KR101347898B1 - A environment organic natural decomposition mulch material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material comprising: natural hemp, natural rayon, natural cotton, or a fabric material made up of the same; natural fiber extracted from almond skins or coconut peels; a natural adhesive which is plant or animal glue; colorings; and additives. Since the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material according to the present invention is made up of natural materials, the soil respiration is possible if the mulching material covers around the roots of crops, and also the mulching material is biodegraded by soil microbes so that the extra removal process is not necessary, thereby having an effect in reducing manpower. Also the mulching material prevents soil pollution by emitting various harmful gases and considerably affects the crop harvest since the resistance to disease and insect pests, or growth of harmful microorganisms becomes stronger by an increase of dissolved oxygen. Especially, the mulching material has effects in being prey to effective microorganisms in degradation process, inhibiting the germination and growth of weeds by blocking penetration of sun light, and being a good raw material for compost by the restoration of ecosystem and growth of the effective microorganisms. [Reference numerals] (AA) Development of functional biodegradable mulching materials

Description

A environment organic natural decomposition mulch material

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material.

Mulching covers the surface of arable soil when growing crops, and is used for soil erosion prevention, soil water retention, low temperature control, weed control and soil pollution prevention. In more detail, by covering the soil surface of the rooted cultivated crop, it performs an erosion prevention function that prevents the furrow (the part where the cultivated crop is rooted) from being lost to flooding. In part, the water evaporation essential to growth was suppressed to play a part in controlling moisture for cultivated crops within a certain range.

The mulching material used in such mulching was initially used environmentally friendly materials such as rice straw, chopped straw, grasses, etc., but to date, materials such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, which are easy to work and easy to secure, have been used.

However, unlike the vinyl house vinyl exposed to the road surface, the above-mentioned vinyl materials have to be collected after being buried in the soil, and the work intensity for recovery is not only higher than normal, but also removed by force due to the aging of rural workers. The problem was that most vinyl mulching papers remained in the soil permanently.

In particular, the vinyl mulching paper remaining in the soil is a very bad air permeability due to the nature of the material is a major cause of soil pollution, the problem is that the vinyl mulching paper that is not removed is more and more increasing year by year, and recovery rate is less than 55%. .

In order to solve this problem, researches on mulching materials that can be naturally decomposed in a natural state are being conducted.

For example, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0036627 “Eco-friendly biodegradable agricultural mulching film and its manufacturing method” includes stearic acid, heavy calcium carbonate, vinyl ketone copolymer polymer, polyethylene wax, lactose, ethyl acetate, methacrylate, powder It is made by mixing and processing extruded plastic resin containing any one or mixed LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE, PSP and PP to biodegradable compound mixed with milk, isobutyl alcohol, benzene and LMPE. As a result, there was a limit to the natural decomposition by soil microorganisms.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0036627 (2005.05.02)

The present invention for solving the above problems, by removing the residual material through the natural decomposition of the mulching material can obtain the effect of reducing the manpower, prevent the transmission of sunlight to suppress the germination and growth of weeds, and restore the natural ecosystem order It can be a good fermentation compost material due to the growth of microorganisms and useful microorganisms, and to provide an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material with improved tensile strength.

The present invention for achieving the above object is natural cotton; Natural rayon, natural hemp or fiber materials thereof; Natural fiber extracted from one or more selected from coconut blood, almond blood, sugar cane or bamboo; Natural adhesives of vegetable glue or animal glue; Pigment; And it relates to an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material comprising an additive.

In addition, the present invention is cotton wool 16 to 36% by weight, fiber material 7 to 17% by weight, natural fiber 3 to 23% by weight, natural adhesive 15 to 35% by weight, pigment 1 to 2% by weight and additives 0.1 to 20% by weight It is about environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material.

In addition, the present invention is an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material of any one or two or more of the vegetable glue selected from seaweed, kelp, seaweed, radish, corn starch, starch starch, rice husk flour, kelp, agar, hardwood and chip leaf powder. It is about.

