KR101378740B1 - Non reciprocal circuit device of distributed circuit type combined with lumped circuit element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an irreversible circuit element including a central conductor in which multiple resonators functioning as a resonance circuit are formed. Each resonator is a distributed element. A concentrated constant type element is combined to the end of one or more resonators.

Description

Non-reciprocal circuit device of distributed circuit type combined with lumped circuit element

The present invention relates to an irreversible circuit element having a distributed element type resonator to which a concentrated integer element is applied.

With the recent increase in the demand for wireless communication and the development of communication technology, demand for communication equipment has increased and price competition has intensified. Accordingly, in a situation where there is an increasing demand for miniaturization of the system as well as productivity and cost reduction of communication equipment, there is an increasing demand for miniaturization of irreversible circuit elements such as circulators and isolators used in communication equipment.

Non-reciprocal circuit elements, such as circulators and isolators, generally have a signal input through a predetermined port to rotate in a predetermined direction according to Faraday rotation. It is a high frequency communication component designed to be transferred to another adjacent port.

In the case of a circulator, it usually has three ports, and the signals input from each port are usually designed to be transmitted to adjacent ports with the same propagation coefficient and reflection coefficient. Accordingly, each port may be an input port and an output port having directivity with respect to an adjacent port.

On the other hand, in the case of the isolator, by connecting a termination resistor (Termination) to one of the three ports, each port is designed to perform only one role. In other words, the signal entered through the input port is transmitted through the output port, on the contrary, the signal entered through the output port is transmitted to the termination port to which the termination resistor is connected and is destroyed. Thus, in an ideal isolator, the signal input from the output port is blocked without being passed to the input port.

In general, the isolator and the circulator are located between the power amplifier and the antenna in the transmitting end of the wireless communication device, and help the signal amplified from the power amplifier to be transmitted with little loss toward the antenna. It blocks the signal from returning from the antenna or unwanted signal to the power amplifier.

The present invention is to provide a new structure of the irreversible circuit device that can reduce the physical size of the irreversible circuit device.

An irreversible circuit device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a center conductor in which a plurality of stripline resonators are formed. In this case, each of the stripline resonator is a distributed element type element, the concentrated integer type element is coupled to at least one end of the stripline resonator.

In this case, the irreversible circuit element may be a circulator or an isolator.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an irreversible circuit device includes a stripline center conductor, a microwave ferrite, a pole plate made of a soft magnetic material, a permanent magnet supplying a magnetic field to the microwave ferrite, and a closed circuit of the magnetic field. A laminated structure in which return electrode plates for stacking are stacked; And a housing accommodating the laminated structure and made of soft magnetic material.

In this case, the stripline center conductor includes a plurality of resonators functioning as a resonant circuit and a plurality of impedance converters for converting the impedance of the resonator into a 50 ohm characteristic impedance, wherein each resonator is a distribution element type device. At least one end of the resonator is coupled to a lumped constant element. In this case, the plurality of impedance converters may extend out of the housing through three openings formed in the side wall of the housing.

The stripline center conductor provided according to another aspect of the present invention is a component constituting the irreversible circuit element. The stripline center conductor comprises a plurality of resonators; And a lumped constant element connected to at least one end of the resonator. In this case, the resonator is a distribution element type device.

In this case, the stripline center conductor may further include one or more impedance converters.

In this case, the lumped constant type device may include a chip capacitor having a multilayer structure.

In this case, the resonance frequency of the stripline center conductor may be changed by the capacitance value of the lumped constant element.

In this case, the lumped constant device may have a dielectric constant of 30 or more.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the resonator which has the greatest influence on the size of the product without being affected by the physical wavelength length of the frequency used in the irreversible circuit element, thereby miniaturizing the product.

1 is a view for explaining a general irreversible circuit element.
2 is a view for explaining the irreversible circuit device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view for explaining the center conductor included in the irreversible circuit device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings an embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be implemented in various other forms. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of understanding the embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Also, the singular forms as used below include plural forms unless the phrases expressly have the opposite meaning.

1 is a diagram for describing a general irreversible circuit device 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, a general irreversible circuit element 100 includes a lid 101, a return pole piece 102, a permanent magnet 103, and a pole piece. (104), microwave ferrites (105, 107), a stripe center conductor (106), and a housing (108). In this case, the irreversible circuit element 100 may be used as an isolator, a circulator, or the like.

