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KR101266256B1 - A laser welding method - Google Patents

A laser welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101266256B1
KR101266256B1 KR1020100138910A KR20100138910A KR101266256B1 KR 101266256 B1 KR101266256 B1 KR 101266256B1 KR 1020100138910 A KR1020100138910 A KR 1020100138910A KR 20100138910 A KR20100138910 A KR 20100138910A KR 101266256 B1 KR101266256 B1 KR 101266256B1
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South Korea
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laser
steel sheets
coupling
laser welding
welding
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KR1020100138910A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20120077082A (en
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이문용
송병선
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주식회사 성우하이텍
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/21Bonding by welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • B23K37/04Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435Clamps
    • B23K37/0443Jigs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18Sheet panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04Steel or steel alloys

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

레이저 접합방법이 개시된다. 본 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법은 두 강판의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양으로 결합단부로 형성하여 지그 상에 안착시키는 단계; 상기 지그 상에 안착된 두 강판의 상호 결합단부를 맞물려 결합하여 결합부를 형성하는 단계; 및 상기 두 강판의 결합부에 레이저빔을 조사하여 레이저 용접을 진행하는 단계를 포함한다.  A laser bonding method is disclosed. Laser joining method according to the present embodiment comprises the steps of forming the mating surface of the two steel sheets with each other in the coupling end to the jig to be seated on the jig; Engaging the mutual coupling ends of the two steel plates seated on the jig to form a coupling part; And irradiating a laser beam to a coupling portion of the two steel sheets to perform laser welding.

Figure R1020100138910
Figure R1020100138910

Description

레이저 접합방법{A LASER WELDING METHOD} Laser bonding method {A LASER WELDING METHOD}

본 발명은 레이저 접합방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 입체형 강판의 맞대기 레이저 용접 시, 맞대는 면을 맞물림 형상으로 형성하여 용접부 인장강도를 향상시키는 레이저 접합방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a laser bonding method, and more particularly, to a laser bonding method for improving the tensile strength of a weld by forming a butt face in an engagement shape during butt laser welding of a three-dimensional steel sheet.

일반적으로 두 강판을 상호 맞대기 접합하기 위해서는 레이저 발진기로부터 출력되는 레이저빔을 이용한 레이저 용접이 주로 적용된다.In general, in order to butt-bond two steel sheets to each other, laser welding using a laser beam output from a laser oscillator is mainly applied.

도 1에서는 일반적인 레이저 용접 시스템에 의한 레이저 용접 공정도로써, 상기한 레이저빔(LB)을 이용한 두 강판을 맞대기 용접하기 위해서는 로봇(1)의 아암(3) 선단에 레이저 헤드(5)를 설치하고, 이 레이저 헤드(5)는 레이저 발진기(7)와 연결되는 레이저 용접 시스템을 구비하여, 로봇 제어기(C)를 통하여 거동하는 로봇(1)에 의해 상기 레이저 헤드(5)가, 도 2에서 도시한 바와 같이, 지그(11) 상에 맞대어진 두 강판(9)의 용접선(L)을 따라 이동하면서 레이저빔(LB)을 조사하여 용접작업을 진행하게 된다. 1 shows a laser welding process diagram using a general laser welding system. In order to butt-weld two steel sheets using the laser beam LB, a laser head 5 is installed at the tip of the arm 3 of the robot 1. This laser head 5 has a laser welding system connected to the laser oscillator 7 so that the laser head 5 is shown in FIG. 2 by a robot 1 that behaves through the robot controller C. FIG. As described above, the welding operation is performed by irradiating the laser beam LB while moving along the welding line L of the two steel plates 9 butted on the jig 11.

