KR101813753B1 - Liquid crystal display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal panel, a first polarizer formed on one side of the liquid crystal panel, a second polarizer formed on the other side of the liquid crystal panel, a prism sheet formed below the first polarizer, and a light guide plate formed below the prism sheet, Wherein at least one prism is formed on a surface of the prism sheet facing the light guide plate, the second polarizer includes an optical film formed on the polarizer and the polarizer, and the optical film has a high refractive index pattern layer And a low refractive index pattern layer formed with a filling pattern filling at least a part of the engraved pattern, wherein the high refractive index pattern layer has a refractive index higher than that of the low refractive index pattern layer, A liquid crystal display panel arranged to be incident on the low refractive index pattern layer and to exit to the high refractive index pattern layer Is provided.

Description

[0001] LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS [0002]

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.

A liquid crystal display device is operated by emitting light from a backlight unit through a liquid crystal panel. Since the viewer generally watches the liquid crystal display device from the front, the color of the screen of the liquid crystal display device such as the contrast ratio on the front surface should be good. However, the aspect of the screen of the liquid crystal display device must also have good color, contrast, and / or viewing angle. In order to increase the color, contrast ratio and / or viewing angle as well as the front face, modification of the liquid crystal panel or the liquid crystal structure has been attempted.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, an inverted prism sheet having a prism on a light incident surface has been used for a liquid crystal display device. The reverse prism sheet can increase the luminance by condensing light, but it is possible to narrow the viewing angle on the side surface.

The background art of the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-251659.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet having a prism formed on a light incident surface and having improved contrast ratio between a front surface and a side surface.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet having a prism formed on a light incident surface and having an improved side viewing angle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet having a prism formed on a light incident surface and having high brightness.

The liquid crystal display of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal panel, a first polarizer formed on one surface of the liquid crystal panel, a second polarizer formed on the other surface of the liquid crystal panel, a prism sheet formed below the first polarizer, Wherein at least one prism is formed on a surface of the prism sheet opposite to the light guide plate and the second polarizer includes an optical film formed on the polarizer and the polarizer, And a low refractive index pattern layer in which a filling pattern filling at least a part of the engraved pattern is formed, wherein the high refractive index pattern layer has a refractive index higher than that of the low refractive index pattern layer, The light emitted from the prism sheet is incident on the low refractive index pattern layer and is emitted to the high refractive index pattern layer That can be placed.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet having a prism formed on a light incident surface and having an improved contrast ratio between a front surface and a side surface.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet having a prism formed on a light incident surface and having an improved side viewing angle.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a prism sheet on which a prism is formed on a light incident surface, and has high brightness.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the prism sheet of Fig. 1 in the x-axis direction.
3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the second polarizer plate in Fig. 1 in the x-axis direction.
4 is an exploded perspective view of the optical film of FIG.
5 is a conceptual diagram of the light exit angle of the light guide plate of FIG.
6 is a perspective view of the light guide plate of FIG.
7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second polarizer of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second polarizer of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second polarizer of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second polarizer of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

The terms "upper" and "lower" in this specification are defined with reference to the drawings, wherein "upper" may be changed to "lower", "lower" Referred to as " on, "as used herein, may encompass not only directly but also intervening structures that are intervening in the middle. Whereas, what is referred to as " directly on" . ≪ / RTI >

In this specification, the terms "horizontal direction" and "vertical direction" mean the long axis direction and the short axis direction, respectively, of the liquid crystal display screen, and the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are orthogonal.

In the present specification, the term "side" refers to the front side (0 DEG, 0 DEG), the left end point (180 DEG, 90 DEG) And the right end point is defined as (0 deg., 90 deg.).

As used herein, the term "aspect ratio" means the ratio of the maximum height to the maximum width of the optical structure (maximum height / maximum width).

In the present specification, "radius of curvature" refers to a radius of an imaginary circle having a curved surface as a part in an optical pattern whose top is a curved surface, or an imaginary circle having a curved surface which is in contact with another inclined surface in contact with the prism, It means radius.

In the present specification, the term "period" means the sum of the width of one engraving pattern and the width of one flat portion of the optical film.

In the present specification, "retardation in the retardation direction (Re)" is expressed by the following formula A and "retardation in thickness direction (Rth)

<Formula A>

Re = (nx - ny) xd

<Formula B>

Rth = ((nx + ny) / 2 - nz) xd

(Where nx, ny and nz are refractive indexes in the slow axis direction, the fast axis direction and the thickness direction of the optical element at a wavelength of 550 nm, and d is the thickness (unit: nm) of the optical element) .

As used herein, "(meth) acrylic" means acrylic and / or methacrylic.

As used herein, the term "top part " refers to the uppermost part of the structure when the lowest part of the structure is assumed to be the basis.

In the drawings of the present specification, the x-axis is the light exit direction from the light source, and the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are orthogonal to each other.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the prism sheet of Fig. 1 in the x-axis direction. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the second polarizer plate in Fig. 1 in the x-axis direction. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the optical film of the second polarizing plate of FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of an emission angle of the light guide plate of FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the light guide plate of FIG.

1, a liquid crystal display 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a prism sheet 10, a first polarizer 20, a liquid crystal panel 30, a second polarizer 40, a light guide plate 50 ), A light source (60), and a reflective sheet (70).

The prism sheet 10 is positioned on the light guide plate 50 and can condense the light incident from the light exit surface of the light guide plate 50 and emit the light. The prism sheet 10 includes a first light incident surface opposed to the light guide plate 50 and a first light exit surface opposed to the first light incident surface, and one or more prisms are formed on the first light incident surface have.

Hereinafter, referring to Fig. 2, a prism sheet according to this embodiment will be described.

