KR101183887B1 - Diesel paticulate measureing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device for measuring diesel fumes is provided to make fumes exhausted differently according to a load of an engine flow into an impactor at a constant amount and flow velocity by diluting with air, thereby accurately measuring a distribution of a particle size of the fumes. CONSTITUTION: A device for measuring diesel fumes comprises an impactor(30), a dilution device(20), an air supply unit, and a pressure controlling unit. The impactor collects and smashes fume particles as multiple stages and measures. The dilution device dilutes fumes exhausted from a muffler(10) of a diesel engine with air by being joined to the impactor, thereby exhausting the diluted fumes at a constant amount and flow velocity. The air supply unit supplies the air to the inside of the dilution device. The pressure controlling unit exhausts the air for controlling the inner pressure of the dilution device.

Description

Diesel soot measuring device {DIESEL PATICULATE MEASUREING APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a diesel soot measuring apparatus, and in particular, a uniform soot flows into the impactor for measuring the size distribution of the soot discharged from a diesel engine with rapid dilution so that the soot particle distribution can be accurately measured. It relates to a diesel particulate measuring device.

In general, the exhaust gas of a vehicle refers to a gas in which mixed air combusted from an engine is discharged to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, and mainly includes harmful substances such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC). It contains a substance, and the regulation of the said exhaust gas is tightened.

In particular, diesel engine vehicles, unlike gasoline engines, despite their excellent fuel economy and power output, contains a large amount of NOx and particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust gas.

In the diesel engine vehicle, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons are emitted very little compared to gasoline vehicles because air is sufficiently burned in most driving conditions, but nitrogen oxides and particulate matter (soot) are emitted.

In this case, the nitrogen oxide (NOx) and the particulate matter (PM) tend to have an inverse relationship with each other, that is, when the nitrogen oxide is reduced, the particulate matter increases, and conversely, the nitrogen oxide increases to reduce the particulate matter.

In recent years, the particulate matter has been identified as the main cause of air pollution, and has been found to cause harm to the human body.

The smoke discharged from the diesel engine is different from the mass mean diameter and the concentration of the particulate matter according to the load of the engine, but most of the mass average particle diameter is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 μm, and the number of particles having 1 μm or less It is known to occupy more than 90% by concentration and 70% by mass.

Current diesel engine smoke measurement technology simply filters the soot through the filter media, and then calculates the concentration of soot emitted from the vehicle using the optical transmission amount, or measures the weight of the soot caught in the filter medium. .

However, the method of measuring the concentration of soot through the degree of optical transmission is not suitable for measuring fine particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less, which has an adverse effect on air pollution and human body, because the influence of fine particles is insignificant compared to large particles. .

In the method for measuring the weight by sampling the soot in the filter filter, as the diameter of the particles increases, the weight increases proportionally by the cube of the diameter, so that the amount (mass concentration) of the soot is determined only by large particles, which are mostly 1 μm or more. do.

Therefore, there is a problem that the method of measuring optical transmission or weight measurement is not suitable as a method of estimating the amount of particles having a particle size of 1 μm or less that is known to be fatal to air pollution or human health.

Therefore, the multi-stage impactor equipment widely used to measure the size distribution of the exhaust dust of atmospheric dust, factories or incinerators is used to measure the amount of soot particles less than 1㎛, but the multi-stage impactor is composed of about 8-10 stages, 0.3㎛ Although the above particle size distribution can be measured, there are problems in that it is not suitable for use by non-experts because it is manufactured for a professional who is very complicated to use and manage because it needs to install and operate 8 to 10 stages.

Recently, it has been commercially available to measure soot with an ELCTRICAL LOW PRESSURE IMPACTOR, a device that measures the size distribution of dust in real time, but it is limited because it is complicated and expensive equipment with 10 or more stages. Is being used.

However, as described above, the multi-stage impactor or the electric low pressure impactor measuring the soot is inserted into the muffler of the diesel engine to measure the exhaust soot, and the exhaust soot is the mass mean particle size of the particulate matter according to the load of the engine. mass mean diameter) and concentration differently.

Since the soot discharged differently is measured as it is introduced into a multi-stage impactor or an electric low pressure impactor as it is, the impactor does not collide with a small particle size in accordance with the discharge pressure, discharge rate, and velocity which are differently introduced. There is a problem that can not accurately measure the particle size distribution of.

An object of the present invention is to accurately measure the particle size distribution of the soot so that the soot discharged differently depending on the load of the engine to be introduced into the impactor at a uniform amount and flow rate by dilution with air.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an impactor for crushing and measuring the soot particles discharged from a diesel engine in multiple stages;

A dilution apparatus for diluting the soot discharged from the muffler of the diesel engine coupled to the impactor with air to discharge at a uniform amount and flow rate;

Air supply means for supplying air into the dilution device;

It is provided with a pressure control means for regulating the exhaust pressure of the dilution device.

