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KR101012462B1 - Diagnosis of Mold Transformer Epoxy Insulation by Ultrasonic Scanning - Google Patents

Diagnosis of Mold Transformer Epoxy Insulation by Ultrasonic Scanning Download PDF

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KR101012462B1
KR101012462B1 KR1020080088920A KR20080088920A KR101012462B1 KR 101012462 B1 KR101012462 B1 KR 101012462B1 KR 1020080088920 A KR1020080088920 A KR 1020080088920A KR 20080088920 A KR20080088920 A KR 20080088920A KR 101012462 B1 KR101012462 B1 KR 101012462B1
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mold transformer
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권동진
강연욱
곽주식
구교선
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한국전력공사
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/28Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62Testing of transformers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects

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Abstract

발명은 몰드 변압기의 에폭시 절연물의 절연성능 저하여부와 그 진전상태를 진단할 수 있게 하는 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 관한 것으로, 철심 및 코일이 절연유 중에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 에폭시 등의 합성수지로 주형 고체화한 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 있어서, 사전에 건전 상태의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파 신호를 이용하여 스캐닝하여 건전 데이터를 획득하는 단계; 검사할 몰드변압기에 대해서 이의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파 신호를 이용하여 스캐닝하여 측정 데이터를 획득하는 단계; 및 상기 건전 데이터와 상기 측정 데이터를 비교하여, 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 발생하였는지의 여부와 그 진전상태를 비교함으로써 몰드변압기의 절연의 성능저하 여부와 그 진전상태를 진단하는 단계를 포함하는, 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 대한 것이다.  The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing the insulation of a mold transformer epoxy insulation using ultrasonic scanning to diagnose the degradation of the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer and its progress. The core and the coil are not impregnated in the insulating oil, A method for diagnosing the insulation of an epoxy insulator of a mold transformer whose surface is molded into a synthetic resin such as epoxy, the method comprising: acquiring sound data by scanning an epoxy insulation in a sound state using an ultrasonic signal in advance; Scanning the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer to be inspected using ultrasonic signals to obtain measurement data; And comparing the sound data with the measured data, and diagnosing whether or not the performance of the insulation of the mold transformer is degraded by comparing whether the voids or cracks are generated in the epoxy insulator and the progress of the insulation. , Diagnostic method of mold transformer epoxy insulation insulation using ultrasonic scanning.

몰드변압기, 초음파 스캐닝, 에폭시 절연물. Mold transformer, ultrasonic scanning, epoxy insulation.

Description

초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법{Insulation Diagnostic Method Using Ultrasonic Scanning for Epoxy Insulator of Mold Transformers}Insulation Diagnostic Method Using Ultrasonic Scanning for Epoxy Insulator of Mold Transformers

본 발명은 몰드 변압기의 에폭시 절연물의 절연성능 저하여부와 그 진전상태를 진단할 수 있게 하는, 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing insulation of a mold transformer epoxy insulation using ultrasonic scanning, which makes it possible to diagnose an insulation degradation of an epoxy insulator of a mold transformer and its progress.

일반적으로, 몰드변압기는 철심 및 코일이 절연유 중에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 에폭시 등의 합성수지로 주형 고체화한 변압기로, 전기적 절연성 및 기계적 특성의 우수성과 더불어 난연성 및 내습성 등에서 뛰어난 특징을 갖고 있어, 화재에 대한 안전성을 요구하는 옥내용 수변전설비를 대상으로, 1980년대부터 한전의 소내변압기를 비롯한 철도, 빌딩, 아파트 및 대용량 수용가 등의 22.9kV급 변압기에 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. In general, the mold transformer is a transformer in which the core and the coil are not impregnated in the insulating oil, and the entire surface of the winding is cast and solidified by synthetic resin such as epoxy. It has been widely used in 22.9kV class transformers such as railways, buildings, apartments, and large-capacity consumers since the 1980s, targeting indoor water substation facilities requiring fire safety.