In addition, the present invention is the animal glue is gelatin, casein, any one or a mixture of two or more selected from collagen, mica powder, feldspar powder, diamond stone powder, pulp powder and mineral powder, which are the main protein components of bone and leather of mammals. It relates to eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material.

The present invention also relates to an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material, wherein the pigment is any one or a mixture of two or more selected from squid ink, sesame charcoal liquid, sesame charcoal powder, animal blood and shellfish secretion.

The additive relates to environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material that is volcanic stone powder, zeolite powder, silicate powder, corn starch, flour or silicate aqueous solution.

Eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material according to the present invention can obtain the effect of reducing manpower by eliminating the residual material residues through the natural decomposition of the mulching material, prevent the transmission of sunlight to suppress the germination and growth of weeds, and restore the natural ecosystem order and useful There is an effect that can be a good fermentation compost raw material due to the growth of microorganisms.

Hereinafter, each configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material comprising natural cotton, fiber raw materials, natural fibers, natural adhesives, pigments and additives, the natural cotton serves to control the humidity of the soil while also supplying organic matter to the soil. As such, wool, goose down, silk, cotton, etc. may be used, but is not limited thereto. However, it is preferable to use cotton wool to supply a large amount of organic matter to the soil, and to control the soil humidity appropriately.

In addition, the natural cotton is preferably included 16 to 36% by weight, and if the natural cotton is included in the above range, the final shape of the natural mulching material can be made properly, improve the porosity to improve the respiratory properties of the soil It is preferable to be able.

The fiber material may be used natural rayon, natural hemp or mixtures thereof, and the natural rayon may be one or two or more selected from viscose rayon, copper ammonium rayon, lyocell and acetate acetate fiber.

In addition, the natural hemp is one or more mixtures selected from Ramie, Flax, Hemp, Jute, Juni, Manima and Sisal May be used, but is not limited thereto.

The natural hemp is one of the oldest fibers that human beings have used, and in particular, it has excellent breathability and excellent moisture absorption and divergence among the natural fibers, giving it a cool feeling with the coolest fiber and is not easily contaminated, so it is widely used as a high-grade summer clothing. However, these burrs have the defect that they are difficult to spun with fine yarn and are easy to wrinkle. Therefore, these defects can be mixed or specially processed with other fiber materials such as synthetic fibers to prevent wrinkles and spread out well. It is necessary to supplement it for summer high quality clothing.

In particular, hemp is traditionally called hemp or marijuana, and is a plant distributed all over the world in temperate and subtropical regions except for one region, and is composed of about 100 varieties and strains. Such hemp contains about 60 main ingredients such as CBC, CBG, CBN, CBD, THC, and 360 auxiliary substances, and functional ingredients called cannabinoids are synthesized in the cells of hemp. It is converted into various intermediates and eventually accumulates in plants in the form of CBD or THC.

Hemp was used to extract fibers from stems and make ropes and bags for ships. Oil from seeds was used as a raw material for paints and varnishes, and bioactive substances from bractus. come. Because of the various uses of hemp, it began to be grown in China (Manchuria) around 5000 BC, and then introduced to Southeast Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Africa, and now evenly distributed throughout the world.

In particular, hemp fiber has been used as a rope for ships because it is not only the hardest and toughest fiber known, but also has a long fiber length of 1 to 5m, and is more resistant to salts and gets wet when wet. Due to the rise, it is gradually replaced by synthetic resin products. In Korea, hemp fiber has traditionally been used as one of the most important clothing items, but in recent years it has been rapidly decreasing and it is difficult to find a trace, but in recent years, the use of hemp has been changed and used again in the West. In other words, hemp fiber is widely used for the cover, curtains, bedding products and carpets of indoor decorations, hemp fiber is used to produce solid paper boxes, and about 25% of hemp fiber is added to the building material Wood-Tile. As a result, compressed wood tiles have been produced that dramatically improve the texture and robustness of wood tiles. In addition, hemp fiber is a natural fiber, which increases the strength and impact resistance of the composite material, improves thermal stability, and provides antimicrobial, UV blocking, and water blocking functions to increase the use of synthetic polymer additives.