Referring to FIG. 2, the prism sheet 10 according to the present embodiment may include a base film 101 and a prism portion 103. The upper portion of the base film 101 becomes the first light exit surface, and the prism portion 103 forms the first light entrance surface. Since the prism portion is formed on the first light incident surface, the light collecting and diffusing efficiency can be enhanced even if an edge type light source is included as shown in FIG.

The base film 101 supports the prism sheet 10 and is not limited in thickness, but may be 50 탆 to 250 탆, specifically 100 탆 to 200 탆. In the above range, it can be used in a liquid crystal display device. The base film 101 may be formed of a transparent thermoplastic resin or a composition containing the transparent thermoplastic resin as a transparent material. Specifically, the thermoplastic resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyester resin including a polyethylene terephthalate resin and a polyethylene naphthalate resin, a polyacetal resin, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a styrene resin, a vinyl resin, a polyphenylene ether resin , Non-cyclic polyolefin resins including polyethylene and polypropylene, cycloolefin resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resins, polyaryl sulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, Resin, and (meth) acrylic resin.

The prism portion 103 is formed on the light guide plate 50 and on the lower surface of the base film 101 and is opposed to the light guide plate 50 so that the light incident from the second light exit surface of the light guide plate 50 1 light exit surface. The upper surface of the prism portion 103 is a flat surface and is joined to the lower surface of the base film 101. The lower surface of the prism portion 103 may be a surface on which at least one prism 102 is arranged as a first light incident surface.

The prism portion 103 may include one or more prisms 102 and a valley portion 104 between the prisms 102.

The prism 102 faces the light guide plate 50 and can condense the light incident from the light guide plate 50 and emit the light. The light emitted from the prism 102 is diffused through the second polarizing plate 40, thereby improving the contrast ratio and viewing angle at the side surface of the liquid crystal display device and increasing the contrast ratio at the front side.

The prism 102 may be an optical pattern whose cross section is triangular. Fig. 2 illustrates an optical pattern having a triangular section, but is not limited thereto. The cross section of the prism may be a prism having a polygon of 4 to 10 sides. 2 also shows an optical pattern having a sharp top, but may also include an optical pattern having a curved surface formed at its top.

The prism 102 may be composed of two prism surfaces 102a and 102b. The prism surfaces 102a and 102b are optically flat surfaces, and at least one of the prism surfaces 102a and 102b may be inclined with respect to a direction (L1 in Fig. 2) perpendicular to the first light exit surface. Specifically, the inclination angle [theta] 1 formed by the prism surface 102a and the direction L1 perpendicular to the first light exit surface may be 53 [deg.] To 60 [deg.], Specifically 55 [deg.] To 58 [deg.]. In the above-described range, the light can be more focused in the front direction (the z-axis direction in Fig. 1) of the liquid crystal display device, and the front contrast ratio can be increased.

The prism 102 may have an aspect ratio of 0.65 to 0.85, specifically 0.7 to 0.8. In the above-described range, the light can be more focused in the front direction (the z-axis direction in Fig. 1) of the liquid crystal display device, and the front contrast ratio can be increased.

The prism 102 may have a width P1 of 7 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉, specifically 10 占 퐉 to 20 占 퐉. The height H1 of the prism 102 may be 4 占 퐉 to 25 占 퐉, specifically, 7 占 퐉 to 16 占 퐉. The prism 102 may have a vertex angle? 2 of 63 to 70 degrees, specifically, 65 to 68 degrees. In the range of the width, height, and apex angle, light can be more focused in the front direction (z-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the liquid crystal display device, thereby increasing the front contrast ratio.

The prism 102 may be formed of the same or a different kind of material for the base film 101, or may be formed of a composition including an ultraviolet curable unsaturated compound, an initiator, and the like. As an example, the ultraviolet curable unsaturated compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of epoxy (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, phenylphenol ethoxylated (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethoxylated (Meth) acrylate, phenoxybenzyl (meth) acrylate, phenylphenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated thiodiphenyl di But are not necessarily limited thereto. The initiator may be a photopolymerization initiator, such as a ketone-based, phosphine oxide-based, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

The prism 102 can be arranged in the same direction as the light exit direction from the light source 60. [

The valley portion 104 may have a vertex angle [theta] 3 of 63 DEG to 70 DEG, specifically, 65 DEG to 68 DEG. In the above range, by determining the range of the apex angle [theta] 3, light can be more focused in the front direction (z-axis direction in FIG. 1) of the liquid crystal display device, thereby increasing the front contrast ratio.

Hereinafter, the first polarizing plate 20 will be described.

The first polarizing plate 20 is formed on the upper portion of the prism sheet 10 and the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel 30 and can polarize the light incident from the prism sheet 10.

The first polarizing plate 20 may include a first polarizer and a first protective layer.

The first polarizer is to polarize the incident light and may comprise conventional polarizers known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, the first polarizer may include a polyvinyl alcohol polarizer produced by uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film, or a polyene polarizer produced by dehydrating a polyvinyl alcohol film. The thickness of the first polarizer may be 1 占 퐉 to 60 占 퐉, specifically, 2 占 퐉 to 50 占 퐉, more specifically, 2 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉. In the above range, it can be used in a liquid crystal display device.

A first protective layer may be formed on the first polarizer to protect the polarizer. The first protective layer may be an isotropic optical film. The "isotropic optical film" means a film in which nx, ny, and nz are substantially the same, and the "substantially the same" includes not only completely identical cases but also cases including some errors. Specifically, the first protective layer may have a retardation (Re) in the plane direction of 5 nm or less, specifically 0.1 nm to 5 nm. The thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the first protective layer may be 5 nm or less, specifically 0.1 nm to 5 nm. The contrast ratio in the normal direction and the oblique direction with respect to the liquid crystal panel can be increased in the Re and Rth ranges.

