KR101951249B1 - Apparatus for molding pellets - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pellet molding apparatus for manufacturing agriculture fertilizers or feeds, or combustion fuel as a pellet shape, the pellet molding apparatus comprising: a belt provided with a plurality of forming grooves formed on an outer peripheral surface, a driving unit for rotating the belt, and a plurality of press forming units provided along the belt to press a material supplied on the belt toward the forming grooves to form the pellets. The press forming unit has forming bosses for pressing the material disposed on the belt toward the forming grooves, and each forming boss of each press forming unit is provided with a groove. Shapes and sizes of the grooves of each press forming unit are closer to a cross-sectional shape of the pellet to be formed as it is close to the rear of the belt.

Description

[0001] Apparatus for molding pellets [

The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming pellets for producing agricultural pellets, feed, combustion fuels and the like.

The pellet molding is to produce pelletized combustion fuel, livestock feed, and agricultural fertilizer by press-molding the raw material provided as powder to a predetermined size. It is easier to handle than powdered raw material by providing it in pellet form, and can perform various additional functions such as controlling combustion time, controlling nutrient supply rate.

The pellet forming apparatus according to the prior art is a device that uses gravity of a roller that rotates like a millstone according to a method of pressing raw material powder and a device that cuts to an appropriate length while being extruded through a feed screw. As such conventional techniques, there are Korean Patent No. 10-1627995 and Korean Patent No. 10-1452911.

Such a conventional method is disadvantageous in that it is not suitable for mass production. In particular, even if the same raw material is supplied, the pressurizing conditions can not be set differently, and when the raw materials are different, there is a disadvantage in that pellets having the desired properties are not produced. That is, it has a disadvantage that it can not be used in various pellet molding due to poor adaptability to changes in raw materials and changes in manufacturing conditions.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1627995 (May 31, 2016) Korean Patent No. 10-1452911 (Oct. 14, 2014)

The present invention provides a pellet molding apparatus capable of molding a large amount of pellets and capable of varying the pressure for forming pellets, thereby molding pellets of intended quality from various raw materials.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a belt comprising: a belt having a plurality of concave forming grooves formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof; a driving unit for rotating the belt; and a plurality of rollers disposed along the belt, And a press forming unit pressing the mold toward the forming groove to form the mold into pellets, wherein the press forming unit includes a molding protrusion for pressing the raw material on the belt toward the molding groove, Wherein the concave grooves are formed in each of the molding protrusions and the recessed shape and size of the recessed grooves of each press molding unit are closer to the cross sectional shape of the pellet to be molded toward the rear of the belt, A molding device is presented.

Wherein the press forming unit includes a forming roller having the molding protrusion radially formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof and a roller driving unit for rotating the molding roller, wherein the molding protrusion is moved along the movement of the belt The rotation of the shaping roller can be synchronized.

Further, the press forming unit may include a lift controller for adjusting the height of the forming roller, so that the maximum falling height of the forming roller may be adjustable.

On the other hand, a bendable metal protective material may be detachably attached to the belt.

A lower portion of the belt may be provided with a support roller for preventing the belt from sagging in conformity with the press forming unit.

Further, at the end of the belt, there is provided a cutting unit that cuts the raw material molded into a rod form into a plurality of pellets in the forming groove, the cutting unit is arranged side by side in the width direction of the belt, A plurality of cutting blades having a plurality of cutter blades for cutting the raw material to be cut, and a cutter driving unit for rotating the cutting disks in accordance with the speed of the belt.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the productivity of the pellets is improved, and the raw materials having different physical properties can be manufactured using one molding apparatus. In addition, the degree of compression of the raw materials can be controlled, which enables production of various quality pellets.

The effects of the present invention will be clearly understood and understood by those skilled in the art, either through the specific details described below, or during the course of practicing the present invention.