그런데, 상기한 레이저 용접을 통하여 2장의 강판(9)을 용접하는 경우, 그 맞대어진 면이 일직선이고 소재가 평판인 경우에는 레이저 용접이 용이하나, 차체 패널과 같이 입체형상의 판재이거나 맞대어진 면이 곡선인 경우에는 두 강판(9)의 맞대어진 면의 갭(GAP) 제어가 어려워 용접불량 현상이 빈번하게 발생하는 문제점이 있다. By the way, when the two sheets of steel sheet 9 are welded through the above-described laser welding, when the butt face is straight and the material is a flat plate, the laser welding is easy, but the three-dimensional plate or the butt face like the body panel is In the case of a curved line, it is difficult to control a gap (GAP) of the butted surfaces of the two steel sheets 9, so that a poor welding phenomenon occurs frequently.

따라서 본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위하여 발명된 것으로, 본 발명이 해결하려는 과제는 입체형 강판의 맞대기 레이저 용접 시, 맞대는 면을 맞물림 형상으로 결합하고, 상기 결합부의 폭 이상으로 레이저 초점을 지그재그 패턴으로 조사하여 용접품질을 보장하고, 용접부의 인장강도를 향상시키는 레이저 접합방법을 제공하는 것이다. Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the problems as described above, the problem to be solved by the present invention, when the butt laser welding of the three-dimensional steel sheet, the mating surface is engaged in the engagement shape, and the laser focus more than the width of the coupling portion It is to provide a laser bonding method to ensure the welding quality by improving the zigzag pattern to improve the tensile strength of the weld.

상기한 바와 같은 기술적 과제를 실현하기 위한 본 발명의 레이저 접합방법은 두 강판의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양으로 결합단부로 형성하여 지그 상에 안착시키는 단계; 상기 지그 상에 안착된 두 강판의 상호 결합단부를 맞물려 결합하여 결합부를 형성하는 단계; 및 상기 두 강판의 결합부에 레이저빔을 조사하여 레이저 용접을 진행하는 단계를 포함한다. Laser joining method of the present invention for realizing the technical problem as described above is the step of forming a mating end portion of the two steel sheets butting mutually opposite surfaces to be mounted on the jig; Engaging the mutual coupling ends of the two steel plates seated on the jig to form a coupling part; And irradiating a laser beam to a coupling portion of the two steel sheets to perform laser welding.

상기 두 강판은 일정한 형상을 갖는 입체형 강판으로 형성될 수 있다.The two steel sheets may be formed of a three-dimensional steel sheet having a predetermined shape.

또한, 상기 두 강판은 서로 두께가 다른 강판이 적용될 수 있다. In addition, the two steel sheets may be applied to steel sheets having different thicknesses.

또한, 상기 레이저 용접은 상기 결합부에 대하여 결합부의 폭 이상의 일정폭으로 지그재그 패턴을 그리며 레이저 초점이 조사되도록 하여 용접 진행될 수 있다.Also, the laser welding may be performed by drawing a zigzag pattern with a predetermined width or more with respect to the coupling portion and irradiating a laser focus.

또한, 상기 레이저 용접의 용접열원은 연속파 Nd:YAG 레이저빔을 적용할 수 있다. In addition, the welding heat source of the laser welding may be applied to the continuous wave Nd: YAG laser beam.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 레이저 접합방법에 의하면, 입체형 강판의 상호 맞대기 레이저 용접 시, 두 강판의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양과 같이 맞물림 형상으로 결합하고, 상기 결합부의 맞물림 폭 이상으로 레이저 초점을 지그재그 패턴으로 조사하여 용접품질을 확보할 수 있다. As described above, according to the laser joining method according to the present invention, in the butt-welding laser welding of the three-dimensional steel sheet, the surfaces of the two steel sheets are coupled to each other in the shape of teeth, and the laser focus is greater than or equal to the engagement width of the coupling portion. The welding quality can be secured by irradiating with a zigzag pattern.

또한, 용접부를 넓게 형성함으로써 용접부의 인장강도를 향상시키는 효과가 있다. In addition, it is effective to improve the tensile strength of the weld by forming a wide weld.

