KR100979177B1 - Wind-turbine apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A wind turbine device is provided to improve power generating efficiency by locating the wind turbine device inside a duct structure and increasing wind speed. CONSTITUTION: A wind turbine device comprises a hollow duct(10), a supporter(12), a rotary shaft(14), and multiple blades(16). The hollow duct has a cambered airfoil cross-section. The supporter is fixed to the inner surface of the hollow duct. The rotary shaft is rotatably installed in the center of the supporter. The blades are radially fixed to the rotary shaft.

Description

Wind Power Generators {Wind-Turbine Apparatus}

The present invention relates to a wind power generator having a wind speed increasing device that can improve the output of the wind power generator by converting a low speed inflow wind into a high speed. More specifically, the present invention consists of a cross section shape of the airfoil (airfoil) having a curvature inside the cylinder to increase the average speed of the wind flowing into the wind turbine, and even at high wind speed the rotational speed of the wind turbine It relates to a wind power generator that can be maintained at a constant level.

Recently, the market demand for small wind power generators is increasing not only in Korea but also in the world, due to the rapid rise in oil prices and the rapidly increasing social interest in utilizing renewable energy. Wind generators rotate using aerodynamic forces such as lift and drag generated from the blades. In order to improve the performance of wind generators, high density and high speed winds must be introduced into the wind turbine rotors in the atmosphere. In general, it is difficult to expect such winds in the wind direction of Korea (especially in urban areas). However, in most countries, including Korea, the average speed of natural winds has been found to be as low as 2-4 m / s except for coastal areas. Therefore, in order to ensure the useful utility of small wind turbines for personal and commercial purposes, it is necessary to maximize the output of the wind turbine even at such low wind speed levels, while it is necessary to keep the noise level generated as low as possible.

나타나게 된다. (P: 풍력발전기의 출력,

: 파워계수(Power Coefficient),

:공기의 밀도(조류발전기의 경우는 물의 밀도), V: 풍속(또는 유속), A: 블레이드 회전면 면적). 상기 수학식에서도 볼 수 있듯이 풍력 및 조류 발전기의 출력은 유입속도의 세제곱에 비례하게 되므로 효율을 증가시키는 가장 좋은 방법은 블레이드로 유입되는 유속을 증가시키는 것임을 알 수 있다. 즉, 유속(풍속)이 2배 증가하게 되면 동일 파워계수를 가지는 풍력발전기의 발전량은 무려 8배나 증가하게 된다. The amount of power generated by wind turbines or tidal current generators

Will appear. (P: wind power output,

: Power Coefficient,

: Air density (water density in the case of algae generators), V: wind speed (or flow rate), A: blade rotation surface area. As can be seen in the above equation, since the output of the wind and tidal current generators is proportional to the cube of the inflow rate, it can be seen that the best way to increase the efficiency is to increase the flow rate into the blade. In other words, if the flow velocity (wind speed) is increased twice, the power generation amount of the wind power generator having the same power coefficient is increased by eight times.

Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0101338 discloses a wind power generator having a stator for guiding wind from a high place on the surface in order to maximize wind energy. The prior art can improve the flow rate of the wind through the stator to some extent, but it is composed of a cylindrical vane difficult to increase the speed of the incoming wind, the problem that must be installed at a high place from the surface to increase the speed of the wind have.

In addition, when the wind turbine having the above configuration is installed in the upper part of the building, on the roadside or in a densely populated area, there is a problem in that the blade fragments fly off, causing loss of life and physical damage.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is to locate a wind power (or tidal current) generation device inside a duct structure having an airfoil cross section with a camber It is to maximize the efficiency of the wind turbine by increasing the speed of the wind flowing into the wind turbine by ensuring that the incoming air receives an appropriate angle of attack.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to automatically generate a yaw moment of the wind turbine with respect to the tower axis when the inflow wind speed is increased so that the direction of the wind turbine is shifted relative to the wind direction, the wind The proper power can be controlled by adjusting the inflow direction of.

In addition, even if the blade breaks at high speed rotation, the duct structure is intended to block the radial dynamics of the primary broken blade.