1 is a front view of a pellet molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a main part according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Fig.
3 is a front view of a press-formed unit employed in the embodiment shown in Fig.
FIGS. 4 to 6 are views sequentially showing the use state of the press forming unit. FIG.
7 is a perspective view schematically showing a use state of a cutting unit employed in an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the structure, function, and operation of a pellet molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components throughout the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the technical spirit of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited by any of the details of the description to those skilled in the art from the standpoint of a person skilled in the art that any or all of the drawings shown in the drawings are not necessarily the shape,

Also, in some drawings, for the sake of understanding, the accumulation relation between the components is exaggerated and expressed. In particular, in Figs. 4 to 6, the relationship between the belt and the forming roller is expressed by exaggerating the constituent elements such as the forming groove, the molding protrusion, and the like to facilitate understanding.

1 and 2 show a schematic configuration of a pellet molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A pellet forming apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a belt 10, a driving unit 20 for conveying the belt 10, and a plurality of press forming units 30 arranged side by side along the conveying direction of the belt 10 ).

A plurality of concave forming grooves 11 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the belt 10. The forming groove 11 is elongated in the width direction of the belt 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the belt 10 has the shape of a wavy pattern formed by the forming groove 11.

In the embodiment, the belt 10 has grooves formed on both the outer and inner circumferential surfaces, but in other embodiments, grooves (molding grooves) may be formed only on the upper surface of the belt.

The belt in which grooves are formed on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the belt 10 may be a commercially available double-sided type timing belt. When the double-sided timing belt is employed, the timing belt pulley is provided on the inner circumferential surface so that the moving speed of the belt can be accurately controlled.

However, even if a double-sided timing belt and a timing belt pulley are not used, the belt can be configured to precisely control the conveying speed of the belt in various known ways, such as securing the belt to the chain and driving the chain with a sprocket have.

The bottom of the forming groove 11 is formed as a spherical surface, and is hemispherical when viewed from the front. The bottom shape of the forming groove 11 is such that the pellet W is formed into a circular section as shown in Fig. 6 (c).

Alternatively, when the cross section of the pellet is to be formed into a polygonal shape, the bottom shape of the molding groove can be changed correspondingly.

Referring again to FIG. 3, a metal auxiliary member 12 capable of bending is detachably attached to the outer circumferential surface of the belt 10.

The metal auxiliary member 12 may be formed by bending a thin metal plate according to the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the belt. For example, the material of the metal auxiliary member 12 may be stainless steel, and the metal auxiliary member 12 may be warped smoothly due to the thin thickness and the wrinkle shape depending on the outer peripheral surface shape of the belt 10. Therefore, it can be bent along with the belt in the padded state on the outer circumferential surface of the belt 10 to pass through the deflected movement path.

The metal protective material is releasably secured to both ends of the belt by bolts and nuts (not shown), or otherwise releasably secured to the belt in various known ways.

The metal auxiliary member 12 prevents the belt from being damaged due to contact with the molding protrusion 321 or contact with the cutter blade 411 of the cutting unit 40, which will be described later. These metal auxiliary materials 12 are replaced after producing a certain amount of pellets.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, such a belt 10 is supported on the pulleys 21 to form an endless track. In FIG. 1, the upper portion of the belt 10 is moved from left to right on the substantially horizontal plane of the drawing. In the lower portion of the belt 10, there are provided various known cleaning units 50 such as a brush for blowing off the raw material remaining on the outer circumferential surface of the belt, a nozzle for spraying the washing water, and a vibrating unit for applying a shock to the belt, do.

On the left side of the upper portion of the belt 10, a hopper unit 60 for feeding the raw material is provided. The hopper unit 60 feeds a suitably mixed raw material of various materials onto the belt in a predetermined amount of time.

On the other hand, a cutting unit 40 is provided at the rear of the belt 10 to cut the raw material molded into a long bar shape into pellets W of short length. The cutting unit 40 will be described later.

A plurality of press forming units 30 are provided along the longitudinal direction of the upper portion of the belt 10. [ The main purpose of the press forming unit 30 is to press the raw material supplied on the belt 10 toward each of the forming grooves 11 to firmly gather the raw materials.