The return pole plate 102, the permanent magnet 103, the pole plate 104, the microwave ferrites 105 and 107, and the center conductor 106 are inserted into and stacked on the housing 108, respectively. ) Is usually made by machining metal blocks. At this time, in the present specification, the 'lamination element 150' may be referred to as a term 'lamination structure', and the return electrode plate 102, the permanent magnet 103, and the electrode plate 104 stacked inside the housing 108. , Microwave ferrites 105, 107, and center conductor 106.

Three openings are formed in the side wall of the housing 108, and the three openings are formed of three center conductor terminals 106a, 106b, and 106c forming respective ports in the center conductor 106. To expose the outside of the housing 108.

At this time, the housing 108 and the lid 101 are assembled together to squeeze and fix the laminated element 150 inserted into the housing 108. The inner diameter of the housing 108 and the outer diameter of the lid 101 are circumferentially aligned. The threads are formed, and they are meshed with each other to be assembled. Accordingly, as the lead 101 rotates down along the thread of the inner diameter of the housing 108, the stacked elements 150 stacked inside the housing 108 are pressed closely to each other.

The housing 108 and the lid 101 are usually intended to be implemented using a soft magnetic material, in which the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet 103 is lowered through the housing 108 and the lid 101. This is to have a resistance and to flow in a magnetic closed loop without leakage of the magnetic field.

Since the pole plate 104 located between the microwave ferrite 105 and the permanent magnet 103 is made of a soft magnetic material having a high permeability, the DC magnetic field applied from the permanent magnet 103 to the microwave ferrite 105 is equalized. Since the magnetoresistance is much smaller than that of general dielectric or air, it minimizes the reduction of applied magnetic field. At this time, the permanent magnet 103 is inserted to apply the magnetic field to the microwave ferrites 105 and 107, the pole plate 304 having a high permeability is inserted between the permanent magnet 103 and the microwave ferrite 105 The uniformity of the magnetic field is improved.

The lead 101 made of soft magnetic material inserted on the permanent magnet 103 has a low magnetic reluctance magnetic closed circuit for circulating internally the static magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet 103 together with the housing 108. Closed Loop).

Two microwave ferrites 105 and 107 and the center conductor 106 inserted into the housing 108 are configured to form a resonator having a stripline structure. In this case, the size of the resonator of the stripline structure is determined by the frequency at which the irreversible circuit element 100 is used, the permeability and permittivity of the microwave ferrites 105 and 107. At this time, in order to reduce the size of the product, various design methods for reducing the size of the resonator of the stripline structure may be applied. However, when the size of the resonator of the stripline structure is miniaturized more than necessary, the electrical characteristics are distorted, and thus, miniaturization to a certain extent is impossible. In the present specification, the 'core conductor 106' may be referred to as the term 'stripline center conductor'.

In addition, the center conductor 106 may be designed as a distributed element resonator. At this time, the size of the distributed element resonator is to be changed in proportion to the length of the physical wavelength of the frequency.

That is, according to Equation 1 below, as the frequency f is lowered, the length of the wavelength is increased, and the size of the distributed element resonator designed depending on the length of the wavelength is increased. do. Therefore, the size of the distributed element type resonator which has the greatest influence on the size of the product is increased, so that the size of the product is also increased.

[Equation 1]

λ is the length of the wavelength

C: speed of light

f: Frequency

μ: specific permeability of the substance

ε: relative dielectric constant of the material

In order to solve this problem, the use of a nonreciprocal circuit device using a Lumped Element type element which is relatively unaffected by the physical wavelength length can be considered. (Insertion Loss) is relatively large, there is a problem that it is difficult to withstand high-frequency signals of high output.

2 and 3, a non-reciprocal circuit device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above-described problem will be described.

