KR100898652B1 - Floorboard and locking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The floorboard and the openable locking system include an undercut groove on one long side of the floorboard and a protruding tongue on opposite long sides of the floorboard. The undercut groove has a corresponding upwardly inner locking surface spaced from the end. The tongue and undercut grooves are formed to be joined by joining adjacent plates together and snapping them together.

Description

Floorboard and Locking System {FLOORBOARD AND LOCKING SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a locking system for mechanically connecting floorboards and floorboards having such a locking system.

The invention is particularly suitable for floorboards which are mechanically connected with wood as a core in the general case based on wood. Therefore, the following description of the prior art and the objects and features of the present invention correspond, above all, to a rectangular parquet floor connected on the short side as well as the long side. The invention is particularly suitable for floating floors, ie floors that are movable relative to the foundation. However, the present invention is based on existing hard floors, such as wood floors with homogeneous wood floors, plate cores or plywood cores, floors with veneer surfaces and cores of wood fibers, floors with thin film floors, plastic cores, and the like. It should be noted that it can be used for all kinds of floors. Of course, the present invention can also be used in other types of floorboards that can be processed with cutting tools, such as plywood bases or particle boards. Although not good, the floorboard can be fixed to the foundation after installation.

Mechanical joints have become a large market in a short time, mainly due to their good placement properties, connection strength and connection performance. Although floors according to WO 9426999 as described in more detail below and floors sold under the trade name Alloc ^® have great advantages compared to conventional glued floors, it is desirable to further improve them.

Mechanical connection systems are very convenient for connecting wood floors and composite floors as well as laminate floors. Such floorboards may consist of a large number of different materials on the surface, core and backside. As will be discussed below, these materials may also be included in different parts of the connection system, such as strips, locking elements and tongues. However, the problems associated with, for example, the integrated strips according to WO 9426999 or WO 9747834 and the tongues providing the vertical connections and the tongues providing the vertical connections, are associated with high costs due to material waste associated with the formation of mechanical connections by processing of sheet material. Cause it.

For best function, for example, a 15mm thick parquet should have a width approximately equal to the thickness of the floor, ie a band of about 15mm. With a tongue of about 3mm, the waste would be 18mm. The floorboard has a normal width of about 200 mm. Therefore, the amount of material waste will be about 9%. In general, if the floorboards are made of expensive materials, or if the floorboards are thick or small in their format, then the cost of material waste will be higher, thus increasing the total running meter per square meter of floor. .

Certainly, material waste can be reduced if the strip is used and it is in the form of a separately manufactured aluminum strip that is already fixed on the floorboard in the factory. Moreover, aluminum strips can make better or lower cost connections than strips processed and formed from cores in many applications. The disadvantage of aluminum strips, however, is that the costly reconstruction of the plant required to convert existing conventional production lines to produce floorboards with such a mechanical connection system can be considered an investment cost. However, the advantage of prior art aluminum strips is that there is no need to change the starting format of the floorboard.

If the bands produced by the processing of the floorboard material are involved, then the starting form needs to be changed in this situation. Therefore, the shape of the floorboard should be adjusted so that there is enough material to form the band and tongue. In addition, in laminate flooring, it is often necessary to change the width of the decorative paper used. In addition, all these adjustments and modifications are costly for retrofitting production equipment and for mass production adaptation.

In addition to the above mentioned problems with undesirable material waste and the cost of production and production adaptation, the belt has the disadvantage of being prone to damage during transport construction.

In summary, there is a need to provide a mechanical connection that maintains excellent properties for placement, winding and joint performance and strength at the same time at low production costs. With the prior art solution, it is not possible to obtain it at low cost without lowering the standard of strength and / or placement function. It is therefore an object of the present invention to solve the cost reduction while maintaining strength and function.

The present invention starts with a known floorboard having a core, front, rear and opposing connecting edges, one of which is formed by an upper and lower lip and a tongue having a bottom tip. It is formed as a groove groove and the other is formed as a tongue with an upward guide at the free outer end. The tongue groove is in the form of an undercut groove with an opening, an inner and an inner locking surface. At least a portion of the bottom projection is integrally formed with the core of the floorboard and the tongue has a locking surface designed to interact with the internal locking surface in the tongue groove of the adjacent floorboard, when two such floorboards are mechanically connected. It meets in the connecting plane VP located in and perpendicular to this same surface plane HP. This technique is known from WO 9627721, DE-A-3041781 and JP 3169967, which will be described in more detail below.

However, before that, a general description of the locking system for mechanically locking the floorboard and floorboard together will be described as the background of the present invention.

Description of the prior art

In order to facilitate understanding and explanation of the present invention as well as the recognition of the problems in the present invention, a description of both the basic construction and the function of the floorboard according to WO 9426999 and WO 9966151 is made with reference to FIGS. 1A to 10B in the accompanying drawings. , As follows: In addition, the following description of the prior art applies to embodiments of the present invention which will be described below with respect to applicable parts.

3a and 3b show the floorboard 1 according to WO 9426999 as viewed from above and below, respectively. The plate 1 comprises two opposing long sides with an upper side 2, a lower side 3, connecting edges 4a and 4b and two opposite short sides with connecting edges 5a and 5b. Is a rectangle.

The connecting edges 4a, 4b of the long side as well as the connecting edges 5a, 5b of the short side can be mechanically connected in the direction D2 in FIG. 1c, so that they are not in the connection plane VP (shown in FIG. 2c). Coincident with the top surface in the cavity surface plane HP (indicated in FIG. 2C) in the deployed state.

In the illustrated embodiment, which is an example of a floorboard according to WO 9426999 (FIGS. 1A to 3B in the accompanying drawings), the plate 1 extends along the entire long side 4a and is factory mounted made of flexible, elastic aluminum sheet It has a type | mold flat strip 6. The strip 6 extends outward beyond the connecting plane VP at the connecting edge 4a. The strap 6 may be mechanically attached according to the embodiment shown or else may be attached by glue or some other means. As mentioned above, it is also possible to use other strip materials, for example sheets of some other metal, aluminum or plastic section, as the strip material attached to the floorboard in the factory. Instead, as described above in WO 9426999 and as described and illustrated in WO 9966151, the strip 6 can be formed integrally with the plate 1, for example by appropriately processing the core of the plate 1. .

The present invention is applicable to floorboards in which at least a portion of the strip or strip is integrally formed with the core, and the present invention solves certain problems present in the connection, disassembly and manufacture of such floorboards. The core of the floorboard is not necessary but is suitably made of a uniform material. However, the strip is always integral with the plate, ie the strip must be formed on the plate or factory mounted.

According to the embodiments known from WO 9426999 and WO 9966151 described above, the width of the strip 6 can be about 30 mm and the thickness can be about 0.5 mm.

Similarly, shorter strips 6 'are also arranged along one short side 5a of the plate 1. A portion of the strip 6 protruding beyond the connecting plane VP is formed as a locking element 8 extending along the entire strip 6. The locking element 8 has at its lower end an operable locking surface 10 which faces the connection plane VP and has a height of, for example, 0.5 mm. In arrangement, this locking surface 10 cooperates with a locking groove 14 made in the lower surface 3 of the connecting edge 4b on the opposite long side of the adjacent plate 1 '. The strip 6 'along the short side has a corresponding locking element 8' and the connecting edge 5b on the opposite short side has a corresponding locking groove 14 '. The edges of the locking grooves 14, 14 ′ facing away from the connection plane VP form an operative locking surface 10 ′ for cooperating with the operative locking surface 10 of the locking element.

Further, in order to mechanically connect not only the long side but also the short side in the vertical direction (D1 direction in FIG. 1C), the plate 1 has one long side thereof (connection edge portion 4a) and one short side thereof (connection edge portion). An open recess or tongue groove 16 is formed laterally along (5a). It is formed upward by the upper lip at the connecting edges 4a, 5a and downward by the respective strips 6, 6 '. At the opposite edges 4b and 5b there is an upper gap 18 which forms a locking tongue 20 which cooperates with the gap or tongue groove 16 (see FIG. 2A).

1a to 1c show how these two plates 1, 1 ′ on the base U are pivoted around a center C close to the intersection between the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP. It is shown whether the plates remain in intimate contact with each other, connected to each other by downward angling by pivot.

2a-2c show how the short sides 5a, 5b of the plates 1, 1 ′ can be joined together by a snap action. The long sides 4a, 4b can be connected by both methods, whereas the connection of the short sides 5a, 5b after the arrangement of the first row of floorboards is normally only snapped after the long sides 4a, 4b are first connected. Can be performed by

When the new plate 1 'and the previously placed plate 1 are connected along the long side edges 4a and 4b according to FIGS. 1a to 1c, the long side edge 4b of the new plate 1'. Is pressed against the long side edge portion 4a of the plate 1 previously arranged according to FIG. 1A, so that the locking tongue 20 is inserted into the gap or tongue groove 16. The plate 1 'is then angularly downwardly directed towards the subfloor (rough floor beneath the floor) according to FIG. 1B. The locking tongue 20 completely enters the crevice or tongue groove 16 while at the same time the locking element 8 of the strip 6 snaps into the locking groove 14. During this downward angular movement, the upper part 9 of the locking element 8 is operable and can carry out the guidance of the new plate 1 ′ towards the previously placed plate 1.

In these connected positions according to FIG. 1C, the plates 1, 1 ′ are reliably locked in the D2 direction as well as in the D1 direction along the long side edges 4a, 4b, but the plates 1, 1 ′ are long sided. Can be displaced relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (ie direction D3) of the connection portion.

