KR102017493B1 - 열 전달 조성물 및 방법 - Google Patents
열 전달 조성물 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102017493B1 KR102017493B1 KR1020187024001A KR20187024001A KR102017493B1 KR 102017493 B1 KR102017493 B1 KR 102017493B1 KR 1020187024001 A KR1020187024001 A KR 1020187024001A KR 20187024001 A KR20187024001 A KR 20187024001A KR 102017493 B1 KR102017493 B1 KR 102017493B1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZVQOOHYFBIDMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [methyl(oxido){1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-lambda(6)-sulfanylidene]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CN=S(C)(=O)C(C)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)N=C1 ZVQOOHYFBIDMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-1-chloroprop-1-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\Cl OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C/C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC=CC(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\Cl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FCC(F)=C(F)F PGJHURKAWUJHLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=CCl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005068 cooling lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/104—Carboxylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
명칭 | GWP | 증발기 글라이드(℃) | 성능(%) | COP(%) |
R404A | 3922 | 0.5 | 100% | 100% |
A1 | 1331 | 3.3 | 105% | 108% |
A2 | 1568 | 4.7 | 107% | 108% |
A3 | 1494 | 4.2 | 106% | 108% |
A4 | 974 | 2.8 | 82% | 109% |
A5 | 975 | 4.2 | 68% | 110% |
A6 | 975 | 3.6 | 73% | 109% |
명칭 | 배출 압력(%) | 배출 온도 (℃) |
흡입 압력 (%) |
질량 흐름(mass flow)(%) | TXV 주입구에서 액체 밀도(%) | 과열(℃) |
R404A | 100% | 91.9 | 100% | 100% | 100.0% | 5.55 |
HDR-21 | 100% | 113.1 | 89% | 79% | 108.6% | 1.19 |
HDR-31 | 100% | 123.5 | 89% | 73% | 100.1% | 0.25 |
HDR-34 | 100% | 120.2 | 88% | 74% | 102.4% | 0.41 |
HDR-23 | 81% | 101.8 | 69% | 67% | 110.3% | -3.51 |
HDR-33 | 69% | 106.5 | 54% | 52% | 105.1% | -9.01 |
HDR-36 | 74% | 104.5 | 59% | 57% | 106.4% | -6.92 |
Claims (23)
- 열 전달 시스템으로부터 HFC-404A인 기존의 열 전달 유체의 적어도 일부를 제거하는 단계; 및
상기 시스템 내로,
조성물 내의 성분 (a)-(d)의 총량을 기준으로 한 중량%로,
(a) 10-30중량%의 HFC-32;
(b) 10-30중량%의 HFC-125;
(c) 20-50중량%의 HFO-1234yf; 및
(d) 15-35중량%의 HFC-134a
로 구성되며,
여기서 HFC-32:HFC-125의 중량비는 약 1:1이며,
그리고 여기서 상기 조성물은 1500 미만의 지구온난화 지수(GWP)를 갖는 열 전달 조성물을 도입함으로써, 상기 기존의 열 전달 유체의 적어도 일부를 대체하는 단계
를 포함하는, 열 전달 시스템에 함유된 기존의 열 전달 유체의 대체 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 HFC-32는 25중량%의 양으로 존재하며, 상기 HFC-125는 25중량%의 양으로 존재하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은 윤활제와 함께 제공되는, 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제는 폴리올 에스테르(POE) 또는 폴리알킬렌 글리콜(PAG)인, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은
조성물 내의 성분 (a)-(d)의 총량을 기준으로 한 중량%로,
(a) 25중량%의 HFC-32;
(b) 25중량%의 HFC-125;
(c) 20-30중량%의 HFO-1234yf; 및
(d) 20-30중량%의 HFC-134a
로 구성되는, 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은 윤활제와 함께 제공되는, 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제는 폴리올 에스테르(POE) 또는 폴리알킬렌 글리콜(PAG)인, 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 시스템은 저온 냉각 시스템인, 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,
상기 저온 냉각 시스템은 유체 연결된(in fluid communication) 압축기, 응축기 및 증발기를 함유하며, 여기서 상기 증발기는 -25℃ 내지 -35℃의 작동 온도를 가지며, 그리고 상기 응축기는 35℃ 내지 45℃의 작동 온도를 갖는, 방법.
