% 이하로 낮게 제조되고 있어 고가로 판매되고 있으며, 이에 따라 극히 제한적으로 사용되고 있다.The PAN-based carbon fiber which is most widely used among these carbon fibers is a spinning solution containing a PAN-based polymer which is a precursor thereof by wet spinning, dry spinning or dry wet spinning to obtain a precursor for the carbon fiber, and then heating it under an oxidizing atmosphere. It is industrially produced by converting into a flame resistant fiber, and carbonizing by heating in an inert atmosphere. At this time, PAN fiber precursor accounted for 43%, oxidation stabilization 18%, carbonization graphitization process 13%, and other processes 11%. It is being manufactured and sold at a high price, and thus is extremely limited in use.

또한, 셀룰로오스계 탄소섬유는 레이온으로 알려진 비스코스 용액을 제조하여 습식방사하여 전구체 섬유를 얻은 후 상기의 탄소화 과정을 거쳐 탄소섬유를 제조하고 있으나, 셀룰로오스계의 경우 탄화수율이 PAN계보다 더 낮은, 20% 이하의 수율을 보이고 있어 경쟁력이 낮은 문제점이 있다.In addition, the cellulose-based carbon fiber is prepared by the viscose solution known as rayon and wet spinning to obtain the precursor fiber, and then through the carbonization process to produce a carbon fiber, the cellulose-based carbon fiber yield is lower than the PAN-based, The yield is less than 20%, there is a problem of low competitiveness.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해, PAN계 원료를 대체할 수 있는 새로운 원료물질로 리그닌을 탄소섬유 전구체 섬유로 제조하기 위한 연구가 진행되었으나, 리그닌은 낮은 방사성을 나타내는 문제점이 있어 이를 해결하기 위한 연구가 필요한 실정이다.In order to solve this problem, research has been conducted to prepare lignin as a carbon fiber precursor fiber as a new raw material that can replace PAN-based raw materials, but lignin has a problem of showing low radioactivity and thus, research to solve this problem is needed. It is true.

대한민국 공개특허 제10-2014-0002991호(2014. 01. 09. 공개)Republic of Korea Publication No. 10-2014-0002991 (2014. 01. 09. published)

앞서 전술한 바와 리그닌의 분자량을 조절하여 낮은 방사성 문제가 나타나는 리그닌의 방사성을 향상시킴으로써, 높은 가격에 의해 사용이 제한적인 PAN계 화합물을 대체할 수 있는 탄소섬유용 전구체로 제공하고자 한다.As described above, by adjusting the molecular weight of lignin to improve the radioactivity of lignin, which exhibits low radioactivity, it is intended to provide a precursor for carbon fiber that can replace PAN-based compounds that are limited in use due to high price.

본 발명은 디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에 리그닌을 용해시키는 단계; The present invention comprises the steps of dissolving lignin in dimethylformamide (DMF);

상기 용해된 리그닌을 여과한 후 건조시켜 리그닌 분말을 얻는 단계; Filtering and drying the dissolved lignin to obtain lignin powder;

상기 리그닌 분말과 섬유형성 고분자를 용해시켜 방사용액을 제조하는 단계;Preparing a spinning solution by dissolving the lignin powder and the fiber-forming polymer;

상기 방사용액을 응고조에서 고화시키는 용액방사법으로 전구체 섬유를 제조하는 단계: 및Preparing a precursor fiber by a solution spinning method to solidify the spinning solution in a coagulation bath: And

상기 전구체 섬유로 탄소섬유를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 디메틸포름아미드에 대한 용해도가 95% 이상인 리그닌을 전구체로 하는 탄소섬유 제조방법을 제공한다.It provides a carbon fiber manufacturing method using a lignin precursor having a solubility in dimethylformamide of 95% or more, including the step of forming a carbon fiber with the precursor fiber.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 탄소섬유 제조방법에 따른 방사성이 향상된 리그닌을 전구체로 하는 탄소섬유을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a carbon fiber with a precursor to lignin with improved radioactivity according to the carbon fiber manufacturing method.

