KR100957983B1 - Method for treating the surface of ferritic stainless steel having superior corrosion resistance in the welding zone - Google Patents
Method for treating the surface of ferritic stainless steel having superior corrosion resistance in the welding zone Download PDFInfo
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- KR100957983B1 KR100957983B1 KR1020070134546A KR20070134546A KR100957983B1 KR 100957983 B1 KR100957983 B1 KR 100957983B1 KR 1020070134546 A KR1020070134546 A KR 1020070134546A KR 20070134546 A KR20070134546 A KR 20070134546A KR 100957983 B1 KR100957983 B1 KR 100957983B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
- B24B21/04—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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Abstract
본 발명은 용접부 내식성이 우수한 페라이트 스테인리스강의 표면 처리방법에 관한 것으로, 질량 %로 C: 0초과 0.02%이하, N: 0초과 0.02%이하, S: 0초과 0.01%이하, Si: 0초과 0.7%이하, Cr: 21초과 25%이하, Ni: 0초과 0.8% 이하, Cu: 0초과 0.8% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피하게 함유되는 원소로 이루어지고, (Ti+Nb)/(C+N) 비가 10 이상이며, Ti+Nb≤0.5%를 만족하는 스테인리스강의 표면을 mesh 120~800의 연마제를 사용하여 연마를 실시하되, 상기 연마제는 최소한 2200rpm으로 회전하는 연마벨트에 부착되어 연마를 실시하는 단계를 포함한다.The present invention relates to a surface treatment method of ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance of welded parts, in terms of mass%, C: greater than 0 and less than 0.02%, N: greater than 0 and less than 0.02%, S: greater than 0, 0.01% and less, Si: greater than 0, 0.7%. Cr: 21% or more and 25% or less, Ni: 0% or more and 0.8% or less, Cu: 0% or more and 0.8% or less, the balance Fe and inevitably contained elements, and the (Ti + Nb) / (C + N) ratio At least 10, and the surface of the stainless steel satisfying Ti + Nb ≤ 0.5% using a polishing agent of mesh 120 ~ 800, the polishing agent is attached to the polishing belt rotating at least 2200rpm to perform the polishing step Include.
페라이트계 스테인리스강, 용접 열영향부, 표면 처리, 연마 Ferritic stainless steels, weld heat affected zone, surface treatment, polished
Description
본 발명은 용접부 내식성이 우수한 페라이트 스테인리스강의 표면 처리방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 고가인 Ni을 1% 이하 함유하면서도 오스테나이트계 304강과 비교하여 동등한 수준의 내식성을 확보할 수 있는 페라이트 스테인리스강의 표면 처리방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a surface treatment method of ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance of welds, and more particularly, to a surface of ferritic stainless steel containing 1% or less of expensive Ni and securing an equivalent level of corrosion resistance as compared to an austenitic 304 steel. It relates to a treatment method.
주 성분이 18% Cr-8% Ni인 합금이며, 범용 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강인 304강은 엘리베이터 및 건축 내외장재 등에서 보편적으로 사용되고 있다. 하지만 304강은 고가인 Ni의 함량이 높아 소재가격이 비싸기 때문에, Ni을 전혀 함유하지 않은 16% Cr 범용 페라이트계 스테인리스강인 430강이 대체 용도로 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 430강은 304강에 비하여 내식성이 열악해 내구성이 떨어지며, 동시에 염소이온이 존재하는 환경에서 장시간 사용시 공식 등이 발생하여 외관이 손상되는 문제점이 있다.It is an alloy whose main component is 18% Cr-8% Ni, and 304 steel, which is a general-purpose austenitic stainless steel, is commonly used in elevators and building interior and exterior materials. However, since 304 steel has a high content of expensive Ni and a high material price, 430 steel, which is a 16% Cr general-purpose ferritic stainless steel containing no Ni, is widely used as an alternative. However, 430 steel is poor in corrosion resistance compared to 304 steel, the durability is poor, at the same time there is a problem that the appearance is damaged by the formula occurs when used for a long time in the environment in the presence of chlorine ions.
본 발명은 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 내식성을 향상시키는 Cr, Cu, Ni 및 Si 함량을 적절히 조절하고, 용접 열영향부의 내식성 저하를 방지하기 위해서 표면 처리를 수행함으로써, 304강과 동일한 수준의 내식성을 갖는 페라이트계 스테인리스강을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. The present invention has the same level of corrosion resistance as 304 steel by appropriately adjusting the Cr, Cu, Ni and Si content to improve the corrosion resistance in order to solve the above problems, and by performing a surface treatment to prevent the corrosion resistance of the weld heat affected zone. It is an object to provide a ferritic stainless steel.