The dilution device is a tube for mixing the incoming soot with air; An inlet pipe for introducing soot into one side of the pipe, an air supply port for supplying air to the inlet pipe, a venturi pipe with a narrow diameter so as to increase the flow rate of the soot flowing into the inlet pipe, and an upper cover having a flange to the outside ; It includes a pressure regulator for controlling the discharge pressure of the soot mixed with air on the other side of the tube, a discharge pipe for discharging the soot diluted with the air to the impactor at a uniform amount and flow rate and a lower cover having a flange to the outside It features.

The discharge pipe is characterized in that it is provided to protrude inwardly of the lower cover.

In another aspect, the present invention is characterized in that the coupling between the upper cover and the flange of the lower cover by the coupling rod to prevent separation from the tube due to heat expansion.

Another invention is an impactor for crushing and measuring by colliding the soot particles discharged from the diesel engine in multiple stages;

A buffer tube coupled to the impactor to store and buffer the soot discharged from the muffler of the diesel engine;

At least one dilution device for diluting soot with air in the buffer tube and discharging at a uniform amount and flow rate;

The at least one dilution device includes air supply means for supplying air therein; And pressure regulating means for regulating and evacuating the internal pressure.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the soot discharged from the muffler of the engine to the impactor measuring the soot particles through the multi-stage impact substrate is controlled to dilute and pressure through a narrow and wide conduits together with air to discharge at a uniform amount and flow rate. By combining the dilution apparatus so that the soot flows into the impactor at a uniform amount and flow rate by the dilution apparatus, the impactor can accurately measure the particle size distribution even for the soot particles discharged differently according to the load of the diesel engine. It will provide an effect.

1 is a state diagram used in the present invention diesel particulate measuring device
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the main part of the present invention diesel particulate measuring device
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the main part of the present invention diesel particulate measuring device
Figure 4 is another embodiment of the present invention diesel particulate measuring device

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention includes a muffler 10, a dilution device 20, and an impactor 30 of a diesel engine.

The muffler 10 of the diesel engine is provided at the end of the exhaust pipe for exhausting the combustion gas of the engine to reduce noise and discharge soot.

The dilution apparatus 20 dilutes the exhaust gas discharged from the muffler 10 of the diesel engine with air and exhausts it.

2 and 3, the dilution apparatus 20 is provided with a cylindrical tubular body 21 for diluting the introduced soot mixed with air, and one side of the tubular body 21 from the muffler Inlet pipe 22 for introducing the air, the air supply port 23 for supplying air to the inlet pipe 22, the soot introduced into the inlet pipe 23 and the air supplied from the air supply port 23 It is provided with a narrow venturi channel 24 for increasing the flow velocity and an upper cover 26 having a flange 25 to the outside.

The air supply port 23 is provided with an air supply means for supplying air into the inside of the tubular body 21. The air supply means is composed of a valve (V) and an air pump (A).

The other side of the tubular body 21 is a pressure regulator 27 for adjusting the discharge pressure of the soot diluted by air while passing through the venturi duct 24, the exhaust gas and the diluted soot at a uniform amount and flow rate A lower cover 29 having a discharge pipe 28 and a flange 25 is provided.

The pressure regulator 27 is provided with a pressure regulating means for controlling and exhausting the internal pressure of the tubular body 21. The pressure control means is composed of a pressure gauge (P) for measuring the internal pressure and a valve (V) for exhausting the diluted soot inside.

The discharge pipe 28 is inserted into the protruding long toward the center of the tube 21 to the inside of the lower cover 29 so that the soot diluted in the tube 21 is discharged at a uniform amount and flow rate.

Between the upper cover 26 and the flange 26 of the lower cover 29 is fastened with at least one coupling rod 201 to prevent relaxation and separation from the tubular body 21 from expansion due to high pressure and high temperature soot. To fix it.

The impactor 30 collects soot particles having a small size through collision of multiple stages of the soot discharged by being combined with the dilution device 20, and the soot particles thus collected are connected to a separate measuring instrument. The size distribution will be measured.

The present invention configured as described above is coupled to the inlet pipe 22 provided in the upper cover 26 of the dilution device 20 to the muffler 10 of the diesel engine, and the lower cover of the dilution device 20 ( The discharge pipe 28 provided in 29) is coupled to the impactor 30 for measuring the size distribution of the soot particles to measure the soot, the process of measuring the soot from the muffler 10 of the diesel engine The discharged soot is introduced into the pipe body 21 through the inlet pipe 22 provided in the upper cover 26 of the dilution device 20.

