KR101244372B1 - Longithdinal ventilation and transverse smoke control system using the auto open and shut damper and operating methods of a same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a type ventilation and a cross-flow type ventilation control device using an automatic switching damper, and a method of operating the device. The combined type ventilation and cross flow type ventilation system using the automatic opening / closing damper according to an aspect of the present invention is for ventilation and ventilation in a tunnel, and is divided into a partition along a tunnel length direction. The vertical shaft and the wind is divided into the supply side and the exhaust side on the basis of the partition which is in contact with the outside, and the vertical shaft communicating with the outside, and the partition wall crossing the center of the vertical shaft and the partition damper installed at the tip of the partition. Flue gas dampers provided at regular intervals on the wall separating and separating the wind and wind, A wind damper provided at the air supply side and the exhaust side winds away from the partition damper, respectively, a partition damper adjacent to the wind damper and the wall between the wind damper The gist of the present invention is made up of an air supply damper and an exhaust damper provided at the main assembly.

Description

Longitudinal ventilation and transverse smoke control system using the auto open and shut damper and operating methods of a same}

The present invention relates to a type ventilation and a cross-flow type ventilation combined use device using an automatic opening and closing damper for ventilation and dehumidification in a tunnel. Combined type of ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control system using automatic opening / closing damper which can realize the deodorization by the cross-flow type which rapidly discharges toxic gas due to the fire by using the wind speed at the top of the tunnel only in case of a fire, etc. And a method of operating the device.

The ventilation system of the road tunnel plays an important role in creating a safe evacuation environment in the event of a vehicle fire in the tunnel. In addition, by continuously supplying fresh air and forced discharge or dilution of pollutants, it plays a very important role in maintaining comfort in the tunnel below the allowable concentration and ensuring comfort and safe driving environment. If the air pollution degree of the tunnel is high, it is difficult to secure visibility, and may cause incomplete combustion of the vehicle or hypoxia.

Ventilation in tunnels mainly targets graphite, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) contained in vehicle exhaust gas, and calculates the required ventilation considering the tunnel area, terrain, and length, and meets the required ventilation volume. Select and apply a suitable ventilation method. Commonly known tunnel ventilation systems are roughly classified into longitudinal ventilation systems and transverse ventilation systems.

Kind type is the way to use the roadway in the tunnel (windway), cross-flow type is a way to ventilate by forming a separate wind (windway) on the upper part of the tunnel. The type ventilation system is mainly used in the one-way tunnel where the vehicle travels in one direction and can effectively use the traffic ventilation power. The cross-flow ventilation method effectively uses the traffic ventilation power by the intersection of the vehicle like the two-way face-to-face tunnel. Mainly applied where difficult to do.

1 and 2 are each a typical example of the conventional type and cross-flow type ventilation system, Figures 1 (a) and (b) is a vertical ventilation system with shaft and central fans (longitudinal ventilation system with shaft and central fans) Fig. 2 (a), (b), (c) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view for the transverse ventilation system AA line and It is a schematic sectional drawing seen from the BB line direction, respectively.

Looking at the type of ventilation method first, the type of vertical shaft air supply and exhaust of Figure 1 is to form a supply / exhaust vertical shaft (3a) (3b) at a distance suitable to meet the required ventilation amount according to the tunnel length and cross-sectional area, the supply side vertical shaft ( The fresh air from outside is continuously supplied through 3a), and through the vertical shaft 3b of the exhaust side, pollutants in the tunnel can be forced out through the transportation ventilation force. (3c) may be additionally installed.

As described above briefly, the type of ventilation system as shown in FIG. 1 does not require a separate air temperature by using a roadway as a cross direction, unlike a cross flow type, and thus, there is an advantage in that a ventilation system can be constructed at a low construction cost with low tunnel loss. . However, when a fire occurs at a point far from the vertical shaft, there is a problem that effective smoke is not performed, such as the smoke caused by the fire is diffused in the tunnel, and thus there is a fear of increasing human and material damage.