본 발명에 따르면, 리그닌의 분자량 조절을 위하여 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌의 용해도를 확인한 결과, 디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에 대한 리그닌의 용해도가 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었으며, 용해도가 증가할수록 방사성이 향상되는 것으로 확인됨에 따라, 디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에 대한 용해도가 95% 이상인 리그닌을 방사성이 향상된 탄소섬유용 전구체로 제공하고자 한다.According to the present invention, as a result of confirming the solubility of the lignin in a variety of solvents for the control of the molecular weight of the lignin, it was confirmed that the solubility of the lignin in dimethylformamide (DMF) is the best, the radioactivity is improved as the solubility increases As a result, it is intended to provide a lignin having a solubility in dimethylformamide (DMF) of 95% or more as a precursor for improved carbon fiber.

도 1은 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌의 용해도를 확인하기 위한 용해도 분석 실험 과정을 나타낸 모식도이다.
도 2는 다양한 용매에 용해시킨 리그닌을 여과한 후 건조시켜 얻은 리그닌 분말을 확인한 사진으로, 도 2A는 디메틸포름아미드(DMF), 디메틸아세트아미드(DMAc) 및 아세톤(acetone) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이며, 도 2B는 에틸 알콜(Ethyl alcohol) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이며, 도 2C는 에틸렌 글리콜(Ethylene glycol), 테트라클로로에틸렌(Prerchloroethylene) 및 이소프로필 알콜(Isopropyl alcohol) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이며, 도 2D는 아크릴로니트릴(Acrylonitile) 및 빙초산(Acetic acid Glucial) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이며, 도 2E는 메틸 알콜(Methyl alcohol), n-헥산(Hexane) 및 무수 아세트산(Acetic anhydride) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이며, 도 2F는 포름산(Formic acid) 및 2-하이드록시에틸 메트아크릴산(2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate) 용매에 용해시켜 얻은 리그닌이다.
1 is a schematic diagram showing the solubility analysis experiment process for confirming the solubility of lignin in various solvents.
Figure 2 is a photograph showing the lignin powder obtained by filtering and drying the lignin dissolved in various solvents, Figure 2A is lignin obtained by dissolving in dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and acetone (acetone) solvent 2B is lignin obtained by dissolving in an ethyl alcohol solvent, and FIG. 2C is lignin obtained by dissolving in an ethylene glycol, tetrachloroethylene, and isopropyl alcohol solvent. 2D is lignin obtained by dissolving in acrylonitile and acetic acid Glucial solvent, and FIG. 2E is in methyl alcohol, n-hexane and acetic anhydride solvent. Lignin obtained by dissolving, FIG. 2F is lignin obtained by dissolving in formic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate solvent.

이하, 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

본 발명의 “리그닌”은 펄프 공업 내지 바이오리파이너리 산업에 있어서 부산물로 얻어지는 것으로, 리그닌은 분자재 수산화기(-OH) 함량이 높아 강한 수소결합을 나타내기 때문에 통상적인 방법으로는 용융방사가 어려운 문제점이 있어 탄소섬유 제조용 전구체로 사용하기 어려운 바, 본 발명의 발명자들은 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌 용해도를 확인하고 용해를 통하여 리그닌의 분자량을 조절함으로써 리그닌의 방사성이 향상되는 것을 확인함으로써 본 발명을 완성하였다.The "lignin" of the present invention is obtained as a by-product from the pulp industry or the biorefinery industry. Since lignin has a high molecular weight hydroxyl group (-OH) content and shows strong hydrogen bonds, it is difficult to melt-spin by the conventional method. The inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention by confirming lignin solubility in various solvents and adjusting the molecular weight of lignin through dissolution to improve radioactivity of lignin.

본 발명은 디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에 리그닌을 용해시키는 단계; 상기 용해된 리그닌을 여과한 후 건조시켜 리그닌 분말을 얻는 단계; 상기 리그닌 분말과 섬유형성 고분자를 용해시켜 방사용액을 제조하는 단계; 상기 방사용액을 응고조에서 고화시키는 용액방사법으로 전구체 섬유를 제조하는 단계: 및 상기 전구체 섬유로 탄소섬유를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 디메틸포름아미드에 대한 용해도가 95% 이상인 리그닌을 전구체로 하는 탄소섬유 제조방법을 제공할 수 있다.The present invention comprises the steps of dissolving lignin in dimethylformamide (DMF); Filtering and drying the dissolved lignin to obtain lignin powder; Preparing a spinning solution by dissolving the lignin powder and the fiber-forming polymer; Preparing a precursor fiber by a solution spinning method of solidifying the spinning solution in a coagulation bath; and carbon fibers having a lignin having a solubility in dimethylformamide of 95% or more, including forming carbon fibers with the precursor fibers. It can provide a manufacturing method.