At this time, the soot flowed into the inlet pipe 22 is the diameter of the pipe provided in the upper cover 26 together with the air supplied from the air pump (A) and the valve (V) which is provided in the air supply port (23) The narrow venturi pipe 24 is introduced.

The soot flowing into the venturi conduit 24 together with the air is compressed while passing through the narrow tube, and expands and diffuses at the moment of being discharged into the wide tube.

Therefore, in the pipe body 21, the soot diluted with air is different from when soot and air are introduced from the inlet pipe 22, so that the pressure is lowered and the flow rate is relaxed.

The low pressure and the flow rate so relaxed are discharged to the valve (V) while controlling the pressure state by the pressure gauge (P) and the valve (V), which is a pressure adjusting means provided in the pressure adjusting opening (27) of the lower cover (29). The internal pressure of the tubular body 21 is adjusted.

In this way, the pressure is adjusted in the inside of the tubular body 21, and the soot diluted is not directly introduced by the outlet tube 28 having a long inner protrusion of the tubular body 21, but is introduced directly while being interfered with the outlet tube 28. The discharged soot is discharged at a uniform amount and flow rate to be introduced into the impactor (30).

Therefore, the impactor 30 grinds and collects soot particles having a small size while sequentially passing the soot flowing through a multi-stage collision substrate, which is controlled at a uniform amount and flow rate, so that the size distribution of soot particles can be accurately measured. Will be.

In addition, the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, is provided at the rear end of the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine coupled to the buffer pipe (C) for storing and buffering the soot in the muffler (10) for reducing noise and exhaust gas, Two dilution units (20, 20-1) are directly connected to the buffer tube (C) in series, and the dilution device (20) (20-1) is composed of a valve and an air pump for supplying air therein. It is provided with a pressure control means for regulating and exhausting the internal pressure consisting of the supply means and the pressure gauge and the valve.

Therefore, the soot discharged from the muffler 10 of the diesel engine is first buffered by the buffer tube C, and the buffered soot is stored in the two dilution apparatuses 20 and 20-1 directly connected to the series. By dilution with air by the dilution device 20 firstly, the discharge pressure is adjusted to be discharged by the discharge pipe 28 at a uniform amount and flow rate.

The soot of the uniform amount and flow rate thus discharged is diluted with air again in the dilution apparatus 20-1, and the discharge pressure is controlled to be discharged to the impactor 30 at a uniform amount and flow rate through the discharge pipe 28. .

Therefore, the impactor 30 is firstly buffered by the buffer tube C, and the two dilution apparatuses 20 and 20-1 are successively diluted for two times to control the uniform amount and flow rate. As a result, the size distribution of the soot particles can be measured accurately and accurately.

10; Muffler 20 of a diesel engine; Dilution device
21; Tube 22; Inlet pipe
23; Air supply port 24; Banturie Pipeline
25; Flange 26; Top cover
27; Pressure regulator 28; discharge pipe
29; Lower cover 201; Binding rod
30; Impactor C; Buffer tube

Claims (5)

An impactor for collecting and colliding soot particles in multiple stages for pulverization and measurement;
A dilution device coupled to the impactor to dilute soot discharged from the muffler of the diesel engine with air to discharge at a uniform amount and flow rate;
Air supply means for supplying air into the dilution device;
Diesel soot measuring device having a pressure adjusting means for regulating the exhaust pressure of the dilution device. The method of claim 1,
The dilution device is a tube for mixing the incoming soot with air;
An inlet pipe for introducing soot into one side of the pipe, an air supply port for supplying air to the inlet pipe, a venturi pipe with a narrow diameter so as to increase the flow rate of the soot flowing into the inlet pipe, and an upper cover having a flange to the outside ;
A pressure regulator configured to control the discharge pressure of the soot mixed with air on the other side of the tube, a discharge pipe for discharging the soot diluted with the air at a uniform amount and flow rate, and a lower cover having a flange outwardly; Smoke measuring device. The method of claim 2,
The exhaust pipe is a diesel soot measuring device provided to protrude inwardly of the lower cover. The method of claim 2,
Diesel soot measuring device that is fastened by a coupling rod to prevent separation from the tube by heat expansion between the flange of the upper cover and the lower cover. An impactor for collecting and colliding soot particles in multiple stages for pulverization and measurement;
A buffer tube for storing and buffering soot discharged from the muffler of the diesel engine;
At least one dilution device for diluting soot with air in the buffer tube and discharging at a uniform amount and flow rate;
The at least one dilution device includes air supply means for supplying air therein; And a pressure regulating means for regulating and evacuating the internal pressure.

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