KR101196260B1 - Planar circular-array antenna with omni-directional radiation pattern - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern that enables satellite connection at all times without antenna beam steering in mobile satellite communications. The value divided by the number of radiating elements is determined as the effective feed phase, and the placement angle of the radiating elements is sequentially supplied clockwise or counterclockwise from the reference radiating element based on one of the radiating elements, and the power is supplied to each radiating element. Provided is a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern in which the sum of phase angles of signals to be added is added by the effective feed phase.

Omnidirectional radiation pattern, array antenna, flat panel antenna, radiation pattern synthesis

Description

Planar circular array antenna with omnidirectional radiation pattern {PLANAR CIRCULAR-ARRAY ANTENNA WITH OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIATION PATTERN}

The present invention relates to an omnidirectional antenna, and more particularly, to a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern to enable satellite connection at all times without antenna beam steering in mobile satellite communication.

"The present invention is derived from the research conducted as part of the IT source technology development project of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy and the Ministry of Information and Communication Research and Development. [Task management number: 2007-F-041-03, Project name: Intelligent antenna technology development]."

Recently, as the user's demand for the satellite communication service on the moving object increases, the development of a mobile satellite communication antenna for accommodating this has been actively performed. These antennas should always have the maximum gain direction of the antenna toward the satellite according to the movement of the moving object.

Therefore, the form of the antenna according to the prior art has a form of a mechanical antenna for controlling the antenna beam direction mechanically, or an electronic phased array antenna capable of electronic beam steering. In recent years, a hybrid antenna has been proposed in which a combination of the two forms is appropriately controlled in the azimuth direction mechanically and the elevation angle is controlled electronically.

However, the mechanical, electronic, or hybrid antenna control type according to the prior art requires not only mechanical and electronic devices for mechanically or electronically steering the directional antenna beam according to the movement of the moving object for mobile satellite communication but also requires sophisticated satellite tracking functions. This increases the complexity of the overall system.

Therefore, there is a need for a new antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern around the azimuth angle so that mechanical or electronic satellite tracking of the antenna beam according to the prior art is not required.

Therefore, an object of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art is to provide a flat circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern around the azimuth so that mechanical or electronic satellite tracking of the antenna beam is not required for mobile satellite communication.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flat circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern in which an antenna and a structure are integrated so that no separate space is required for antenna installation.

The planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention for achieving the above objects, is arranged in a plurality of circles, comprising a plurality of radiating elements to form a plurality of circular array antenna, respectively, The radius of the circular array antennas, the feed gain and the effective feed phase of the radiating elements arranged on the circular array antennas (hereinafter referred to as design variables) are determined, so that the circular array antennas have an omnidirectional radiation pattern. When the radiating elements arranged on the circular array antennas have a feeding phase of a predetermined period, the effective feeding phase is determined by dividing the feeding phase of the predetermined period by the number of radiating elements, and the radiating elements are The clockwise or counterclockwise direction of the radiating element on the circular array antennas. The effective feed phase is a sum of the arrangement angle of the radiating elements and the phase angle of the signal fed to each radiating element, and sets a target radiation pattern to be synthesized. The value of the design variable is determined such that the error between the set target radiation pattern and the actual radiation pattern calculated from the intermediate step value for the design variable is minimal.

Further, the circular array antennas are arranged on the same plane with the same 'circle midpoint', and the circular array antennas each have a different radius.

In addition, the circular array antennas, different numbers of radiating elements are arranged, respectively, a circular array antenna in which a small number of radiating elements are arranged among the circular array antennas is located at the center side of the circle.
Further, the radiating elements have the same feeding gain, and at least one of the placement angle and the phase angle is sequentially increased, and is sequentially added by the effective feeding phase between the radiating elements on the respective circular array antennas. .

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In addition, the planar circular array antenna according to the present invention, in the form of a microstrip patch, the radiation elements located on the upper surface of the dielectric, the upper panel located above the radiation elements to protect the radiation elements from the outside, the dielectric A ground plane located on a lower surface of the lower surface, a lower panel located on a lower surface of the ground plane for lower support of the radiating elements, and penetrating the dielectric and the ground plane and a lower panel for supplying current to the radiation elements; It includes a transmission line.

In addition, the planar circular array antenna according to the present invention further includes a honeycomb structure inserted between the upper panel and the radiation elements.