The wind speed generator of the present invention includes a hollow duct (10) having a camber-type airfoil cross section to increase the wind speed of the wind flowing into the interior; A support 12 fixed to an inner surface of the hollow duct 10; A rotating shaft 14 rotatably installed in the center of the support 12; And a plurality of blades 16 fixed radially from the rotational shaft 14, wherein the diameter D _d of the inner surface 10a of the cross section of the hollow duct 10 is the plurality of blades 16. It is characterized in that between 102% and 130% of the diameter (D _b ) of both ends of the symmetrically formed blade.

In addition, the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10 has a main direction pin 22 formed to stand upright in the same direction as the tower 1 supporting the hollow duct 10, and the main direction pin ( And a plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30 formed on the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the installation direction of 22), and the plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30, respectively. Has an angle of attack.

In addition, one of the plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30 extends outwardly from the bottom of the pin body 31 and the bottom of the pin body 31, and the outer surface of the hollow duct 10 ( It includes a rotary shaft 36 formed through the 10b, and a rotation support spring 37 fitted to the rotary shaft 36, which is installed on the inner surface of the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10. It features.

In addition, a tower (1) is formed below the hollow duct (10), and the tower (1) and the tower so that the hollow duct 10 can yaw movement with respect to the tower (1) A slip ring member 40 is installed between the hollow ducts 10, and the slip ring member 40 includes a slip ring support part 42 having an end portion provided in the tower 1, and the slip ring support part ( One end is rotatably inserted into the 42, characterized in that it comprises a rotating shaft 44, the other end is coupled to the outer surface (10b) of the hollow duct (10).

In addition, the rotating shaft 14 is installed at a point between 15% and 35% in the direction of the cord (Cd) from the leading edge (LE) of the camber-type airfoil in the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the hollow duct (10). It is done.

The present invention increases the speed of the wind passing through the hollow airfoil duct structure in a region, season, climate, etc. where the wind volume or wind speed does not occur sufficiently to enable the operation of the wind turbine, and thus high output to the wind turbine. Has the effect of inducing to produce (Power).

In addition, the present invention has an effect that can control the power of the wind power generator by adjusting the inflow direction of the wind so that the direction of the wind turbine is relatively shifted with the direction of the wind when the inflow wind speed is excessively increased.

In addition, the wind turbine generator according to the present invention can be applied to a variety of horizontal (horizontal-axis) or vertical-axis (vertical-axis) blade type therein, there is an advantage that can significantly reduce the noise generated during operation, It can be usefully applied to the design and manufacture of algae generators.

In addition, when the present invention is installed in the upper part of the building, the roadside and the densely populated area, there is a safety effect that can prevent in advance the life and property damage that may occur due to the crashed blade blown off.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention.

1 is a perspective view of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wind turbine generator according to the invention, Figure 3 is a detailed configuration of the direction pin of the wind turbine generator according to the invention, Figure 4 5 is a detailed configuration diagram of a slip ring of a wind turbine according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a CFD analysis result diagram when the wind speed flowing into the wind turbine according to the present invention is 4 m / s. Is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the wind speed flowing into the wind turbine according to the present invention is 7m / s, Figure 7 is the wind speed flowing into the wind turbine according to the present invention is 10m / s CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis results. 8 is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the hollow duct cross section of the wind power generator according to the present invention has a symmetrical airfoil shape, and the incoming wind speed is 7 m / s.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generator according to the present invention has a hollow duct 10 and a hollow duct 10 having a cambered airfoil cross section so as to increase the wind speed of the wind flowing therein. It is composed of a tower (1) for supporting. The hollow duct 10 having a camber-type airfoil cross section is formed with an inner surface 10a and an outer surface 10b through which wind is introduced.

In the hollow duct 10, a support 12 fixed to an inner surface of the hollow duct 10 is formed to support the rotating shaft 14 for rotating the blade of the wind turbine. In addition, the hollow duct may have a circular, square or octagonal duct shape according to the manufacturability and the type of the wind turbine, the longitudinal cross section is an airfoil shape with a camber, the cross section of the airfoil formed up and down is received angle with respect to the horizontal plane It can be formed with. The rotating shaft 14 is rotatably installed in the center of the support 12, and the plurality of blades 16 are radially formed from the rotating shaft 14. As one embodiment of the present invention, but the blade 16 is composed of six, it may be formed in the number of three, four, eight.