2a to 2c show that the short side edges 5a, 5b of the plates 1, 1 ′ are replaced by a new plate 1 ′ which is essentially horizontally displaced towards the previously placed plate 1. It shows whether it can be mechanically connected in the D2 direction as well as the direction. This can be done in the previously placed plate 1 in the adjacent row by inward angular motion, in particular after the long side of the new plate 1 'is connected. In the first step of FIG. 2A, the beveled surface of the gap 16 and the locking tongue 20 interact so that the strip 6 ′ is forced as a direct result of connecting the short side edges 5a, 5b together. Bends downward During final joining, the strap 6 'snaps up as the locking element 8' enters the locking groove 14 ', thus actuating locking on the locking element 8' and in the locking groove 14 '. Faces 10 and 10 'connect with each other.

By repeating the operation shown in FIGS. 1A-1C and 2A-2C, the entire floor can be arranged without glue along all the connecting edges. Therefore, the previous floorboard of the above-described type is firstly oriented, usually by angularly downwards the long side, and when the long side is locked, the horizontal displacement (direction) of the new plate 1 'along the long side of the previously placed plate 1. Mechanical connection by means of short sides snapped together by D3). The plates 1, 1 ′ can be lifted again in the reverse order of placement without damaging the connections and then placed once again. In addition, some of these arrangement principles are applicable in connection with the present invention.

In order to ensure the best and easy placement and re-lifting, the prior art plates are connected between the operative locking surface 10 of the locking element and the operative locking surface 10 'of the locking groove 14 along the long side after connection. It must be positioned to have a minimum play of. However, there is no need for free space in the actual butt joints between the plates in the connection plane VP (ie surface plane HP) close to the upper side of the plate. To take this position, you will need to press one plate against each other. A more detailed description of this free space can be found in WO 9426999. This clearance will be on the order of 0.01-0.05 mm between the operable locking surfaces 10, 10 'when the long sides of the adjacent plates press against each other. This clearance facilitates the entry and exit of the locking element 8 in the locking grooves 14, 14 ′. However, as described above, no free space is required in the connection between the plates where the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP intersect at the upper side of the floorboard.

The connection system can change along the connection edge in the locked position after connecting the optional side. Therefore, all variations of the following three basic methods can be deployed in many different ways:

* Angular movement of the long side and snap-in of the short side

* Snap-In Long Side-Snap-In Short Side

* Angular movement of one side, upward angular movement of two plates, displacement of the new plate along the lateral edge of the previous plate, and finally angular movement of both plates

The most common and most stable arrangement is that the long side first angulates downward and locks against other floorboards. As a result, the displacement in the locked position occurs toward the short side of the third floorboard, so that the short side can be snapped in. The arrangement may also be by one side, long side or short side, and may be snapped with the other plate. The displacement in the locked position then takes place until the other side snaps with the third plate. These two methods require snap-in on at least one side. However, placement can occur without snapping action. In a third variant, the short side of the first plate is first angularly inwardly directed towards the short side of the second plate, and the second plate is already connected with the third plate on its long side. After this connection, the first and second plates are angled somewhat upwards. The first plate is moved to an upward angular position along its short side until the upper connecting edges of the first and third plates contact each other, after which the two plates are connected angularly downwardly.

The above-mentioned floorboard and its locking system have been very successful in the market in connection with a laminate floor having a thickness of about 7 mm and an aluminum strip 6 having a thickness of about 0.6 mm. Similarly, commercial variations of floorboards according to WO 9966151 shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are successful. However, it is known that this known content is not particularly well suited for the formation of parquet with floorboards consisting of wood fiber-based materials, in particular large wood or glued laminate wood. One of the reasons why this known technology is not suitable for this type of product is the large waste of material caused by the processing of the edges in forming the tongue grooves with the required depth.

One further known design of the mechanical locking element for the plate is shown in GB-A-1430429 and in figures 7a and 7b of the accompanying drawings. The system is basically a tongue and groove tongue provided with an extra holding hook on an extended protrusion on one side of the tongue groove and a corresponding holding ridge formed on the upper side of the tongue. and groove joint). This system requires significant resilience to the protrusions provided on the hooks, and release cannot occur without breaking the connecting edges of the plates. Hermetic fittings make manufacturing difficult and the geometry of the connection causes a large amount of material waste. WO 974783 discloses floorboards with different mechanical locking systems. Most intended to lock together the short sides of the plates are designed to be interconnected by being pushed together towards each other by a snap lock, and this locking system on the short sides of the plates is not broken or partially In the case of, it is not possible to separate the fixation without damage, whereas the locking system, which the long sides of the plates are intended to lock together, is designed to be detached by connection and angular movement. Some of these plates, which can be connected and detached by angular motion or by snapping together, disclosed in WO 9747834, have a strip and groove projecting beyond the connecting plane at the upper side of the two connected plates and protruding below the groove into their one edges. Provided by. The strips are generally designed to cooperate with portions on opposite edges of the complementary formed plates so that two similar plates can be connected. A general feature of such floorboards is that the upper interface of the grooves corresponding to the top side of the tongue of the plate is flat and parallel to the surface or top side of the floorboard. The connection of the plate, which prevents it from being pushed away across the connection plane, is obtained on the one hand by the locking surface on the lower side of the tongue and on the other hand by the band under the groove or the upper side of the lower projection. Such a locking system has the drawback that it requires a strip portion extending beyond the connecting plane, which can lead to material waste in the connecting edge portion where the groove is formed.

For the different types of mechanical connection of plates, especially floorboards, there are many proposals that can be produced in an efficient manner when the amount of material waste is small and wood fibers and wood-based board materials are used. Therefore, WO 9627721 (FIGS. 5A and 5B in the accompanying drawings) and JP 3169967 (FIGS. 7A and 7B in the attached drawings) are of two types, with a small waste but with defects that do not allow release of the floorboard by upward angular motion. Describes the snapping connection. Moreover, in these systems it is not possible to use high locking angles to reduce the risk of pulling away. In addition, the connection geometry is poor for manufacturing tolerances in which snapping-ins and large surface portions requiring significant amounts of material deformation must be precisely adjusted with respect to each other. These large surfaces in contact with each other make it difficult to displace the floorboards with respect to each other in the locked position.

Another known system is described in DE-A-1212275 and shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B of the accompanying drawings. Such known systems are suitable for sports floors made of plastic material, but cannot be manufactured by disc shaped cutting tools to form sharp undercut grooves. In addition, this known system cannot be released without a material having a large elastic force such that the upper and lower protrusions around the undercut groove are greatly deformed while being pulled away. This also makes this type of connection unsuitable for floorboards made of wood-based material, if the connection is desired.

FR-A-2675174 describes a mechanical connection system for ceramic tiles with complementary opposite edges, in which case separate spring clips are mounted spaced from each other and formed to hold beads on the edges of adjacent tiles Use separate spring clips. The connection system is not designed to be dismantled by pivotal movement, as can be seen from FIGS. 10A and in particular FIG. 10B of the accompanying drawings.

Other prior art systems are described, for example, in DE 20013380, but this prior art construction is very sensitive and has a big disadvantage since the lower projections are vulnerable by locking grooves.

DE 19925248 also discloses a system with an upward locking element.

As can be seen from the foregoing, prior art systems have both defects and advantages. However, the locking system is best suited for the rational production of floorboards with a locking system that is best for production technology, material wastage, placement and lifting, and can be used for floors that are of high quality, strength and functionality in the deployed state. Is not.

It is an object of the present invention to meet this need and to provide such a best floorboard and a best locking system for floorboards. Another object of the present invention is to provide a snapping connection that can be produced in a reasonable way. Further objects of the present invention are apparent from the following description as well as the above description.

Summary of the Invention

The floorboard and its openable locking system therefore comprise an undercut groove on one long side of the floorboard and a protruding tongue on the opposite long side of the floorboard. The undercut groove has a corresponding upwardly inner locking surface spaced from the end. The tongue and undercut grooves are formed to connect together in a snapping action. In a preferred embodiment it can also be released by angular movement with a center point close to the intersection between the surface surfaces of the two adjacent floorboards and the joint connection plane. The undercut in the groove of this locking system is made by a disc cut tool, the rotation axis of the disc cut tool being inclined with respect to each other so as to first form the inside of the undercut portion of the groove and then closer to the opening of the groove. To form.

However, the features of the locking system, floorboard and arrangement method according to the invention are described in the independent claims. The dependent claims define in particular preferred embodiments according to the invention. Moreover, the advantages and features of the present invention can be seen from the description below.

Before describing specific and preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the existing concepts, strengths and functional conditions of the present invention will be described.

The invention is applicable to rectangular floorboards having parallel sides of the first pair and parallel sides of the second pair. For simplicity, the first pair is referred to below as the long side and the second pair is referred to as the short side. However, it will be appreciated that the present invention is also applicable to plates that may be square.

High quality connection

High quality connection means a tight fit in the locking position between the floorboards both vertically and horizontally. It is possible to connect floorboards with no load, as well as under normal load, with no difference in level or very large visible gaps between the connecting edges. On high quality floors, the difference in connection spacing and level should be less than 0.2 and 0.1 mm respectively.