상기 탄소섬유는 리그닌과 섬유형성 고분자가 4:6 내지 6:4 중량비로 포함될 수 있으며, 보다 바람직하게는 리그닌과 섬유형성 고분자가 5:5 중량비로 포함될 수 있다.The carbon fiber may include lignin and a fiber-forming polymer in a weight ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4, and more preferably lignin and a fiber-forming polymer in a 5: 5 weight ratio.

탄소섬유 제조에 있어서, 리그닌과 섬유형성 고분자의 함량비가 상기 범위를 이상으로 포함될 경우, 탄소섬유 제조를 위한 전구체 섬유 섬유형성이 이루어지지 않는 문제점이 발생할 수 있으며, 상기 함량비 이하로 포함될 경우, 탄소섬유 형성시 탄소섬유수율이 낮아지는 문제점이 발생될 수 있다.In the production of carbon fiber, when the content ratio of the lignin and the fiber-forming polymer is included in the above range, there may occur a problem that the precursor fiber fiber formation for the carbon fiber is not made, if included below the content ratio, carbon When the fiber is formed, a problem of low carbon fiber yield may occur.

상기 섬유형성 고분자는 셀룰로오스, 폴리아크릴로나이트릴(Polyacrylonitrile),폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트(Polyethyleneterephthalate) 및 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드(Polyethylene oxide)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택될 수 있다.The fiber-forming polymer may be selected from the group consisting of cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene oxide.

상기 혼합용액은 디메틸포름아미드, C1 내지 C4의 알콜 또는 이들의 방사용매에 리그닌 분말 및 셀룰로오스를 용해시키는 것일 수 있다.The mixed solution may be to dissolve lignin powder and cellulose in dimethylformamide, C1 to C4 alcohol or their spinning solvent.

본 발명은 상기 제조방법에 따른 방사성이 향상된 리그닌을 전구체로 하는 탄소섬유를 제공할 수 있다.The present invention can provide a carbon fiber having a lignin with improved radioactivity according to the production method as a precursor.

상기 방사성이 향상된 리그닌은 디메틸포름아미드에 대한 용해도가 95% 이상인 것일 수 있다.The radioactive lignin may have a solubility in dimethylformamide of at least 95%.

이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 실시예를 들어 상세하게 설명하기로 한다. 다만 하기의 실시예는 본 발명의 내용을 예시하는 것일 뿐 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 실시예는 당업계에서 평균적인 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 보다 완전하게 설명하기 위해 제공되는 것이다.Hereinafter, examples will be described in detail to help understand the present invention. However, the following examples are merely to illustrate the content of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more completely explain the present invention to those skilled in the art.

<< 실시예Example 1> 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌 용해도 확인 1> Determination of lignin solubility in various solvents

낮은 방사성 문제를 나타내는 리그닌의 방사성을 향상시키기 위해, 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌의 용해도를 확인하여 분자량 제어 가능성을 확인하였다.In order to improve the radioactivity of lignin exhibiting low radioactivity problems, the solubility of lignin in various solvents was confirmed to confirm the molecular weight controllability.

먼저, 도 1과 같이 리그닌을 이소프로필알콜 (isopropylalcohol), 무수 아아세트산 (acetic anhydride), 에틸 알콜 (ethyl alcohol), 아세톤 (acetone), 메틸 알콜 (methyl alcohol), 에틸렌 알콜 (ethylene glycol), 디메틸아세트아미드 (dimethylacetamide; DMAc), 디메틸포름아미드 (dimethylformamide; DMF), n-헥산(hexane) 및 톨루엔(toluene) 용매에 용해시킨 후, 유리 필터(glass filter)를 이용하여 용해된 리그닌을 여과하고 리그닌이 여과된 유리 필터를 80℃에서 건조시켰다. 상기 건조된 리그닌의 무게를 측정하였으며, 측정된 무게 및 하기 계산식을 이용하여 용해도를 계산하였다.First, as shown in Figure 1, lignin isopropylalcohol (isopropylalcohol), acetic anhydride (acetic anhydride), ethyl alcohol (ethyl alcohol), acetone (acetone), methyl alcohol (ethylene alcohol), ethylene alcohol (dimethyl glycol), dimethyl After dissolving in dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF), n-hexane and toluene solvents, the dissolved lignin was filtered using a glass filter and lignin This filtered glass filter was dried at 80 ° C. The weight of the dried lignin was measured, and the solubility was calculated using the measured weight and the following formula.