변압기의 수명을 30년으로 볼 때 1980년대부터 운전되기 시작한 몰드변압기가 현 시점에서 보아, 한계수명에 근접하고 있다. 그러나 몰드변압기는 육안점검에 의해 외형을 점검하고, 먼지 등의 이물질을 청소하는 유지보수 방법만이 시행되고 있 으며, 사고를 예방하기 위한 에폭시 절연물의 진단방법이 제시되지 못하고 있어, 수명에 근접한 몰드변압기의 사고 위험성이 상존해 있는 실정이다.In view of the life of the transformer for 30 years, the mold transformer, which has been in operation since the 1980s, is nearing the end of its life. However, the mold transformer is inspected only by visual inspection, and only maintenance methods for cleaning foreign substances such as dust are carried out.However, diagnostic methods for preventing epoxy insulators to prevent accidents have not been proposed. There is a risk of accidents in the transformer.

최근 몰드변압기의 고압측 권선 인출단에 부분방전 측정용 고압 세라믹 센서를 연결하여 신호를 측정하고, 고주파 필터, A/D 컨버터 및 신호처리용 변환기와 컴퓨터로 구성된 온라인 부분방전 측정시스템인 "몰드변압기용 고압측 권선 접촉식 온라인 부분방전측정시스템(특허10-0525830-0000, 2005.10.26)"이 특허로 공고되었으나, 상기 발명은 몰드변압기의 고압 권선에 직접 센서를 상시 연결함으로써, 오히려 센서에 의한 몰드변압기의 사고 가능성을 야기하고 있으며, 몰드변압기 권선에서의 부분방전 특성과 고압측 권선 인출단자 및 인출 케이블에서의 부분방전 특성이 동일하여, 몰드변압기 권선에서의 부분방전만을 측정하고 판별하기 어렵고, 22.9kV 몰드변압기의 용량이 작아 변압기의 가격에 대비하여 온라인 부분방전측정시스템의 가격이 상대적으로 높아 현장 적용이 어려운 실정이다.Recently, a high voltage ceramic sensor for measuring partial discharge is connected to the high-voltage winding lead-out of the mold transformer to measure a signal, and an on-line partial discharge measuring system composed of a high frequency filter, an A / D converter, a signal processing converter, and a computer is called "mold transformer." High voltage side winding contact on-line partial discharge measurement system (Patent 10-0525830-0000, 2005.10.26) has been published as a patent, but the present invention is connected by a sensor directly to the high-voltage winding of the mold transformer, It causes the accident of mold transformer, and the partial discharge characteristics of the mold transformer windings and the partial discharge characteristics of the high voltage side winding lead-out terminal and the outgoing cable are the same, so it is difficult to measure and discriminate only the partial discharge in the mold transformer windings. Due to the small capacity of the 22.9 kV mold transformer, the price of the on-line partial discharge measurement system is relatively low compared to the price of the transformer. It is difficult to apply on site.

본 발명의 목적은 초음파를 이용하여 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물의 건전성을 측정하고, 그 진전상태를 확인하기 위한 절연진단 방법을 제공함으로써, 종래의 몰드변압기의 효과적인 점검 및 진단방법이 제시되지 못하고 있는 점을 개선하도록 한, 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법을 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to provide an insulation diagnostic method for measuring the integrity of the epoxy insulator of the mold transformer using ultrasonic waves, and to provide an insulation diagnostic method for confirming the progress of the mold transformer, thereby preventing the effective inspection and diagnosis of the conventional mold transformer. It is to provide a mold transformer epoxy insulation insulation diagnostic method using ultrasonic scanning to improve the.

본 발명에 따라서, 철심 및 코일이 절연유 중에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 에폭시 등의 합성수지로 주형 고체화한 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단 방법에 있어서, 사전에 건전 상태의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파 신호를 이용하여 스캐닝하여 건전 데이터를 획득하는 단계; 검사할 몰드변압기에 대해서 이의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파 신호를 이용하여 스캐닝하여 측정 데이터를 획득하는 단계; 및 상기 건전 데이터와 상기 측정 데이터를 비교하여, 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 발생하였는지의 여부와 그 진전상태를 비교함으로써 몰드변압기의 절연의 성능저하 여부와 그 진전상태를 진단하는 단계를 포함하는, 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법이 제공된다.According to the present invention, in the method for diagnosing the insulation of an epoxy insulator of a mold transformer in which the iron core and the coil are not impregnated in the insulating oil and the entire surface of the winding is cast and solidified with synthetic resin such as epoxy, the ultrasonic signal in advance of the sound state is Scanning to obtain sound data; Scanning the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer to be inspected using ultrasonic signals to obtain measurement data; And comparing the sound data with the measured data, and diagnosing whether or not the performance of the insulation of the mold transformer is degraded by comparing whether the voids or cracks are generated in the epoxy insulator and the progress of the insulation. A method for diagnosing the insulation of a mold transformer epoxy insulation using ultrasonic scanning is provided.