Upward angular movement around the connecting edge

In general, it should be possible to angularly move the long side up so that the floorboard is released. In addition, since the plates in the starting position are connected to the airtight connection edges, this upward angular movement takes place at the upper connection edges which are in contact with each other and can occur with rotation at the connection edges. This possibility of upward angular motion is very important when moving the floor as well as when changing the floorboard. Many floorboards are experimentally or incorrectly placed adjacent to doors, such as in corners during installation. If the floorboard does not damage the connection system and cannot be released easily, it is a big fault. In addition, it is not always the case that the plate which can be angled inwardly can be angled again upward. In connection with the downward angular movement, a slight downward bending of the strip usually occurs, so that the locking element is bent backwards and opens. If the connection system is not formed at the proper angle and radius, the plate can be locked in a way that cannot be lifted after placement. The short side may typically be pushed along the connecting edge after the long side connection is opened by an upward angular motion, but it is preferred if the short side can be opened by an upward angular motion. This is particularly good when the plate is long, for example 2.4 m, which makes pulling of the short side difficult. The upward angular motion must occur very safely without hitting and punching the plate, which creates a risk of damaging the locking system.

Snap-in

It should be possible to lock the short sides by horizontal snapping-ins. This requires that parts of the connection system be soluble and bendable. Furthermore, although the inward angular movement of the long side is much easier and faster than the snapping-in, it is desirable that the long side can be snapped-in because in some placement operations, for example round doors, the plates must be connected horizontally. . In the case of snappable connections, there is a risk of the edges rising in the connection if the connection geometry is inappropriate.

The cost of the material on the long and short sides

If the floorboard is, for example, 1.2 * 0.2m, it will have about 6 times more long sides than single side connections, per square meter of floor surface. Therefore, a large amount of material waste and expensive connecting materials are less important on the one side than on the long side.

Horizontal strength

In order to achieve high strength, the locking element must generally have a high locking angle, so the locking element does not snap out. The locking element should be high and wide so that the floor shrinks during the year when the relative humidity is low during the year, and does not break when subjected to high tensile loads. This also applies to the material closest to the locking groove in the other plate. Short-sided connections should have higher strength than long-sided connections because during winter shrinkage tensile loads are distributed over shorter connection lengths along the short side rather than along the long side.

Vertical strength

It must be possible to maintain the plate plane when subjected to vertical loads. Moreover, the motion in the connection should be avoided because the surfaces under pressure and moving relative to each other, for example the upper connection edges, may cause cracking.

Displacement

In order to be able to lock all four sides, the newly placed plate must be able to be displaced in the locking position along the previously placed plate. This displacement takes place by injecting together a block and a hammer, for example, using a considerable amount of force, without damaging the connecting edges and forming a clearance that the connecting system can see in the horizontal and vertical directions. Displaceability is more important on the long side than on the single side because friction is inherently greater in longer connections.

production

It must be possible to reasonably produce a connection system using large rotary cutting tools with very good accuracy and capacity.

Measure

Good function, production error and quality require that the connection profile can be continuously measured and inspected. An important part of a mechanical connection system must be designed in such a way that it is easy to produce and measure. It should be possible to produce important parts with an error of several hundred millimeters, and therefore be able to measure them with great accuracy, for example with a so-called profile projector. If the connection system is produced with linear cutting, the connection system will have the same profile across the entire edge, except for any production error. Therefore, the connection system can be measured with great accuracy by sawing from a plate to cut some samples and measuring them with a profile projector or a measuring microscope. However, for a reasonable production, the connection system needs to be measured quickly and easily without breaking methods, for example without the use of gauges. This is easy when there are as few important parts in the locking system as possible.

Make the most of long and short sides

In order to make the floorboard the best at the lowest cost, the long side and the short side must be the best in terms of their different properties as described above. For example, the long side should be best for downward angular motion, upward angular motion, positioning and displaceability, while the short side should be best for snap-in and high strength. Therefore, the best designed floorboards should have different connection systems in the long and short sides.

Possibility of transverse movement of the connecting edge

Wood floorboards and generally floorboards containing wood fibers expand and contract with changes in relative humidity. Since expansion and contraction usually start from above, the surface layer can move more than the core, part of which forms the connection system. In order to prevent the upper connection edges from being raised or pressed in the event of high expansion, or to prevent connection gaps from occurring during drying, the connection system must be configured to allow compensating motion for expansion and contraction.

The present invention

The present invention enables the formation of reasonably good geometries with great accuracy of wood, wood board, and plastic materials by using a suitable production method, using inherently processing tools with tool diameters that greatly exceed the thickness of the plate. It is based on the first knowledge that this and that this type of machining can be made in the tongue groove away from the connecting plane. Therefore, the shape of the connection system must be adapted to a reasonable production that must be able to occur with very narrow errors. However, this modification does not occur at the expense of other important properties of the floorboard and the locking system.

The invention is also based on a second knowledge of the conditions to be satisfied by the best functional mechanical connection system. This knowledge is not previously known, that is to say a) the design of a connection with a certain angle, radius, clearance, free surface and ratio between different parts of the system, for example, and b) compression, softening, bending, tensile strength. And a combination of the best use of the material properties of the core such as compressive strength.

The present invention can further provide a connection system with low production cost while maintaining functionality and strength, or even in some cases improved by manufacturing techniques, connection design, material selection and best of both side and short sides. It is based on third knowledge.

The present invention is based on a fourth knowledge in which connection systems, fabrication techniques and measurement techniques have been developed and adjusted so that the critical part requiring narrow errors should be as small as possible and also designed to allow measurement and inspection in continuous production.

According to a first aspect of the invention, therefore, four of the floorboards having the locking system and the locking system in the first vertical direction D1, the second horizontal direction D2 and the third direction D3 perpendicular to the second horizontal direction. There is provided a floorboard with such a locking system for mechanically connecting the corresponding side of another floorboard with the same locking system as all sides.

The floorboard can have a decomposable mechanical connection system, which is known on both sides and can be laterally moved and locked to the locked position by angular inward rotation around the connecting edge or by horizontal snapping. The floorboard has a locking system according to the invention on two other sides. The floorboard can also have a locking system according to the invention on all four sides.

Thus at least two opposing sides of the floorboard have a connection system designed according to the invention and comprising a tongue and tongue grooves formed by upper and lower protrusions, the outer and upper part of the tongue having an upper portion, The upper portion of the tongue groove has an undercut. The undercut of the tongue groove and the upward portion of the tongue in the upper projection have a locking surface which prevents against horizontal separation in the transverse direction D2 of the connecting plane. The tongue and tongue groove also have a cooperating support surface which prevents vertical separation in the direction D1 parallel to the connecting plane. This support surface is found at least on the bottom of the tongue and on the lower protrusion of the tongue groove. At the top, the cooperative locking surface can act as the upper support surface, but the upper protrusions of the tongue and tongue grooves may preferably have separate upper support surfaces. Tongues, tongue grooves, locking elements and undercuts can be produced by machining with tools that have tool diameters greater than the thickness of the floorboard. The tongue can be inserted into the tongue groove and its undercut by an essentially horizontal snapping-in and the lower protrusion is bent such that the upper portion of the tongue is inserted into the undercut. The lower protrusions are shorter than the upper protrusions, thereby having a relatively high inclination with respect to the surface plane of the plate, thus forming an undercut with a high horizontal locking force that can be combined with the flexible lower protrusions. To facilitate the possibility.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the floorboard has two edges with a connection system according to the invention, wherein both the tongue and its upstream portion are inserted into the tongue groove and its undercut by the snapping function and are in contact with each other. It can be released from the tongue groove by holding the plate in the state and simultaneously angling upward.

Alternatively or in addition, the tongue may be flexible to facilitate this snap-in at the short side after the long side of the floorboard is connected. The present invention therefore relates to a snapping connection that can be released by upwardly angularly moving the upper connecting edge in contact with each other.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the floorboard has two edges with a connection system formed according to the invention, wherein the tongue is snapped into the tongue groove and then the upper connection edge when the plate is held in an upwardly angular position. It can be angulated downward by a swiveling motion around the portion.

Since the lower protrusion may be shorter than the upper protrusion, greater freedom is obtained when designing the undercut of the upper protrusion.

In addition, many aspects of the present invention are applicable to conventional systems without combining these aspects with the preferred locking system described herein.

In addition, the present invention describes the basic principle that must be satisfied for the tongue and groove connections that can be snapped-in with minimal bending of the connecting part, leaving the surface plane of the floorboard on essentially the same level.

The present invention also describes how the material properties can be used in combination with snapping at high strength and low cost.

Other aspects of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show another embodiment of the invention. Portions of the inventive plate that are equivalent to those of the prior art plates of FIGS. 1A-2C are given the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

1a to 1c show in three stages a downward angular motion method for the mechanical connection of the long sides of the floorboard according to WO 9426999.

2a to 2c show in three stages a snap-in method for the mechanical connection of the short side of the floorboard according to WO 9426999.

3a and 3b show the floorboard according to WO 9426999 above and below respectively.

4a and 4b show two different embodiments of floorboards according to WO 9966151.

5A and 5B show a floorboard according to GB-A-1430423.

6a and 6b show a mechanical locking system for short or long sides of a floorboard according to WO 9627721.

7a and 7b show a mechanical locking system according to JP 3169967.

8A and 8B show a plate according to DE-A-1212275.

9a to 9b show a snapping connection according to WO 9747834.

10a and 10b show a snapping connection system according to FR-A-2675174.

11a and 11b schematically show two parallel connection edges of the first preferred embodiment of the floorboard according to the invention.

12A-12C show a snap-in of a variation of the invention.

13A-13C illustrate a downward and upward angular motion method using the present invention.

Figure 14 shows a snap-in of a modification adapted to the production of the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows a modification of the invention showing the lifting by upward angular motion while using bending and compression of the connecting material.

16A-16C show examples of floorboards according to the invention.

17A-17C show how the connection system can easily design snap-in.

18 shows the snap-in in angulated position.

19 shows the locking of the short side to the snap-in.

20A and 20B show the snap-in of the outer and inner edges of the short sides.

21 shows a connection system according to the invention with a flexible tongue.