After the raw materials W have been gathered in the form of rods, they are cut through the cutting unit 40 to be pellets W (See FIG. 6).

2 and 3 relate to the configuration of the press-forming unit.

The press forming unit 30 includes a housing 31 fixed to the main body of the pellet molding apparatus, a forming roller 32 having a plurality of molding projections 321 radially provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof, (33), a raising and lowering control part (34) for raising and lowering the both ends of the forming roller (32) while gripping both ends of the forming roller (32), and a supporting roller (35) for supporting the inner peripheral surface of the belt.

Although not specifically shown, the raising and lowering control portion 34 or the support roller 35 may be omitted in the above configurations. The support roller 35 may be fixed to the body of the pellet molding apparatus without being mounted on the housing of the pressure forming unit.

The shaping roller 32 is provided in a length corresponding to the width of the belt and on its outer circumference is formed radially shaping protrusions 321 for pressing the raw material toward the forming groove 11 provided in the belt 10. [ When the cross section of the molding protrusion 321 is viewed, a concave groove 322 recessed at the end portion is formed.

The thickness of the molding protrusion 321 and the recess depth of the concave groove 322 are different for each pressure forming unit.

The shape and size of the concave groove 322 of each pressure forming unit 30 become closer to the cross sectional shape of the pellet to be molded toward the rear of the belt. 5 to 6 (a), 6 (b), and 6 (c), the concave groove 322 is initially a non-circular shape and has a larger shape than the cross section of the desired pellet, It can be seen that the shape changes to a small semicircular shape corresponding to the circular cross section.

Unlike the illustration, if the final shape of the pellet is octagonal, the shape of the concave groove gradually takes the form of an octagonal depressed shape.

The depth at which the molding protrusion 321 fits into the concave groove 322 on the belt 10 becomes gradually deeper toward the rear of the belt 10. [ To this end, the width of the forming protrusion 321 (the length of the forming projection in the lateral direction in Figs. 5 to 6) provided in each press forming unit 30 becomes gradually narrower toward the rear of the belt. As the molding protrusion 321 enters the bottom of the molding groove 11, the raw material is further compressed.

2 to 3, the roller driving unit 33 rotates the belt 10 so that each of the molding protrusions 321 provided on the forming roller 32 is sequentially aligned with the molding groove 11 of the belt 10, And rotates the shaping roller 32 while synchronizing the movement of the shaping roller 32 and the rotation of the shaping roller 32.

The rotation control of the roller driving part 33 may be performed through a drive part of the belt and a known tuning control method. Alternatively, although not shown, one drive motor may be used and the driving of the belt and the forming roller may be synchronized through the combination of the gears.

The lifting and lowering control portion 34 adjusts the height of the forming roller 32 to adjust the maximum falling height of the forming roller 32. [

The lifting and lowering control unit 34 includes a shaft holding bracket 341 that rotatably holds both ends of the shaft of the shaping roller 32 and is movable up and down with respect to the housing 31 and an actuator for moving the shaft holding bracket 341 up and down (342).

A guide 341a is provided on the right and left sides of the shaft holding bracket 341 and a housing groove 311 in which a sliding groove 312 for holding the guide 341a is formed is recessed in both side walls is formed in the housing 31 have. The guide slides up and down in the sliding groove 312 and the shaft holding bracket 341 and the forming roller 32 are lifted or lowered in the receiving groove 311.

The actuator 342 is fixed to the housing 31 and the rod is coupled to the shaft holding bracket 341 so that the shaft holding bracket 341 and the forming roller 32 move up and down according to the elongation and contraction of the rod.

Unlike the drawing, the lifting unit can be replaced with various configurations for raising or lowering the forming roller.

The lifting and lowering control portion 34 enables to control how much the molding protrusion 321 enters into the molding groove of the belt 10. The space formed by the molding protrusion 321 entering into the molding groove 11 becomes gradually smaller toward the rear of the belt 10, which means that the compression of the raw material is further increased.