As described above, since the present invention provides an omnidirectional radiation pattern, there is an advantage in that a stable wireless connection is possible without a separate satellite tracking function in a moving object.

In addition, the present invention can be manufactured in a high-strength sandwich panel structure, there is an advantage that the antenna and the structure can be integrated. Accordingly, there is an advantage that no separate space is required for antenna installation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the same configurations of the drawings denote the same reference numerals as possible whenever possible. Specific details are set forth in the following description, which is provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

The flat circular array antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention basically arranges the radiating elements of the antenna in a flat shape on the flat plate, and the feeding gain of each radiating element is the same, and the excitation phase is Make it periodic.

Furthermore, in the planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention, in order to have an omnidirectional radiation pattern only in a specific region, the antenna radiating elements are arranged in a multi-circular array form, and the radius and the feeding phase of each circular array are arranged. Is determined according to a predetermined optimization algorithm.

On the other hand, the planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention is composed of a patch antenna of the microstrip form in the honeycomb sandwich structure to perform the role as a structure, so that the antenna and the structure so that a separate space is not required for the antenna installation Is integrated.

Hereinafter, a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing a mobile satellite communication application example of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the planar circular array antenna 11 having the omnidirectional radiation pattern 12 according to the present invention is installed in a loop of the moving object 10 so that the target satellite is always used regardless of the movement of the moving object 10. It is shown schematically that wireless connection with 13) is possible.

Conventional antennas for mobile satellite communication require sophisticated satellite tracking functions as well as mechanical and electronic devices such that the directional antenna beam can be mechanically or electronically steered according to the movement of the mobile object. The planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention provides an antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern around an azimuth such that mechanical or electronic satellite tracking of such an antenna beam is not required.

2 is a top and side cross-sectional views of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 2, the top view shows a case where the power supply phase is one cycle, and the side cross-sectional view shows a laminated structure of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention for the integration of the antenna and the structure. It is shown as an example.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the planar circular array antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention, the radiating elements 23 are arranged at regular intervals around a predetermined circle, and the radiating elements 23 are in the form of microstrip patches. It is located on the upper surface of the dielectric 24 as The antenna ground plane 25 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric 24, and the radiating element 23 is provided with a transmission line 27 and a connector 28 for supplying current.

The lower panel 26 is positioned on the lower surface of the ground plane 25 to support the lower portion of the radiating element 23, and protects the radiating element 23 from an external environment and supports the upper panel 21. This is located. A predetermined honeycomb structure 22 is inserted between the lower panel 26 and the upper panel 21. The six radiating element connectors 28 are connected by a predetermined power coupling means (not shown) to obtain a final omnidirectional radiation pattern.

3A and 3B are three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagrams and radiation pattern cross-sectional views of the planar circular array antenna shown in FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the 3D radiation pattern diagram of FIG. 3A is u = sinθ x cosφ, v = sinθ x sinφ, φ is an azimuth angle, θ represents an elevation angle, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of radiation patterns for each of 0 and 30 degrees azimuth angles. It is shown.

4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating embodiments of a radiating element arrangement and a feeding phase of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention.

The case where the six radiating elements 41 shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C have a feed phase of two cycles will be described as an example. The effective feed phase when the six radiating elements 41 have a feed phase of two cycles (720 degrees) is 720 degrees / 6 = 120 degrees. That is, the six radiating elements have a sequential effective feed phase of 0 degrees, 120 degrees, 240 degrees, 360 degrees, 480 degrees, and 600 degrees. Here, the effective feed phase is defined as the sum of the arrangement angles 43 and 44 of the radiating element 41 and the phase angle 45 of the signal fed directly to the radiating element feeding unit 42. For example, in FIG. 4A, 120, which is the sum of the placement angle 44 of the radiating element and the phase angle 45, 120 degrees, becomes the effective feed phase.

The feed phase angle of the feed section 42 can be changed by adjusting a predetermined phase shifting means or a cable length of the feed line.

4A illustrates that when the two phases have the effective feed phase, the arrangement angles of the radiating elements 41 are all constant (0 degrees) and the feed phase angles of the feed section 42 are sequentially. Figure 120 is increased by 120 degrees.

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an arrangement angle of the radiating element 41 while all of the feed phase angles of the feed unit 42 are constant (0 degrees) when the effective feed phase has two cycles according to another embodiment of the present invention. The figure is increased by 120 degrees.