- 저온 냉각 시스템에서 저온 냉각을 제공하는 방법으로서,
여기서 상기 시스템은 유체 연결된(in fluid communication) 압축기, 응축기 및 증발기를 포함하며, 그리고 여기서 상기 시스템은
조성물 내의 성분 (a)-(d)의 총량을 기준으로 한 중량%로,
(a) 10-30중량%의 HFC-32;
(b) 10-30중량%의 HFC-125;
(c) 20-50중량%의 HFO-1234yf; 및
(d) 15-35중량%의 HFC-134a
로 구성되는 조성물을 포함하며;
여기서 HFC-32:HFC-125의 중량비는 약 1:1이며;
그리고 여기서 상기 조성물은 1500 이하의 지구온난화 지수(GWP)를 갖는, 저온 냉각 시스템에서 저온 냉각을 제공하는 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,
상기 HFC-32는 25중량%의 양으로 존재하며, 그리고 상기 HFC-125는 25중량%의 양으로 존재하는, 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은 윤활제와 함께 제공되는, 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제는 폴리올 에스테르(POE) 또는 폴리알킬렌 글리콜(PAG)인, 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은
조성물 내의 성분 (a)-(d)의 총량을 기준으로 한 중량%로,
(a) 25중량%의 HFC-32;
(b) 25중량%의 HFC-125;
(c) 20-30중량%의 HFO-1234yf; 및
(d) 20-30중량%의 HFC-134a
로 구성되는, 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은 윤활제와 함께 제공되는, 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제는 폴리올 에스테르(POE) 또는 폴리알킬렌 글리콜(PAG)인, 방법.
- 제10항 내지 제16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 증발기는 -25℃ 내지 -35℃의 작동 온도를 가지며, 그리고 상기 응축기는 35℃ 내지 45℃의 작동 온도를 갖는, 방법.
- 열 전달 조성물로서, 조성물 내의 성분 (a)-(d)의 총량을 기준으로 한 중량%로,
(a) 25중량%의 HFC-32;
(b) 25중량%의 HFC-125;
(c) 20-30중량%의 HFO-1234yf; 및
(d) 20-30중량%의 HFC-134a
로 구성되며;
그리고 상기 조성물은 1500 이하의 지구온난화 지수(GWP)를 갖는, 열 전달 조성물.
- 제18항에 있어서,
상기 열 전달 조성물은 윤활제와 함께 제공되는, 열 전달 조성물.
- 제19항에 있어서,
상기 윤활제는 폴리올 에스테르(POE) 또는 폴리알킬렌 글리콜(PAG)인, 열 전달 조성물.
- 제18항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 조성물은 저온 냉각 시스템에 사용되는, 열 전달 조성물.
- 제21항에 있어서,
상기 저온 냉각 시스템은 유체 연결된(in fluid communication) 압축기, 응축기 및 증발기를 함유하며, 여기서 상기 증발기는 -25℃ 내지 -35℃의 작동 온도를 가지며, 그리고 상기 응축기는 35℃ 내지 45℃의 작동 온도를 갖는, 열 전달 조성물.
- 제18항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 조성물은 R-404A에 대한 대체물로서 사용되는, 열 전달 조성물.
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US61/176,773 | 2009-05-08 | ||
US12/511,954 US20120097885A9 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2009-07-29 | Compositions Containing Difluoromethane and Fluorine Substituted Olefins |
US12/511,954 | 2009-07-29 | ||
US24078609P | 2009-09-09 | 2009-09-09 | |
US61/240,786 | 2009-09-09 | ||
US24781609P | 2009-10-01 | 2009-10-01 | |
US61/247,816 | 2009-10-01 | ||
US32995510P | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | |
US61/329,955 | 2010-04-30 | ||
PCT/US2010/034120 WO2010129920A1 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-05-07 | Heat transfer compositions and methods |
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KR1020177019113A Division KR101894574B1 (ko) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-05-07 | 열 전달 조성물 및 방법 |
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KR1020177019113A Active KR101894574B1 (ko) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-05-07 | 열 전달 조성물 및 방법 |
KR1020117028710A Ceased KR20120025494A (ko) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-05-07 | 열 전달 조성물 및 방법 |
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KR1020117028710A Ceased KR20120025494A (ko) | 2009-05-08 | 2010-05-07 | 열 전달 조성물 및 방법 |
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US (2) | US20110219815A1 (ko) |
EP (4) | EP4019604A1 (ko) |
JP (4) | JP5663005B2 (ko) |
KR (3) | KR102017493B1 (ko) |
CN (2) | CN106905925A (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2010245671B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BRPI1011576A8 (ko) |
CA (2) | CA2761418C (ko) |
DK (2) | DK3026092T3 (ko) |
ES (2) | ES2559009T3 (ko) |
HU (2) | HUE060399T2 (ko) |
LT (1) | LT3026092T (ko) |
MX (2) | MX339549B (ko) |
PL (2) | PL3026092T3 (ko) |
PT (2) | PT2427527E (ko) |
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