22A-22E detail the snap-in of the outer edge of the short side by using the embodiment of the present invention.

23A-23E show in detail the snap-in of the inner edge of the short side by using an embodiment of the present invention.

A first preferred embodiment of the floorboards 1, 1 ′ provided with a mechanical locking system according to the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B. For the sake of understanding, the connection system is shown schematically. It can be seen that better functionality can be achieved in other preferred embodiments to be described below.

11a and 11b schematically show a cross-sectional view of the connection between the long side edge 4a of the plate 1 and the opposite long side edge 4b of the other plate 1 '.

The upper side of the plate is essentially in the common surface plane HP and the tops of the connecting edges 4a, 4b connect to each other in the vertical connection plane VP. The mechanical locking system causes locking of the plates against each other in both the vertical direction D1 and in the horizontal direction D2 extending perpendicular to the connection plane VP. However, while placing the floors in parallel rows, one plate 1 ′ can be displaced along the other plate 1 in the direction D3 along the connecting plane VP (see FIG. 19). Such a displacement can be used, for example, to lock together floorboards located in the same row.

In order to connect the two connecting edges perpendicular to the vertical plane VP and parallel to the horizontal plane HP, the edge of the floorboard is in one edge 4a of the floorboard inside the connection plane VP in a known manner. It has a tongue 38 formed in the tongue groove 36 and the other connecting edge portion 4b and protruding beyond the connecting plane VP.

In this embodiment, the plate 1 has a core 30 of wood which supports a surface layer 32 of wood on the front side and a balancing layer 34 on the back side. The plate 1 is also rectangular and has a second mechanical locking system on two parallel short sides. In addition, this locking system may have the same design as the long side locking system, but the locking system on the short side may be of a different design than the present invention or may be a conventionally known mechanical locking system.

As an illustrative and non-limiting example, the floorboard may be in the form of a parquet having a thickness of 15 mm, a length of 2.4 m and a width of 0.2 m. However, the present invention can be used in rectangular parquet or other sized plates.

The core 30 is of lamella type and consists of narrow wood blocks of low cost wood. The surface layer 32 has a thickness of 3-4 mm and can be constructed and varnished of decorative hardwood. The backside balancing layer 34 may consist of a 2mm veneer layer. In some cases, it may be desirable to use different types of wood in different parts of the floorboard for best properties within the individual parts of the floorboard.

As mentioned above, the mechanical locking system according to the invention comprises a tongue groove 36 in one connecting edge 4a of the floorboard and a tongue 38 on the opposite connecting edge 4b of the floorboard.

The tongue groove 36 is formed of an upper protrusion 39 and a lower protrusion 40 and is in the form of an undercut groove having an opening between the two protrusions 39 and 40.

The different parts of the tongue groove 36 are shown well in FIG. 11B. Tongue grooves are formed in the core and extend from the edge of the floorboard. On the tongue groove there is an upper edge or connecting edge face 41 extending to the surface plane HP. Inside the opening of the tongue groove there is in this case an upper connection or support surface 43 parallel to the surface plane HP. This connection or support surface is an inclined locking surface 43 having a locking angle A with respect to the horizontal plane HP. Inside the locking surface there is a surface portion 46 which forms the upper boundary surface of the undercut portion 35 of the tongue groove. The tongue groove further has a bottom end 48 that extends down into the lower protrusion 40. On the upper side of this protrusion, there is a connecting or supporting surface 50. The outer end of the lower protrusion has a connecting edge surface 52 which is spaced apart from the connecting plane VP.

In addition, the shape of the tongue is well illustrated in FIG. 11B. The tongue is made of the material of the core and extends beyond the connecting plane VP when the connecting edge 4b is mechanically connected with the connecting edge 4a of the adjacent floorboard. In addition, the connecting edge 4b has an upper edge or an upper connecting edge 61 extending along the connecting plane VP down to the root of the tongue 38. The upper side of the root of the tongue has in this case an upper connection or support surface 64 which extends up to the inclined locking surface 65 of the upwards 8 near the end of the tongue. The locking face 65 is a guide surface 66 which terminates in the upper face 67 of the upper part 8 of the tongue. Following the surface 67 is a bevel, which can act as the guide surface 68. This bevel extends to the end 69 of the tongue. At the lower end of the end 69 there is a guide or support surface 71 and a guide surface 70 which extends obliquely downward to the lower edge of the tongue. The support surface 71 is a connection in which these two plates are mechanically connected, and when the upper connecting edge surfaces 41 and 61 of the plates are connected to each other, these upper surfaces are located in the same surface plane HP and are perpendicularly directed thereto. It is used to cooperate with the support surface 50 of the lower protrusion to meet in the plane VP. The tongue has a lower connecting edge face 72 extending to the lower side.

In this embodiment, there are respectively tongue grooves and tongues individually connected or supporting surfaces 43, 64, which are connected to each other in a locked state and cooperate with lower projections and lower support surfaces 50, 71 on the tongues, respectively. The locking is provided in a direction D1 perpendicular to the surface plane HP. In another embodiment, which will be described below, as a locking surface for locking together in a direction D2 parallel to the surface plane HP and as a support surface for preventing movement in a direction D1 perpendicular to the surface plane. Surfaces 45 and 65 are used. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 21A and 21B, the locking surfaces 45, 65 and the connecting surfaces 43, 64 cooperate as an upper support surface in the system.

As can be seen in the figure, the tongue 38 extends beyond the connecting plane VP and has an upwards 8 at the free outer or end 69. In addition, the tongue cooperates with the locking surface 45 in the tongue groove 36 of the adjacent floorboard when the two plates are mechanically connected, so that the front faces meet in the connecting plane VP which is located in the same surface plane HP and is perpendicular to it. It has a locking surface 65 that is formed to act.

As can be seen from FIG. 11B, the tongue 38 has a surface portion 52 between the locking surface 51 and the connection plane VP. When the two floorboards are connected, the surface portion 52 is connected with the surface portion 45 of the upper protrusion 39. To facilitate the insertion of the tongue into the undercut groove by inward angular motion or snapping-in, the tongue has a bevel 66 between the locking surface 65 and the surface portion 57 as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. ) Moreover, the bevel 68 may be located between the surface portion 57 and the end 69 of the tongue. The bevel 66 can act as a guide by having an inclination angle with respect to the surface plane smaller than the inclination angle A of the locking surfaces 43 and 51.

The support surface 71 of the tongue is essentially parallel to the surface plane HP in this embodiment. The tongue has a bevel 70 between the support surface of the tongue and the end 69.

According to the invention, the lower protrusion 40 has a support surface 50 for cooperating with a corresponding support surface 71 on the tongue 38. In this embodiment, this support surface is located away from the interior 47 of the undercut groove. When the two floorboards are connected to each other, there is a connection between the support surfaces 50, 71 and the connection of the upper projection 39 or the support surface 43 and the corresponding connection or support surface 64 of the tongue. In this way, the plate is locked in a direction D1 perpendicular to the surface plane HP.

Preferably, viewed parallel to the surface plane HP, at least a major part of the interior 47 of the undercut groove is located farther from the connecting plane VP than at the outer end or end 69 of the tongue 38. This design greatly simplifies manufacturing and facilitates displacement of one floorboard relative to the other along the connection plane.

Another important feature of the mechanical locking system according to the invention is that of the lower projection 40 which is connected to the core 30 when seen at point C (where the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP intersect). All parts lie outside the plane LP2. This plane is located further from the point C than the locking plane LP1 abutting the undercut groove 36 and the locking surfaces 45, 65 of the tongue 38 parallel to the plane LP2, where these The locking surface is most inclined with respect to the surface plane HP. With this design, as will be described in more detail below, the undercut groove can be achieved by using a disc shaped rotary cutting tool for machining the edges of the floorboard.
Meanwhile, in FIGS. 11A and 11B, "C1" refers to an inwardly angular circular arc around the intersection point C and "C2" refers to an outward angular circular arc around the intersection point C. Also, "TL1" refers to the tangent to the inwardly angular circular arc C1 and "TL2" refers to the tangent to the outward angular circular arc C2.

Another important feature of the mechanical locking system according to the invention is that the lower projection 40 is elastic and shorter than the upper projection 39. This allows the undercut to be made with a large rotary cutting tool, which can be set at a considerably high angle with respect to the horizontal plane, so that the locking surface 65 can be at a high locking angle A. The high locking angle can greatly reduce the downward component that occurs in connection with the tensile load. This means that the connection system has a high strength even if the lower protrusion is elastic and therefore limits its ability to interfere with the downward component. This, in combination with a low resistance to snapping-in, creates the best condition for high locking. High resistance to snapping-ins makes snapping-in difficult and increases the risk of damage to the connecting edges of the floorboards. The inventors have found that by forming protrusions of suitable length and thickness in most of the materials used in the floorboards, they can give sufficient elasticity, can work in a good connection system and provide sufficient locking force.

12A-12C show the snap-in of the two floorboards by bending of the lower protrusion 40. As can be seen in FIG. 12B, snapping-in occurs with minimal bending of the lower protrusion and by essentially leveling the surface plane of the floorboard. This reduces the risk of cracking.

13a to 13c show that the locking system according to FIGS. 12a to 12c may be used for upward and downward angular movements in connection with lifting and positioning. The upper projection 39, the lower projection 40 and the tongue 38 are two mechanically connected floorboards by pivoting the floorboard upwards relative to the other floorboard, such that the tongue of one floorboard pivots from the undercut groove of the other floorboard. It is formed to decompose.

The snapping connection according to the invention can be used on both the long side and the short side of the floorboard.

