KR100867337B1 - Burner for the combustion of pulverized fuel made from food waste - Google Patents

Abstract

A burner for the combustion of pulverized fuel made from food waste is provided to be available to an energy recovery utility by preventing the generation of the intermediate products due to incomplete combustion by completely burning pulverized fuel. A burner(10) for combustion comprises a pulverized fuel delivery pipe having a channel inside; a heating unit arranged on the outer surface of the pulverized fuel delivery pipe; an injector of the cone-shape equipped in the inner side one end of the pulverized fuel delivering pipe; and a pulverized fuel supply part(30) equipped on the top of the pulverized fuel delivering pipe.

Description

Burner for the combustion of pulverized fuel made from food waste}

1 is a block diagram showing an energy recovery process including a burner for burning powder fuel prepared from the food waste of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a burner for burning powder fuel produced from the food waste of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the injector of the burner for powder fuel combustion produced from the food waste of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a front view showing the front portion of the powdered fuel combustion burner produced from the food waste of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing a powder fuel preheater of a powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention.

** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings **

10: burner 11: powder fuel delivery pipe

12: heating means 13: injector

14: powder fuel inlet 15: ignition burner

16: auxiliary fuel inlet 17: compressed air nozzle

18: Secondary outer wall 18a: Secondary euro

19: tertiary outer wall 19a: tertiary euro

20: block 21: diffuser

22: air distributor

30: powder fuel supply unit 31: storage hopper

32: feeder 33: powder fuel preheater

34: Descent 35: Baffle

40: combustion furnace 41: fluidized bed heat exchanger

42: semi-dry absorption tower 43: activated carbon feeder

44: bag filter 45: id pan

46: preheater 47: header

49: chimney 50: hot blower

51: low temperature blower

The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that removes contaminants from food waste, and applies a powdered fuel prepared by dehydration, salt removal, drying, and crushing to an energy recovery system, that is, a burner.

The prior art relates to a method for producing a solid fuel by mixing a combustible material and food waste dry matter or a powder fuel combustion device manufactured by processing food waste. Recycling to recover energy from wastes should not be mixed with other substances and the lower calorific value of the wastes should be more than 3,000 kilocalories per kilogram. Therefore, in order to recycle the resources from the energy recovery system instead of the incineration plant, a single component fuel must be manufactured. In addition, the conventional powder fuel combustion apparatus has a limited preheating device to finely pulverize the powder fuel particle size of 0.1mm-0.5mm, but the present invention enables stable combustion when the powder fuel particle size is 20 mesh or 0.86 mm or less. Conventional powder fuel combustion apparatus has a problem that the combustion efficiency is lowered because there is no device for promoting the volatilization of volatile matter from the powder fuel.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to heat the powder fuel using the waste heat generated in the combustion process of the powdered fuel prepared from food waste and to supply the primary air to the burner It is to provide a burner for burning powder fuel produced from food waste which can improve the combustion efficiency by heating the waste and recycle waste heat.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a burner for burning powder fuel prepared from food waste which can be applied to an energy recovery facility by completely burning powdered fuel and preventing generation of intermediate products by incomplete combustion.

The present invention relates to a clean combustion method that effectively burns powdered fuel prepared from food waste to increase combustion efficiency and facilitates material and heat transfer from powder particles during combustion to suppress intermediate products caused by incomplete combustion. Powdered fuel has a lower carbonization rate (fixed carbon / volatile content) than coal, so it is easily ignited. Water content is 10-15%.

The powdered fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention for achieving the above object is in the powdered fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste,

The burner includes a hollow tube-shaped powder fuel transfer pipe having a flow path formed therein; Heating means disposed on an outer surface of the powder fuel delivery pipe; A cone-shaped injector provided at one inner end of the powder fuel delivery pipe; And a powder fuel supply unit provided at an upper portion of the powder fuel transport pipe.

In addition, a powder fuel inlet is formed between the powder fuel feed pipe and the powder fuel supply unit, and the other circumference of the powder fuel inlet port and the end of the injector are positioned on the same waterline.

In addition, the other end of the burner is further provided with an ignition burner, the burner is characterized in that the auxiliary fuel inlet through which auxiliary fuel is input.

In addition, the lower side of the injector is characterized in that the compressed air injection port for compressed air is injected from the outside is formed.

On the other hand, the powdered fuel supply unit and a storage hopper for storing the powdered fuel; A feeder connected to the storage hopper to move powder fuel; And a powder fuel preheater connected to the feeder to preheat the powder fuel introduced from the feeder.