Next, the cross-flow ventilation method of Figure 2, the cross-flow ventilation method of Figure 2 forms a wind (2) in the upper portion of the tunnel by using a fire-resistant wall and the like separate from the main tunnel, supplying fresh air through the air supply (4) Ventilation is realized by discharging contaminated air to the exhaust port 5, and in case of a fire or the like, the toxic gas is discharged to the exhaust port 5, and the air supply port 4 is switched to the exhaust port 5, if necessary, so as to quickly produce toxic gas. Emissions can be made.

As mentioned above, the cross-flow ventilation method is advantageous for a large-area bi-directional tunnel that is difficult to use traffic ventilation, and can be prevented from spreading toxic gases in the tunnel by allowing rapid dehumidification in the event of a fire due to the separately formed airway. There is an advantage. However, due to the air quality, tunnel cross-sectional loss is large, costly construction, as well as long air is required, in particular, there is a disadvantage in economic terms such as a lot of maintenance costs.

[Patent Document 1]

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-0025382

[Patent Document 2]

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1086118

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a device that can be a parallel type and cross flow type, by reducing the cost for maintenance of the ventilation facility by implementing the ventilation in the normal type, switch to cross flow type in case of fire It is to provide a type ventilation and cross-flow type of smoke control apparatus using an automatic opening and closing damper that can achieve a quick smoke treatment.

According to an aspect of the present invention as a means for solving the problem, for ventilation and ventilation in the tunnel, the wind along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and partitioned and separated from the tunnel, the air flow through the outside The vertical shaft and the wind is divided into the air supply side and the exhaust side based on the partition wall which crosses the center of the vertical shaft and the partition damper installed at the distal end of the vertical shaft, and the air gap is divided into the air supply side and the exhaust side. A flue gas damper installed at the air conditioner, a wind damper installed at each of the air supply side and the exhaust side airway separated from the partition damper, a partition damper adjacent to the wind damper, and an air supply damper and an exhaust damper installed at the wall between the wind damper. It provides a type of ventilation and cross-flow smoke control combined devices using an automatic opening and closing damper.

In the present embodiment, the tunnel may be a one-way tunnel, and the exhaust side airway may be positioned in advance of the intake side airway based on the vehicle traveling direction.

In addition, the bulkhead damper is normally in a closed position for dividing the vertical shaft and the wind into the air supply side and the exhaust side, and the air supply side and the exhaust side wind damper separated by a predetermined distance from the partition damper are also in the closed position, The air supply damper and the exhaust damper can be implemented in the open position in the type of ventilation.

When the type of ventilation is implemented as described above, it is preferable that the flue gas damper located between the partition wall damper, the air supply damper, and the exhaust damper is in a closed position.

In case of a fire unlike usual, in case of a fire in a section in which the air supply side air temperature is located, the partition damper and the air supply side wind damper are opened, and the exhaust side wind damper, the exhaust damper and the air supply damper are in the closed position. By switching, only some of the flue dampers located in the air supply side wind section of the fire out of the flue dampers on the wall can be opened by the cross-flow concentrated intensive ventilation.

On the contrary, in the event of a fire in a section in which the exhaust side air temperature is located, the exhaust side wind damper is switched to the open position, the air supply side wind damper, the air supply damper and the exhaust damper are switched to the closed position, and the flue gas damper on the wall. Since only a part of the flue dampers located in the exhaust side wind section of the heavy fire has been opened, cross-intensive intensive dehumidification can be realized.

Preferably, when a fire occurs, the switch from the open position to the closed position or the closed position to the open position of the dampers may be automatically operated in conjunction with the fire detection means installed at every interval in the tunnel.

As another preferred example, in the event of a fire, the switching of the dampers from the open position to the closed position or from the closed position to the open position may be controlled by remote control of the tunnel control station.

