KR100768278B1 - Method and apparatus for providing a primer with a detonator in a borehole - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an apparatus adapted to hold the full explosive (3) together with the explosive (7) and intended to be provided in the borehole by a loading hose (21) for filling the explosive into the hole. The present invention has a cartridge type plug (1), which is adapted to be inserted into the outlet of the loading hose (21) and to be releasably retained in the loading hose (21), and the explosive charge is loaded. When it comes out of the hose 21 it is adapted to be released from the loading hose. Also included is a loader for the method of loading into the holes and for the device described above.

Explosives, Explosives, Load Hose, Cartridge Type Plug, Open End, Closed End, Outer Flange, Bulk Explosive

Description

Method and apparatus for providing a primer with a detonator to a borehole {Method and apparatus for providing a primer with a detonator in a borehole}

The present invention relates to a device having a primer and a detonator for insertion into a loading hose to insert a bulk explosive. A method of using the device and a loader for loading with the device is also described in connection with the whole loading of the explosives.

When blasting cavities of rock and tunnels of rock, in order to succeed in the ignition or detonation of the explosives, a hole is usually drilled into the borehole and then into the borehole, explosives, preferably lump explosives, together with the full explosives and the explosives. Position it. Explosives, Explosives, and Explosives are often placed in boreholes by specific devices and systems designed for use. The explosive may be in the form of a powder, pasta / gel, slurry or emulsion.

The holes may have various directions from horizontal to vertical / upward. Primarily for safety reasons, it is desirable to be able to carry out the loading at a certain distance from the borehole. The reason is probably that the hole is inaccessible, the top / front area of the hole can be dangerous, and this type of field work must be able to be performed quickly and safely.                 

Various systems are known for remotely placing lump explosives in boreholes. Such systems include hoses or sticks and supply systems for the bulk explosives and branch pipes for inserting the necessary full explosives with the explosives. Typically hoses or rods have a diameter between 1 cm and 15 cm, usually made of a flexible material such as rubber or plastic. A full explosive with an explosive can be pushed into the bottom of the borehole, usually at the location of the hose to be loaded with the bulk explosive. These full explosives are often packaged in the form of cartridges or skins to form a "sausage-shaped" unit into which the explosive is pushed.

Examples of the prior art are shown in Swedish publications 7506593-8 and 465566.

SE 465 566 discloses a feeder and a loading unit for flexible hoses or rods. The feeder comprises a branch or pipe and band for carrying a hose or rod with a feed for inserting a full explosive with an explosive.

SE 7506593-8 discloses a device for inserting a batch of ammunition into a borehole. The device includes a unit having a fuse / wire wound around the device.

In these publications it is disclosed that a full explosive with an explosive is carried in front of the supply hose and in this way pushed into the borehole. In some cases, however, the loading attempt must be interrupted and items must be removed again. This will be difficult with the devices shown in the prior art. In addition, the detonator may have the problem that it "falls" into the borehole when it tilts downward or longitudinally. These holes are often filled with water or other liquids, so that the full explosive with the explosive is surrounded by water outside the filled explosive, which affects the ignition of the explosive.

The foregoing and other disadvantages relating to the loading of boreholes are eliminated by the present invention. The present invention relates to an apparatus adapted to have a full explosive having an explosive intended to be provided in the borehole by a loading hose for filling the explosive into the borehole. This device is adapted to be released at the loading hose 21, to be released from the loading hose 21, and to be released from the loading hose when the explosive is taken out of the loading hose 21. And a cartridge type plug. The device will have an open end and a closed end, and then the full explosive will normally be filled through the open end, and the closed end will first be placed in the loading hose. The initiator is placed through the open end in the device and the precursor. Alternatively, a plug or seal may be formed at the open end having the opening for the detonating agent. The detonating agent may preferably be protected by the device when it is in place.

The cartridge type plug does not necessarily need to seal the outlet of the loading hose, which means that the volumetric flow rate and viscosity of the bulking explosive cannot be sufficient to push the plug out. For it will be added. The cartridge is releasably securely positioned in the loading hose because of the friction between the tube and the cartridge, but when the bulk explosive flows out of the loading hose, it exceeds the limit of this friction. The bulk explosive may be pumped into the loading hose or may flow out due to gravity.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for providing a detonating agent and a full explosive in a bore to be blasted by a device adapted to integrate the detonating agent to be provided to the borehole with the full explosive by a loading hose for filling the explosive into the borehole Explosives and detonators are inserted into the cartridge type plugs, the plugs are pushed into the outlet of the loading hose and are releasably secured therein during insertion of the hose into the borehole, and when the mass explosive is guided out of the loading hose, By means of releasing the plug from the loading hose.