14 and 15, however, show a variant of the invention that is particularly suitable for snapping along the short sides of floorboards made of a fairly hard material such as hard wood or hard fiberboard.

In this embodiment, the tongue groove is essentially deeper than required to receive the tongue. As a result, high bendability of the lower protrusion 40 is obtained. Moreover, the locking system has a long tongue with a thick locking element 8. In addition, the locking surfaces 45 and 65 are inclined greatly. The dashed line indicates the snapping movement.

The design according to FIGS. 14 and 15 is made resolvable by angling one plate upward and slightly downward bending of the lower protrusion 40 of the other plate. However, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, downward bending of the bottom protrusion upon disassembly of the floorboard is not necessary.

In the locked position, it is possible to displace the floorboard in the longitudinal direction of the connection. As a result, for example, the disassembly of the short side can be performed by pulling the connection in the longitudinal direction after disassembly of the long side by the upward angular motion, for example.

In order to facilitate the possibility of displacement in manufacturing, inward angular motion, upward angular motion, snapping-in and locking positions and to minimize the risk of cracking, all unworked surfaces form airtight top connection edges and vertical and horizontal connections They will not be in contact with each other in the locked position and while not locking and locking properly. This allows manufacturing without requiring high error in these connecting portions and reduces the friction of the lateral displacement along the connecting edges. Examples of surfaces and parts of the connection system that are not in contact with each other in the locked position are 46-67, 48-69, 50-70 and 52-72.

The connection system according to the preferred embodiment may consist of several combinations of materials. The upper protrusion 39 may comprise a rigid and rigid upper surface layer 32 and a soft lower portion that is part of the core 30. The upper protrusion 40 may consist of the same soft top 30 and the bottom soft part 34, which may be of different kinds of wood. This can be used to provide a connection system utilizing these material properties. The locking element is therefore located close to the upper rigid and rigid part according to the invention, and therefore here only bendable and compressible to a limited extent, while the snapping function is formed at the upper soft and flexible part. It should also be noted that the connection system can be achieved in a uniform floorboard.

16A-16C show an example of a floorboard according to the invention. This embodiment shows in particular that the connection systems on the long side and the short side are designed differently. On the short side, the locking system is best for snapping by having a high locking angle, a deep tongue groove and an upper projection shorter than the lower projection, at the same time having the locking surface having a low height to reduce the requirement for downward bending. It is. On the long side, the connection system is adjusted for connection / lifting by angular motion.

Moreover, the connection system may consist of several different materials and material combinations 30a, 30b, 30c. Also, different materials can be selected on the long side and the short side. For example, the short side tongue groove 36 may have a different property than the long side core, for example, and may be made of wood that is more rigid and more flexible than the tongue 38, which may be rigid and rigid. . It is possible to select a kind of wood 30b that is more flexible than a kind of wood 30c on the short side with the tongue groove 36, for example on the other short side on which the tongue is formed. This is particularly convenient for parquet with laminate cores whose upper and lower sides are made of different types of wood and whose cores are composed of blocks to be glued together. This structure increases the likelihood of altering the composition of the material in order to best function, strength and manufacturing cost.

It is also possible to change the material along the length of one side. Thus, for example, a block located between two short sides can be made of different kinds of wood or material, so some of them can be selected to contribute to suitable properties that improve placement, strength and the like. In addition, different properties can be obtained with different fiber orientations on the long side and the short side, and also plastic material can be used on the short side, for example on different parts of the long side. If the floorboards and parts of their cores consist of, for example, plywood with several layers, these layers have both upper and lower projections on both the long side and the short side, both of which differ in strength, flexibility and processability. It can be selected to have parts with different compositions, fiber orientations, and the like, which can give properties.

17A-C show how the lower part of the tongue protrudes downward to facilitate horizontal snap-in in accordance with the present invention in a connection system with rigid upper protrusions 39 and locking grooves 8 in the flexible lower protrusions. The basic principle formed for the portion 40 is shown. In the present embodiment, the upper protrusion 39 is much more rigid because it can be thicker or can be constructed of a harder and more rigid material. The lower protrusion 40 may be thinner and softer and, in conjunction with the snapping-in, therefore essentially bending will occur within the lower protrusion 40. Snapping-in can be made much easier than others by limiting the maximum bending of the lower protrusion 40 as far as possible. FIG. 17A shows the increase in bending of the lower protrusion 40 up to the maximum bending level B1 which is characterized by the fact that the tongue 38 is so far inserted into the tongue groove 36 such that the round guides come into contact with each other. . If the tongue 38 is inserted further, the lower protrusion 40 will be snapped back in until it snaps-in and the locking element 8 is fully inserted into the final position in the undercut 35. The lower front 49 of the tongue 38 should be designed so as not to bend the lower projection 40 down, instead being forced downward by the lower support surface 50. This portion 49 of the tongue should have a shape that may or may not contact the maximum bending level of the lower protrusion 40 when the lower protrusion 40 is bent around the lower support surface 50 of the tongue. If the tongue 38 has a shape overlapping with the lower protrusion 40, indicated by tangent 49b at this position, the bend B2 according to FIG. 17B can be much larger. This can lead to large friction in connection with the snap-in and the risk of damage to the connection. FIG. 17C shows that the maximum bending can be limited by designing the tongue groove 36 and the tongue 38 in such a way that there is a space S4 between the lower protrusion 40 and the lower outer portion 49 of the tongue. . Making the upper protrusion more rigid and the lower protrusion more flexible reduces the risk of the edges rising on the upper side of the placement floor when the floor contracts and expands in accordance with the relative humidity of the room air. In addition, the greater stiffness of the upper projection in combination with the configuration of the locking surface allows the connection to absorb the greater pulling force in the transverse direction of the connection. In addition, the far bend of the lower protrusion contributes to the minimum risk of the edge rising.

Horizontal snapping-ins are usually used in combination with short-sided snapping-ins after locking the long sides. By snapping to the long side, it is also possible to snap the connecting system according to the invention with one board to a slightly upward angular position. This upward angular position is shown in FIG. 18. Since only a small bend B3 of the lower projection 40 is required for the guide 66 of the locking element to contact the guide 44 of the locking groove, the locking element inserts the downward angular motion into the locking groove 35. This can be done.

19, 20A and 20B describe a problem that may arise from connection with the snapping-in of two short sides of two plates 2a, 2b already connected with the other first plate 1 on the long side. When the floorboard 2a is connected to the floorboard 2b by the snapping action, the inner edge portions 91 and 92 closest to the long side of the first plate 1 are located in the same plane. This is due to the fact that the two plates 2a, 2b on each of these long sides are connected to the same floorboard 1. According to FIG. 20B, which shows sections C 3 -C 4, the tongue 38 can not be inserted into the tongue groove 36 so that the downward bending of the lower projection 40 cannot be started. At the outer edges 93, 94 on the other long side, in section C 3-C 4 shown in FIG. 20A, the tongue 38 can be inserted into the groove 36, thereby locking the plate 2b to the locking element 8. The downward bending of the lower protruding portion 40 is started by automatically pressing and angularly moving corresponding to the height of.

The inventors therefore may have the problem of connecting the snapping-in of the inner edge with lateral displacements in the same plane when the tongue forms an upward at its end and is inserted into the tongue groove with the undercut. It has been found that these problems can greatly interfere with snapping-in and pose a risk of cracking of the connection system. This problem can be solved by a suitable connection design and the selection of a material capable of bending deformation of the material within the multiple connections.

When snapping-in this specially designed connection system, it occurs as follows. At the lateral displacement, the upper protrusion and the outer guides 42, 68 of the tongue cooperate to force the locking element 8 of the tongue to force down the outside of the upper protrusion 39. The tongue is bent downward and the upper projection is bent upward. This is shown by the arrow in FIG. 20B. The corner portion 92 of FIG. 19 is pressed upward by bending the lower protrusion 40 on the long side of the plate 2b, and the corner portion 91 is the upper protrusion on the long side of the plate 2a. It is pressurized downward by bending upward. The connection system must be configured such that the sum of these four displacements is so great that the locking element slides along the upper projection and snaps into the locking groove. It is known that the tongue groove 36 can be widened in connection with the snapping-in. However, it is not known to be an advantage when the tongue, which should normally be rigid, is designed to bend in conjunction with the snapping-in.

This embodiment is shown in FIG. 21. Something like a groove 63 may be made inside the upper part of the tongue inside the vertical plane VP. The total size PB of the tongue can extend from inside to outside, for example greater than half the floor thickness T.

22A-22E and 23A-23E show snap-in at the inner edges 91, 92 (FIG. 19) and the outer edges 93, 94 (FIG. 19) of the two floorboards 2a, 2b. The connection shows how the parts of the connection system are bent. To simplify the manufacture, only thin projections and tongues are needed to bend. Indeed, of course all the parts under pressure will be compressed and bent to vary in extent depending on the thickness, bendability, composition, etc. of the material.

FIG. 22A shows the outer edges 93 and 94 and FIG. 23A shows the inner edges 91 and 92. These two figures show the positions when the edges of the plates come into contact with each other. The connection system is configured in such a way that even the outermost end of the tongue 38 is located outside of the lower projection 40. If the plates are moved further towards each other, the tongue 38 in the inner edges 91, 92 will press the plate 2b upward according to FIGS. 22B and 23B. The tongue will be bent downward and the plate 2b at the outer edges 93, 94 will be angularly upward. FIG. 23C shows that the tongue 38 at the inner edges 91, 92 is bent downward. At the outer edges 93, 94 according to FIG. 22C, the tongue 38 is bent upwards and the lower protrusion 40 is bent downwards. According to FIGS. 22d and 23d, this bending continues until the plates are moved further towards each other, and now also the lower projection 40 is bent at the inner edges 91, 92 according to FIG. 23d. 22E and 23E show the snapping-in position. Therefore, when the tongue and groove contact each other as the plate lies in the same plane by connecting with the snapping-in that occurs after the floorboard is locked along two different sides, the tongue 38 is bendable and the outside of the tongue 38 When located inside the outside of the lower protrusion 40, the snap-in can be very easy.