In addition, when only a part of the flue dampers located in the fire section are opened so that concentrated flue gas is implemented, the air supply damper located in the section where the fire has occurred is opened, and the exhaust dampers in the section where the fire has occurred and other sections adjacent to the front are closed. Preferably, the wind turbine section for flue gas can be restricted by two exhaust dampers in neighboring sections.

In the type of ventilation and cross flow type ventilation combined use apparatus using the automatic opening and closing damper according to the one side as described above, the air supply side and the air side side of the neighboring devices are repeated along the length of the tunnel so as to be separated from each other through the partition bulkhead. Can be arranged continuously.

According to another aspect of the present invention as a means of solving the problem,

Ⅰ) Normally, the bulkhead damper, air supply side and exhaust side wind dampers and flue gas dampers are closed, and the air supply damper and exhaust damper are opened, so that fresh external air introduced through the air supply vertical shaft is provided to the tunnel through the air supply damper, The soot inside is ventilated in a kind manner so that it can escape to the outside through the vertical shaft through the exhaust damper,

Ii) If a fire occurs in the section where the air supply side air is located, the bulkhead damper, the air supply side wind damper and some flue gas dampers located on the air supply side are opened, and the air supply damper and the exhaust damper are closed to prevent toxic gas in the tunnel. Provides a method of operating a type of ventilation and cross-flow smoke control combined devices using an automatic opening and closing damper, characterized in that the cross-flow type of smoke to be forced out into the wind through the exhaust gas damper to be forced out to the outside through the vertical shaft. do.

As another preferred example of another aspect of the present invention as a solution to the problem,

Ⅰ) Normally, the bulkhead damper, air supply side and exhaust side wind dampers and flue gas dampers are closed, and the air supply damper and exhaust damper are opened, so that fresh external air introduced through the air supply vertical shaft is provided to the tunnel through the air supply damper, The soot inside is ventilated in a kind manner so that it can escape to the outside through the vertical shaft through the exhaust damper,

Ii) When a fire occurs in the section where the exhaust side air is located, open the exhaust side wind damper and some flue gas dampers located on the exhaust side, and close the bulkhead damper, the air supply damper, and the exhaust damper to close the toxic gas in the tunnel. Operating method of the type ventilation and cross flow type combined use device using the automatic opening / closing damper, which is forced to flow into the wind direction side through the flue gas damper so that it can be exhausted to the outside through the vertical shaft of the exhaust side. to provide.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is made of a configuration that can be parallel to the type and cross-flow type, it is possible to reduce the overall cost for maintenance of the ventilation facilities through the normal type ventilation, and similar situations, such as fire In case of occurrence, concentrated smoke is carried out through the flue gas damper close to the fire point, which is converted into a cross-flow type, so that rapid dehumidification can be achieved, thereby minimizing physical and human damages caused by the spread of toxic gases.

In addition, although the airflow is required for cross-flow ventilation, unlike the conventional cross-flow ventilation system, it is possible to provide a rapid response only in case of an emergency such as a fire that is not a wind for air supply and exhaust for ventilation purposes. Because it is a flue-only airway formed for flue gas treatment, the wind area does not have to be large, and thus, in implementing the cross-flow type, it is possible to minimize the loss of the tunnel cross section for wind formation and to reduce the construction cost.

1 is a view showing a typical example of the conventional type ventilation system, longitudinal and lateral schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical ventilation system (longitudinal ventilation system with shaft and central fans).
Figure 2 is a view showing a representative example of a conventional cross-flow ventilation system, longitudinal and lateral schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse ventilation system (transverse ventilation system).
Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view for showing the overall overview of the type of ventilation and cross-flow type ventilation combined use apparatus using an automatic opening and closing damper according to an aspect of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a side schematic view of the type ventilation and cross-flow smoke control combined with the automatic opening and closing damper shown in FIG.
Figure 5 is an operating state of the present invention showing a state of implementing the ventilation in the road tunnel in the vertical vertical gangjae exhaust type.
6 to 9 is a view showing a state of implementing the smoke in the road tunnel in a cross-flow when a fire occurs,
6 and 7 are a longitudinal sectional view and a schematic perspective view showing the cross-flow type smoke treatment in the event of a fire in a section in which the air supply side air freshness is located.
8 and 9 are a longitudinal sectional view and a schematic perspective view showing the cross-flow type smoke elimination treatment in the event of a fire in a section in which the exhaust side airway is located.
10 is a view showing a preferred embodiment for the transition from type to cross flow in the event of a fire.
11 is a view showing another preferred embodiment for the transition from type to cross flow in the event of a fire.
12 is a view for showing the operation of the device in the event of a fire in some sections of the tunnel to which the device according to the present invention is applied.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, a detailed description of known configurations will be omitted, and a detailed description of configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