A plurality of direction pins 22, 24, 30 are formed on the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10 so that the hollow duct 10 faces the wind direction. According to one embodiment of the invention, the plurality of direction pins (22, 24, 30) is a main direction pin 22 formed to stand upright in the same direction as the tower (1) for supporting the hollow duct 10, It is composed of a plurality of side direction pins (24, 30) formed on the outer surface (10b) of the hollow duct 10 to be symmetric with respect to the installation direction of the direction pin (22). The plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30 are formed to have a receiving angle of 5 ?? to 15 ?? with respect to the wind flowing into the horizontal plane so that the receiving angle from the wind can be adjusted in the direction of the hollow duct 10. This is to maximize the internal wind speed and flow rate by allowing the cross section airfoil shape in the duct length to have a sufficient lift coefficient into the duct. In general, the lift angle of the longitudinal cross-section airfoil may not be sufficient at the angle of attack below 5 ??, and the lift coefficient may be considerably reduced due to stall generation at the angle of attack above 15 ??, which may reduce the efficiency of the duct-type wind turbine. .

The air inlet shape of the hollow duct 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is shown as a circle, but may be formed as a square, a rectangle, a hexagon, or an octagon, etc. Self-explanatory

The wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention has three directional pins for directional control thereof, but the wind turbine generator can be adjusted to face the wind direction through one main directional pin. In addition, when mounting three direction pins may be installed at intervals of 120 degrees along the circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the hollow duct 10 around the central axis when viewed from the front.

The slip ring member 40 is a hollow duct (10) so that the hollow duct 10 can be directed in the wind direction so that the yaw moment motion, which is a rotational movement with respect to the tower (1), that is, a rotation axis upright from the horizontal plane, It is provided between the 10 and the tower (1).

Referring to FIG. 2, the inner surface 10a of the hollow duct 10 is formed in a cambered airfoil cross section so that the diameter D _d continuously changes along the direction of the wind. The plurality of blades 16 have a diameter D _{b of} both ends of the blades symmetrically formed with each other as a rotation diameter.

The diameter D _d of the inner surface 10a of the hollow duct 10 is preferably between 102% and 130% of the diameter D _{b of} both ends of the symmetrically formed blades among the plurality of blades 16. This is to take advantage of the tendency that the local wind speed flowing into the hollow duct 10 is maximum at the cylinder wall, ie the blade tip position.

The material of the hollow duct 10 having a camber-type airfoil cross section may be made of a metal plate, an aluminum alloy, a composite material, a styrofoam, a cloth for a tent, and the like. It can be manufactured in the form.

The cross section of the hollow duct 10 is formed in the form of a cambered airfoil (cambered airfoil) to form a leading edge (LE; Leading Edge) of the airfoil, and has a predetermined cord (C _d ) length. The installation point of the wind power generator of the present invention, that is, the blade 16 and the hub 14 of the rotating shaft 14 is at the front edge LE based on the length of the airfoil cord C _d which is a section where the inflow wind speed is most increased. It is preferable to mount at the 15-35% position. This is to obtain the maximum effect at the point where the wind speed is the maximum because the amount of power generated in the wind generator is proportional to the third power of the speed.

Referring to FIG. 3, one direction pin 30 of the plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30 has a means for pitch rotational movement with respect to the hollow duct 10. The lateral direction pin 30 is a pin body 31 for the pitch movement, the reinforcing plate 34 is installed on the inner surface of the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10, and the pin body 31 Is formed extending from the bottom to the outside, the rotary shaft 36 is formed through the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10 and the center of gravity of the reinforcing plate 34, and is fitted to the rotary shaft 36 , Rotating support spring 37 is fixedly installed on the reinforcement plate (34).

The pin body 31 is coupled to the hollow duct 10 to form a pitch motion. The rotary shaft 36 may extend toward the hollow duct 10 on the bottom surface of the fin body 31, that is, the surface contacting the hollow duct 10. The rotating shaft 36 is formed through the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10, and the pin body 31 is the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10 about the rotating shaft 36. It can slide about) and do pitch movement.