Hereinafter, a burner for powder fuel combustion according to the present invention having the configuration as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing an energy recovery process including a powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an injector of a powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view showing a front portion of the powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention, and FIG. Is a cross-sectional view showing a powder fuel preheater of a powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from food waste.

As shown in the drawings, the powdered fuel combustion burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention has a hollow tube-shaped powder fuel transfer pipe 11 having a powdered fuel flow path so that the powdered fuel is largely moved therein, and the powdered fuel. Heating means 12 arranged to surround the outer surface of the conveying pipe 11, the cone-shaped injector 13 and the powdered fuel conveying pipe 11 provided in the inner end of the powdered fuel conveying pipe 11 Powder fuel supply unit 30 is composed of a storage hopper 31 is provided at the top of the powder hopper and the powder fuel preheater 33, the feeder 32 connected to the storage hopper 31 and the preheating of the powder fuel. .

The burner 10 has an auxiliary fuel inlet 16 through which auxiliary fuel is injected, a compressed air injection hole 17 through which compressed air is injected, and a powder fuel inlet 14 through which powder fuel is injected from the powder fuel supply unit 30. And the ignition burner 15 is further provided at the other end, that is, the end of the combustion furnace 40 side.

In addition, the secondary outer wall 18 is provided on the outer surface of the powder fuel delivery pipe 11 so as to form a secondary flow path 18a through which the secondary air flows, and on the outer surface of the secondary outer wall 18. The tertiary outer wall 19 is further provided to form a tertiary flow passage 19a through which tertiary air is flowed, and a diffuser 21 is further provided at an end of the secondary flow passage 18a. In addition, the upper and lower spaces of the injector 13 is formed with a blocking portion 20 for sealing the space.

Looking at the energy recovery process including the powdered fuel burner burner prepared from the food waste of the present invention, the energy recovery process is the burner (10) and the burner (10) for the fuel burner manufactured from the food waste of the present invention And a combustion bed 40 in which powder fuel is combusted, a fluidized bed heat exchanger 41 in which steam is generated by hot combustion gas generated from the combustion furnace 40, and the fluidized bed heat exchanger 41. Activated carbon introduced from the semi-dry absorption tower 42 through which the acid gas is removed from the combustion gas passing through) and the dust removed from the combustion gas discharged from the semi-dry absorption tower 42 and the activated carbon injector 43 provided on one side. Due to the bag filter 44 is removed from the harmful substances such as dioxin, the chimney 49 is discharged to the outside of the combustion gas discharged from the bag filter 44, and from the bag filter 44 Submitted is composed of an air preheater 46 that the outside air is heated by a part of combustion gas.

The combustion furnace 40 constituting the energy recovery process has a predetermined shape so as to secure a combustion space of a predetermined space, and combustion of the powder fuel supplied through the burner 10 is performed. The hot combustion gas generated in the process of burning the powdered fuel is moved to the fluidized bed heat exchanger 41 to generate steam, and thereafter, the acid gas is removed through the semi-dry absorption tower 42 and the bag filter ( After passing through 44, the dust is removed and the activated carbon introduced from the activated carbon injector provided in the bag filter 44 removes harmful substances such as dioxins, and is sucked by the id fan 45 to form a chimney. It is discharged to the outside through 49.

In this process, a part of the combustion gas discharged to the chimney 49 is moved to the air preheater 46 to exchange heat with external air. The air preheater 46 passes the combustion gas into the heat transfer tube in the form of a shell and tube, and the external air is sent to the shell side and passes between the heat transfer tubes. At this time, the flow directions of the combustion gas and the external air are reversed to form opposite flows.

The external air heated by the air preheater 46 is used as the primary air supplied to the burner 10 through the high temperature blower 50 and mixed with the powdered fuel, and partly supplied to the powdered fuel preheater 33. It is used as heating air for heating powder fuel.

The combustion furnace 40 is further provided with a header 47, the header 47 is the external air at room temperature supplied from the low temperature blower 51 and the secondary flow path 18a of the burner 10 and the ignition burner. 15 is to be selectively supplied to the air chamber (not shown) installed in the lower part of the combustion furnace (40).