Ventilation and dehumidification device according to the present invention is a ventilation and dehumidification device that can be switched from the cross-type to the cross-type back to the type depending on the situation, by reducing the maintenance cost by implementing the type of ventilation using the tunnel in the usual times In the event of a fire, it is possible to achieve rapid discharge while minimizing the spread of smoke through the cross-flow type ventilation using the wind speed.

Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view for showing the overall overview of the type-type ventilation and cross-flow smoke control combined use apparatus using the automatic opening and closing damper according to an aspect of the present invention, Figure 4 is a type ventilation using the automatic opening and closing damper shown in Figure 3 And a side schematic view of a crossflow type smoke control combination device. First, the overall configuration of the type-type ventilation and cross flow type ventilation apparatus using the automatic opening / closing damper according to an aspect of the present invention will be described first.

Combined type ventilation and cross-flow smoke control system using automatic open / close damper

3 to 4, the apparatus according to the present invention is configured to combine the cross-flow configuration in which the flue gaseous wind 20 is formed in the type-type configuration having a vertical shaft 30 for the air flow in and out. The airway 20 is along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 10 and is separated from the tunnel 10 as shown in the drawing, and the vertical shaft 30 communicates with the outside and communicates with the airway 20. Although not shown in the drawings, the inlet and outlet of the vertical shaft 30 communicating with the outside are provided with an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, respectively.

The airway 20 is preferably separated and partitioned by a plate-like wall 15 separating and separating the tunnel 10 and the airway 20 as shown in the upper part of the tunnel 10 which is advantageous for ventilation and ventilation. There is no particular limitation as long as the air forms a closed passage through which air flows along a predetermined path without diffusion of smoke, such as a duct. Therefore, it is noted that the drawings are not limited to the structures and shapes shown.

The vertical shaft 30 corresponds to an inlet and an outlet through which fresh air from the outside is introduced and substantial discharge of contaminated air in the tunnel 10 is made. The vertical shaft 30 is formed to be perpendicular to the wind direction 20 in the horizontal direction as shown in the drawing, or depending on the terrain in which the tunnel 10 is formed, but not shown is formed to be perpendicular to the vertical direction in the wind direction 20 Can be. Of course, it may be formed to be somewhat inclined close to the vertical in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction relative to the wind degree 20.

In the center of the vertical shaft 30, the partition wall 35 is installed along the vertical shaft 30 in the longitudinal direction to divide and partition the vertical shaft 30 into two spaces. One of the vertical shaft 30 divided into two spaces becomes the air supply side vertical shaft 30a and the other one becomes the exhaust side vertical shaft 30b. An inlet fan and an exhaust fan are respectively installed at the inlet of the air supply side vertical shaft 30 communicating with the outside, and an air supply fan and an exhaust fan are respectively sucked in to draw fresh air from outside and forcibly discharge contaminated air in the tunnel.

In this case, the air supply fan and the exhaust fan are not only at the inlet and the outlet of the vertical shaft 30 communicating with the outside, but also two or more at regular intervals within a passage forming the vertical shaft 30 depending on the length of the vertical shaft 30 and the capacity of the fan. Of course, it can also be installed in the form of a serial arrangement. In addition, a configuration in which the air supply and exhaust side vertical shafts 30a and 30b are separately formed may be included in the scope of the present invention, rather than the structure in which one vertical shaft 30 is divided into two by the partition 35.