The present invention also includes a feeder, a branching pipe having an inlet and an outlet connected to the deviator, a transport channel, a guide tube and a charge hose, which supply carries the charge hose through the guide tube into the outlet of the branch pipe. A method of using a charger adapted to the present invention, the method comprising inserting an electrostatic hose into the guide tube by a supply so that one end of the charge hose is positioned in the guide tube, inserting the device into the transport channel, Conveying through the transport channel into the branch pipe until reaching the stationary device located at the exit of the engine, supplying the loading hose so that the loading hose reaches the outside of the device, and releasing the stopping device And carried out of the outlet of the branch with the device to be carried to the bottom of the borehole.

The invention also includes a loader for loading the bulk explosive into the boreholes, the feeder for supplying the loading hose, the guide tube for guiding the loading hose, and the transport for inserting the device into the branch pipe. It includes a channel. The loader further includes a stopper where the loading hose holds the device at the outlet of the branch pipe to the outside of the device.

The device is filled with full explosives and detonators known in the art. The device can be inserted manually or automatically at the end of the loading hose before it reaches the hole, usually the borehole or the blast hole of the rock. Prior to inserting the loading hose into the hole, the bulking explosive is led out of the loading hose so that the massing expels the device out of the loading hose, so that the device stays in the borehole surrounded by the bulking explosive. The lump explosive continues to flow out of the filling hose and the filling hose is pushed out of the hole, and the hole is filled with a predetermined amount of lump explosive. Detonators are well known in the art for igniting or detonating detonators and are connected in a conventional manner by wires or fuses.

This loader looks similar to that described in Swedish publication SE 465 566, but the loader according to the invention also includes a stop unit in the branch pipe (indicated by guide tube 50 in the Swedish publication). This branch pipe comprises two regions that are angled with respect to each other as two substantially straight regions connected with a bend or bend. The guide tube is connected at the bend with the branch tube such that the guide tube forms an almost straight extension of one nearly straight region and is angled with the other nearly straight region. The stop device is provided in a straight region of the branch pipe forming an extension of the guide tube, which device can be "parked" with respect to the stop device after being inserted into the branch pipe. The stationary device can be controlled in a variety of ways as long as the loading hose stops the device beyond the device. Counters for electrostatic hoses may be used, for example, to indicate when the loading hose is placed on the device and when the loading hose is in a position to accept transport of the device. This position is in the region of the guide tube before the change of branching pipe. The stationary device can be controlled electrically, aerodynamically or hydraulically. Photocells or other means can be used to detect and control this process.

The invention will be explained more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG.

1 shows a device suitable for integrating a full explosive with an explosive according to the invention with a guide and a friction body, with the walls shown in dashed lines to show that the device is hollow, and also a cross-sectional view of the device;

FIG. 2 shows a cavity with one end flange in the device of FIG. 1, the cavity containing the full explosive, the detonating agent and the detonating agent, indicated by dotted lines;

3 shows that the device of FIG. 2 is placed in a branch, the device comprises bags, three guides and friction engines and the detonator is partially located in the device, and also shows a cross-sectional view of the device;

4 shows the device of FIG. 3 placed in the loader, the device showing the way from the transport channel towards the stationary device,

FIG. 5 shows the loader of FIG. 4 showing that the device is held in a stationary device. FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a device A of a simple embodiment of the invention, in which it comprises a cartridge or plug 1 and a friction engine 2. The friction engine 2 may be an integral part of the device A. Alternatively, the friction engine can be releasably connected to the device A, so that it can be modified to have loading hoses with different diameters as necessary. The device A may be provided with several friction mechanisms 2. A-A shows a cross section of the cartridge 1. The device A may preferably be made of plastic, cardboard or other suitable material and is shown with an open end and in this case a pointed closed end. The closed end may be rounded, flat or in other shapes, but it is advantageous if it has a shape that is easy to insert into the loading hose 21. The open end may be sealed with a plug or something suitable for the insertion opening of the detonating agent 7. Insertion at the end of the loading hose 21 may be performed manually or automatically, which will be described later. Before being inserted into the loading hose 21, the device A is filled with full explosives 3, and the detonating medicines 7 are inserted into the full explosives 3. The device A may be prefilled / generated with a full explosive 3, or the full explosive may later be filled, for example just before it is used. The detonating agent 7 is not usually inserted into the full detonating agent 3 before it is used for safety reasons. Explosives (7) and Explosives (3) are well known components of this system. The friction or fixture 2 will ensure that the cartridge 1 does not fall out of the loading hose 21 before the mass explosive is out of the loading hose 21 and presses the device A. The friction engine 2 has been shown to be formed as one thin fin fin 2, although other shapes and numbers may be used. 3 shows three fins. The friction engines 2 are elastic so that when the device A is inserted into the loading hose they are biased towards the walls of the loading hose 21. The friction engines 2 can be elastic by forming them in a V-shape (not shown) so that the device A can be held in a number of dimensions in place in the charging hoses 20. It may be a dimension to make. The friction engines 2 may be formed to include a guide function. This will be particularly important during automatic or semi-automatic loading with the loading hose 21.