몰드변압기를 육안점검에 의해 외형을 점검하고, 먼지 등의 이물질을 청소하는 유지보수 방법만이 시행되고 있어, 사고를 예방하기 위한 에폭시 절연물의 진단 방법이 제시되지 못한 점이, 본 발명에 따른 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 의해 해결될 수 있고, 이에 따라 에폭시 절연물의 진단이 가능해져 사고를 미연에 예방할 수 있다.Ultrasonic scanning according to the present invention is that only a maintenance method for inspecting the appearance of the mold transformer by visual inspection and cleaning foreign matters such as dust has been implemented, and thus a method for diagnosing an epoxy insulation for preventing an accident has not been presented. It can be solved by the mold transformer epoxy insulation insulation diagnostic method using, thus diagnosing the epoxy insulation can be prevented in advance.

본 발명에 따라, 아직까지 몰드변압기의 효과적인 점검 및 진단방법이 제시되지 못하고 있는 점을 개선하여 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물의 건전성을 측정하고, 그 진전상태를 확인하기 위한 절연진단 방법이 제공된다.According to the present invention, there is provided an insulation diagnosis method for measuring the integrity of the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer and checking its progress by improving the fact that an effective inspection and diagnosis method for the mold transformer has not been presented.

몰드변압기는 권선이 에폭시 등의 합성수지로 주형 고체화되어 있으므로, 절연성능이 저하하여 사고로 이어지기 위해서는 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 반드시 발생되어야 한다. 따라서 고체화된 에폭시 절연물 내부의 보이드나 크랙의 생성 여부와 그 진전상태를 측정하면 몰드변압기의 건전성을 확인할 수 있으며, 보이드나 크랙의 성장여부와 성장속도를 측정하면 에폭시 절연물의 열화진전상태를 확인할 수 있다. Since the mold transformer is cast and solidified with synthetic resin such as epoxy, voids or cracks must be generated inside the epoxy insulation to reduce the insulation performance and lead to an accident. Therefore, the integrity of the mold transformer can be confirmed by measuring the voids and cracks in the solidified epoxy insulator and the progress thereof, and the degradation progress of the epoxy insulator can be confirmed by measuring the growth and growth rate of the voids or cracks. have.

본 발명에서는 이러한 사실에 착안하여 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파를 이용하여 스캐닝하여 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 발생하였는지의 여부를 확인하고, 그 진전상태를 비교하므로써 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물의 절연성능 저하 여부와 그 진전상태를 진단하는 방법을 제시한다.In the present invention, the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer is scanned using ultrasonic waves to check whether voids or cracks have occurred inside the epoxy insulator and compare the progress of the mold transformer to reduce the insulation performance of the epoxy resin insulator. It suggests whether and how to diagnose its progress.

다음에 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법에 대해서 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 이하 기술한다.Next, a method for diagnosing a mold transformer epoxy insulation insulation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

앞에서도 언급한 바와 같이, 몰드변압기는 철심 및 코일이 절연유에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 에폭시 등의 합성수지로 주형 고체화한 변압기이다. As mentioned above, the mold transformer is a transformer in which the core and the coil are not impregnated with insulating oil, and the entire surface of the winding is cast and solidified with synthetic resin such as epoxy.

몰드변압기는, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 변압기 외부에 이차단자, 지지애자, 클램프, 지지블록, 상연결바, 탭절환반, 받침대, 바퀴, 방진고무가 구성되고, 개략적으로 내부는 철심, 일차 및 이차권선, 및 에폭시 수지, 등으로 구성되어 있다.Mold transformer, as shown in Figure 1, the secondary terminal, the insulator, the clamp, the support block, the upper connection bar, the tap-changer, the base, the wheel, the anti-vibration rubber is composed of the iron core, It consists of a primary and a secondary winding, an epoxy resin, etc.