A partition damper 45 is installed at the front end of the partition wall 35 to partition the vertical shaft 30 so that the air flow 20 is also divided into two spaces. Similarly, one of the airflows 20 divided into two spaces becomes the air supply side airway 20a and the other becomes the exhaust side airway 20b. As shown in the drawing, the air supply side airflow 20a and the vertical shaft 30a, and the exhaust side airflow 20b and the vertical shaft 30b have the same shape and structure, but the air supply side and the exhaust side are distinguished by the vehicle traveling direction. .

The apparatus according to the present invention is operated by a type that implements ventilation by using the usual traffic ventilation, the tunnel 10 to which the apparatus according to the present invention is applied may be a one-way tunnel, and thus exhaust based on the vehicle traveling direction. The side airflow 20b is located before the air supply side airflow 20a. For example, when the vehicle proceeds in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3, the wind speed 20b and the vertical shaft 30b on the right side become the exhaust side based on the partition wall 35 and the partition damper 45, and the wind speed 20a on the left side. ) And the vertical shaft 30a become the air supply side.

In the apparatus according to the present invention, the air supply side and the exhaust side wall 15 separating and partitioning the tunnel 10 and the airway 20 are provided with an auto-opening flue gas damper 50 for quick exhaustion in the event of a fire at regular intervals. The flue gas damper 50 is not limited to a specific number, and the spacing, size, and number may vary depending on the air supply / exhaust capacity of the wind speed 20 according to the tunnel 10 area. In addition, there is no particular limitation as long as it can be configured to open and close electronically.

The airflow dampers 60a and 60b are respectively provided on the air supply side and the exhaust side airway 20 which are separated from the partition damper 45 by separating the air supply side and the exhaust side. The wind dampers 60a and 60b are normally closed, thus limiting the air supply side and exhaust side air passages 20a and 20b so that the vertical gang supply and exhaust type ventilation can be realized and open only in the event of a fire. Through the wind (20) to function so that rapid cross-flow ventilation is implemented.

The wind dampers 60a and 60b are not limited to a specific configuration as long as the dampers have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the cross section of the wind 20 and can be opened and closed electronically. For example, the blade is made of a butterfly damper (butterfly damper) that can control the opening and closing of the wind turbine 20 while forming a hinge point in the center of the wind turbine 20 to rotate based on the hinge point, the blade is made of It may be a multiple blade damper (multiple blade damper) that is opened and closed by adjusting the angle of the.

In installing the airway dampers 60a and 60b in the airway 20, it is preferable that the top end portions of the airway dampers 60a and 60b form an inclined arrangement toward the central partition damper 45 as shown in the drawing. In the case of providing ventilation in the usual type, it is advantageous to switch the flow direction toward the tunnel 10 side while minimizing the flow resistance of air when providing fresh external air introduced into the tunnel 10 through the vertical shaft 30. Because.

An air supply damper may be provided in the wall 15 that partitions the wind velocity 20 with respect to the tunnel 10 between the partition wall damper 45 adjacent to the wind dampers 60a and 60b and the wind damper 60a and 60b. 70a) and an exhaust damper 70b are respectively provided. The air supply damper (70a) and the exhaust damper (70b) is normally open, the type of ventilation can be implemented together with the air damper (60a, 60b) limiting the air supply side and exhaust side airway (20a, 20b) section. It functions to ensure that, in the event of a fire is closed so that the cross-flow type ventilation through the wind (20) can be implemented.

In the present invention, the air supply damper (70a) and the exhaust damper (70b) is preferably configured to be installed in the horizontal direction corresponding to the planar direction of the wall (15) on the wall 15, as shown in the figure, also this electronic As long as the configuration of the damper that can be opened and closed automatically is not limited to any known type of damper. However, considering that the wall 15 is installed in the horizontal direction, a multi-wing damper is preferable to the butterfly damper described above.