본 발명의 목적은 이상에서 언급한 목적들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급되지 않은 또 다른 목적은 아래의 기재로부터 당업자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다. The object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
상술한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 용접부 내식성이 우수한 페라이트 스테인리스강의 표면 처리방법은 질량 %로 C: 0초과 0.02%이하, N: 0초과 0.02%이하, S: 0초과 0.01%이하, Si: 0초과 0.7%이하, Cr: 21초과 25%이하, Ni: 0초과 0.8% 이하, Cu: 0초과 0.8% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피하게 함유되는 원소로 이루어지고, (Ti+Nb)/(C+N) 비가 10 이상이며, Ti+Nb≤0.5%를 만족하는 스테인리스강의 표면을 mesh 120~800의 연마제를 사용하여 연마를 실시하되, 상기 연마제는 최소한 2200rpm으로 회전하는 연마벨트에 부착되어 연마를 실시한다.In order to achieve the above object, the surface treatment method of the ferritic stainless steel having excellent weld corrosion resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention is the mass% C: more than 0 and 0.02% or less, N: more than 0 and 0.02% or less, S: more than 0 0.01% or less, Si: more than 0 and 0.7%, Cr: 21 and 25% or less, Ni: 0 or more and 0.8% or less, Cu: 0 or more and 0.8% or less, balance Fe and inevitably contained elements (Ti Polish the surface of stainless steel with + Nb) / (C + N) ratio of 10 or more and satisfy Ti + Nb ≦ 0.5% using an abrasive of
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의하면, Ni의 함량이 적고, 오스테나이트계 304강과 동등한 수준의 내식성이 확보되는 페라이트계 스테인리스강의 표면 처리방법이 제공된다. As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a surface treatment method of ferritic stainless steel having a low Ni content and ensuring corrosion resistance equivalent to that of austenitic 304 steel.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 발명강에서는 Ni을 다량 함유한 304강과 동등한 수준의 내식성을 확보하기 위하여, 페라이트계 스테인리스강에 Cr 함량을 증가시켰다. 또한, 고 Cr강의 장점인 내식성을 극대화 하기 위하여, Cu, Si, Ti 및 Nb 등의 원소가 내식성에 미치는 영향을 밝혀내었으며, 그 함량을 경제적인 수준에서 적절히 조절함으로써 우수한 내식성을 갖는 고 Cr 페라이트계 스테인리스강의 성분계를 설정하였다. In the invention steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to secure corrosion resistance equivalent to that of the 304 steel containing a large amount of Ni, Cr content was increased in the ferritic stainless steel. In addition, in order to maximize the corrosion resistance, which is the advantage of high Cr steel, the effects of elements such as Cu, Si, Ti, and Nb on the corrosion resistance were found, and high Cr ferrite having excellent corrosion resistance by appropriately adjusting its content at an economic level. The component system of the system stainless steel was set.
이하 본 발명의 특징을 작용과 함께 설명하기로 하며, 먼저 본 발명의 조성범위와 한정이유를 설명한다.Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be described with the action, and the composition range and the reason for limitation of the present invention will be described first.
C 및 N은 오스테나이트 형성 원소로 고온 내식성에 특별한 영향을 미치지는 않는다. C는 과다 첨가시 Cr과 반응하여 크롬탄화물을 생성시키며 그 결과 내식성이 저하되고, 페라이트계 강의 연신율과 용접성이 저하된다.C and N are austenite forming elements and have no special effect on high temperature corrosion resistance. When C is excessively added, it reacts with Cr to form chromium carbide. As a result, corrosion resistance is lowered, and elongation and weldability of ferritic steel are lowered.
또한, N를 첨가하면, 강도와 내공식성이 향상된다는 이점은 있으나, 첨가량이 과다하면 연신율 등 가공성이 저하되는 단점이 있다. In addition, when N is added, there is an advantage that the strength and pitting resistance are improved. However, when N is added, there is a disadvantage in that workability such as elongation is lowered.
따라서, 본 발명강에서는 C 및 N의 함량을 각각 0.02%이하로 제한한다.Therefore, the present invention limits the content of C and N to 0.02% or less, respectively.