Recently, the function of water wave, ultraviolet ray, electromagnetic wave blocking, antibacterial action, far infrared ray emission and sound insulation has been proved in fabric developed by Hamp Korea, a domestic hemp company.

In the present invention, the fiber raw material preferably contains 7 to 17% by weight, and when included in the above range, the UV blocking function may be improved, and the tensile strength may be improved.

Natural fiber of the present invention is easy to decompose naturally when using mulberry material produced by using extracted from natural fiber extracted from one or more selected from coconut blood, almond blood, sugar cane or bamboo, tensile strength It is preferable because it improves.

The natural fiber is preferably contained 3 to 23% by weight, when included in the above range, the natural decomposition of the mulching material can be made smoothly, it is good because the tensile strength of the eco-friendly natural decomposition mulching material produced is improved.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use vegetable glue or animal glue as the natural adhesive.

The vegetable glue may be any one or two or more mixtures selected from seaweed, kelp, seaweed, radish, corn starch, starch starch, rice husk flour, kelp, agar, hardwood and chip leaf powder, but is not limited thereto. As the animal glue, gelatin, casein, collagen, mica powder, feldspar powder, diamond stone powder, pulp powder, and mine powder, which are major protein components of mammalian bone and leather, may be used. However, it is not limited thereto. However, it is preferable to use gelatin, kelp or agar, and more preferably to use kelp. Since the kelp is rich in laminarin as an adhesive component, the adhesive force may be improved, so that durability may be improved, and fluidity may also be ensured, thereby facilitating the operation.

 In addition, the natural adhesive is preferably 15 to 35% by weight, the viscosity of the mixture is improved, the fluidity is secured, the operation is easy, and the adhesive force can be increased to improve the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elasticity of the cotton. .

In the present invention, the pigment may be any one or a mixture of two or more selected from squid ink, sesame charcoal, sesame charcoal, animal blood and shellfish, etc., wherein the color is black to protect the crop from ultraviolet rays and direct sunlight. There is an effect that can be done.

It is preferable that the pigment contains 1 to 2% by weight, and when it is included in the above range, the black color may be excellent, and thus the blocking rate of ultraviolet rays and direct sunlight may be improved, which may help the growth of crops.

The additive to the present invention may include any one or two or more mixtures selected from volcanic stone powder, zeolite powder, silicate powder, natural antimicrobial clam flour powder or silicate aqueous solution, etc. As it is used, it is possible to adsorb contaminants and improve the intellect. In addition, when the silicate aqueous solution is added, the antibacterial activity may be improved, thereby diluting the harmful components that may remain in the mixture of the present invention, thereby improving the soil quality.

It is preferable that the additive contains 0.1 to 20% by weight, and when included in the above range, it is possible to further improve the growth of crops by improving the soil strength.

Eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material according to the present invention can be manufactured in the form of a felt, all because it is made of only natural material is possible to breathe in the soil even if it is covered near the root of the crop and as it is naturally decomposed by soil microorganisms as a separate removal process There is an advantage that is not necessary. In addition, it prevents environmental pollution by releasing various microorganisms, in particular, it is a food of useful microorganisms during the decomposition of mulching materials, and has the advantage of promoting the growth of crops by preventing the germination and growth of weeds by preventing the penetration of sunlight. .

Furthermore, since all are made of natural materials, they are harmless to the human body, so they can be used as medical surgical mats, medical mats, eco-friendly shopping bags, etc. Also, they are highly breathable and easy to discharge moisture. Insulating agent or styrofoam is expected to be able to compensate for the disadvantages of cold damage rather than the warming effect because it is kept inside the product because moisture is not discharged out due to condensation or snow and rain inside.

The eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material according to the present invention is composed of only natural materials, so even if it is covered near the roots of the crop, it is possible to breathe the soil. There is. In addition, it prevents environmental pollution by releasing various microorganisms, in particular, it is a food of useful microorganisms during the decomposition of mulching materials, prevents the penetration of sunlight and inhibits germination and growth of weeds, and restores the order of natural ecosystems and the growth of useful microorganisms. It can be a good fermentation compost raw material.