Although not shown in Fig. 1, the first polarizing plate 20 can be adhered to the liquid crystal panel 30 by an adhesive layer. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be formed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive resin, a crosslinking agent, and optionally a silane coupling agent. The adhesive layer may further enhance the light diffusion effect by further including a light diffusing agent. The light diffusing agent may comprise conventional light diffusers known to those skilled in the art.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal panel 30 will be described.

The liquid crystal panel 30 is formed between the first polarizing plate 20 and the second polarizing plate 40 and can transmit the light incident from the first polarizing plate 20 to the second polarizing plate 40.

The liquid crystal panel 30 includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer that is a display medium fixed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate is equipped with a color filter and a black matrix. The second substrate includes a switching element for controlling electro-optical characteristics of the liquid crystal, a switching element for providing a source signal, and a scanning line for providing a gate signal to the signal line, a pixel electrode, and a counter electrode. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal that is uniformly oriented when the electric field is not visible. Specifically, the liquid crystal panel 30 may employ a VA (vertical alignment) mode, a PVA (patterned vertical alignment) mode, or an S-PVA (super-patterned vertical alignment) mode.

Hereinafter, the second polarizing plate 40 will be described.

The second polarizing plate 40 is formed on the liquid crystal panel 30 and can polarize and diffuse condensed light incident from the prism sheet 10 and the liquid crystal panel 30. As a result, the second polarizing plate 40 can improve the contrast ratio at the side and front and improve the viewing angle at the side.

Hereinafter, a second polarizing plate according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, the second polarizer 40 according to the present embodiment may include a second polarizer 401, an optical film 402, and a second protective layer 403.

The second polarizer 401, which is formed on the liquid crystal panel 30, can polarize condensed light incident from the liquid crystal panel 30. The second polarizer 401 may comprise a conventional polarizer known to those skilled in the art. The second polarizer 401 may include the same or different polarizers as the first polarizer.

The thickness of the second polarizer 401 may be the same as or different from that of the first polarizer. Specifically, the thickness of the second polarizer 401 may be 1 占 퐉 to 60 占 퐉, specifically, 2 占 퐉 to 50 占 퐉, more specifically, 2 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉. In the above range, it can be used in a liquid crystal display device.

The optical film 402 is formed on the second polarizer 401 and is formed directly on the second protective layer 403 so that light incident from the second polarizer 401 can be diffused. The optical film 402 may be formed directly in contact with the second protective layer 403. [ As a result, it is possible to increase the contrast ratio on the side surface and improve the viewing angle on the side surface.

The thickness of the optical film 402 may be 40 占 퐉 or less, specifically 3 占 퐉 to 40 占 퐉, more specifically 5 占 퐉 to 30 占 퐉. In the above range, it can be used in a liquid crystal display device, is advantageous for thinning, and can improve viewing angle and visibility when used with a prism sheet without affecting other optical characteristics.

The ratio of the thickness of the second protective layer 403 to the thickness of the optical film 402 (thickness of the second protective layer / thickness of the optical film) is 2 or less, specifically 0.02 to 0.75, more specifically 0.1 to 0.4 . Within the above range, it is possible to prevent the loss of reliability of the second polarizer plate due to moisture permeation, and to improve the curling and peeling.

The optical film 402 may include a low refractive index pattern layer 404 and a high refractive index pattern layer 405. The optical film 402 may be disposed in the liquid crystal display device 100 such that light emitted from the prism sheet 10 is incident on the low refractive index pattern layer 404 and then emitted to the high refractive index pattern layer 405. [ As a result, the diffusing effect of light condensation can be enhanced, and the effect of improving the side contrast ratio and viewing angle can be increased.

Hereinafter, the optical film 40 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 and 4, the optical film 40 according to the present embodiment includes a high refractive index pattern layer 405 in which at least one engraved pattern 410 is formed, and a high refractive index pattern layer 405 in which at least a portion of the engraved pattern 410 is filled And a low refractive index pattern layer 404 including a pattern 408.

The high refractive index pattern layer 405 is formed in contact with the low refractive index pattern layer 404 and the second protection layer 403 directly on the low refractive index pattern layer 404 and under the second protective layer 403, The light diffused by the flat portion 409 of the light reaching the low refractive index pattern layer 404 is prevented from being reflected by the filling pattern 408, thereby increasing the diffusion effect of condensation.

The refractive index of the high refractive index pattern layer 405 may be 1.50 or more, specifically 1.50 to 1.60. Within this range, the light diffusion effect is excellent. The high refractive index pattern layer 405 may be formed of an ultraviolet curable composition containing at least one of (meth) acrylic, polycarbonate, silicone, and epoxy resin, but is not limited thereto.

The refractive index difference between the high refractive index pattern layer 405 and the low refractive index pattern layer 404 may be 0.30 or less, specifically 0.20 or less, more specifically 0.15 or less, more specifically 0.10 to 0.15. In the above range, the diffusing effect of light condensation in use with the prism sheet 10 can be large.