The reinforcement plate 34 is coupled to the inner side of the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10, and may be installed to reinforce the coupling portion strength of the hollow duct 10 and the lateral direction pins 30. . The reinforcement plate 34 may be coupled with screws 35, bolts, welds, or adhesives.

The rotating shaft 36 may be installed to penetrate the center of gravity of the reinforcing plate 34 coupled to the inner side of the outer surface 10b to support the rotational movement of the side direction pin 30. In the case of the vertical axis wind power generator, the support 12 is present only in the vertical direction, and the blade mounted about the axis rotates.

The rotation support spring 37 may be a torsion spring that is commonly used. In this embodiment, a torsion spring that is fitted and fixed to the central axis, one end and the other end is fixed to the reference plane to provide a torsional elasticity to the central axis can be used. Rotation support spring 37 is fitted to the rotation shaft 36 is fixed and one end and the side end may be fixed to the reinforcing plate 34 to be installed. Accordingly, the rotation support spring 37 provides the torsional elasticity to the rotational shaft 36 so that the lateral direction pin 30 has a pitch rotational angle when the wind blows at a high speed so as to overcome the elasticity. To generate the increased moment in the yaw direction to the (10), and if the wind speed decreases, the lateral direction pin 30 is restored to the original installation point so that the hollow duct 10 in the original wind direction It has the effect of letting go.

The direction pin rotation shaft 36 is installed at a point behind the aerodynamic center of the direction pin between 40% and 80% of the length of the cord Cd from the front end LE of the camber-type airfoil of the duct 10 shown in FIG. It is preferable. This is done by placing the pitch rotation axis behind the aerodynamic center of the directional pin (generally, the aerodynamic center of a rectangular wing is located at 25% in the direction of the root chord and is changed according to the plane shape of the vane). This is to make the rotational motion of the direction pin better by increasing the amount of moment generated.

According to the present invention, since only the direction pins 30 formed on one side of the direction pins 24 and 30 formed on both sides are capable of pitch movement with respect to the hollow duct 10, the pitch movement when high-speed wind blows. This possible direction pin 30 has a larger wind receiving angle than the direction pin 24 is impossible pitch movement, the force acting by the wind on the direction pins (24, 30) formed on both sides is changed to the hollow It can be manufactured such that a sufficient yaw moment is created for the directional rotation of the mold duct 10. This is aerodynamically, the duct-shaped shape itself has a characteristic to maintain in the same direction as the direction of the wind, in order to overcome the above the designed wind speed level and to be in a state of the wind direction. By this action, the wind turbine generator according to the present invention at high speed has a slight inclination with the inflow direction of the wind, it is possible to control the power of the wind turbine generator accordingly. As a result, a pitch rotation shaft with a rotation spring attached to any one of the left and right side direction pins among the three direction pins can be utilized for automatic brake use at high wind speeds.

Referring to FIG. 4, a slip ring member 40 is installed between the tower 1 and the duct 10 so that the wind power generator according to the present invention can yaw about the axis of the tower 1.

The slip ring member 40 is provided with a slip ring support portion 42 having an end portion provided to the tower 1, and one end of the slip ring support portion 42 is rotatably inserted, and an outer surface 10b of the duct 10. Rotating shaft 44 is coupled to the other end. The rotating shaft 44 connected to the duct 10 is relatively rotatable with respect to the slip ring support 42, and the hollow shaft duct (eg, through the plurality of direction pins 22, 24, and 30 that change in direction with the wind) 10) to face in the wind direction.

5 to 7 are results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis showing how the wind speed increases with the wind flowing through the wind turbine according to the present invention. 5 to 7 show the results of performing precise three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis in consideration of the Navier-Stokes governing equation and the turbulent flow viscous effect to verify the effect of the present invention under various wind speed conditions.

Computational fluid dynamics numerical analyzes were performed for natural wind conditions of 4, 7 and 10 m / s, which are the operating speed levels of a typical small wind turbine. Looking at the results, it can be seen that the wind speed increasing device of the present invention has a speed increasing effect of about 1.8 to 2.3 times at the point where the wind power generator is installed.

