KR101311312B1 - Measuring apparatus for present visibility and weather equipped with different light - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, the light emitting diode (LED) and the laser (LD) are simultaneously projected by a light source to receive scattering and attenuation signals, thereby measuring visibility and current (current perforation), thereby improving accuracy and observation reliability of weather information and weather prediction. The present invention relates to a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility stream measuring device.
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measuring device according to the present invention, the measuring device for measuring the visibility and current at the same time, the first transmitter for generating an LED light source; A second transmitter for generating a laser light source; An LED light source projected on the particles in the air by the first transmitter and a laser light source projected on the particles in the air by the second transmitter are scattered and attenuated, respectively, and are configured to receive the scattered and attenuated LEDs and laser light sources. A bandpass filter configured to include a first receiver and a second receiver, wherein the first receiver and the second receiver include only a light having a limited frequency band; A lens for collecting the received light; And a photodiode for electrically converting the received light, wherein the first and second receivers each include a control unit for determining visibility and current based on scattered and attenuated signals of the received LED and the laser light source. The LED and the laser light source projected by the first and second transmitters are characterized in that the transmitter and receiver are arranged to be received by both the first and second receivers.

Description

Measuring apparatus for present visibility and weather equipped with different light}

The present invention relates to a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device and a measuring method, and more particularly, the light emitting diode (LED) and the laser (LD) simultaneously projected by a light source to receive scattering and attenuation signals to correct and correct ( The present invention relates to a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measuring device and a measuring method which can improve the accuracy and observation reliability of weather information and weather forecast by measuring current perforation.

The importance of weather information in terms of economic and industrial aspects has already become a matter of fact. Recently, we have been able to analyze and forecast weather phenomena with the successive weather changes such as heavy rains and guerrilla storms, And meteorological observation equipment and observation method which can provide more precise weather information and weather forecast by improving the technology for predicting and forecasting the climate are desperately required.

Visibility is a measure of the degree of turbidity of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface. During the daytime, the maximum distance by which a large distance object can be visually identified in the horizontal direction is the visibility in that direction. Visibility depends on the turbidity of suspended solids such as fog and dust in the atmosphere. The main cause of visibility disturbances is fog, yellow dust, precipitation, low clouds, etc. Has a huge impact on ship operations.

Hyuncheon is the term used to refer to the current Cheonggye (same as below). Precipitation particles (the meaning of 'precipitation particle' means the size and moving speed of water vapor including clouds, fog, etc. formed by condensation around the tuberculosis). In addition, forecasting current and future weather and climate by measuring and analyzing water concentration and direction.

Correct distance is difficult to measure accurately because of variables such as target size, shape, brightness, color, other background situations, and individual differences in vision. Therefore, in order to measure visibility, in the past, a target was set at a point where the distance is known in each direction, and the visibility is measured by visual observation based on the reference, or the brightness of the object and the background at a specific distance is measured. The visibility was measured from the contrast difference. Recently, a visibility meter is used to measure visibility. The visibility meter measures the visibility by measuring the scattered amount of the light source and the degree of attenuation of the light source while receiving an infrared light emitting diode light source from the light emitter.

Patent No. 951533 relates to a "contamination monitoring method in a visibility system and a visibility system for implementing the same." Briefly described with reference to FIG. 1, the scattered light emitted by the lens and scattered by foreign matter on the lens surface is briefly described. Compensation distance is calculated by measuring the light emitter 1 having a photo detector for measuring, the light receiver 2 receiving light emitted from the light emitter, and the amount of light emitted from the light emitter and the amount of light received from the light emitter. The controller 3 is configured to monitor the presence of foreign substances on the surface of the lens by using the scattered light measured by the photo detector of the light emitter and to adjust the current applied to the light emitter.

The visibility system calculates the attenuation of the scattered signal obtained by receiving the amount of light scattered from the particles by projecting an infrared LED, and calculates the correction, thereby compensating the amount scattered by the contaminants accumulated on the lens. Although there is still a problem that there may be an error in the measurement of the visibility, the visibility also calculates the amount of scattering by the particles, the visibility can be measured, but by measuring the size and the moving speed and direction of the particles There is a problem in that it is impossible to accurately measure the current state because the measurement principle is fundamentally different from the current state that predicts the current weather and climate.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is that the method of measuring with one light source has a limitation in improving the performance because the way of measuring the visibility and the current is different, Determine the visibility according to the scattering and attenuation signals received by projecting the LED light source, and at the same time project the laser light source (LD) to receive the scattering and attenuation signals to measure the size and velocity of the particles to determine the current state, and mutually It is to provide a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measuring device and measuring method that can provide more accurate weather information and weather forecast by enabling accurate analysis and prediction of weather phenomenon.