Some variations may be within the scope of the present invention. We manufacture and evaluate a large number of variations where different parts of the connection system are made of different widths, lengths, thicknesses, angles and radii of many different sheet materials and uniform plastic and wood panels. I have been. All connection systems are in the position of the upper and lower sides changed and in the snapping and angular movements of the grooves and tongues with respect to each other and in various combinations of the systems described here on the long and short sides and also in the prior art system. Has been tested. In addition, the locking system has a horizontal locking in the form of locking elements and locking grooves, where the locking face is an upper connection surface, when the tongue and groove have a plurality of locking elements and locking grooves, and the lower and lower protrusions of the tongue are in the form of locking elements and locking grooves. When formed by means.
In addition, as an example, it is preferable that the tongue 38 bends by a split tip when the tongue is viewed from the cross section of the tongue, i.e., the tongue can be bent by splitting it into two parts (not shown). Is not). In this case, during snapping-in the two parts of the tongue 38 bend towards each other, ie the upper tongue of the tongue 38 bends down and the lower tongue of the tongue 38 bends down.
In another embodiment, it is preferred that the locking system can further comprise a second mechanical lock (see FIGS. 1A-2C). In this embodiment, the second mechanical lock is formed on the lower side of the connecting edge portion 4b and extends parallel to the connecting plane VP. A locking strip 6 is integrally attached to the connecting edge 4a and extends substantially along the entire length of the connecting edge 4a. In addition, the locking strip 6 has locking elements 8, 8 ′ (see FIGS. 1A-2C), which protrude from the strap. When the two plates are mechanically connected, these locking elements 8, 8 ′ are received in the locking groove 14.

Claims (123)