4, a first surface 407 is formed on the high refractive index pattern layer 405 and at least one engraved pattern 410 and a flat portion 409 are formed on the first surface 407 Can be. 4 shows an optical film in which one engraved pattern 410 and one flat portion 409 are alternately formed. However, the formation order of each of the engraved pattern 410 and the flat portion 409 is not particularly limited. The engraved pattern 410 may be a lenticular lens pattern including a curved surface. The curved surface serves as a lens, and the light incident from the second polarizer 401 can be diffused by refracting in various directions depending on the arrival position. 4 shows an optical film 402 whose curved surface is an aspherical surface. However, the curved surface may be spherical, parabolic, ellipsoidal, hyperbolic, or amorphous. 4 illustrates an optical film in which the engraved pattern 410 is a lenticular lens pattern, but the engraved pattern 410 may be a prism pattern having a curved surface at a top portion and a triangular-to-octagonal cross-section. Further, Fig. 4 shows an optical film having a smooth curved surface. However, the curved surface may be further formed with irregularities to further increase the diffusion effect.

The engraved pattern 410 may have an aspect ratio of 1.0 or less, specifically 0.4 to 1.0, more specifically 0.7 to 1.0. In the above range, the contrast ratio at the side with the prism sheet 10 can be increased and the viewing angle at the side can be improved. The sum of the widths of the engraved patterns 410 may be 40% to 60%, specifically 45% to 55% of the entire width of the high refractive index pattern layer 405. In the above range, the contrast ratio at the side with the prism sheet 10 can be increased and the viewing angle at the side can be improved.

Referring to FIG. 3, the maximum width P2 of the engraved pattern 410 may be 10 占 퐉 or less, specifically 5 占 퐉 to 10 占 퐉. The maximum height H2 of the engraved pattern 410 may be 10 占 퐉 or less, specifically 5 占 퐉 to 10 占 퐉. In the range of width and height, there may be diffusion effect. Since the engraved patterns 410 are arranged at predetermined intervals, the effect of diffusing the condensed light can be large. Specifically, the period C of the engraved pattern 410 may be 20 占 퐉 or less, specifically 10 占 퐉 to 20 占 퐉. In the above range, the light converging and diffusing effect may be large.

3 and 4, the flat portion 409 is formed between the engraved pattern 410 and the engraved pattern 410 so that light reaching the flat portion 409 is totally reflected by the engraved pattern 410, The condensed light can be diffused. The ratio P2 / P3 of the width P2 of the engraved pattern 410 to the width P3 of the flat portion 409 may be 1 or less, specifically 0.5 to 1.0. In the above range, the condensing and diffusing effect may be large when used with the prism sheet 10. The width P3 of the flat portion 409 may be 10 占 퐉 or less, specifically 5 占 퐉 to 10 占 퐉. Within this range, diffusion effects may be present.

The high refractive index pattern layer 405 can include a light diffusing agent to enhance the light diffusion effect. The light diffusing agent may include at least one of an organic light-diffusing agent and an inorganic light-diffusing agent. As the light diffusing agent, those conventionally known to those skilled in the art can be used.

The low refractive index pattern layer 404 is formed on the second polarizer 401 and refracts the polarized light incident in one direction from the second polarizer 401 through the prism sheet 10 in various directions according to the incident position, Thereby diffusing light.

The low refractive index pattern layer 404 may have a refractive index of less than 1.50, specifically 1.35 to 1.49. In the above range, the light diffusion effect is large and the production can be facilitated. The low refractive index pattern layer 404 may be formed of a composition including a transparent resin that is ultraviolet curable. Specifically, the resin may include at least one of (meth) acrylic, polycarbonate, silicone, and epoxy resin, but is not limited thereto. The composition may further comprise conventional initiators for forming the low refractive index pattern layer 404. The low refractive index pattern layer 404 includes a second surface 406 facing the first surface 407 of the high refractive index pattern layer 405 and may include one or more fill patterns 408. The fill pattern 408 may fill at least a portion of the engraved pattern 410 of the high refractive index pattern layer 405. The "filling at least a part" includes both cases where the engraving pattern 410 is completely filled or partially filled. When the filling pattern partially fills the engraved pattern, the remaining portion may be filled with air or a resin having a predetermined refractive index. Specifically, the resin may have a refractive index equal to or larger than that of the low refractive index pattern layer and the same or smaller than that of the high refractive index pattern layer. 4 shows an optical film in which the filling pattern 408 and the engraved pattern 410 are formed in an elongated form of a stripe shape, but the filling pattern 408 and the engraved pattern 410 are formed in a dot form As shown in FIG. The "dot" means that the combination of the filling pattern and the engraved pattern is dispersed.

The low refractive index pattern layer 404 may include a light diffusing agent to increase the light diffusion effect. The light diffusing agent may include at least one of an organic light-diffusing agent and an inorganic light-diffusing agent. As the light diffusing agent, those conventionally known to those skilled in the art can be used.

Hereinafter, the second protective layer will be described.

Referring to FIG. 3, the second protective layer 403 is formed directly on the high refractive index pattern layer 405 to protect and support the optical film 402, and protect the second polarizer 401.

The second protective layer 403 may have a retardation (Re) in the plane direction of 10,000 nm or more, specifically 10,000 nm or more, more specifically 10,100 nm to 15,000 nm. Within this range, it is possible to prevent rainbow stains from being visible.

The second protective layer 403 may be a film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching an optically transparent resin. Specifically, the optically transparent resin is a cellulose ester including polyester, acrylic, cyclic polyolefin, triacetyl cellulose (TAC) and the like including polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate and the like , Polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polynorbornene, polycarbonate (PC), polyamide, polyacetal, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyarylate, And polyimide. The second protective layer 403 may include a film produced after the modification of the resin described above. Such modification may include copolymerization, branching, cross-linking, or molecular terminal modification, and the like.

The second protective layer 403 and the optical film 402 can be integrated. Refers to a state in which the second protective layer 403 and the optical film 402 are not separated from each other and an adhesive layer or the like is not interposed.