Ti 및 Nb는 C, N 원소를 (Ti, Nb)(C, N) 석출물로 안정화시키고, 고온에서 Cr 탄화물 석출을 억제하므로 내식성을 향상시킨다. 또한, 소둔 열처리 시 결정립 미세화로 재결정 집합조직을 제어하여 가공성을 향상 시키고, 오렌지 필(Orange Peel)의 발생을 방지한다. 그러나, 과다 첨가 시 가공성 저하와 리징(Ridging)과 같은 표면결함이 발생되므로, (Ti+Nb)/(C+N)을 10 이상으로, Ti + Nb의 총합은 0.5% 이하로 제한된다. Ti and Nb stabilize C and N elements with (Ti, Nb) (C, N) precipitates, and inhibit the Cr carbide precipitation at high temperatures, thereby improving corrosion resistance. In addition, the annealing heat treatment to control the recrystallized texture by refining grains to improve the workability, and prevent the generation of orange peel (Orange Peel). However, when excessively added, defects in workability and surface defects such as ridging occur, such that (Ti + Nb) / (C + N) is 10 or more, and the total amount of Ti + Nb is limited to 0.5% or less.
Ni은 부식이 전파되는 과정에서 부식속도를 늦추어 내식성을 향상시키는 원소이다. 오스테나이트상의 안정화 원소인 Ni의 첨가량이 과다하면, 페라이트 상의 안정에 나쁜 영향을 미쳐 가공성이 저하되므로 함량을 0.8% 이하로 제한한다.Ni is an element that improves corrosion resistance by slowing down the corrosion rate during the propagation of corrosion. When the addition amount of Ni, which is a stabilizing element of the austenite phase, is excessively bad, it has a bad effect on the stability of the ferrite phase and the workability is lowered, so the content is limited to 0.8% or less.
Cr은 스테인리스강의 안정된 산화 피막형성을 촉진하는 원소로서 내식성에 가장 유효한 원소이다. 과다하게 첨가하는 경우 열간 압연 시 치밀한 산화 스케일이 생성되고, 그 결과 스티킹(Sticking) 결함이 증가하게 된다. 따라서, 그 함량을 21~25%로 제한한다.Cr is an element which promotes stable oxide film formation of stainless steel and is the most effective element for corrosion resistance. Excessive addition results in a dense oxidation scale during hot rolling, resulting in an increase in sticking defects. Therefore, the content is limited to 21-25%.
Si는 스테인리스강에서 부동태 피막을 강화하여 내식성을 향상시키는 매우 유용한 원소이다. 그러나, 과다 첨가시 연신율을 저하시키므로 그 함량을 0.7% 이하로 제한한다.Si is a very useful element for improving the corrosion resistance by strengthening the passivation film in stainless steel. However, the content is limited to 0.7% or less since the elongation is lowered when added excessively.
Cu는 페라이트 강의 열간가공성을 저하시키나, 부식 전파속도를 저하시켜 내식성을 향상시키는 원소이다. 열간가공성을 확보하기 위해서 그 함량을 0.8% 이하로 제한한다.Cu is an element that lowers the hot workability of ferritic steel but lowers the corrosion propagation speed to improve corrosion resistance. In order to ensure hot workability, the content is limited to 0.8% or less.
S는 MnS 등 개재물을 형성하여, 내식성 및 열간 가공성을 저해하므로 가능한한 낮게 관리하는 것이 좋다. 따라서 그 함량을 0.01% 이하로 제한한다.S forms inclusions, such as MnS, and inhibits corrosion resistance and hot workability, and it is good to manage S as low as possible. Therefore, the content is limited to 0.01% or less.
도 1은 내식성 실험에 사용된 강의 화학 조성, ASTM B117 시험법에 의해 144시간 염수분무 후 수행되는 용접 열영향부 표면처리 조건 및 녹 발생 유무를 나타내는 표이다. 1 is a table showing the chemical composition of the steel used in the corrosion resistance test, weld heat affected zone surface treatment conditions and the presence of rust generated after 144 hours salt spray by ASTM B117 test method.
도 1에서 도시된 각각의 강에 있어서, 주성분인 Cr의 함량은 14~21.5%의 범위 내이며, 그 외에 기타 내식성에 영향을 주는 Cu, Si, Ni, Nb 함량을 각기 다르 게 하여 내식성 실험을 행하였다. 도 1에서 도시된 각각 다른 조성의 강을 진공 유도 용해로를 이용하여 잉코트(Ingot)로 주조하고, 열간압연, 냉간압연 및 소둔산세를 행하여 이를 1.0mm 두께의 냉연판으로 만든 후에 내식성 실험을 행하였다. In each steel shown in FIG. 1, the content of Cr as a main component is in the range of 14 to 21.5%, and in addition to the Cu, Si, Ni, and Nb contents affecting other corrosion resistance, the corrosion resistance experiment was performed. It was done. Steels of different compositions shown in FIG. 1 were cast in an ingot using a vacuum induction melting furnace, subjected to hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing to form 1.0 mm thick cold rolled plates, followed by corrosion resistance experiments. It was.