Operation of Type Ventilation and Cross-flow Smoke Control Unit Using Automatic Switching Damper

In the case of the ventilation and the fire in the case of the ventilation and fire for the road tunnel through the type of ventilation and cross-flow smoke control using the automatic opening and closing damper according to one aspect of the present invention described above, Let's examine it in conjunction.

5 is an operational state diagram of the present invention showing a state of implementing the ventilation in the road tunnel in the usual vertical gang supply and exhaust type.

As shown in FIG. 5, the apparatus according to the present invention normally supplies fresh air supplied from the air supply side vertical shaft 30a directly through the air supply damper 70a to the tunnel 10 without passing through the air flow dampers 60a and 60b. At the same time, the polluted air in the tunnel 10 contaminated by the vehicle exhaust gas flows into the exhaust damper 70b by the traffic ventilation force and is discharged to the outside through the vertical shaft 30 on the exhaust side. Ventilation is implemented by exhaust type.

As shown in the drawing, the bulkhead damper 45 which separates the air supply side from the exhaust side is provided with the vertical shaft 30 and the wind velocity 20 in the air supply side. And the air supply side and the exhaust side wind dampers 60a and 60b, which are separated by a predetermined distance from the partition damper 45, also in the closed position, and the wind dampers 60a and 60b. The air supply damper 70a and the exhaust damper 70b located in the periphery may be implemented by being in the open position.

In implementing the type of ventilation as described above, the exhaust gas dampers 50 positioned between the partition dampers 45 and each of the air supply dampers 70a and the exhaust dampers 70b with the partition dampers 45 in the center are in a closed state. In addition, the air supply for supplying fresh air in the tunnel 10 and the exhaust air for exhausting the polluted air can be made entirely by the air supply damper 70a and the exhaust damper 70b. Thus, more efficient type ventilation is realized. It is desirable to be able to.

6 to 9 are views showing the implementation of the smoke in the road tunnel in a cross-flow type when a fire occurs, Figure 6 and 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the cross-flow type smoke treatment in the case of a fire occurred in the section where the air supply side airway is located. And FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are longitudinal cross-sectional views and schematic perspective views showing the cross-flow type smoke elimination treatment in the event of a fire occurring in a section in which the exhaust side airway is located.

6 to 9, when a fire occurs in the type of ventilation as shown in FIG. 5, the cross flow using the air supply side airflow 20a or the exhaust side airflow 20b as a flue gas path according to the fire occurrence point. In this way, the control is implemented. In other words, when the smoke 10 containing the toxic gas in the tunnel 10 is full due to the fire, open the flue damper 50 of the fire point and forcibly sucked to the wind direction 20 to the outside through the exhaust side vertical shaft 30 Promote rapid dehumidification through the cross-flow dedusting exhausted to the furnace.

In operating the device so that the cross-flow dehumidification is realized, the operation for cross-flow dedusting in the event of a fire occurs at the point where the air supply side airway 20a is located on the vertical shaft, and at the point where the exhaust side airway 20b is located. It can be divided into operation for cross-flow ventilation in case of fire.

First, when a fire occurs in a section in which the air supply side airway 20a is located as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the partition damper 45 and the air supply side wind damper 60a are opened in the type-type ventilation state as shown in FIG. 5. The exhaust side wind damper 60b, the exhaust damper 70b, and the air supply damper 70a are closed, and only some of the exhaust gas dampers 50 located in the air supply side air incidence section among the smoke dampers on the wall 15 are opened. In this case, it is desirable to implement intensive cross-flow ventilation for the fire section.

On the other hand, when a fire occurs in the section in which the exhaust side airflow 20b is located as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the partition damper 45 and the air supply side air damper 60a are closed in the type-type ventilation state as shown in FIG. 5. The state is maintained, and the exhaust damper 70b and the air supply damper 70a are closed, and some of the exhaust dampers 50 are located in the exhaust side wind section in which the fire occurs among the exhaust side wind dampers 60b and the exhaust dampers on the wall 15. It is desirable to open only) so that intensive cross-flow ventilation for fire zones is achieved.