The air velocity flowing into the airfoil duct 10 under the conditions flowing in the wind speed 4m / s shown in FIG. 5 has been increased to 8m / s, the airfoil under the conditions flowing in the wind speed 7m / s shown in FIG. The wind speed flowing into the duct 10 was increased to 14m / s, the wind speed flowing into the airfoil duct 10 under the conditions flowing into the wind speed 10m / s shown in Figure 7 increased to 20m / s. That is, it can be confirmed that the wind speed of using the wind power generator of the present invention is increased by 2 times or more than the wind speed in the general operating wind speed range. For reference, when the symmetrical airfoil without the angle of attack shown in FIG. 8 is applied, it can be seen that the wind speed increase effect is weak in the duct under the wind speed condition flowing into 7 m / s. Therefore, it can be clearly confirmed that a sufficient effect of the increase in wind speed can be achieved only by applying the duct-type wind power generator having the cross section of the camber-type airfoil of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. The description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention is represented by the following claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning, scope, and equivalent concept of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention. Should be interpreted as

1 is a perspective view of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention

2 is a cross-sectional view of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention.

3 is a detailed configuration diagram of the direction pin of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention

4 is a detailed configuration of the slip ring of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention

5 is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the wind speed flowing into the wind power generator according to the present invention is 4m / s

6 is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the wind speed flowing into the wind power generator according to the present invention is 7m / s

7 is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the wind speed flowing into the wind power generator according to the present invention 10m / s

8 is a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) analysis result when the hollow duct cross section of the wind power generator according to the present invention has a symmetrical airfoil shape, and the incoming wind speed is 7 m / s.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: tower

10: hollow duct 10a: inner surface

10b: outer surface 12: support

14: rotation axis 16: blade

22: main direction pin 24: side direction pin

30: side direction pin 31: pin body

34: reinforcement plate 36: rotation axis

37: rotating support spring

40: slip ring member 42: slip ring support

44: rotation axis

Claims (5)

delete A hollow duct 10 having a cambered airfoil cross section to increase the wind speed of the wind flowing into the inside; A support 12 fixed to an inner surface of the hollow duct 10; A rotating shaft 14 rotatably installed in the center of the support 12; And It includes a plurality of blades 16 fixed radially from the rotation axis 14, The diameter D _d of the inner surface 10a of the cross section of the hollow duct 10 is between 102% and 130% of the diameter D _{b of} both ends of the blades symmetrically formed among the plurality of blades 16, The outer surface 10b of the hollow duct has a main direction pin 22 formed to stand upright in the same direction as the tower 1 supporting the hollow duct 10 and an installation direction of the main direction pin 22. It includes a plurality of side direction pins (24, 30) formed on the outer surface (10b) of the hollow duct 10 to be symmetric with respect to, The plurality of side direction pins (24, 30) is a wind turbine characterized in that it has a receiving angle. 3. The method of claim 2, One of the plurality of side direction pins 24 and 30 With the pin body 31, A rotating shaft 36 extending outward from the bottom surface of the pin body 31 and formed through the outer surface 10b of the hollow duct 10; And a rotation support spring (37) fitted to the rotary shaft (36) and installed on an inner surface of an outer surface (10b) of the hollow duct (10). The method of claim 2 or 3, A tower 1 is formed below the hollow duct 10, A slip ring member 40 is installed between the tower 1 and the hollow duct 10 to allow the hollow duct 10 to yaw with respect to the tower 1. The slip ring member 40 is provided with a slip ring support portion 42 having an end portion installed in the tower 1, and one end of the slip ring support portion 42 rotatably inserted therein, and the hollow duct 10 Wind turbines, characterized in that it comprises a rotating shaft 44, the other end is coupled to the outer surface (10b) of the. The method of claim 2 or 3, The rotating shaft 14 is installed at a point between 15% and 35% in the direction of the cord (Cd) from the front edge (LE) of the camber-type airfoil in the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the hollow duct (10). Wind power generation device.

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