The thickness of the second protective layer 403 may be 150 占 퐉 or less, specifically 20 占 퐉 to 150 占 퐉, more specifically 30 占 퐉 to 100 占 퐉. In the above range, it can be used in a liquid crystal display device.

A primer layer may be further formed on one surface of the second protective layer 403 to facilitate adhesion with the optical film 402. The primer layer may be formed of a composition containing the adhesive primer to facilitate adhesion between the second protective layer 403 and the optical film 402. The adhesive primer may include, but is not limited to, a polyester-based resin.

Although not shown in FIG. 3, an adhesive layer may be formed between the second polarizer 401 and the optical film 402. The adhesive layer may comprise a conventional adhesive for a polarizing plate. Specifically, the adhesive for a polarizing plate may include an epoxy resin, a (meth) acrylic monomer, a photoinitiator, and the like. However, in the case where the low refractive index pattern layer 404 is self-adhesive, the adhesive layer may be omitted. Further, the adhesive for a polarizing plate can further increase the light diffusion effect by further including a light diffusing agent. Further, although not shown in FIG. 3, a functional layer may be further formed on the upper surface of the second protective layer 403. The functional layer may include at least one of an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, and a hard coat layer.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the second polarizing plate according to this embodiment will be described.

The second polarizing plate may be manufactured by laminating a second protective layer and a laminate of the optical film and a second polarizer.

First, a laminate of the second protective layer and the optical film is produced. Specifically, a resin for a high refractive index pattern layer is coated on one surface of the second protective layer. The coating method is not particularly limited. For example, bar coating, spin coating, dip coating, roll coating, flow coating, die coating, and the like. Then, the pattern is transferred using a pattern film on which a filling pattern and a flat portion are formed on the coating layer. Then, the resin for the low refractive index pattern layer is filled and coated in the transferred pattern and cured. The curing may include one or more of light curing, heat curing. Photocuring may involve irradiation with light amount of 10mJ / cm ² to 1000mJ / cm ² at a wavelength of 400nm or less. Thermal curing may include treating at 40 占 폚 to 200 占 폚 for 1 hour to 30 hours. Within this range, the resin for the pattern layer can be sufficiently cured.

Thereby producing a second polarizer. The second polarizer may be manufactured by a conventional method. In one embodiment, the second polarizer can be produced by swelling, stretching, and dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film. Swelling, stretching, and dyeing may be performed by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art. In another embodiment, the second polarizer may be prepared by dewatering a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film.

An adhesive for a polarizing plate is coated on one side of the optical film in the laminate, and the second polarizer is prepared by laminating with a second polarizer and then curing.

Hereinafter, the light guide plate 50 will be described.

Referring to FIG. 1, the light guide plate 50 is disposed on a side surface of the light source 60, and the light incident from the light source 60 may be internally reflected and emitted to the prism sheet 10.

The light guide plate 50 allows the light emitted from the light guide plate 50 not to be scattered and emitted at a light exit angle of 50 to 90 degrees, specifically 60 to 80 degrees, so that even if the prism sheet 10 is used, have. Referring to FIG. 5, the above-mentioned "light output angle" is defined as 0 DEG in the direction perpendicular to the light exit surface of the light guide plate 50 (L2 in FIG. 5 The angle?

The light guide plate 50 has a second light incident surface opposed to the light source 60 and a second light exit surface orthogonal to the second light incident surface and opposed to the prism 102 of the prism sheet 10.

Hereinafter, the light guide plate according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

6, the light guide plate 50 according to the present embodiment may include a base layer 501, a lenticular lens pattern 502, and a microlens pattern 503.

The base layer 501 may be formed between the lenticular lens pattern 502 and the microlens pattern 503 to support the lenticular lens pattern 502 and the microlens pattern 503. [ The upper surface of the base layer 501 is a second light exit surface, the side surface of the base layer 501 is a second light entrance surface, and the lower surface of the base layer 501 is a surface .

The base layer 501 may have a thickness of 1000 탆 to 4000 탆, specifically 2000 탆 to 3000 탆. And can be used in an optical display device in the above range.

The substrate layer 501 may comprise a film formed of an optically transparent resin. Specifically, the resin may include at least one of polycarbonate, polymethyl (meth) acrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, a copolymer resin of methyl methacrylate and styrene (MS resin).

The lenticular lens pattern 502 is formed on the upper surface of the base layer 501 so that the light incident from the base layer 501 is emitted so that light is not scattered and the brightness can be increased. Fig. 6 shows a light guide plate in which a lenticular lens pattern is formed by a first optical pattern. However, the first optical pattern may include an optical pattern in which a curved surface is formed at the top. For example, the first optical pattern may include an optical pattern in which a curved surface is formed at the top of a prism pattern having a cross section of n (n is an integer of 3 to 10).

The lenticular lens pattern 502 may have an aspect ratio of 0.10 to 0.50 and a radius of curvature of 20 mu m to 200 mu m, specifically 50 mu m to 150 mu m. In the above range, light can be diffused and diffused with respect to the incident light, and the viewing angle in the vertical direction can be narrowed, so that the visual feeling and the brightness can be increased.

The lenticular lens pattern 502 may have a maximum width P4 of 100 mu m to 300 mu m and a maximum height H3 of 10 mu m to 150 mu m. In this range, the light can be condensed in the left and right directions to increase the light efficiency, perform the function of light diffusion and diffusion with respect to the incident light, narrow the viewing angle in the vertical direction, and increase the visibility and brightness.

The lenticular lens pattern 502 may be formed of the same or different optical transparent resin as the base layer 501.