In constructing a device to convert the type from cross-type to cross-flow type when a fire occurs, the partition damper 45 may be applied without being bound to any specific configuration if the configuration is automatically opened and closed, but preferably the partition ( 35) The application of a split damper having a pivot shaft at the tip allows the device to be rotated to close the air supply side vertical shaft 30a when the device is operated for dehumidification, thereby creating a device in which dehumidification can be performed more effectively. Can be.

On the other hand, in the event of a fire when switching from the open position to the closed position or the closed position of the dampers constituting the device according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 10 installed a fire detection means 80 for each predetermined section in the tunnel 10 In addition, the fire detection means 80 may be implemented to automatically open and close as an electrical signal output by detecting the fire. In other words, it may be a preferred method to allow the damper to operate in conjunction with the fire detection means 80.

As another example, in the event of a fire, the switching from the open position to the closed position or the closed position to the open position of the dampers is obtained through the surveillance camera 90 installed in the tunnel 10 for monitoring the tunnel situation as shown in FIG. 11. It is also possible to construct a device that allows the control of the tunnel control station based on the image data, that is, the opening and closing of the dampers by remote operation.

According to the apparatus of the present invention as described above, by being composed of a configuration that can be parallel to the type and cross-flow type, it is possible to reduce the overall cost for the maintenance of the ventilation facility through the normal type ventilation, usually, such as fire In case of an emergency, only the fire section is converted into a cross-flow system, and concentrated smoke is carried out through a flue gas damper near the fire point, so that it is possible to expedite dehumidification and minimize physical and human damage caused by toxic gas diffusion. Can be.

In addition, although the airflow is required for cross-flow ventilation, unlike the conventional cross-flow ventilation system, it is possible to provide a rapid response only in case of an emergency such as a fire that is not a wind for air supply and exhaust for ventilation purposes. Because it is a flue-only airway formed for flue gas treatment, the wind area does not have to be large, and thus, in implementing the cross-flow type, it is possible to minimize the loss of the tunnel cross section for wind formation and to reduce the construction cost.

In the above detailed description of the present invention, for convenience of description, an apparatus for constructing a section based on one vertical shaft is illustrated and described as an example. However, when referring to one tunnel, the neighborhood is illustrated in FIG. 12. Of course, the air supply-side airflow and the exhaust-side airflow between the devices are repeatedly arranged in a form in which they are separated from each other through the partition partition 25, and only the devices in the fire-producing section can be converted into a cross-flow type so that intensive ventilation can be performed. .

In the above detailed description of the invention, only specific embodiments according to the device of the present invention have been described. It is to be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the specific forms referred to in the description, but rather includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Should be.

10 tunnel 15 wall
20: wind 25: partition bulkhead
30: vertical shaft 35: bulkhead
45: bulkhead damper 50: flue damper
60a, 60b: Wind damper 70a: Air supply damper
70b: exhaust damper 80: fire detection means
90: surveillance camera

Claims (11)