FIG. 4C is a view in which the arrangement angle of the radiating element 41 and the feeding phase angle of the feeding part 42 are both increased by 60 degrees when the effective feeding phase of two cycles is different from another embodiment of the present invention.

The antenna radiation patterns of the three embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4C have the same omnidirectional radiation pattern as shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the radiation pattern of the planar circular array antenna illustrated in FIG. 4.

In the above, the technical details of the single circular array flat antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention have been described. Subsequently, in order to describe the technical contents of the multiple circular array flat panel antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern as an extended form of the single circular array flat antenna, a detailed example will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10C.

6 is a view showing a multiple circular array for forming an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 illustrates an embodiment of a multiple circular array for explaining a multiple circular array flat antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern. Referring to Figure 6, six in the first ring, eight in the second ring, twelve in the third ring, sixteen radiating elements 60 in the fourth ring are arranged at equal intervals in each ring multiple It has a circular arrangement. The conditions for the multiple circular array shown in FIG. 6 to have an omnidirectional radiation pattern include the radius of each ring on which the radiating element is placed, the feeding gain of the radiating element existing on each ring, and the effective feeding phase of the radiating element present on each ring. Determined by the cycle. And the feed gain of the radiating element 60 present on each ring can be limited to have the same value, the effective feed phase value for the reference radiating element of the radiating element present on the ring may be different.

Design variable for the multiple circular array according to the present invention to have an omnidirectional radiation pattern (radius of each ring on which the radiating element is placed, feed gain of the radiating element existing on each ring, effective of the radiating element present on each ring Feed phase period) is determined by a predetermined optimization method.

An optimization method for determining an optimal radiation pattern is to set a target radiation pattern to be synthesized, and to minimize the error between the set target radiation pattern and the actual radiation pattern calculated from the intermediate value of the design variable. The design variable value is finally determined.

7 is an omni-directional radiation pattern diagram of a zenith-null form of a flat circular array antenna according to the multiple circular arrays shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 7 shows, as an example, a radiation pattern that is directed at an elevation angle of 30 to 50 degrees as a target radiation pattern 71, and is optimized using the above-described radiation pattern optimization method, and the final omnidirectional shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C. Radiation patterns can be obtained.

FIG. 8A is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-null shape formed using only the radiating element on the first ring in the multiple circular array shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8B is a first diagram of the multiple circular array shown in FIG. A three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern in the form of a vertex-null formed using radiating elements on a ring and a second ring, and FIG. 8C shows all radiating elements on the first to fourth rings in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG. 6. A three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram formed using a vertex-null shape. Reference numeral 81 in FIG. 8A denotes a boundary of a target radiation pattern, and reference numeral 82 denotes a final synthesized radiation pattern. FIG. 8A is a result of synthesis using only the radiating elements placed on the first ring of the circular array shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 8B is a result of synthesis using the radiating elements placed on the first ring and the second ring, and FIG. 8C is This is the result of synthesis using all the radiating elements from the first ring to the fourth ring.

9, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, is a vertex-peak omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a planar circular array antenna according to multiple circular arrays shown in FIG. 6. This is a target radiation pattern 91 in the form of a peak.

FIG. 9 shows, as an example, a radiation pattern directed to an absolute elevation angle of 0 to 30 degrees as a target radiation pattern 91, and optimized using the above-described radiation pattern optimization method. Omnidirectional radiation patterns can be obtained.

FIG. 10A according to an embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-peak shape formed using only the radiating element on the first ring in the multiple circular array illustrated in FIG. 6.

FIG. 10B according to another embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a peak-peak shape formed by using radiating elements on the first ring and the second ring in the multiple circular array illustrated in FIG. 6.

FIG. 10C according to another embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-peak shape formed by using all the radiating elements on the first to fourth rings in the multiple circular arrangement illustrated in FIG. 6. .

Reference numeral 101 in FIG. 10A denotes a boundary of the target radiation pattern, and reference numeral 102 denotes a final synthesized radiation pattern. FIG. 10A is a result of synthesis using only the radiating elements placed on the first ring of the circular array shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 10B is a result of synthesis using the radiating elements placed on the first ring and the second ring, and FIG. This is the result of synthesis using all the radiating elements from the first ring to the fourth ring.