Furthermore, since all are made of natural materials, they are harmless to the human body, so they are expected to be used as medical surgical mats and medical mats. Also, excellent ventilation is easy to discharge moisture. It is expected to be able to compensate for the disadvantages of cold damage rather than the warming effect because it remains frozen inside the product because it cannot get discharged due to blood phenomena, snow or rain.

1 shows a manufacturing process for producing an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material according to the present invention,
1 and 2 is a photograph of the product of environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared according to the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. And it is natural that such variations and modifications are included in the appended claims.

The physical properties of the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material manufactured by the method presented below were measured.

1. Mechanical strength

Using a tensile tester, the measurement was performed at a tensile rate of 10 mm / min at a temperature of 23 ± 2 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50 ± 2%. In addition, the longitudinal direction of the manufactured eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material is expressed in MD, the width direction in TD. (ASTM D 882A)

2. UV protection

After placing a 10cm x 10cm sample in a box and sealing it in a fixed part, input the conditions in the scan mode, and evaluate UV characteristics in the range of 200nm to 400nm by using a UV Visble Spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan). Measured.

Example 1

17% by weight of fiber materials obtained by mixing hemp fiber and viscose rayon at a weight ratio of 1: 1;

10% by weight of cheonmyeon fiber obtained by mixing the fiber extracted from coconut shells (coconasa (USA)) and the fiber extracted from almond skin in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

Addition of 4Kg of a mixture of kelp and wheat starch with weight ratio 1: 1 to 10000L with vegetable glue to natural glue, 35% by weight of natural glue mixed with gelatin by weight ratio 1: 1 with vegetable glue and animal glue;

1% by weight of charcoal powder;

15% by weight of an additive in which the zeolite powder and the silicate aqueous solution are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1; And cotton wool 22% by weight; were mixed to prepare a mixture.

The prepared mixture was sieved using a sieve and dried in a steam furnace for 3 minutes to prepare an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material.

The mechanical strength and UV-blocking properties of the environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared are shown in Table 2 below.

[Examples 2 to 6]

Fiber raw material in which hemp fiber and viscose rayon are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

Cheonmyeon fiber obtained by mixing the fiber extracted from coconut shells (coconasa (USA)) and the fiber extracted from almond skin in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

The natural glue, which is a mixture of kelp and bamboo starch with a weight ratio of 1: 1 in weight ratio to 10000L and then added gelatin with weight ratio 1: 1 in botanical glue and animal glue for 20 minutes;

Charcoal Flour;

An additive in which a zeolite powder and an aqueous silicate solution are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1; And cotton wool were mixed to prepare a mixture.

The prepared mixture was sieved using a sieve and then dried in stilrome at 75 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material.

At this time, each content of the fiber raw material, natural fiber, natural adhesive, charcoal powder, additives and cotton are shown in Table 1 below.

In addition, by measuring the mechanical strength and UV protection of the environmentally-friendly natural decomposition mulching material prepared is shown in Table 2 below.

[Example 7]

17% by weight of fiber materials obtained by mixing hemp fiber and viscose rayon at a weight ratio of 1: 1;

10% by weight of fiber extracted from coconut shells (coconasa (USA));

35 kg by weight of a natural adhesive containing 4 kg of a mixture of kelp and bamboo starch in a weight ratio of vegetable glue to 10000L, and then mixing gelatin in a weight ratio of 1 weight with vegetable glue and animal glue for 20 minutes;

1% by weight of charcoal powder;

15% by weight of an additive in which the zeolite powder and the silicate aqueous solution are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1; And cotton wool 22% by weight; were mixed to prepare a mixture.

The prepared mixture was sieved using a sieve and dried in a steam furnace for 3 minutes to prepare an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material.

The mechanical strength and UV-blocking properties of the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared are shown in Table 2 below.