2 is a perspective view of the irreversible circuit device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the center conductor 206 included in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the irreversible circuit device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a lead 201, a return pole plate 202, a permanent magnet 203, a pole plate 204, and a microwave ferrite 205. 207, a center conductor 206, and a housing 208. In this case, as described with reference to FIG. 1, the return pole plate 202, the permanent magnet 203, the pole plate 204, the microwave ferrites 205 and 207, and the center of the housing 208 of the non-reciprocal circuit element 200. The conductors 206 are inserted and laminated respectively. That is, the components indicated by reference numerals 201 to 209 of FIG. 2 each function to correspond to the components indicated by reference numerals 101 to 109 of FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the central conductor 206 of the non-reciprocal circuit device 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b and 210c, and lumped constant type elements 211a and 211b. , 211c). At this time, each of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c has a structure in which the concentrated constant type elements 211a, 211b, and 211c are joined. In this case, the center conductor 206 may further include impedance converters 206a, 206b, and 206c for impedance matching from the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c to an external system. For example, the impedance converters 206a, 206b, and 206c may convert the impedance of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c into a 50 ohm characteristic impedance.

That is, as shown in Figure 3, the center conductor 206 is bonded to each end of the three distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, 210c and the three distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, 210c, respectively. Three distributed constant type elements 211a, 211b, and 211c, and three impedance transducers 206a, 206b, and 206c, and three distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c and three impedance transducers 206a. , 206b and 206c may be alternately located.

In this case, the lumped constant type elements 211a, 211b, and 211c may be implemented using a chip capacitor having a multilayer structure, or may be implemented using a plate capacitor having a high dielectric constant of 30 or more.

 According to this structure, the lumped constant type elements 211a, 211b, and 211c are relatively less affected by the physical wavelength length of the frequency used in the irreversible circuit element 200, while It is possible to reduce the size of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c that are joined. For example, when the frequency is lowered and the resonance frequency of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c needs to be lowered, the lumped constant type element 211a is not required to be largely adjusted without the size of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b, and 210c. 211b and 211c, that is, by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor, the resonance frequency of the distributed element type resonators 210a, 210b and 210c may be lowered.

In the present specification, the 'distribution element type resonator' may be referred to as a term 'resonator', 'stripline resonator', or 'distribution element type device'.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. The contents of each claim in the claims may be combined with other claims without departing from the scope of the claims.

200: irreversible circuit element
206: center conductor
206a, 206b, 206c: impedance transducer
210a, 210b, and 210c: distributed element type resonators
211a, 211b, and 211c: lumped constant devices

Claims (11)

A non-reciprocal circuit element comprising a plurality of impedance converters and a plurality of resonators functioning as resonant circuits and including a center conductor formed by radially intersecting arrangement,
Each resonator is a distribution element type element,
At least one end of the resonator is coupled to a concentrated constant type element,
Irreversible circuit element. The method of claim 1,
Three resonators are formed in the central conductor,
At each end of the three resonator is a concentrated constant type element is coupled,
Irreversible circuit element. 2. The irreversible circuit element of claim 1, wherein the irreversible circuit element is a circulator. 2. The irreversible circuit element of claim 1, wherein the irreversible circuit element is an isolator. A laminated structure in which a stripline center conductor for resonant circuit configuration, a microwave ferrite, a pole plate made of a soft magnetic material, a permanent magnet for supplying a magnetic field to the microwave ferrite, and a return pole plate for the closed circuit configuration of the magnetic field are stacked; And
A housing containing the laminated structure and made of soft magnetic material;
/ RTI >
In the stripline center conductor, a plurality of impedance converters and a plurality of resonators functioning as resonant circuits are radially cross-aligned and formed.
Each resonator is a distribution element type element,
At least one end of the resonator is coupled to a concentrated constant type element,
Irreversible circuit element. 6. The method of claim 5,
The stripline center conductor further includes a plurality of impedance converters for converting the impedance of the resonator into a 50 ohm characteristic impedance.
And the plurality of impedance transducers extend out of the housing through three openings formed in the side wall of the housing. A stripline center conductor constituting an irreversible circuit element,
A plurality of resonators disposed radially;
A plurality of impedance transducers arranged radially crosswise with the plurality of resonators; And
A lumped constant element connected to at least one end of the resonator;
Including;
The resonator is a distributed element type device,
Stripline center conductor. delete 8. The stripline center conductor of claim 7, wherein the lumped element comprises a multi-layer chip capacitor. 8. The stripline center conductor of claim 7, wherein the resonant frequency of the resonator is changed by a capacitance value of the lumped constant element. 8. The stripline center conductor of claim 7, wherein the lumped element has a dielectric constant of at least 30.

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