Looking at the operation of the powder fuel combustion burner prepared from the food waste of the present invention and the energy recovery process including the burner,

First, the powdered fuel produced from the food waste is stored in the storage hopper 31. The powdered fuel stored in the storage hopper 31 is introduced into the powdered fuel preheater 33 by a predetermined amount through the feeder 32, wherein the powdered fuel preheater 33 is a high temperature supplied from the air preheater 46. The powder fuel is heated by external air, and the powder fuel is heated by direct contact with the powder dropping pipe 34 and the powder fuel in the process of moving the powder fuel down through the spiral or S-shaped drop pipe 34. At this time, since the powdered fuel circulated in the dropping pipe 34 continues to move, the powdered fuel does not stay inside the dropping pipe 34 and thus does not occur. The high temperature external air, which is a medium for heating the powdered fuel, flows into the lower side of the powdered fuel preheater 33, which is a heat exchanger, and is discharged to the outside through a plurality of baffles 35.

In the powder fuel preheater 33, the powder fuel is heated to about 100 ° C. At about 100 ° C, the powdered fuel has a small amount of water evaporated and the amount of evaporated volatiles is very small, so that it hardly affects the calorific value.

Thus, the powder fuel introduced into the powder fuel transfer pipe 11 of the burner 10 from the powder fuel preheater 33 through the powder fuel inlet 14 is of a high temperature supplied from the air preheater 46. Mixed with the primary air is moved into the combustion furnace (40).

Here, the high temperature primary air introduced from the air preheater 46 is introduced through the cone-shaped injector 13 provided at one end of the powder fuel delivery pipe 11. In this process, as the flow rate of the primary air increases and the pressure decreases, the powder fuel flowing from the powder fuel preheater 33 is naturally sucked into the powder fuel transfer pipe 11. At this time, the position of the air discharge side end of the injector 13 is the inside of the powder fuel inlet 14 located closest to the powder fuel discharge side of the powder fuel transfer pipe 11 of the inner wall surface of the powder fuel inlet 14. It is preferably located on the longitudinal extension of the wall . The inner wall surface of the powder fuel inlet 14 of which the position of the air discharge side end of the injector 13 is located closest to the powder fuel discharge side of the powder fuel delivery pipe 11 among the inner wall surfaces of the powder fuel inlet 14. Since the primary air discharged at high speed through the injector does not affect the powder fuel inlet 14 as it is positioned on the longitudinal extension line of the back pressure, there is almost no back pressure.

The powder fuel feed pipe by heating means 12 disposed on an outer surface of the powder fuel feed pipe 11 in the process of moving the powder fuel to the combustion furnace 40 through the powder fuel feed pipe 11. (11), of course, the powder fuel that is moved to the combustion furnace 40 through the powder fuel delivery pipe 11 is heated. At this time, the heating means 12 is preferably heated to about 110 ~ 150 ℃. When the heating temperature of the heating means 12 is lower than the aforementioned range, the time required for volatilization of the volatile component from the powder fuel increases, and the powder fuel adheres to the inner wall of the powder fuel transfer pipe 11 by moisture. On the contrary, if the heating temperature is higher than the aforementioned range, unnecessary waste of energy is caused.

A compressed air injection hole 17 through which compressed air is injected is formed at a lower side of the injector 13, and the compressed air injection hole 17 injects compressed air into the powder fuel delivery pipe 11, and the burner In the abnormal operation of (10), compressed air is injected so that powder fuel does not accumulate between the injector 13 and the powder fuel feed pipe 11.

Before the powdered fuel is moved to the combustion furnace 40 through the burner 10, auxiliary fuel such as LPG or LNG is supplied through the auxiliary fuel inlet 16 formed in the burner 10. The auxiliary fuel is used for the purpose of preheating the combustion furnace (40). That is, by injecting auxiliary fuel such as LPG or LNG before injecting the powder fuel to increase the temperature inside the combustion furnace 40 by radiant heat from the inner wall of the combustion furnace 40 and the flame formed in the ignition burner 15. Powder fuel is ignited to allow combustion.

In the process in which the powdered fuel is discharged into the combustion furnace 40 through the powdered fuel transport pipe 11, the external air at room temperature is introduced into the secondary flow path 18a by the low temperature blower 51 and the combustion furnace 40 is discharged to the inside. A plurality of air distribution holes 22 are formed along the periphery of the secondary outer wall 18 forming the secondary flow path 18a, and are formed in the secondary flow path 18a through the air distribution hole 22. Some of the air that is circulated is discharged into the combustion furnace 40 through the third passage 19a. Here, a diffuser 21 is provided at an end of the secondary flow passage 18a, and the diffuser 21 allows the air discharged from the secondary flow passage 18a to be pivoted.