As described above, the planar circular array antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention basically arranges the antenna radiating elements in a circular shape on the flat plate, and has an equal excitation amplitude of each radiating element and an excitation phase. Is characterized by having a periodicity, and furthermore, in order to have an omnidirectional radiation pattern only in a specific area, the antenna radiating element may be arranged in a multi-circular array shape, and the radius and the feeding phase of each circular array may be predetermined. It depends on the method.

In addition, the planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention is characterized in that the antenna and the structure are integrated by being composed of a microstrip type patch antenna in the honeycomb sandwich structure to perform a role as a structure.

Therefore, since the planar circular array antenna having the omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention provides an omnidirectional radiation pattern, a stable wireless connection is possible without a separate satellite tracking function in a moving mobile body, and a high-strength sandwich panel structure can be manufactured, thereby providing an antenna and a structure. Integration is possible, so no separate space is required for antenna installation.

Meanwhile, in the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but the present invention described above may be embodied by some or all of the above configurations, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the described embodiments, but should be determined by the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

1 is a view showing a mobile satellite communication application example of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention,

2 is a top and side cross-sectional view of a flat circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

3A and 3B are three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagrams and radiation pattern cross-sectional views of the planar circular array antenna shown in FIG. 2;

4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating embodiments of a radiating element arrangement and a feeding phase of a planar circular array antenna having an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view of the radiation pattern of the planar circular array antenna shown in FIG. 4;

6 is a view showing a multiple circular array for forming an omnidirectional radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an omni-directional radiation pattern diagram of a zenith-null shape of a planar circular array antenna according to the multiple circular arrays shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8A is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-null shape formed using only the radiating element on the first ring in the multiple circular array shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8B is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-null formed using radiating elements on the first and second rings in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8C is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-null formed using all the radiation elements on the first to fourth rings in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is an omni-directional radiation pattern diagram of a zenith-peak shape of a planar circular array antenna according to the multiple circular arrays shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10A is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram of a vertex-peak shape formed using only the radiating element on the first ring in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10B is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram in the form of a peak-peak formed using radiating elements on the first ring and the second ring in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10C is a three-dimensional omnidirectional radiation pattern diagram in the form of a peak-peak formed using all the radiation elements on the first to fourth rings in the multiple circular arrangement shown in FIG.

Claims (8)

In the flat circular array antenna, A plurality of radiating elements arranged in a plurality of circles, each forming a plurality of circular array antennas; The radius of the circular array antennas, the feed gain and the effective feed phase of the radiating elements arranged on the circular array antennas (hereinafter referred to as design variables) are determined so that the circular array antennas have an omnidirectional radiation pattern. ; When the radiating elements arranged on the circular array antennas have a feeding phase of a predetermined period, the effective feeding phase is determined as a value obtained by dividing the feeding phase of the predetermined period by the number of radiating elements; The radiating elements are arranged in a circle by sequentially adding the effective power supply phase in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction relative to a first radiating element of the radiating elements on respective circular array antennas; The effective feed phase is a sum of an arrangement angle of the radiating elements and a phase angle of a signal fed to each radiating element; A planar circular array in which a target radiation pattern to be synthesized is set, and the value of the design variable is determined so that an error between the set target radiation pattern and the actual radiation pattern calculated from the intermediate value of the design variable is minimized. antenna. The method of claim 1, The circular array antennas are arranged on the same plane with the same 'circle midpoint'; And said circular array antennas each have a different radius. The method of claim 2, The circular array antennas are arranged with a different number of radiating elements, respectively; A circular array antenna in which a small number of radiating elements are arranged among the circular array antennas is located at the center side of the circle. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The radiating elements have the same feeding gain; And at least one of the placement angle and the phase angle is sequentially increased so as to be sequentially added between the radiating elements on the respective circular array antennas by the effective feed phase. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The flat circular array antenna, The radioactive elements located on the dielectric upper surface in the form of a microstrip patch; An upper panel positioned above the radiating elements to protect the radiating elements from the outside; A ground plane located on the bottom surface of the dielectric; A lower panel positioned on a lower surface of the ground plane for supporting the radiating elements below; And Transmission line penetrating through the dielectric, the ground plane and the lower panel to supply current to the radiation elements Flat circular array antenna comprising a. 6. The method of claim 5, Honeycomb structure inserted between the upper panel and the radiation element Flat circular array antenna further comprising. delete delete

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