[계산식][formula]

용해도(%) = (초기 리그닌 무게-용해 후 잔존 리그닌 무게)/초기 리그닌 무게 × 100Solubility (%) = (Initial Lignin Weight-Residual Lignin Weight After Dissolution) / Initial Lignin Weight × 100

그 결과, 표 1과 같이 다양한 용매에 대한 리그닌 용해도를 확인하여, 리그닌이 용해되지 못한 용매와 40 내지 99%의 용해도를 나타내는 용매를 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에서 리그닌 용해도가 98%로 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다.As a result, as shown in Table 1, by checking the lignin solubility in a variety of solvents, it was possible to identify a solvent that does not dissolve lignin and a solvent showing a solubility of 40 to 99%. In particular, the highest lignin solubility was 98% in dimethylformamide (DMF).

NO.NO. SolventSolvent Degree of dissolution(%)Degree of dissolution (%) Solubility parameterSolubility parameter NO.NO. SolventSolvent Degree of dissolution(%)Degree of dissolution (%) Solubility parameterSolubility parameter 1One Isopropyl alcoholIsopropyl alcohol 40.440.4 11.511.5 1010 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 97%2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 97% 82.682.6 -- 22 AcrylonitrileAcrylonitrile 42.542.5 12.512.5 1111 Formic acidFormic acid 8585 13.813.8 33 Acetic anhydrideAcetic anhydride 42.842.8 10.110.1 1212 Ethylene glycolEthylene glycol 96.196.1 16.316.3 44 Formaldehyde solutionFormaldehyde solution 47.947.9 -- 1313 DMAcDMAc 9999 10.110.1 55 M-cresolM-cresol 57.257.2 11.111.1 1414 DMFDMF 9898 12.112.1 66 Ethyl alcoholEthyl alcohol 62.262.2 12.712.7 1515 Perchloro
Ethylene
Perchloro
Ethylene
Not solubleNot soluble 9.39.3
77 AcetoneAcetone 74.174.1 9.99.9 1616 n-Hexanen-Hexane Not solubleNot soluble 7.27.2 88 Methyl alcoholMethyl alcohol 74.274.2 14.514.5 1717 WaterWater Not solubleNot soluble 23.423.4 99 Acetic acid glacialAcetic acid glacial 75.675.6 11.211.2 1818 TolueneToluene Not solubleNot soluble 8.98.9

<< 실시예Example 2> 리그닌 분자량 제어에 따른 방사성 향상 효과 확인 2> Confirmation of radioactivity improvement effect by controlling lignin molecular weight

앞선 실험에서 디메틸포름아미드에 용해된 리그닌의 용해도가 가장 높은 것으로 확인됨에 따라, 상기 디메틸포름아미드에 용해된 리그닌의 분자량을 확인하였다.As the previous experiment confirmed that the solubility of the lignin dissolved in dimethylformamide was the highest, the molecular weight of the lignin dissolved in the dimethylformamide was confirmed.

앞선 실험에서 얻은 디메틸포름아미드에 용해된 리그닌과 용해되지 않은 리그닌 및 순수 리그닌을 국제공인시험기관 한국고분자시험연구소에서 GPC 분석을 통해 리그닌의 분자량을 비교 분석하였다. The molecular weight of lignin was analyzed by GPC analysis of lignin, soluble lignin and pure lignin dissolved in dimethylformamide obtained from the previous experiment through the Korea Polymer Testing Institute.

그 결과, 순수 리그닌의 경우 중량평균분자량(Mw)이 6090이 나왔으며, 디메틸포름아미드에 용해된 리그닌과 용해되지 않은 리그닌의 경우 각각 2160과 9060이 나왔다.As a result, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 6090 for pure lignin, and 2160 and 9060 for lignin and lignin dissolved in dimethylformamide, respectively.