권선은 저압권선과 고압권선으로 구분되며, 권선의 도체로는 동이나 알루미늄이 사용된다.Windings are divided into low-voltage windings and high-voltage windings. Copper and aluminum are used as conductors of the windings.

원통형으로 감겨진 권선은 에폭시 수지 등의 합성수지를 주입 또는 함침시켜 몰딩된다.The winding wound in a cylindrical shape is molded by injecting or impregnating a synthetic resin such as epoxy resin.

에폭시 수지 등의 합성수지로 주형화한 몰드변압기는 권선이 고체 절연물로 구성되어 있기 때문에 높은 절연성을 가진다. 그러나 몰드변압기는 절연물의 내부를 분해할 수 없으므로 절연물의 건전성을 확인하는 것이 곤란하다.The mold transformer molded by synthetic resin such as epoxy resin has high insulation because the winding is composed of a solid insulator. However, since the mold transformer cannot decompose the inside of the insulator, it is difficult to check the integrity of the insulator.

이에 대해서, 본 발명은 철심 및 코일이 절연유 중에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 수지 또는 수지를 포함한 절연재로 덮인 몰드변압기에 있어서, 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물의 열화상태를 측정하고, 그 진전상태를 감시할 수 있도록 하는 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법을 제공한다.In contrast, in the mold transformer in which the iron core and the coil are not impregnated in the insulating oil, and the entire surface of the winding is covered with the resin or the insulating material including the resin, the deterioration state of the epoxy insulator of the mold transformer is measured, and the progress state thereof is measured. The present invention provides a method for diagnosing the insulation of a mold transformer epoxy insulation using ultrasonic scanning for monitoring.

몰드변압기의 절연성능이 저하하여 사고로 이어지기 위해서는 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 반드시 발생되어야 한다. 또한 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물은 절연회복 특성이 없으므로, 보이드나 크랙이 발생하면 계속적으로 열화가 진행되어 절연파괴 사고로 진전된다. 따라서 고체화된 에폭시 절연물 내부의 보이드나 크랙의 생성 여부와 그 진전상태를 측정할 수 있다면 몰드변압기의 건전성을 확 인할 수 있으며, 보이드나 크랙의 성장여부와 성장속도를 측정하면 에폭시 절연물의 열화진전상태를 확인할 수 있다.To reduce the insulation performance of the mold transformer and lead to an accident, voids or cracks must be generated inside the epoxy insulation. In addition, since the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer has no insulation recovery characteristics, if voids or cracks occur, the deterioration proceeds continuously, leading to breakdown. Therefore, if the voids and cracks in the solidified epoxy insulator can be measured and their progress can be determined, the integrity of the mold transformer can be checked.The degradation progress of the epoxy insulator can be determined by measuring the growth and growth rate of the voids or cracks. You can check the status.

본 발명에서는 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드변압기 에폭시 절연물의 절연 상태를 진단한다.In the present invention, the insulation state of the mold transformer epoxy insulator using ultrasonic scanning is diagnosed.

몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물에 일정한 초음파 신호를 주입하면 에폭시 절연물 내부에서 임피던스가 다른 권선을 포함하여 보이드나 크랙 등에서 초음파 신호의 반사가 일어난다. 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물이 건전하여 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 존재하지 않는다면 초음파 신호는 권선에 의해서만 반사가 일어난다. 따라서 몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물 전 표면에 초음파 신호를 주입하면 건전한 상태의 초음파 스캐닝 데이터를 확보할 수 있다.When a certain ultrasonic signal is injected into the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer, reflection of the ultrasonic signal occurs in voids or cracks, including windings having different impedances inside the epoxy insulation. If the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer is sound and there are no voids or cracks inside, the ultrasonic signal is reflected only by the windings. Therefore, when the ultrasonic signal is injected to the entire surface of the epoxy insulator of the mold transformer, it is possible to secure the ultrasonic scanning data in a healthy state.