In order to solve the above problems, the heterogeneous light source fusion type current measuring device according to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the visibility and current at the same time, the first transmission unit for generating an LED light source; A second transmitter for generating a laser light source; An LED light source projected on the particles in the air by the first transmitter and a laser light source projected on the particles in the air by the second transmitter are scattered and attenuated, respectively, and are configured to receive the scattered and attenuated LEDs and laser light sources. A bandpass filter configured to include a first receiver and a second receiver, wherein the first receiver and the second receiver include only a light having a limited frequency band; A lens for collecting the received light; And a photodiode for electrically converting the received light, wherein the first and second receivers each include a control unit for determining visibility and current based on scattered and attenuated signals of the received LED and the laser light source. The LED and the laser light source projected by the first and second transmitters are characterized in that the transmitter and receiver are arranged to be received by both the first and second receivers.

Preferably, the first transmitting unit comprises an LED generating unit for generating an LED and a collimating lens disposed in front of the LED generating unit to make the projected light into parallel light, or the light reflected from the mirror surface is parallel light It is configured to include a parabolic mirror to be made and the LED generating unit is disposed in the focus of the parabolic mirror to generate an LED.

Preferably, the second transmitting unit includes a laser generating unit for generating a laser light source and a collimating lens disposed in front of the laser generating unit, and includes a rod lens between the laser generating unit and the collimating lens. A lens or a projection plate may be disposed, and a cylindrical lens may be disposed between the laser generating unit and the rod lens (or the projection plate).

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The heterogeneous light source fusion visibility measurement method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: generating an LED light source and a laser in the first and second transmitters, respectively; Receiving the scattered and attenuated signals from the first and second receivers by projecting the LED light source and the laser onto the particles in the air; Calculating visibility based on the scattering and attenuation signals of the received LED light source, and calculating the pulse size and width of the received laser to determine the current state from the particle size, speed, and precipitation type. And judging.

Preferably, the temperature and humidity data measured by the auxiliary sensor are added to the measured particle size, concentration, and precipitation type to correct the visibility and the current to improve accuracy.

The heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measuring device and measuring method according to the present invention having the above characteristics include LEDs, which are light sources suitable for visibility and judgment, respectively, for simultaneously measuring the visibility for measuring the transparency of the atmosphere and the current perforation. By simultaneously projecting laser light sources to receive and analyze scattered and attenuated signals, it is possible to improve observation accuracy and reliability, greatly improving the technology of predicting and forecasting weather and climate, and to accurately interpret and predict weather phenomena. It can provide weather information and weather forecast.

1 is a view schematically showing a conventional visibility system.
2 is a perspective view of a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing an embodiment of a first transmitting unit of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
4 is a view showing an embodiment of a second transmitting unit of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
5 is a view showing an embodiment of the first and second receivers of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
6 shows a Gunn-Kinzer diagram.

The most technical feature of the heterogeneous light source fusion type current measuring device and measuring method according to the present invention is that the method of measuring with one light source has a limitation in performance improvement because the methods of measuring the visibility and current are different. In addition, by projecting LED and laser light sources, which are suitable for correcting visibility and current judgment, the scattering and attenuation signals are received and analyzed, thereby improving accuracy of visibility and current.

Measuring apparatus for simultaneously measuring the visibility and the current according to the present invention, the first and second transmitters 11 and 12 for generating an LED and a laser light source, the first and second receivers for receiving the scattering and attenuation signals of the light source (21, 22), the control unit for analyzing and determining the scattered and attenuated signal received in the receiving unit in a basic configuration, the first and second transmitters (11, 12) of the light source projected to the particles in the atmosphere The transmitter and receiver are arranged so that scattering and attenuation signals can be received by both the first and second receivers 21 and 22. Reference numeral 30 is a support for supporting the transmitter 10 and the receiver 20.