In a locking system for mechanically connecting the floorboard in a connection plane (VP), the floorboard has a core 30, a front face 2, a back face 34 and an opposing connecting edge 4a. 4b), one connecting edge of which is defined as a top and bottom lip 39, 40 and is formed as a tongue groove 36 having a bottom end 48, and the other One connecting edge is formed as a tongue 38 with an upwards 8 at the free outer end, When viewed from the connecting plane VP, the tongue groove 36 takes the form of an undercut groove 36 having an opening, an interior 35 and an internal locking surface 45, A portion of the lower protrusion 40 is integrally formed with the core 30 of the floorboard, The tongue 38 has a locking surface 65, which, when the two floorboards are mechanically connected, cooperates with the inner locking surface 45 in the tongue groove 36 and thus of the floorboard. In the locking system, the front face (2) is formed to meet the connecting plane (VP) located in the same surface plane (HP) and facing perpendicularly thereto. The inner locking surface 45 of the tongue groove is formed on the upper protrusion 39 in the undercut portion 35 of the tongue groove to cooperate with the corresponding locking surface 65 of the tongue, The locking surface is formed on the upper portion 8 of the tongue 38 to prevent the two mechanically connected plates from falling out in the direction D2 perpendicular to the connecting plane VP, The lower protrusion 40 has a support surface 50 to cooperate with a corresponding support surface 71 on the tongue, the support surfaces being perpendicular to the surface plane HP of the two mechanically connected plates. Cooperate to prevent relative displacement to D1), When viewed from the intersection point C at which the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP intersect, all parts of the lower protrusion 40 connected to the core 30 are outside the locking plane LP2. The locking plane LP2 is located farther from the intersection than the locking plane LP1 parallel to it, and the locking plane LP1 is largely inclined with respect to the surface plane HP. Abuts the cooperating locking surfaces 45, 65 of the groove, All parts of the lower protrusion 40 connected to the core 30 are shorter than the upper protrusion 39 and terminated apart from the connecting plane VP. The lower protrusion 40 is flexible, The upper protrusion 39 is more rigid than the lower protrusion 40, When viewed in parallel with the surface plane HP, the support surface 50 of the lower protrusion is located away from the interior 47 of the undercut groove, which is closer to the connection plane VP than the interior, And The upper and lower protrusions of the connecting edges 4a and 4b are adapted to snap with the parts of the locking system during the downward bending of the lower protrusion 40 of the tongue groove. Characterized in that it is formed so as to connect the new floorboard with the new floorboard by pushing together motion essentially parallel to the surface plane HP of the floorboard, Locking system. The method of claim 1, Characterized in that the tongue 38 is flexible, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The connecting edges 4a, 4b are arranged in the floorboard arranged by pushing together with the surface plane of the floorboard which is essentially aligned with each other during the bending of the tongue 38 and the lower protrusion 40. It is designed to connect a new plate, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper and lower protrusions of the connecting edges 4a and 4b are adapted to disassemble the tongue 38 of one floorboard and the tongue groove 36 of the other floorboard and the surface plane HP and the bottom projections. Characterized by being designed to disassemble two mechanically connected floorboards by pivoting one floorboard upwardly relative to the other floorboard around a pivot center C close to the intersection point on the connection plane VP, Locking system. The method of claim 4, wherein The upper and lower protrusions of the connecting edges 4a and 4b disassemble the tongue 38 of one floorboard and the tongue groove 36 of the other floorboard during the downward bending of the lower projection. Designed to disassemble two mechanically connected floorboards by pivoting one floorboard upward relative to the other floorboard around a pivot center C near the intersection on the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP. Characterized by Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed parallel to the surface plane HP, Characterized in that the distance between the bottom end 48 of the tongue groove and the connection plane VP is further than the distance between the outer end 69 of the tongue and the connection plane VP, Locking system. delete The method according to claim 1 or 2, The angle A between the locking surfaces 45 and 65 and the surface plane HP is the tangent TL1 of the inward angular motion arc C1 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that the same as the angle between the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The angle A between the locking surfaces 45 and 65 and the surface plane HP is the tangent TL1 of the inward angular motion arc C1 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that greater than the angle between the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper protrusion 39 and the tongue 38 have contact surfaces 43 and 64 which cooperate with each other in a locked state, and the contact surface cooperates with the tongue 38 and the upper protrusion that cooperate with each other in a locked state. Characterized in that it is located in the region between the locking surfaces 45, 65 of the 39 and the connection plane VP, Locking system. The method of claim 10, When viewed from the cooperative locking surfaces 45 and 65, Characterized in that the tongue and the contact surface (43, 64) of the upper protrusion is inclined toward the connecting plane (VP), Locking system. The method of claim 10, The contact surfaces 43, 64 are characterized in that they are essentially parallel to the surface plane HP, Locking system. The method of claim 10, Characterized in that the contact surface (43, 64) is essentially planar, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The undercut groove 36 and the tongue 38 are formed from the locking surfaces 45 and 65 where the outer end 69 of the tongue connects the upper protrusion 39 and the tongue 38 to each other. Characterized in that it is designed to be spaced apart from the undercut groove 36 along an essentially total distance from the lower protrusion 40 to the cooperating support surfaces 50, 71 of the tongue 38, Locking system. The method of claim 14, When viewed in a vertical plane, Characterized in that the range of the surface portion of the outer end portion 69 of the tongue in contact with the surface portion of the undercut groove 36 is less than the surface portion range in contact with the locking surfaces 45, 65 during mechanical connection. Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The edges 4a and 4b having the tongue 38 and the tongue groove 36 are measured at the upper side to the lower side of the floorboard when the two floorboards are connected, and the edge portions supporting the tongue 38. Characterized in that there is a surface contact between the edge portions 4a, 4b along 30% or less of the edge surface, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The tongue 38 and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower projection 40 is characterized in that it is set at an angle of 10 ° or more to the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method of claim 17, The tongue and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower projection is characterized in that it is set at an angle of 30 ° or less to the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method of claim 18, The tongue and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower projection is characterized in that it is set at an angle of less than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The lower protrusion and a portion of the support surface 50, 71 of the tongue are farther from the connecting plane VP than the upper protrusion and the inclined locking surfaces 45, 65 of the tongue. Characterized in that located, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The undercut groove 36 and the tongue 38 are designed such that the floorboard mechanically connected with a similar floorboard is displaceable in the direction D3 along the connection plane VP, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The tongue 38 and the undercut groove 36 maintain contact between the plates at a point C on the connection edge of the plate near the intersection on the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP. Characterized by being designed to disassemble one plate from another by pivoting one plate relative to another plate, Locking system. The method of claim 22, The tongue 38 and the undercut groove 36 are in contact with the surface plane HP and the connecting plane without inherent contact between the side of the tongue facing the surface plane HP and the lower protrusion 40. Designed to be able to disassemble the plates by pivoting one plate relative to the other while maintaining contact between the plates at points on the connecting edges 4a, 4b of the plate near the intersection on the VP. Characterized by Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The distance between the locking plane LP2 and the plane LP1 in which all parts of the portion of the lower projection 40 parallel to and connected to the core is located on the outer side is 10% of the thickness T of the floorboard. It is ideal, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that the angle (A) between the upper protrusion and the locking surface (45, 65) of the tongue and the surface plane (HP) is more than 20 °, less than 90 °, Locking system. The method of claim 25, Characterized in that the angle A between the upper protrusion and the locking surfaces 45 and 65 of the tongue and the surface plane HP is greater than or equal to 30 °. Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, In cross section, The angle between the cooperating support surfaces 71 and 50 and the connecting plane VP is connected to the tangent TL2 of the outward angular motion arc C2 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that less than or equal to the angle between the plane VP, Locking system. The method of claim 27, In cross section, The angle between the cooperating support surfaces 71 and 50 and the connecting plane VP is connected to the tangent TL2 of the outward angular motion arc C2 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that greater than the angle between the plane VP, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The angle between the cooperative support surfaces 71, 50 of the tongue 38 and the lower protrusion 40 and the surface plane HP designed to cooperate is the same as the tongue 38 and the upper protrusion ( Characterized in that it is smaller than the angle between the cooperating locking surfaces 45, 65 of the surface 39 and the surface plane HP, Locking system. The method of claim 29, The support surfaces 71 and 50 of the tongue 38 and the lower protrusion 40 are cooperative locking surfaces of the tongue 38 and the upper protrusion 39 with respect to the surface plane HP. 45, 65, characterized in that inclined in the same direction, Locking system. The method of claim 27, The support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that to form an angle greater than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP) than in the locking surface (45, 65), Locking system. The method of claim 31, wherein The support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that to form an angle greater than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP) than in the locking surface (45, 65), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper protrusion and the locking surfaces 45 and 65 of the tongue are essentially planar in surface portions which cooperate with each other when the two plates are connected, Locking system. The method of claim 33, wherein When viewed from the connecting plane VP, The tongue 38 has a guide surface 68 located outside the locking surface 65 of the tongue, the angle between the surface plane HP and the guide surface 58 being the surface plane HP and the Characterized in that it is smaller than the angle between the locking surfaces 65, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper protrusion 39 has a guide surface 42, The distance between the opening of the tongue groove and the guide surface 42 is shorter than the distance between the opening of the tongue groove and the locking surface 45 and between the surface plane HP and the guide surface 42. The angle is smaller than the angle between the surface plane HP and the locking surface 45, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The position of the lower protrusion and the tongue in the direction away from the connecting plane VP at the ends of the support surfaces 50, 71 is such that the upper protrusion and the inclined locking surface 45, 65 of the tongue Characterized in that it is further than the position in the direction away from the connecting plane VP at the end of Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed from the end 69 of the tongue, The locking surface 65 of the tongue is characterized in that arranged at a distance of at least 0.1 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed parallel to the surface plane HP from the connection plane VP, Characterized in that the vertical size of the locking surface (45, 65) is less than half of the vertical size of the undercut (35), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When the floorboard is viewed in a vertical section, The locking surface 45, 65 is characterized in that having a size of less than 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed in the vertical direction from the connecting plane VP, The length of the tongue 38 is characterized in that more than 0.3 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The connecting edge portion 4b supporting the tongue, or the connecting edge portion 4a supporting the tongue groove, or the connecting edge portion 4b supporting the tongue and the connecting portion supporting the tongue groove. It is characterized in that all of the edges 4a have a gap 63 located on the tongue and spaced apart from the surface plane HP and terminated. Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed from the cross section of the undercut groove, The undercut groove 36 is characterized in that it has an outer opening tapered inwardly in the shape of a funnel, Locking system. The method of claim 42, The upper protrusion is characterized in that it has a bevel 42 in the outer edge located away from the surface plane (HP), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed from the cross section of the tongue, The tongue has a tapered end, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When viewed in cross section of the tongue, The tongue 38 is characterized in that it has a split end of the upper tongue and the lower tongue, Locking system. The method of claim 45, The upper tongue portion and the lower tongue portion of the tongue 38, characterized in that made of different materials of different material properties, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The tongue groove and the tongue is formed integrally with the floorboard, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper protrusion 39 is characterized in that thicker than the lower protrusion 40, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that the minimum thickness of the upper protrusion 39 adjacent to the undercut 35 is greater than the maximum thickness of the lower protrusion 40 adjacent to the support surface 50, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The size of the support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that less than 15% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When measured at the outer end of the support surface 50 and parallel to the connection plane VP, the vertical dimension between the upper protrusion 39 and the lower protrusion 40 is the thickness T of the floorboard. Characterized in that more than 30% of the, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Depth of the tongue groove 36 is characterized in that 2% or more than the corresponding size of the tongue 38, measured from the connection plane (VP), Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The tongue 38 is characterized in that it has a different material properties than the upper protrusion 39 or the lower protrusion 40, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper protrusion 39 and the lower protrusion 40, characterized in that made of different materials of different material properties, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The locking system further comprises a second mechanical lock, wherein the second mechanical lock, A locking groove formed on the lower side of the connecting edge portion supporting the tongue 38 and extending in parallel with the connecting plane VP and The adjacent plate (2) integrally attached to the connecting edge of the plate under the tongue groove (36), extending essentially along the entire length of the connecting edge, protruding from the strip and mechanically connecting the two plates. A locking strip 6 having a locking element 8 received in the locking groove 14 of Characterized in that, Locking system. The method of claim 55, The locking strip 6 is characterized in that it protrudes beyond the connection plane, Locking system. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The locking system is characterized in that it is formed in a plate with a core 30 of wood fiber based material, Locking system. The method of claim 57, The locking system is characterized in that it is formed in a plate with a core 30 of wood, Locking system. It has a core 30, a front face 2, a back face 34 and two opposing connecting edges 4a, 4b which are formed as part of a mechanical locking system, one of which has an upper and lower protrusion 39 , A tongue groove 36 formed by 40 and having a bottom end 48, the other connecting edge being formed as a tongue 38 having an upwards 8 at its free outer end, When viewed from the connecting plane VP, the tongue groove 36 takes the form of an undercut groove 36 having an opening, an interior 35 and an internal locking surface 45, A portion of the lower protrusion 40 is integrally formed with the core 30 of the floorboard, The tongue 38 has a locking surface 65, which, when the two floorboards are mechanically connected, cooperates with the inner locking surface 45 in the tongue groove 36 and thus of the floorboard. In the floorboard, the front face (2) is formed to meet in the connecting plane (VP) located in the same surface plane (HP) and oriented perpendicular thereto. The inner locking surface 45 of the tongue groove is formed on the upper protrusion 39 in the undercut portion 35 of the tongue groove to cooperate with the corresponding locking surface 65 of the tongue, A corresponding locking surface is formed on the upper portion 8 of the tongue 38 such that the two mechanically connected plates are not pulled out in the direction D2 perpendicular to the connecting plane VP, The lower protrusion 40 has a support surface 50 to cooperate with a corresponding support surface 71 on the tongue, the support surfaces being perpendicular to the surface plane HP of the two mechanically connected plates. Cooperate to prevent relative displacement to D1), When viewed from the intersection point C at which the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP intersect, all parts of the lower protrusion 40 connected to the core 30 are outside the locking plane LP2. The locking plane LP2 is located farther from the intersection than the locking plane LP1 parallel to it, and the locking plane LP1 is largely inclined with respect to the surface plane HP. Abuts the cooperating locking surfaces 45, 65 of the groove, All parts of the lower protrusion 40 connected to the core 30 are shorter than the upper protrusion 39 and terminated apart from the connecting plane VP. The lower protrusion 40 is flexible, The upper protrusion 39 is more rigid than the lower protrusion 40, When viewed in parallel with the surface plane HP, the support surface 50 of the lower protrusion is located away from the interior 47 of the undercut groove, which is closer to the connection plane VP than the interior, And The upper protrusion 39 and the lower protrusion 40 of the connecting edge portion of the floorboard are arranged to snap with the parts of the locking system during the downward bending of the lower protrusion 40 of the tongue groove. Characterized in that it is formed so as to be able to connect the placed floorboard and the new plate by the action of pushing together in parallel with the surface plane HP, Floorboard. The method of claim 59, Characterized in that the tongue 38 is flexible, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The connecting edges 4a, 4b are arranged by sliding together with the surface planes of the floorboards essentially aligned with each other during the bending of the tongue 38 and the lower projections 40. It is designed to connect a new plate, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper and lower protrusions of the connecting edges 4a and 4b are adapted to disassemble the tongue 38 of one floorboard and the tongue groove 36 of the other floorboard and the surface plane HP and the bottom projections. Characterized by being designed to disassemble two mechanically connected floorboards by pivoting one floorboard upward relative to the other floorboard around a pivot center C close to the intersection point on the connection plane VP, Floorboard. 63. The method of claim 62, The upper and lower protrusions of the connecting edges 4a and 4b disassemble the tongue 38 of one floorboard and the tongue groove 36 of the other floorboard during the downward bending of the lower projection. Designed to disassemble two mechanically connected floorboards by pivoting one floorboard upward relative to the other floorboard around a pivot center C near the intersection on the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP. Characterized by Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed parallel to the surface plane HP, Characterized in that the distance between the bottom end 48 of the tongue groove and the connection plane VP is further than the distance between the outer end 69 of the tongue and the connection plane VP, Floorboard. delete 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The angle A between the locking surfaces 45 and 65 and the surface plane HP is the tangent TL1 of the inward angular motion arc C1 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that the same as the angle between the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The angle A between the locking surfaces 45 and 65 and the surface plane HP is the tangent TL1 of the inward angular motion arc C1 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that greater than the angle between the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper protrusion 39 and the tongue 38 have contact surfaces 43 and 64 which cooperate with each other in a locked state, and the contact surface cooperates with each other in the locked state with the locking of the upper protrusion and the tongue. Characterized in that it is located in the area between the surfaces 45, 65 and the connection plane VP, Floorboard. The method of claim 68, wherein When viewed from the cooperative locking surfaces 45 and 65, Characterized in that the tongue and the contact surface (43, 64) of the upper protrusion is inclined toward the connecting plane (VP), Floorboard. The method of claim 68, wherein The contact surfaces 43, 64 are characterized in that they are essentially parallel to the surface plane HP, Floorboard. The method of claim 68, wherein Characterized in that the contact surface (43, 64) is essentially planar, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The undercut groove 36 and the tongue 38 are formed from the locking surfaces 45 and 65 where the outer end 69 of the tongue connects the upper protrusion 39 and the tongue 38 to each other. Characterized in that it is designed to be spaced apart from the undercut groove 36 along an essentially total distance from the lower projection to the cooperating support surfaces 50, 71 of the tongue, Floorboard. The method of claim 72, When the two floorboards are mechanically connected, the vertical plane extent of the surface portion of the outer end 69 of the tongue in contact with the surface portion of the undercut groove 36 is such that the surface portions of the locking surfaces 45 and 65 contact. Characterized in that it is smaller than the range on the vertical plane, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The edges 4a and 4b having the tongue 38 and the tongue groove 36 are measured from the upper side to the lower side of the floorboard when the two floorboards are connected to each other. Characterized in that there is a surface contact between the edges along 30% or less, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The tongue and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower protrusion is characterized in that it is set at an angle of 10 ° or more to the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 76. The method of claim 75 wherein The tongue and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower projection is characterized in that it is set at an angle of less than 30 ° to the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 77. The method of claim 76, The tongue and the cooperating support surface (50, 71) of the lower projection is characterized in that it is set at an angle of less than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The lower protrusion and a portion of the support surface 50, 71 of the tongue are farther from the connecting plane VP than the upper protrusion and the inclined locking surfaces 45, 65 of the tongue. Characterized in that located, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The undercut groove 36 and the tongue 38 are designed such that the floorboard mechanically connected with a similar floorboard is displaceable in the direction D3 along the connection plane VP, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The tongue 38 and the undercut groove 36 are between the plates at points C on the connecting edges 4a, 4b of the plate near the intersection on the surface plane HP and the connection plane VP. Characterized by being designed to disassemble one plate from another plate by pivoting one plate relative to the other plate while maintaining contact of Floorboard. 81. The method of claim 80, The tongue 38 and the undercut groove 36 are in contact with the surface plane HP and the connecting plane without inherent contact between the side of the tongue facing the surface plane HP and the lower protrusion 40. Designed to be able to disassemble the plates by pivoting one plate relative to the other while maintaining contact between the plates at points on the connecting edges 4a, 4b of the plate near the intersection on the VP. Characterized by Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The distance between the locking plane LP2 and the plane LP1 in which all parts of the portion of the lower projection parallel to and connected to the core 30 is located on the outer side is 10% of the thickness T of the floorboard. It is ideal, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, Characterized in that the angle (A) between the upper protrusion and the locking surface (45, 65) of the tongue and the surface plane (HP) is more than 20 °, less than 90 °, Floorboard. 84. The method of claim 83 wherein Characterized in that the angle A between the upper protrusion and the locking surfaces 45 and 65 of the tongue and the surface plane HP is greater than or equal to 30 °. Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, In cross section, The angle between the cooperating support surfaces 71 and 50 and the connecting plane VP is connected to the tangent TL2 of the outward angular motion arc C2 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that less than or equal to the angle between the plane VP, Floorboard. 86. The method of claim 85, In cross section, The angle between the cooperating support surfaces 71 and 50 and the connecting plane VP is connected to the tangent TL2 of the outward angular motion arc C2 at the point closest to the bottom 48 of the undercut groove. Characterized in that greater than the angle between the plane VP, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The angle between the cooperative support surfaces 71, 50 of the tongue 38 and the lower protrusion 40 and the surface plane HP designed to cooperate is the same as the tongue 38 and the upper protrusion ( Characterized in that it is smaller than the angle between the cooperating locking surfaces 45, 65 of the surface 39 and the surface plane HP, Floorboard. 88. The method of claim 87 wherein The lower protrusion and the support surfaces 50, 71 of the tongue are designed to cooperate and slope in the same direction, but the surface plane HP of the lower protrusion and the support surfaces 50, 71 of the tongue Characterized in that the inclination angle with respect to the tongue and the upper projection is set smaller than the inclination angle with respect to the surface plane HP of the cooperating locking surfaces 45, 65. Floorboard. 86. The method of claim 85, The support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that to form an angle greater than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP) than in the locking surface (45, 65), Floorboard. 80. The method of claim 79 wherein The support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that to form an angle greater than 20 ° to the surface plane (HP) than in the locking surface (45, 65), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper protrusion and the locking surfaces 45 and 65 of the tongue are essentially planar in surface portions which cooperate with each other when the two plates are connected, Floorboard. 92. The method of claim 91 wherein When viewed from the connecting plane VP, The tongue 38 has a guide surface 68 located outside the locking surface 65 of the tongue, the angle of the guide surface 68 with respect to the surface plane HP of the locking surface 65 of the locking surface 65. Characterized in that it is smaller than the angle to the surface plane HP, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper protrusion 39 has a guide surface 42, which is positioned closer to the opening of the tongue groove than the locking surface 45 of the upper protrusion, and the guide surface 42. ), The angle with respect to the surface plane HP is smaller than the angle with respect to the surface plane HP of the locking surface 45, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The lower protrusion and a portion of the support surface 50, 71 of the tongue are farther from the connecting plane VP than the upper protrusion and the inclined locking surfaces 45, 65 of the tongue. Characterized in that located, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed from the end 69 of the tongue, The locking surface 65 of the tongue is characterized in that arranged at a distance of at least 0.1 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed parallel to the surface plane HP from the connection plane VP, Characterized in that the vertical size of the locking surface (45, 65) is less than half of the vertical size of the undercut (35), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When the floorboard is viewed in a vertical section, The locking surface 45, 65 is characterized in that having a size of less than 10% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed in the vertical direction from the connecting plane VP, The length of the tongue 38 is characterized in that more than 0.3 times the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The connecting edge portion 4b supporting the tongue, or the connecting edge portion 4a supporting the tongue groove, or the connecting edge portion 4b supporting the tongue and the connecting portion supporting the tongue groove. It is characterized in that both edges 4a have a gap 63 located on the tongue and spaced apart from the surface plane HP and terminated. Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed from the cross section of the undercut groove, The undercut groove 36 is characterized in that it has an outer opening tapered inwardly in the shape of a funnel, Floorboard. 101. The method of claim 100, The upper protrusion 39 is characterized in that it has a bevel 42 on the outer edge located away from the surface plane (HP), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed in cross section of the tongue, Said tongue has a tapered end 69, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When viewed in cross section of the tongue, The tongue 38 is characterized in that it has a separate end of the upper tongue and the lower tongue, Floorboard. 103. The method of claim 103, The upper tongue portion and the lower tongue portion of the tongue 38, characterized in that made of different materials of different material properties, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The tongue groove and the tongue is formed integrally with the floorboard, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper protrusion 39 is characterized in that thicker than the lower protrusion 40, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, Characterized in that the minimum thickness of the upper protrusion 39 adjacent to the undercut 35 is greater than the maximum thickness of the lower protrusion 40 adjacent to the support surface 50, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The size of the support surface (50, 71) is characterized in that less than 15% of the thickness (T) of the floorboard, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, When measured parallel to the connection plane VP and measured at the outer end of the support surface, the vertical dimension between the upper protrusion 39 and the lower protrusion 40 is 30% of the thickness T of the floorboard. It is ideal, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, Depth of the tongue groove 36 is characterized in that 2% or more than the corresponding size of the tongue 38, measured from the connection plane (VP), Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, Characterized in that the tongue 38 is made of a different material of different material properties than the upper protrusion 39 or the lower protrusion 40, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The upper protrusion 39 and the lower protrusion 40, characterized in that made of a material having a different property, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The locking system further comprises a second mechanical lock; The second mechanical lock portion, A locking groove formed on the lower side of the connecting edge portion supporting the tongue 38 and extending in parallel with the connecting plane VP and The adjacent plate (2) integrally attached to the connecting edge of the plate under the tongue groove (36), extending essentially along the entire length of the connecting edge, protruding from the strip and mechanically connecting the two plates. Locking strip 6, having a locking element 8 received in the locking groove 14 of Characterized in that, Floorboard. 115. The method of claim 113, The locking strip 6 is characterized in that it protrudes beyond the connection plane, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The floorboard is characterized in that it is formed in a plate having a core 30 of wood fiber-based material, Floorboard. 116. The method of claim 115, The floorboard is characterized in that it is formed in a plate with a core 30 of wood, Floorboard. 61. The method of claim 59 or 60, The floorboard is characterized in that it is quadrilateral with sides parallel in pairs 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, Floorboard. 118. The method of claim 117, Said floorboard has a mechanical locking system at all four side edges, Floorboard. 118. The method of claim 117, The floorboard is provided with the connecting edge 4b with the tongue 38 on the pair of parallel connecting edges, or the connecting edge 4a with the tongue grooves 36, or the tongue 38. Both the connecting edge 4b having and the connecting edge 4a having the tongue groove 36 have the connecting edge 4b having the tongue on another pair of parallel connecting edges, or the tongue groove. Characterized in that it is formed of a different material property than both the connecting edge 4a with the connecting edge 4a or the connecting edge 4b with the tongue 38 and the connecting edge 4a with the tongue groove 36. doing, Floorboard. The method of claim 1, The tongue groove and the tongue are configured to form a space beyond the outer end of the tongue within the tongue groove when the two floorboards are mechanically connected, Locking system. The method of claim 59, The tongue groove and the tongue are configured to form a space beyond the outer end of the tongue within the tongue groove when the two floorboards are mechanically connected, Floorboard. delete delete

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