The powdered fuel injected from the burner 10 is heated by the powdered fuel preheater 33 and the preheated primary air and the heating means 12 and the water content is low, so that LPG passes through a very short period of evaporation of water. Alternatively, the fuel is ignited by the ignition burner 15 using LNG as a fuel. Since powdered fuel is already heated above 100 ℃, volatiles are easily volatilized and burned, and a small amount of fixed carbon burns through a volatilized section, but this powdered fuel has a very low fixed carbon content. The combustion section is very short compared to coal.

Since the secondary air circulated in the secondary flow path 18a is supplied while turning by the diffuser 21 and the tertiary air goes straight, the secondary air property spreads and shortens the flame and the tertiary air property is flame Make it narrow and long. By adjusting the ratio of the secondary air and the tertiary air to form an appropriate recirculation region, the secondary and tertiary air by the gas recirculation for the powder fuel particles injected from the burner 10 by the primary air ignition source To stabilize the flame. In addition, the combustion efficiency is increased by causing the burned ash to fall to a position sufficiently far from the burner 10 due to the air flow in the combustion space.

The hot combustion gas generated from the powdered fuel combusted in the combustion furnace 40 generates steam through the fluidized bed heat exchanger 41, and the acid gas is removed through the semi-dry absorption tower 42. Removal of harmful substances such as dust and dioxin is performed through the bag filter 44 provided with the activated carbon injector 43.

Thus, the hot combustion gas passing through the bag filter 44 is partially discharged to the chimney 49 by the id fan 45 and partly recycled to the air preheater 46.

The characteristics of the present invention is that by preheating the powder fuel before supplying it to the injector 13 and using the preheated air, the temperature increase section required for discharging volatiles from the powder fuel is short, so that the ignition is easy and stable combustion occurs, thus the combustion efficiency is increased. High.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the scope of application of the present invention is not limited, and the present invention is not departed from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Implementation will be possible.

As described above, according to the present invention, by preheating the powdered fuel and combustion air produced from food waste to make the volatiles easily volatilized, there is an effect of improving the combustibility of the powdered fuel.

In addition, there is an effect that energy is recycled by reusing waste heat generated from combustion of powdered fuel.

In addition, the powdered fuel is effectively dispersed in the burner combustion air and the cake generation on the wall of the powdered fuel delivery pipe is prevented, so that food waste, which was difficult to dispose of as waste, can be used as a renewable energy fuel in an energy recovery facility. It has the unique effect of replacing the oil required for oil and reducing CO2 emissions.

Claims (9)

delete In the fuel burner burner manufactured from food waste, The burner 10 includes a hollow fuel pipe-shaped powder fuel transfer pipe 11 having a flow path therein; Heating means (12) disposed on an outer surface of the powder fuel delivery pipe (11); A cone-shaped injector 13 provided at an inner end of the powder fuel delivery pipe 11; And Powder fuel supply unit 30 provided on the upper portion of the powder fuel transport pipe (11), including the powder fuel transport pipe (11) from the powder fuel supply pipe (30) from the powder fuel transport pipe (11) Powder fuel inlet 14 is formed to supply powder fuel therein, and the position of the air discharge side end of the injector 13 is the powder of the powder fuel feed pipe 11 among the inner wall surface of the powder fuel inlet 14. Burner for burning powder fuel produced from food waste, characterized in that located on the longitudinal extension line of the inner wall surface of the powder fuel inlet (14) closest to the fuel discharge side . delete delete delete In the fuel burner burner manufactured from food waste, The burner 10 includes a hollow fuel pipe-shaped powder fuel transfer pipe 11 having a flow path therein; Heating means (12) disposed on an outer surface of the powder fuel delivery pipe (11); A cone-shaped injector 13 provided at an inner end of the powder fuel delivery pipe 11; And A storage hopper 31 in which powdered fuel is stored, a feeder 32 connected to the storage hopper 31 to move powder fuel, and a powdered fuel introduced from the feeder 32 connected to the feeder 32 Powder fuel combustion burner manufactured from food waste, characterized in that comprises a powder fuel preheater (33) to be preheated, the powder fuel supply unit (30) provided in the upper portion of the powder fuel transfer pipe (11). The method according to claim 2 or 6, The other end of the burner 10 is a burner for burning powder fuel produced from food waste, characterized in that the ignition burner 15 is further provided. The method according to claim 2 or 6, The burner (10) is a burner for burning powder fuel produced from food waste, characterized in that the auxiliary fuel inlet 16 is a secondary fuel input. The method according to claim 2 or 6, The lower side of the injector 13 is a burner for burning powder fuel produced from food waste, characterized in that the compressed air injection port 17 is formed from the compressed air is injected from the outside.

Images