The microlens pattern 503 is formed on the lower surface of the base layer 501, and can collect light emitted from the side surface of the light guide plate and emit light. 6 shows a light guide plate in which a microlens pattern is formed as a second optical pattern, but the second optical pattern may include a prism pattern having a cross section of n (n is an integer of 3 to 10) prisms, a lenticular lens pattern, and the like .

The microlens pattern 503 may have an aspect ratio of 0.01 to 0.20, specifically 0.01 to 0.10. In this range, it is possible to increase the light collection efficiency of the outgoing light from the light guide plate.

The microlens pattern 503 may have a width P5 of 100 占 퐉 to 400 占 퐉 and a height of 1 占 퐉 to 50 占 퐉. In the above range, a condensing effect may be obtained when the prism sheet is used.

The microlens pattern 503 may be formed of the same or different optical transparent resin as the base layer 501.

The base layer 501, the lenticular lens pattern 502, and the microlens pattern 503 may be integrally formed. Means that the adhesive layer is not interposed between the substrate layer 501, the lenticular lens pattern 502, and the microlens pattern 503 and is not independently separated. The light guide plate 50 may be manufactured by forming a microlens pattern 503 on the other surface of the substrate layer 501 formed by extrusion of the lenticular lens pattern 502 on one side by laser processing or the like. Extrusion and laser processing may be performed by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art.

Hereinafter, the light source 60 and the reflection sheet 70 will be described.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the light source 60 generates light, and may be disposed on the side of the light guide plate 20, that is, the second light incident surface of the light guide plate 20. The light source 60 may be a light source lamp, a surface light source lamp, a CCFL, or an LED. A light source cover is further formed outside the light source 60 to protect the light source 60. 1 shows a case where the light source 60 is disposed only on one side of the light guide plate 50. However, the light source 60 may be disposed on the other side of the light guide plate 50 (the side opposite to one side).

The reflective sheet 70 is formed on the lower surface of the light guide plate 50 and reflects the light emitted from the light source 60 and reflects the light to the light guide plate 50 to increase the light efficiency.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second polarizer plate of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.

A liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a prism sheet, a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a second polarizing plate, a light guide plate, a light source, and a reflective sheet. The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention except that the second polarizer plate of Fig. 7 is used instead of the second polarizer plate of Fig. Thus, only the second polarizing plate will be described.

7, the second polarizing plate 41 according to the present embodiment includes a second polarizer 401, an optical film 411 including a low refractive index pattern layer 412 and a high refractive index pattern layer 413, 2 protective layer 403. Since the second polarizer 401 and the second protective layer 403 are substantially the same as those of the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the optical film 411 will be mainly described here.

The optical film 411 is formed on the second polarizer 401 and immediately below the second protective layer 403 so that polarized light incident from the second polarizer 401 can be diffused. As a result, the side contrast ratio can be increased and the side viewing angle can be increased.

7, the optical film 411 according to the present embodiment includes a high refractive index pattern layer 413 in which at least one intaglio prism pattern 414 is formed, and a high refractive index pattern layer 413 in which at least a part of the intaglio prism pattern 414 is filled. And a low refractive index pattern layer 412 including a low refractive index pattern layer 415.

7 shows a second polarizer plate including a prismatic pattern 414 having a triangular cross-section. However, it may include a prism pattern whose cross section is an n-angular shape (n is an integer of 4 to 10). 7 shows the optical film without a flat portion, but the flat portion 409 of Fig. 3 may be further formed between the intaglio prism patterns 414. [ In addition, the intaglio prism pattern 414 of FIG. 7 has a flat surface or concavo-convex shape, so that diffusion can be increased.

The maximum width P6 of the negative prism pattern 414 may be 5 占 퐉 to 20 占 퐉, specifically, 7 占 퐉 to 15 占 퐉. The maximum height H4 of the negative prism pattern 414 may be 3 占 퐉 to 16 占 퐉, specifically, 4 占 퐉 to 16 占 퐉. The angled prism pattern 414 may have a vertex angle? 4 of 55 to 90 degrees, specifically, 65 to 80 degrees. The negative prism pattern 414 may have an aspect ratio of 1.0 or less, 0.50 to 0.96, specifically 0.6 to 0.8. In the range of width, height, apex angle and aspect ratio, there may be a light diffusion effect.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second polarizer plate of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.

A liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a prism sheet, a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a second polarizing plate, a light guide plate, a light source, and a reflective sheet. The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention except that the second polarizer plate of Fig. Hereinafter, only the second polarizing plate of Fig. 8 will be described.

8, the second polarizer 42 according to the present embodiment includes a second polarizer 401, an optical film 416 including a low refractive index pattern layer 417 and a high refractive index pattern layer 418, And a second protective layer 403. The high refractive index pattern layer 418 includes at least one engraved pattern 419 and a flat portion 420 and a curved surface 421 may be formed at an interface between the engraved pattern 419 and the flat portion 420. As a result, the diffusion effect of condensed light can be larger. The low refractive index pattern layer 417 may include one or more fill patterns 422 that fill at least a portion of the engraved pattern 419.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a second polarizer plate of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.

A liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a prism sheet, a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a second polarizing plate, a light guide plate, a light source, and a reflective sheet. The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention, except that the second polarizing plate of Fig. Thus, only the second polarizing plate of Fig. 9 will be described.

9, the second polarizer 43 according to the present embodiment includes a second polarizer 401, an optical film 402 including a low refractive index pattern layer 404 and a high refractive index pattern layer 405, 2 protective layer 403, and a third protective layer 423. And the third protective layer 423 with respect to the second polarizing plate in Fig.

The third protective layer 423 is formed under the second polarizer 401 to protect the second polarizer 401 and prevent the second polarizer 43 from being warped under severe conditions with the second protective layer 403. [ .