몰드변압기의 에폭시 절연물이 열화되어 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 발생하게 되면 주입된 초음파 신호는 보이드나 크랙에서 반사가 일어나므로, 보이드나 크랙 등의 위치와 형태를 측정할 수 있다.When the epoxy insulation of the mold transformer deteriorates and voids or cracks are generated in the epoxy insulation, the injected ultrasonic signals are reflected from the voids or cracks, and thus the position and shape of the voids or cracks can be measured.

이러한 초음파 스캐닝 데이터와 건전한 상태의 초음파 스캐닝 데이터를 비교하면 보이드나 크랙의 생성 여부를 확인할 수 있으며, 몰드변압기의 건전성을 확인할 수 있다.By comparing the ultrasonic scanning data with the ultrasonic scanning data in a healthy state, it is possible to check whether voids or cracks are generated and to check the soundness of the mold transformer.

또한 보이드나 크랙의 크기를 건전한 상태의 초음파 스캐닝 데이터와 비교하면 몰드변압기의 열화정도를 알 수 있고, 보이드나 크랙의 크기가 성장되는 속도를 측정하면 몰드변압기의 열화진전상태를 확인할 수 있다. In addition, when the size of the voids or cracks is compared with the ultrasonic scanning data in a healthy state, the degree of deterioration of the mold transformer can be known, and the rate of growth of the size of the voids or cracks can be measured to determine the progress of deterioration of the mold transformer.

도 1은 몰드변압기의 구조를 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a view showing the structure of a mold transformer.

Claims (1)

철심 및 코일이 절연유 중에 함침되지 않고, 권선의 전 표면이 에폭시 합성수지로 주형 고체화한 몰드변압기에 대해 For mold transformers in which iron cores and coils are not impregnated in insulating oil and the entire surface of the winding is cast and solidified with epoxy resin 사전에 건전 상태의 에폭시 절연물에 대해 초음파를 이용해서 건전 데이터를 획득하고, 검사할 몰드변압기에 대해 이의 에폭시 절연물을 초음파를 이용해서 측정 데이터를 획득하며, 상기 건전 데이터와 상기 측정 데이터를 비교하여 에폭시 절연물의 절연상태를 진단하는 방법에 있어서, Acquisition of sound data using ultrasonic waves for epoxy insulation in a sound state in advance, measurement data using ultrasonic waves of the epoxy insulation material of the mold transformer to be inspected, and comparison of the sound data with the measurement data for epoxy In the method of diagnosing the insulation state of an insulator, 상기 초음파를 이용한 건전 데이타와 측정 데이터는 초음파 신호로 스캐닝을 하여 획득하는 것을 특징으로 하는 상기 건전 데이터와 상기 측정 데이터를 비교하여 에폭시 절연물 내부에 보이드나 크랙이 발생하였는지의 여부와 그 진전상태를 비교하고 몰드변압기의 절연의 성능저하 여부와 그 진전상태를 진단하는 초음파 스캐닝을 이용한 몰드 변압기 에폭시 절연물 절연 진단방법.The sound data and the measurement data using the ultrasonic waves are obtained by scanning with an ultrasonic signal, and comparing the sound data with the measured data to compare whether or not voids or cracks have occurred inside the epoxy insulator and its progress state. And a method for diagnosing insulation of a mold transformer epoxy insulation using ultrasonic scanning for diagnosing whether the insulation of the mold transformer is degraded and its progress.
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JPS6484162A (en) * 1987-09-26 1989-03-29 Yaskawa Denki Seisakusho Kk Diagnosing device for insulation in hot-line
JPH10260166A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-09-29 Meidensha Corp Apparatus and method for diagnosis of degradation of insulation
JP2004271257A (en) * 2003-03-06 2004-09-30 Toshiba Corp Method and apparatus for diagnosing insulation deterioration in electric equipment
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JPS6484162A (en) * 1987-09-26 1989-03-29 Yaskawa Denki Seisakusho Kk Diagnosing device for insulation in hot-line
JPH10260166A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-09-29 Meidensha Corp Apparatus and method for diagnosis of degradation of insulation
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