도 1은 일반적인 레이저 용접 시스템에 의한 맞대기 레이저 용접 공정도이다.
도 2는 도 1의 맞대기 레이저 용접 공정도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법에 따르는 대표 공정도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법에 의한 단계별 공정도이다.
도 5와 도 6은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법의 단계별 공정 확대도이다.
1 is a butt laser welding process diagram by a general laser welding system.
FIG. 2 is a butt laser welding process diagram of FIG. 1.
3 is a representative process diagram according to the laser bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a step-by-step process diagram by a laser bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are enlarged step-by-step process of the laser bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조로 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법에 따르는 대표 공정도이고, 도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법에 의한 단계별 공정도이다.3 is a representative process diagram according to the laser bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a step-by-step process diagram by the laser bonding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

본 실시예에 따른 레이저 접합방법은 2장의 입체형 강판(20,30)의 상호 맞대기 레이저 용접을 위한 것으로, 도 3에서 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 각 강판(20,30)의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양으로 형성하여 맞물림 형상으로 결합하고, 상기 결합부(C)의 맞물림 폭 이상으로 레이저빔(LB)의 초점을 지그재그 패턴으로 조사하여 레이저 용접을 진행한다.The laser bonding method according to the present embodiment is for butt-welding laser welding of two three-dimensional steel sheets 20 and 30, and as shown in FIG. It is formed in a shape and coupled to the engagement shape, and the laser welding is performed by irradiating the focus of the laser beam LB in a zigzag pattern more than the engagement width of the coupling portion (C).

이때, 상기 두 강판(20,30)은 일정한 형상을 갖는 입체형 강판일 수 있으나, 평판인 경우에도 적용될 수 있으며, 상기 두 강판(20,30)의 두께는 같거나 서로 다른 경우에도 적용될 수 있다. In this case, the two steel sheets 20 and 30 may be three-dimensional steel sheets having a predetermined shape, but may also be applied to a flat plate, and the thicknesses of the two steel sheets 20 and 30 may be the same or different.

이하, 도 4를 참조하여, 상기한 레이저 접합방법을 보다 구체적으로 설명한다. Hereinafter, the laser bonding method described above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.

상기 레이저 접합방법은 먼저, 도 4의 S1에서와 같이, 두 강판(20,30)의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양의 형상으로 절개된 결합단부(S)로 형성하여 지그(J) 상에 안착시킨다.In the laser bonding method, first, as shown in S1 of FIG. 4, the mutually opposing surfaces of the two steel sheets 20 and 30 are formed as a coupling end portion S cut in a sawtooth shape and seated on the jig J. Let's do it.

이어서, 도 4의 S2에서와 같이, 상기 지그(J) 상에 안착된 두 강판(20,30)의 결합단부(S)를 서로 결합하여 결합부(C)를 형성한다. Subsequently, as shown in S2 of FIG. 4, the coupling ends C of the two steel plates 20 and 30 seated on the jig J are coupled to each other to form a coupling part C.

즉, 도 5에서 도시한 바와 같이, 두 강판(20,30)의 결합단부(S)에 형성된 톱니모양의 형상을 서로 끼워서 맞물린 상태로 결합부(C)를 형성한다. That is, as shown in Figure 5, the coupling portion (C) is formed in the state in which the sawtooth shape formed in the coupling end portions (S) of the two steel sheets (20, 30) are sandwiched with each other.

이때, 상기 결합단부(S)의 형상은 완전한 톱니모양일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 곡면으로 형성되는 돌출단과 홈의 연속적인 형상으로 형성될 수 있다. At this time, the shape of the coupling end (S) may be a perfect sawtooth, but is not limited to this, it may be formed in a continuous shape of the protruding end and the groove formed in a curved surface.

이와 같이, 두 강판(20,30)의 결합단부(S)를 맞물려 결합부(C)를 형성한 상태로, 도 4의 S3에서와 같이, 상기 두 강판(20,30)의 결합부(C)에 대하여 레이저빔(LB)을 조사하여 레이저 용접을 진행한다.As such, in the state in which the coupling end C of the two steel plates 20 and 30 is engaged to form the coupling part C, as shown in S3 of FIG. 4, the coupling part C of the two steel plates 20 and 30. ) Is irradiated with the laser beam LB to perform laser welding.