The third protective layer 423 may be a film obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching an optically transparent resin. Specifically, the resin may be a polyester resin including polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, etc., an acrylic resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, cellulose including triacetyl cellulose (TAC) A polyvinyl acetate resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polynorbornene resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyacetal resin, a polyphenylene ether resin, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, a polysulfone resin, A resin, a polyarylate resin, and a polyimide resin. The third protective layer may comprise a film produced after the modification of the resin described above. Such modification may include copolymerization, branching, cross-linking, or molecular terminal modification, and the like.

The third protective layer 423 may have a viewing angle compensation function with a predetermined range of retardation. Specifically, the third protective layer 423 may have a retardation (Re) in the plane direction of 40 nm to 60 nm. The viewing angle can be compensated in the above range to improve the image quality.

Although not shown in FIG. 9, the above-described adhesive layer may be further formed between the second polarizer 401 and the third protective layer 423. Although not shown in FIG. 9, an adhesive layer may be further formed on the lower surface of the third protective layer 423 to facilitate adhesion to the liquid crystal panel. The adhesive layer is as described above.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a second polarizer plate of the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.

A liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a prism sheet, a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a second polarizing plate, a light guide plate, a light source, and a reflective sheet. The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention, except that the second polarizing plate of Fig. Thus, only the second polarizing plate of Fig. 10 will be described.

10, the second polarizing plate 44 according to the present embodiment includes a second protective layer 403, a second polarizer 401, a low refractive index pattern layer 404 and a high refractive index pattern layer 405 And a third protective layer 423. The second protective layer 423 may be formed of a transparent material. Is substantially the same as the second polarizing plate 43 of Fig. 9 except that the optical film 402 is formed between the second polarizer 401 and the third protective layer 423.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the following examples are provided to aid understanding of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Production Example 1: Production of light guide plate

A lower surface of a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) film (thickness: 3000 占 퐉) having a lenticular lens pattern (width: 150 占 퐉, height: 34 占 퐉, aspect ratio: 0.23, radius of curvature: 100 占 퐉) (Width: 350 占 퐉, height: 15 占 퐉, aspect ratio: 0.04) was formed as a light guide plate.

Production Example 2: Production of prism sheet

An ultraviolet curing resin (refractive index: 1.55) was coated on a pulling roll provided with a prismatic pattern (width: 17 탆, height: 12.6 탆, vertex angle: 68 캜, cross section: triangle). One side of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness: 125 탆) was brought into contact with the obtained coating, and a light quantity of 200 mJ was irradiated at UV wavelength to prepare a prism sheet having a prism on one side of the PET film.

Production Example 2-1: Production of prism sheet

An ultraviolet curing resin (refractive index: 1.55) was coated on a pulling roll provided with a prismatic pattern (width: 60 μm, height: 30 μm, vertex angle: 90 °, cross section: triangle). One side of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness: 125 탆) was brought into contact with the obtained coating, and a light quantity of 200 mJ was irradiated at UV wavelength to prepare a prism sheet having a prism on one side of the PET film.

Production Example 3: Production of first polarizing plate

The polyvinyl alcohol film was stretched three times at 60 DEG C, adsorbed to iodine, and then stretched 2.5 times in an aqueous boric acid solution at 40 DEG C to prepare a first polarizer. A triacetyl cellulose film (thickness: 80 占 퐉) was bonded to both surfaces of the first polarizer with a polarizer adhesive (Z-200, manufactured by Nippon Goshei) as a first protective layer to prepare a first polarizer plate.

Example 1

A second polarizer was produced in the same manner as in the first polarizer of Production Example 3.

(SSC155, Shin-A T & C) was coated on one side of a transparent PET film for a second protective layer (Toyobo, SRF, thickness: 80 m, Re = 14000 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm) to obtain a coating. A lenticular lens pattern and a flat portion of a negative lenticular lens were applied to the coating using a film in which a bent lenticular lens pattern (width: 10 mu m, height: 10 mu m) and a flat portion (width: 10 mu m) , Thereby forming a high refractive index pattern layer. An ultraviolet curable resin (SSC140, ShinA & T & C) was coated on the high refractive index pattern layer to completely fill and cure the intaglio lenticular lens pattern to form an optical film having a low refractive index pattern layer immediately on the high refractive index pattern layer.

An adhesive for polarizing plate (Z-200, Nippon Goshei Co.) was coated on one surface of the low refractive index pattern layer, and the resultant was combined with the second polarizer and cured to prepare a second polarizing plate.

A light guide plate of Production Example 1, a prism sheet of Production Example 2, a first polarizing plate of Production Example 3, a liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing plate were sequentially laminated to form a liquid crystal display device. At this time, the lenticular lens pattern of the light guide plate and the prism pattern of the prism sheet were opposed to each other. Further, the second polarizer of the second polarizer was adhered to the liquid crystal panel.

Example 2

A second polarizer and an optical film were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Z-200, manufactured by Nippon Goshei) was coated on one side of each of the low refractive index pattern layer and the third protective layer TAC film (KC4DR-1, Konica Corp., thickness 40 mu m, Japan) 2 polarizer, and cured to prepare a second polarizing plate.

A light guide plate of Production Example 1, a prism sheet of Production Example 2, a first polarizing plate of Production Example 3, a liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing plate were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to form a liquid crystal display device.

Comparative Example 1

Two sheets of the prism sheets of Production Example 2-1 were laminated so that the prism acid directions were perpendicular to each other, and in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the prism pattern of the prism sheet was opposed to the first polarizer plate, .