Comparative Example 1

23% by weight of cheonmyeon fiber obtained by mixing the fiber extracted from coconut shells (coconasa (USA)) and the fiber extracted from almond skin in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

Addition of 4Kg of a mixture of kelp and wheat starch with weight ratio 1: 1 to 10000L with vegetable glue to natural glue, 35% by weight of natural glue mixed with gelatin by weight ratio 1: 1 with vegetable glue and animal glue;

2% by weight of charcoal powder;

20% by weight of an additive obtained by mixing a zeolite powder and an aqueous silicate solution in a weight ratio of 1: 1; And cotton wool 20% by weight; were mixed to prepare a mixture.

The prepared mixture was sieved using a sieve and then dried in a steam furnace at 75 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material.

The mechanical strength and UV-blocking properties of the environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared are shown in Table 2 below.

[Comparative Examples 2 to 6]

Fiber raw material in which hemp fiber and viscose rayon are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

Cheonmyeon fiber obtained by mixing the fiber extracted from the coconut shell (cocoa sasa (USA)) and the fiber extracted from the palm tree in a weight ratio of 1: 1;

The natural glue, which is a mixture of kelp and bamboo starch with a weight ratio of 1: 1 in weight ratio to 10000L and then added gelatin with weight ratio 1: 1 in botanical glue and animal glue for 20 minutes;

Charcoal Flour;

An additive in which a zeolite powder and an aqueous silicate solution are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1; And cotton wool were mixed to prepare a mixture.

The prepared mixture was sieved using a sieve and then dried in a steam furnace at 75 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material.

At this time, each content of the fiber raw material, natural fiber, natural adhesive, charcoal powder, additives and cotton are shown in Table 1 below.

In addition, by measuring the mechanical strength and UV protection of the environmentally-friendly natural decomposition mulching material prepared is shown in Table 2 below.

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

Looking at Examples 1 to 7 of Table 2, it can be seen that the tensile strength and the UV blocking rate is excellent.

On the other hand, eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material except the fiber raw material (Comparative Example 1) showed a low tensile strength, it can be seen that the UV blocking rate also shows a low value. In addition, the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material (Comparative Example 2) manufactured except natural fiber shows the lowest tensile strength, so the natural fiber and natural hemp extracted from almond or palm tree have the most tensile strength of the mulching material. It could be confirmed that it has a big impact.

In addition, the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared with the exception of the natural adhesive (Comparative Example 3) showed low tensile strength with MD 4.1 and TD 4.2, and the mulching material prepared with the exception of pigments and textile materials (Comparative Example 4). ) Showed the lowest UV blocking rate. In addition, the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material prepared by excluding the additive and cotton (Comparative Example 5) and the mixture except the cotton (comparative example 6) could be confirmed that the eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material itself was not manufactured.

Thus, the inventors were able to confirm that excellent tensile strength and UV blocking rate can be obtained only when the fiber material, natural fiber, natural cotton, natural adhesive, pigment, and additives are all included.

Claims (6)

As an eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material,
Natural cotton 16 to 36% by weight;
7 to 17% by weight of natural rayon, natural hemp or fiber mixtures thereof;
3 to 23% by weight of natural fiber extracted from one or more selected from coconut blood, almond blood, sugar cane or bamboo;
15 to 35% by weight of a natural adhesive, a vegetable glue or an animal glue;
Pigment 1 to 2% by weight; And
Eco-friendly biodegradable mulching material comprising 0.1 to 20% by weight additive. delete The method of claim 1,
The vegetable glue is an environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material of any one or two or more selected from seaweed, kelp, seaweed, radish starch, corn starch, starch starch, chaff powder, kelp, agar, hardwood and chip leaf powder. The method of claim 1,
The animal glue is gelatin, casein, environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching which is one or a mixture of two or more selected from collagen, mica powder, feldspar powder, diamond stone powder, pulp powder and mine powder, which are the main protein components of bone and leather of mammals. ashes. The method of claim 1,
The pigment is environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material of any one or two or more selected from squid ink, sesame charcoal liquid, sesame charcoal powder, animal blood and shellfish secretion. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the additive is volcanic stone powder, zeolite powder, silicate powder, water-soluble silicic acid, natural clam powder, mica or silicate aqueous solution, environmentally friendly biodegradable mulching material.

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