The first transmitter 11 is configured to generate an LED light source, and the LED generator 111 and the light source generated by the LED generator are configured to make parallel rays of light through a lens or parabolic lens (concave lens). It is a light source for measuring visibility based on scattering and transmission method. Unlike laser, the light divergence angle is large so that the convex lens and concave lens are combined to make a light beam parallel to the area where the transmitted light does not spread and the signal is acquired. A collimating lens 112 is installed. Alternatively, when the divergence angle of the LED is large, the parabolic mirror 113, which is a type of concave mirror, may be used to condense the transmission light, and in this case, the LED generating unit 111 may be disposed at the focal point of the parabolic mirror to mirror the surface. Reflect the reflected LED light source at the sampling area to create parallel rays.

The first receiver 21 is configured to receive an LED light source projected from the first transmitter 11 and scattered and attenuated by particles. The first receiver 21 includes a photodiode 223. The light emitting diode is configured to include electrical energy. Photodiode is a kind of optical sensor that converts light energy into electrical energy. Of course, the second receiver 22 also receives scattered and attenuated signals of the LED light source projected by the first transmitter 11, and the first receiver 21 and the second receiver 22 have the same structure, and the first receiver is the same. The 21 and the second receivers 22 may be arranged two by two.

The second transmitter 12 generates a laser light source. The second transmitter 12 projects a laser light source onto the precipitation particles passing between the transmitter and the receiver, scans the precipitation particles one by one, measures the size and speed of the particles, and analyzes the current weather. Measure the type of precipitation (that is, the type of precipitation, rain, snow, hail, etc.).

The second transmitter 12 includes a laser generator 121 for generating a laser light source and a collimating lens 125 disposed in front of the laser generator 121 in a basic configuration. ) And a cylindrical rod lens 124 may be disposed between the collimating lens 125 or a projection plate (not shown) instead of the rod lens 124 to change the projected shape of the laser light source. In addition, a cylindrical lens 122 may be disposed between the laser generation unit 121 and the rod lens 124 to refract and transmit an incident laser beam. The cylindrical lens 122 is a lens having both busbars parallel to each other and having one surface flat and a cylindrical curved surface. The cylindrical lens 122 refracts light in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and proceeds. The collimation lens 125 is a combination of two lenses, which is to increase the utilization of the luminous flux, shorten the focal length, and prevent illusion of light from the outside.

A diffraction grating 123 may be further disposed between the cylindrical lens 122 and the rod lens 124, and the diffraction grating 123 divides light into layers by diffracting light rays.

Although the second receiver 22 also receives scattered and attenuated signals of the LED light source projected by the first transmitter 11, the laser light source is also projected from the second transmitter 12 and scattered and attenuated by the particles. In a configuration for receiving, the lens 221 for collecting the received light source, the bandpass filter (222) and the bandpass to pass only the light of a limited frequency band by filtering the light collected through the lens 221 And a photodiode 223 for electrically converting the light received from the filter 222. Herein, the lens 221 may be any lens as long as the lens can collect a light source such as a planoconvex lens. In addition, the lens 221 and the band pass filter 222 may change positions. When the band pass filter 222 is disposed directly in front of the photodiode 223, the lens 221 and the band pass filter 222 may be different from the rays passing through the band pass filter 222. The band pass filter 222 and the photodiode 223 should be bonded to prevent light from entering.

The control unit (not shown) is configured to determine the visibility and current based on the scattering and attenuation signals of the received LED and the laser light source in the first and second receivers 21 and 22. There is also a modulating function to change, and if there are precipitation particles, the scattered light pulses generated by the precipitation particles are acquired and the magnitude and width of the pulses are measured by a high speed signal acquisition circuit. Since the magnitude of the obtained pulse is proportional to the size of the precipitation particle, the size of the precipitation particle is measured through the pulse size. In addition, the width of the pulse is determined by the falling speed of the precipitation particles. The pulse width is narrow because the fast falling particles pass the transmission light for a short time, and the pulse width is narrow because the slow falling particles have long time to pass the transmission light. This widens. In other words, by measuring the width of the pulse can determine the speed of the precipitation particles.

Since the size and velocity of the precipitation particles are different during precipitation, the pulses generated at the receiver are analyzed at high speed to store the measured size and width of each pulse in memory to create a speed table according to the size of the precipitation particles. Gunn-Kinzer studied that the size and velocity of the precipitation particles depend on the type of precipitation, and created a diagram of the size and velocity distribution of the precipitation particles (see Figure 6). Distinguish between fog, rain, snow and hail. Therefore, the size and velocity tables of the precipitation particles obtained are compared with the Gunn-Kinzer diagram, and the shape of the precipitation particles is distinguished accordingly.