Comparative Example 2

In Example 1, the light guide plate of Production Example 1, the prism sheet of Production Example 2, the first polarizing plate of Production Example 3, the liquid crystal panel, and the first polarizing plate of Production Example 3 were sequentially laminated to form a liquid crystal display device. At this time, the lenticular lens pattern of the light guide plate and the prism pattern of the prism sheet were opposed to each other. Further, the first polarizer of the first polarizer was adhered to the liquid crystal panel.

The following properties of the liquid crystal display devices manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

(1) Luminance: A liquid crystal display device including a LED light source, a liquid crystal display device of Examples and Comparative Examples, and including a one-sided edge type LED light source (except for the configuration of modules for liquid crystal display devices of Examples and Comparative Examples, (UN32H5500)) was prepared. The front luminance value was measured using EZCONTRAST X88RC (EZXL-176R-F422A4, ELDIM). Relative luminance was calculated as {(luminance value of Examples and Comparative Example) / (luminance value of Example 1)} x 100.

(2) 1/2 Viewing Angle and 1/3 Viewing Angle: A liquid crystal display was manufactured in the same manner as in (1), and the luminance value was measured using EZCONTRAST X88RC (EZXL-176R-F422A4, ELDIM). The 1/2 viewing angle and the 1/3 viewing angle mean a viewing angle having a luminance of 1/2 or 1/3 of the front luminance, respectively.

(3) Contrast ratio: A liquid crystal display was manufactured in the same manner as in (1), and the contrast ratio was measured in the spherical coordinate system (?,?) Using EZCONTRAST X88RC (EZXL-176R-F422A4, ELDIM).

Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Prism sheet Production Example 2 Production Example 2 Production Example 2-1 Production Example 2 Position of prism in prism sheet Light incidence plane Light incidence plane Light emitting surface Light incidence plane The high refractive index pattern layer Refractive index 1.57 1.57 1.57 - Engraved pattern Lenticular lens Lenticular lens Lenticular lens - Aspect ratio of engraved pattern 1.0 1.0 1.0 - Flatness has exist has exist has exist - The low refractive index pattern layer Refractive index 1.42 1.42 1.42 - Presence or absence of the third protective layer none has exist none - Luminance The center luminance value (nit) 227 216 185 351 Relative luminance
(%) 100 95 81 155 1/2 Viewing Angle (°) Right and left 35.4 36.1 63.2 22.3 Upper and Lower 43.2 43.5 44.1 42.5 1/3 Viewing Angle (°) Right and left 50.1 51.3 80.2 29.7 Upper and Lower 56.3 56.4 55.5 50.4 Contrast ratio (0 [deg.], 0 [deg.]) 14322 14063 12843 16194

As shown in Table 1, the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment has high relative luminance, improved viewing angle on the side, and high contrast ratio on the front side.

However, as shown in Table 1, Comparative Example 1 including a prism sheet having a prism on a light emitting surface has a disadvantage in that the front luminance and the front contrast ratio are relatively low. Comparative Example 2 including the polarizing plate not including the optical film had a problem that the front luminance and the front contrast ratio were excellent but the left and right viewing angles were narrow.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

Liquid crystal panel,
A first polarizer formed on one surface of the liquid crystal panel,
A second polarizer formed on the other surface of the liquid crystal panel,
A prism sheet formed below the first polarizer plate, and
And a light guide plate formed on a lower portion of the prism sheet,
Wherein at least one prism is formed on a surface of the prism sheet opposite to the light guide plate,
Wherein the second polarizer comprises a polarizer and an optical film formed on the polarizer,
Wherein the optical film includes a high refractive index pattern layer in which at least one engraved pattern is formed and a low refractive index pattern layer in which a filling pattern for filling at least a part of the engraved pattern is formed,
Wherein the second polarizer comprises the polarizer, the low refractive index pattern layer formed on the upper side of the polarizer, and the high refractive index pattern layer formed directly on the low refractive index pattern layer,
Wherein the high refractive index pattern layer has a refractive index higher than that of the low refractive index pattern layer,
Wherein the optical film is arranged such that light emitted from the prism sheet is incident on the low refractive index pattern layer and is emitted to the high refractive index pattern layer,
Wherein the engraved pattern has an aspect ratio of 0.4 to 1.0. delete The liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the engraved pattern comprises a lenticular lens pattern, a prism pattern having a triangular or a 10-sided cross section, or a prism pattern having a curved surface and a triangular- Device. The liquid crystal display of claim 1, wherein the high refractive index pattern layer is further formed with a flat portion between the engraved pattern and the engraved pattern. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the low refractive index pattern layer has a refractive index of less than 1.50. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the high refractive index pattern layer has a refractive index of 1.50 or more. The liquid crystal display of claim 1, wherein the filling pattern completely fills the engraved pattern. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the second polarizer comprises a polarizer, the low refractive index pattern layer formed on the polarizer, the high refractive index pattern layer formed directly on the low refractive index pattern layer, And the second protective layer, wherein the high refractive index pattern layer and the second protective layer are in contact with each other. The liquid crystal display of claim 8, wherein the second polarizer further comprises a third protective layer under the polarizer. delete delete The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light guide plate emits light at a light exit angle of 50 to 90 degrees. 10. The liquid crystal display of claim 8 or 9, wherein the prism is a prism pattern having a triangular section, and the engraved pattern is a lenticular lens pattern, wherein a flat portion is further formed between the engraved pattern and the engraved pattern. The liquid crystal display of claim 8 or 9, wherein the prism is a prism pattern having a triangular section, and the engraved pattern is a prism pattern. The liquid crystal display of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes a light source, and the light source is disposed on a side surface of the light guide plate.

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