이하에서는 용접 열영향부의 표면 처리조건을 달리하여 표면을 처리한 각각의 강에 대하여, ASTM B117을 사용하여 144시간 염수분무를 수행하였다. 그 후 용접 열영향부에 녹이 발생하였는지를 조사하여, 각각의 강의 내식성을 평가하였다.Hereinafter, for each steel treated with different surface treatment conditions of the weld heat affected zone, saline spraying was performed for 144 hours using ASTM B117. After that, rust was generated in the weld heat affected zone, and the corrosion resistance of each steel was evaluated.
비교강 1은 304계 오스테나이트 스테인리스 강으로 Cr 함량이 약 18% 수준이며, Ni 을 약 8% 함유하고 있다. ASTM B117 실험결과 녹이 발생되지 않았다.
비교강 2는 430계 페라이트 스테인리스 강으로 Ni을 함유하고 있지 않으며, Cr 함량이 16% 수준으로 매우 낮은 내식성을 나타내고 있다.
비교강 3은 Cr 함량을 18%로 높여도 부식 실험결과 녹이 발생하였다.
비교강 4는 Cr 성분을 14%로 낮추고 Si을 1% 첨가한 경우로 304강에 비해서 내식성이 저하되는 것을 일 수 있다. Comparative steel 4 may be lowered in the Cr component to 14% and 1% Si is added to lower the corrosion resistance compared to 304 steel.
비교강 5와 비교강 3을 비교하면 Cr 함량은 18%로 동일하나 비교강 5는 안정화 원소로 Nb를 첨가하였고, 비교강 3은 안정화 원소로 Ti를 첨가하였다. 그러나 두 강종 모두에서 부식이 발생하였다. Comparing Comparative Steel 5 and Comparative Steel 3, the Cr content was the same as 18%, but Comparative Steel 5 added Nb as a stabilizing element, and Comparative Steel 3 added Ti as a stabilizing element. However, corrosion occurred in both steel grades.
Cr 함량을 19~20% 까지 올린 비교강 6 및 비교강 7에서도 역시 녹이 발생되고 있다. Rust is also generated in Comparative Steel 6 and Comparative Steel 7 with Cr content up to 19-20%.
비교강 8,9 및 10은 내식성에 유효한 Cr을 21.5%, Ni를 0.3% 함유하며, 전면부식성에 대한 저항성을 부여하는 Cu 를 0.5% 함유하고, 가공성을 극대화하기 위 해 Si 함량을 0.15%로 최소화 한 강이다. 발명강 1 내지 4와 비교하면, Cr 함량이 21.5%까지 증가된 경우에 내식성이 향상되는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러나 적절하지 않은 표면연마방법에 의해서 목표로 하는 내식성을 확보할 수 없다.
이들에 대하여 거친 연마를 하는 경우에 녹이 발생하는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 합금성분을 최적화 후 용접 열영향부를 적절하게 연마하여, 304강 수준의 내식성을 확보할 수 있다. It can be seen that rust occurs when rough polishing is performed on these. Therefore, after optimizing the alloying component to properly polish the weld heat affected zone, it is possible to ensure corrosion resistance of the 304 steel level.
본 발명의 기술 사상은 상기 바람직한 실시예에 따라 구체적으로 기술되었으나, 상기한 실시예는 그 설명을 위한 것이며, 그 제한을 위한 것이 아님을 주지해야 한다. 또한, 본 발명의 기술분야에서 당업자는 본 발명의 기술 사상의 범위 내에서 다양한 실시예가 가능함을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.Although the technical spirit of the present invention has been described in detail according to the above-described preferred embodiment, it should be noted that the above-described embodiment is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that various embodiments are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
도 1은 내식성 실험에 사용된 강의 화학 조성, ASTM B117 시험법에 의해 144시간 염수분무 후 수행되는 용접 열영향부 표면처리 조건 및 녹 발생 유무를 나타내는 표이다.1 is a table showing the chemical composition of the steel used in the corrosion resistance test, weld heat affected zone surface treatment conditions and the presence of rust generated after 144 hours salt spray by ASTM B117 test method.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05263278A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-12 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Surface finishing method of stainless steel plate containing cr |
| JPH1081940A (en) | 1997-09-26 | 1998-03-31 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance in weld zone |
| JP2006291294A (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-26 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel sheet superior in spinning formability, and spinning method |
| KR100832693B1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-05-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of manufacturing a ferritic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance by surface treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05263278A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-12 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Surface finishing method of stainless steel plate containing cr |
| JPH1081940A (en) | 1997-09-26 | 1998-03-31 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance in weld zone |
| JP2006291294A (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-26 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Ferritic stainless steel sheet superior in spinning formability, and spinning method |
| KR100832693B1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-05-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of manufacturing a ferritic stainless steel with excellent corrosion resistance by surface treatment |
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