In the case of visibility measurement, the correction is obtained by using the attenuation signal and the scattering signal. When the light from the first transmitter passes between the transmitter and the receiver, the output of the attenuated light is measured by the first receiver, and the attenuation degree is obtained. You can get it.

Where F is the attenuated signal size, Fo is the signal strength of the transmitted light, σ is the extinction coefficient, T is the transmittance, and x is the distance through which light passes. When the dissipation factor is obtained from the above equation, the meteorological optical range is calculated by the following equation.

A method of obtaining visibility through a scattering signal is obtained by using a scattering angle function. Assuming that the scattering signal is acquired at an angle of 30 degrees of forward scattering, the obtained signal is as follows.

Where I (θ) is the scattering angle function, L is the distance from the scattering region to the receiver, and x = ln (F). The a value and the value of b are obtained by using the measured value of x and the measured value compared with other devices, and the calibration curve is prepared based on the value of the dissipation factor. Once you have a dissipation factor, convert it to visibility using the equation above.

Because the degree of attenuation and forward scattering characteristics may be different depending on the state of the atmosphere or the type of precipitation particles, it is possible to calculate the corrected correction more than the method of relying only one signal by mutually compensating the value obtained through the attenuation and the value of forward scattering. do.

In the heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement method according to the present invention, generating the LED light source and the laser in the first and second transmitters, respectively, the LED light source and the laser is projected to the particles in the air scattered and attenuated LED and laser Receiving the light source at the first and second receivers, calculating the correction based on the scattered and attenuated signals of the received LED light source, calculating the pulse size and width of the scattered and attenuated signal of the received laser to calculate the particle size, The visibility and the current are judged by measuring the current from the speed and precipitation type (type).

In the step of measuring the current, the particle size is measured by the scattered pulse size, the particle concentration is measured by the number of scattered pulses, the velocity of the particle is measured by the scattered pulse width, and the measured particle size is measured. Precipitation is measured by concentration, type of precipitation and precipitation, and the temperature and humidity data measured by the auxiliary sensor are added to correct the visibility and current measurement to increase accuracy.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical features of the present invention and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the specification of the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention but to explain, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: transmitting unit 11: first transmitting unit
111: LED generator 112: collimating lens
113: parabolic mirror 12: second transmission unit
121: laser generating unit 122: cylindrical lens (cylindrical lens)
123: diffraction grating 124: rod lens
125: collimating lens
20: receiver 21: first receiver
22: second receiving unit 221: lens
222: bandpass filter 223: photodiode
30: Support

Claims (12)

In the measuring device for measuring visibility and current at the same time,
The measuring device including a transmitter for generating and projecting a light source and a receiver for receiving the light source,
A first transmitter for generating an LED light source;
A second transmitter for generating a laser light source;
An LED light source projected on the particles in the air by the first transmitter and a laser light source projected on the particles in the air by the second transmitter are scattered and attenuated, respectively, and are configured to receive the scattered and attenuated LEDs and laser light sources. First and second receivers;
It is configured to include, wherein the first receiver and the second receiver, respectively,
A bandpass filter for passing only light of a limited range of frequency bands;
A lens for collecting the received light;
A photodiode for electrically converting the received light;
The first and second receivers are provided with a control unit for determining the visibility and the current state based on the scattering and attenuation signals of the received LED and the laser light source, respectively, and projected by the first and second transmitters. The LED and the laser light source is a heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that the transmitting and receiving unit is arranged to be received by both the first and second receivers.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first transmitter,
LED generating unit for generating an LED;
A collimating lens disposed in front of the LED generator to make the projected light into parallel light;
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that comprising a.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first transmitter,
A parabolic mirror which makes the light reflected from the mirror surface into parallel rays;
An LED generator arranged at a focal point of the parabolic mirror to generate an LED;
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that comprising a.
The method of claim 1, wherein the second transmitting unit,
A laser generator for generating a laser light source;
A collimating lens disposed in front of the laser generating unit;
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that comprising a.
5. The method of claim 4,
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that the rod lens (rod lens) is further disposed between the laser generating unit and the collimating lens.
5. The method of claim 4,
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device characterized in that the projection plate is further disposed between the laser generating unit and the collimating lens.
The method of claim 5,
A heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that a cylindrical lens (cylindrical lens) is further disposed between the laser generator and the rod lens.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Heterogeneous light source fusion type visibility measurement device, characterized in that the diffraction grating is further disposed between the cylindrical lens and the rod lens.
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