The size of the space can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the shaping roller 32 through the lifting and lowering control part 34 so that the degree of compression of the raw material can be controlled.

The lifting and controlling part 34 allows the pellets to be molded at different pressures depending on the physical properties of the raw material or the place where the final pellets are used. For example, when it is necessary to compress the raw material at a high pressure, the shaping roller 32 is lowered through the lifting and lowering control part 34. When a low pressure is required, the shaping roller 32 is lifted through the lifting / .

The operation of the lifting and controlling unit 34 allows different degrees of compression to be required for each raw material. It also makes it possible to produce pellets with different degrees of compression even when using the same raw materials. For example, when fertilizer is produced, it is possible to control the period of application of the fertilizer by adjusting the timing of release of the pellet depending on the degree of pressure.

On the other hand, the support roller 35 supports the lower portion of the belt 10 in accordance with the position at which the molding protrusion 321 presses the raw material in the molding groove 11, thereby preventing the belt 10 from sagging at the corresponding portion. The support rollers 35 may be formed in the form of teeth to match the type of the belt 10, or the teeth may be omitted. Since the shaping protrusion enters the forming groove in the state where the belt is supported by the support roller 35, the raw material can be pressed to an intended level of pressure.

Figures 1 and 7 relate to a cutting unit.

7 shows a metal auxiliary member 12 at a position where the belt is bent downward by a pulley at the rear end of the belt. The raw material W compressed in a bar shape is fed into the forming groove of the metal auxiliary member 12. The belt is omitted here.

The cutting unit 40 cuts the rod-shaped raw material W in the forming groove at the end of the belt 10 into a plurality of pellets W.

Specifically, the cutting unit 40 includes a plurality of cutting discs 41 arranged so as to be spaced apart in the width direction of the belt, and a cutter driving unit (not shown) for rotating the cutting discs 41 in accordance with the speed of the belt .

On the outer circumferential surface of each cutting disk 41, a plurality of cutter blades 411 that enter the forming grooves and cut off the aggregated raw material are provided radially. As the rotation of the cutting disc 41 is synchronized with the movement of the belt 10, the cutter blade 411 enters each forming groove to cut the bar stock. At this time, the lengths of the pellets may be different according to the intervals of the cutting discs 41 being different.

The operation of the pellet molding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 4 to 6. Fig.

The raw material dropped onto the belt through the hopper unit 60 is flattened through the pressure roller R as shown in Fig. The three press forming units 30 on the left side in Fig. 1 are provided with the pressure roller R of Fig. 4 instead of the forming roller 32. Fig.

The pressurizing roller of the first press forming unit 30 constantly adjusts the height of the uneven raw material W discharged from the hopper unit 60 and accumulated.

The pressurizing rollers of the second and third press forming units 30 allow the raw material W to be stretched in line with the width of the belt 10, while further tightening the raw material on the belt.

A part of the raw material pushed out of the width of the belt 10 is gathered to one side via a slanting rod 70 located at the lower part of the belt and the discharged raw material is collected through a separate conveyor belt 80. The collected raw materials can be supplied to the hopper unit again.

The height h of the pressure roller R in the first to third press forming units 30 can be configured to be gradually lowered. The arrangement of the pressure rollers R is to further flatten the raw material W on the belt 10 while compressing it.

Although not shown, the number of the pressure forming units provided with the pressurizing rollers may be varied by one or more.

Fig. 5 relates to a press forming unit 30 positioned fourth from the left. The molding protrusions 321 of the first shaping roller 32 are passed over the flattened raw material W and the continuous raw material is divided so that the raw material is collected for each forming groove 11. [

Figures 6 (a) - (c) relate to the fifth and subsequent press forming units. Fig. 6 (a) relates to the press forming unit 30 located fifth from the left in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 (b) relates to the ninth pressure forming unit 30, Forming unit 30 of the room.