또한, 교반용 플라스크에 NMMO 용매하에서 셀룰로오스/리그닌 블렌딩 용액을 상기 비율에 따라 2시간 동안 용해시켰다. 그리고 탈포기를 이용하여 교반으로 생긴 기포를 완전히 제거하여 방사용 원액(dope)으로 사용하였다. 직경이 0.4mm, 방사홀수가 50개인 노즐을 사용하였고, 기격습식방사 방법을 통해 응고욕조에 토출시켜 지관에 권취하였다. 응고액의 종류는 물(H2O)만을 사용하였으며, 연신은 가하지 않았고, 권취된 사는 45℃ 건조기에서 충분히 건조시켰다. In addition, the cellulose / lignin blending solution was dissolved in a stirring flask under NMMO solvent for 2 hours according to the above ratio. And using a deaerator to remove the bubbles caused by stirring completely used as a spinning (dope). A nozzle having a diameter of 0.4 mm and a radial number of 50 was used, and was discharged to a coagulation bath by a wet-wetting spinning method and wound around a branch pipe. The type of coagulant was only water (H 2 O), no stretching was applied, and the wound yarn was sufficiently dried in a 45 ° C. dryer.

토출과정에서 순수 리그닌보다 디메틸포름아미드에 용해된 리그닌의 사절정도가 적은 점을 보아 방사성이 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었고, 이후 탄소섬유의 인장강도 테스트를 통해 강도도 향상되었음을 확인하였다.In the discharging process, the degree of trimming of lignin dissolved in dimethylformamide was less than that of pure lignin, indicating that the radioactivity was improved.

<< 실시예Example 3> 리그닌계  3> lignin system 탄소섬유Carbon fiber 제조 Produce

디메틸포름아미드에서 가장 높은 용해도를 나타낸 리그닌을 이용하여 탄소섬유를 제조하였다. Carbon fibers were prepared using lignin, which exhibited the highest solubility in dimethylformamide.

셀룰로오스/리그닌 블렌딩 섬유는 탄화되기 전에 열 안정화를 시켰다. 안정화는 산소 분위기 하에서 승온 1℃/mim의 속도로 250℃에서 30분간 진행하였다. The cellulose / lignin blended fibers were heat stabilized before carbonization. Stabilization was performed for 30 minutes at 250 degreeC by the temperature increase of 1 degree-C / mim in oxygen atmosphere.

이후 탄화는 승온 30℃/min의 속도로 1100℃에서 30분간 진행하여 리그닌계 탄소섬유를 제조하였다.Thereafter, carbonization proceeded at 1100 ° C. for 30 minutes at a rate of 30 ° C./min to produce lignin-based carbon fibers.

이상으로 본 발명 내용의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는 바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서, 이러한 구체적 기술은 단지 바람직한 실시양태일 뿐이며, 이에 의해 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백할 것이다. 따라서 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항들과 그것들의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다고 할 것이다.Having described the specific part of the present invention in detail, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that such a specific description is only a preferred embodiment, thereby not limiting the scope of the present invention. something to do. Thus, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

디메틸포름아미드(DMF)에 리그닌을 용해시키는 단계;
상기 용해된 리그닌을 여과한 후 건조시켜 디메틸포름아미드에 대한 용해도가 95 내지 98%인 리그닌 분말을 얻는 단계;
상기 리그닌 분말과 셀룰로오스, 폴리아크릴로나이트릴(Polyacrylonitrile),폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트(Polyethyleneterephthalate) 및 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드(Polyethylene oxide)로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 섬유형성 고분자를 4:6 내지 6:4 중량비로 수성 N-메틸모르폴린-N-옥사이드(NMMO)에 용해시켜 방사용액을 제조하는 단계;
상기 방사용액을 응고조에서 고화시키는 용액방사법으로 전구체 섬유를 제조하는 단계: 및
상기 전구체 섬유로 탄소섬유를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 디메틸포름아미드에 대한 용해도가 95 내지 98% 이며, 방사성이 향상된 리그닌을 전구체로 하는 탄소섬유 제조방법.
Dissolving lignin in dimethylformamide (DMF);
Filtering and drying the dissolved lignin to obtain a lignin powder having a solubility in dimethylformamide of 95 to 98%;
The lignin powder and cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene oxide are selected from the group consisting of 4: 6 to 6: 4 weight ratio of aqueous N- Dissolving in methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) to prepare a spinning solution;
Preparing a precursor fiber by a solution spinning method to solidify the spinning solution in a coagulation bath: And
Solubility in dimethylformamide comprising the step of forming the carbon fiber with the precursor fiber is 95 to 98%, carbon fiber manufacturing method using a lignin with improved radioactivity as a precursor.
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