이때, 상기 레이저 용접은, 도 6에서 도시한 바와 같이, 상기 결합부(C)에 대하여 결합부(C)의 폭(Wd1) 이상의 일정폭(Wd2)으로 지그재그 패턴을 그리며 레이저 초점이 조사되도록 하여 용접이 진행된다. At this time, the laser welding, as shown in Figure 6, to draw a zigzag pattern with a predetermined width (Wd2) or more of the width (Wd1) of the coupling portion (C) with respect to the coupling portion (C) so that the laser focus is irradiated Welding proceeds.

여기서, 상기 레이저 용접의 용접열원은 연속파 Nd:YAG 레이저빔을 적용할 수 있다.Here, the welding heat source of the laser welding may be applied to the continuous wave Nd: YAG laser beam.

따라서 상기한 바와 같은 레이저 접합방법을 통하여 입체형 강판(20,30)의 상호 맞대기 레이저 용접을 진행하게 되면, 두 강판(20,30)이 차체 패널과 같이 입체형상의 판재이거나 맞대어진 면이 곡선인 경우에도 맞대어진 면의 갭(GAP) 제어가 쉬워지며, 상호 결합부(C)의 폭(Wd1) 이상의 일정폭(Wd2)으로 레이저 초점을 지그재그 패턴으로 조사함으로써 용접품질을 보장할 수 있다. Therefore, when the butt laser welding of the three-dimensional steel sheets 20 and 30 is performed through the laser bonding method as described above, the two steel sheets 20 and 30 are three-dimensional plates, such as a vehicle body panel, or abutted surfaces are curved. Also, the gap GAP of the facing surface can be easily controlled, and the welding quality can be ensured by irradiating the laser focus in a zigzag pattern with a predetermined width Wd2 equal to or greater than the width Wd1 of the mutual coupling portion C.

또한, 용접부가 넓게 형성되어 용접부의 인장강도를 높일 수 있다.In addition, the welded portion is formed wide, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the welded portion.

이상과 같이, 본 발명은 한정된 실시 예와 도면을 통하여 설명되었으나, 본 발명은 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의해 본 발명의 기술 사상과 아래에 기재된 특허청구범위의 균등범위 내에서 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능하다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

20,30: 강판
C: 결합부
S: 결합단부
J: 지그
20,30: steel plate
C: coupling part
S: coupling end
J: jig

Claims (6)

일정한 형상을 갖는 입체형상의 두께가 다른 두 강판의 상호 맞대는 면을 톱니모양으로 결합단부로 형성하여 지그 상에 안착시키는 단계;
상기 지그 상에 안착된 두 강판의 상호 결합단부를 맞물려 결합하여 결합부를 형성하는 단계;
상기 두 강판의 결합부에 대하여 결합부의 폭 이상의 일정폭으로 지그재그 패턴을 그리며 레이저 초점이 조사되도록 하여 레이저 용접을 진행하는 단계를 포함하는 레이저 접합방법.
Forming mutually opposing surfaces of two steel sheets having different thicknesses having three-dimensional shapes having a predetermined shape as a sawtooth-shaped coupling end and seating on a jig;
Engaging the mutual coupling ends of the two steel plates seated on the jig to form a coupling part;
Laser welding method comprising the step of irradiating the laser focus by drawing a zigzag pattern with a predetermined width or more of the width of the coupling portion with respect to the coupling portion of the two steel sheets.
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JP2003220489A (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-08-05 Fine Device:Kk Device and method for laser beam machining
JP2008149330A (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-07-03 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd Laser welding joint and joined body

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003220489A (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-08-05 Fine Device:Kk Device and method for laser beam machining
JP2008149330A (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-07-03 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd Laser welding joint and joined body

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