6 (a) to (c), the shape and size of the concave grooves 322 of the molding protrusions 321 gradually become the cross-sectional shape of the pellet intended for the final product (precisely, the concave shape corresponding to the upper portion of the final pellet) . 6 (a) to (c), the concave groove 322 becomes semi-circular, and its size (diameter) gradually decreases. Also, the depth at which the molding protrusion 321 enters the molding groove gradually becomes deeper.

The raw material W carried on the belt 10 is gradually compressed into a circular shape as it is gathered at the bottom of the forming groove 11 and is formed into a substantially long rod after passing through the last press forming unit 30 .

Thereafter, the raw material is cut to a proper length in the cutting unit 40, and the pellet is molded and discharged. The discharged pellets W are lowered in water content through a drying device (not shown).

For reference, the illustration of the molding protrusions and recessed grooves of some of the pressure forming units is omitted, but the shapes of the molding protrusions and the recessed grooves (not shown) take an intermediate shape between the molding protrusions and the recessed grooves shown in Fig. 6 . That is, the shapes of the molding protrusions and the concave grooves provided in the respective pressure-molding units are gradually deformed from the shape shown in Fig. 5 to the shape shown in Fig. 6C.

The pellet molding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention enables continuous molding of pellets. The pellets can be produced at a high speed as the raw material is pressed by a small number of times. Such continuous processing and rapid processing enable the productivity to be greatly improved.

The pressurizing conditions can be changed by the operation of the lifting and lowering unit, so that general use for various raw materials is possible. It is also possible to manufacture pellets having a wide compressible range and different compression ratios.

100: Molding device
10: Belt 11: Molding groove 12: Metal protection material
20: driving part 21: pulley
30: Press forming unit
31: housing 311: receiving groove 312: sliding groove
32: forming roller 321: molding protrusion 322: concave groove 33: roller driving part
34:
341: shaft holding bracket 341a: guide 342: actuator
35: Support roller
R: Pressure roller h: Height
40: cutting unit 41: cutting disc 411: cutter blade
50: cleaning unit 60: hopper unit 70: conveyor belt 80: conveyor belt
W: raw material, pellet

Claims (6)

A belt having a plurality of concave molding grooves formed on an outer peripheral surface thereof;
A driving unit for rotating the belt; And
And a press forming unit having a plurality of rollers disposed along the belt and pressing the raw material supplied on the belt toward the forming groove to form the raw material into pellets,

Wherein the press forming unit has a molding protrusion for pressing the raw material on the belt toward the molding groove,
Wherein each of the molding protrusions provided in each press-molding unit has a concave groove formed therein,
Characterized in that the depressed shape and size of the concave groove of each pressure forming unit are closer to the cross sectional shape of the pellet to be molded toward the rear of the belt
Pellet molding apparatus.
The method of claim 1,
The press forming unit
A molding roller having the molding protrusion radially formed on an outer circumferential surface thereof,
And a roller driver for rotating the forming roller,
And the movement of the belt and the rotation of the shaping roller are synchronized so that the shaping projection is aligned with the shaping recess of the belt
Pellet molding apparatus.
3. The method of claim 2,
The press forming unit
And a raising and lowering controller for adjusting the height of the forming roller so that the maximum falling height of the forming roller can be adjusted.
Pellet molding apparatus.
The method of claim 1,
Characterized in that a bendable metal protective material is removably padded on the belt
Pellet molding apparatus.
The method of claim 1,
And a support roller for preventing sagging of the belt in accordance with the press forming unit is provided at a lower portion of the belt
Pellet molding apparatus.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein a cutting unit is provided at the end of the belt for cutting the raw material molded into a bar shape into a plurality of pellets in the forming groove,
The cutting unit
A plurality of cutter blades arranged in the width direction of the belt and having a plurality of cutter blades on an outer circumferential surface of the cutter blade to cut into the molding material,
And a cutter driving unit for rotating the cutting disks in accordance with the speed of the belt
Pellet molding apparatus.

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