For ventilation and ventilation in tunnels,
The wind velocity along the length of the tunnel and separated from the tunnel;
A vertical shaft in communication with the outside and in communication with the wind,
The vertical shaft and the wind is divided into the air supply side and the exhaust side based on the partition wall crossing the center of the vertical shaft and the partition damper installed at the tip of the partition wall.
Flue gas dampers installed at regular intervals on the wall separating the tunnel and the wind,
Wind-damp dampers respectively installed at the air supply side and the exhaust side airway away from the partition damper;
Combined type ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control device using an automatic opening and closing damper composed of an air supply damper and an exhaust damper installed on the wall between the wind damper and the partition damper adjacent to the wind damper.
The method of claim 1,
The tunnel is a one-way tunnel, the type of ventilation and cross-flow type ventilation combined use apparatus using an automatic opening and closing damper, characterized in that the exhaust side airway is located ahead of the air supply side airway based on the vehicle traveling direction.
The method of claim 1,
The bulkhead damper is normally in a closed position for dividing the vertical shaft and the wind into the air supply side and the exhaust side.
The air supply side and the exhaust side wind damper, which are separated from the partition damper by a predetermined distance, are also in the closed position,
The air supply damper and the exhaust damper located in the vicinity of the wind damper is in the open position type ventilation and cross-flow type ventilation combined use apparatus using an automatic open and close damper, characterized in that the type is implemented.
The method of claim 3, wherein
When the type of ventilation is implemented, the flue-type damper located between the bulkhead damper and the air supply damper and the exhaust damper is closed type type ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control combined apparatus using an automatic open and close damper.
The method of claim 1,
If a fire occurs in the section where the air supply side air temperature is located,
The partition damper and the air supply side wind damper are opened,
The exhaust side wind damper, the exhaust damper and the air supply damper is switched to the closed position,
Combined type ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control device using an automatic open / close damper, characterized in that only some of the flue dampers located in the air supply side wind section of the fire out of the flue dampers on the wall.
The method of claim 1,
If there is a fire in the section where the exhaust air side is located,
The exhaust side wind damper is switched to the open position,
The partition damper, the air supply side wind damper and the air supply damper and the exhaust damper are switched to the closed position,
Combined type ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control device using an automatic open / close damper, characterized in that only a part of the flue damper located in the exhaust air side section of the fire out of the flue damper on the wall is opened.
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
In the event of a fire, the switching from the open position to the closed position or the closed position to the open position of the dampers is automatically operated in conjunction with the fire detection means installed at every predetermined section of the tunnel. Cross flow type smoke control unit.
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Combined type ventilation and cross-flow smoke control device using an automatic open and close damper, characterized in that the switching from the open position to the closed position or the closed position to the open position of the dampers in the event of a fire.
The method of claim 1,
In the type of ventilation and cross flow type ventilation combined use apparatus using the automatic opening and closing damper according to the one side as described above, the air supply side and the air side side of the neighboring devices are repeated along the length of the tunnel so as to be separated from each other through the partition bulkhead. Combined type ventilation and cross-flow type smoke control device using an automatic opening and closing damper, characterized in that continuously arranged.
Ⅰ) Normally, the bulkhead damper, air supply side and exhaust side wind dampers and flue gas dampers are closed, and the air supply damper and exhaust damper are opened, so that fresh external air introduced through the air supply vertical shaft is provided to the tunnel through the air supply damper, The soot inside is ventilated in a kind manner so that it can escape to the outside through the vertical shaft through the exhaust damper,
Ii) If a fire occurs in the section where the air supply side air is located, the bulkhead damper, the air supply side wind damper and some flue gas dampers located on the air supply side are opened, and the air supply damper and the exhaust damper are closed to prevent toxic gas in the tunnel. A method of operating a type ventilation and cross-flow type ventilation combined use device using an automatic opening / closing damper, which is forcibly flowed into the wind direction side through a flue gas damper to be forced out to the outside through the vertical shaft of the exhaust side.
Ⅰ) Normally, the bulkhead damper, air supply side and exhaust side wind dampers and flue gas dampers are closed, and the air supply damper and exhaust damper are opened, so that fresh external air introduced through the air supply vertical shaft is provided to the tunnel through the air supply damper, The soot inside is ventilated in a kind manner so that it can escape to the outside through the vertical shaft through the exhaust damper,
Ii) When a fire occurs in the section where the exhaust side air is located, open the exhaust side wind damper and some flue gas dampers located on the exhaust side, and close the bulkhead damper, the air supply damper, and the exhaust damper to close the toxic gas in the tunnel. Operating method of the type-type ventilation and cross-flow type ventilation combined use device using the automatic opening and closing damper, characterized in that forcibly flows into the wind direction side through the flue gas damper to be forced out to the outside through the exhaust side vertical shaft.

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