2 corresponds to FIG. 1 but shows some additional details. The cartridge or plug 1 is equipped with a solid end flange 4. This will come in contact with the edge or outlet of one end of the loading hose 21 and prevent the device A from moving too much into the loading hose 21, while at the same time the cartridge 1 and the loading hose 21 are boreholes. It will protect the cartridge 1 and the charging hose 21 when inserted into it. Since the flange 4 stops the apparatus A with respect to the stopper 19, the flange 4 functions even during automatic loading. In addition, the flange 4 may be useful in connection with holding the device while filling the cartridge 1 with the full explosive 3. This figure also shows the full explosive (3), the explosive (7) and the protective cavity (5) in dashed lines in the device (A). The cavity 5 is provided to protect the detonator 7 during insertion into the borehole. By having a “bit too long” dimension so that the required amount of full explosive does not completely fill the cartridge 1, the cavity of the simplest shape can be provided.

3 shows the device A of FIGS. 1 and 2 located in the branch tube 9. However, the device A is further provided with bags 8 around the outer circumference of the cartridge 1. The purpose of the encapsulation 8 is to seal the cavity between the cartridge 1 and the branch pipe 9 or the transport channel 14 so that the device A is transported by pressurized air in a "pneumatic dispatch". It can be. This is especially useful during automatic loading. The bags 8 also have the additional function of stealing / taking away the explosives expelled from the loading hose 21 in the loader.

4 shows a known loader in the case where device A as shown in FIG. 3 goes towards the stationary device 19 according to an additional feature of the invention. The loader includes an guiding tube 15 and deviatoric tubes 16, 17, 18. Deviating bodies 16, 17, 18 each have two substantially straight portions, inlet portion 16 and outlet portion 18, connected to deviating portion 17 and the two portions 16, 18 are Angled to each other. The guide tube 15 is connected to the deviating portion 17 to form an extension of the straight outlet portion 18. The opening 20 is located between the guiding tube 15 and the deviating portion 17 so that the charging hose is led through the guiding tube 15 and through the deviating portion 17 and the straight outlet portion 18 of the branch pipe. To be guided.

The stopper 19 comprises a locking pin 12 which allows the device A to be held and stopped, which holds the device A until the loading hose is guided out of the device A. The stopper 19 has a wheel 13 which is displaced by the loading hose 21 so that the locking pin 12 releases the device A and the "ready and charged" hose exits the branch pipe. It is shown purely mechanical in that it can be led out of the part 18. However, the stopper 19 can be controlled in other ways until the charging hose 21 is guided beyond the device A as long as it stops the device A. A counter (not shown) for the loading hose 21 is used to indicate when the loading hose is positioned beyond the device A and when the loading hose 21 is in a position to accept the transport of the device A. Will be used. This position is in the region 10 of the guide tube 15 in front of the change to the branch tubes 17, 18. The locking pin 12 can alternatively be controlled electrically, pneumatically, hydraulically, or a combination thereof. Photocells or other means may be used to detect and control this process. The guide tube 15 preferably has a moderately small gap compared to the charging hose 21 to prevent a lot of pressurized air from leaking when the device A is transported to the stopper 19 by pressurized air. Encapsulations may be provided if necessary. However, device A may be transported in other ways, making this insignificant. Stemming or driven rolls are examples of such methods. Reference numeral 14 denotes a delivery channel to the branch pipes 16, 17 and 18 of the device A. This allows the loading hose to be loaded at considerable distances (tens of meters), which is an important advantage with regard to safety.

FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 4 except that this figure shows the device A in a position positioned towards the stopper 19 before transport of the loading hose 21.

An example of the method according to the invention for loading the boreholes with the loader shown in FIG. 5 comprises positioning the loading hose 21 in the region 10 of the guide tube 15, transporting the device A. FIG. Or inserting at the end (not shown) of the delivery channel, applying pressurized air into the transport channel 14 to push the device A out of the end of the transport channel 14 (not shown). Allowing the stopper 19 to be fully pushed into the outlet end 18 of the branch pipe to stop, conveying the loading hose 21 until the hose reaches the flange 4 Passing through the vehicle, releasing the stopper 19, opening a hole, such as tunnels or rock cavities (not shown), to explode the loading hose 21 by means of a supply unit (not shown) or otherwise. Step into a borehole to blow up, pump (not shown) or otherwise load pressure Was added in lumps wide of bus 21, it will be while loading hose (21) apparatus (A) comes out to fill the borehole pushed into the borehole to the lump explosive predetermined amount of the loading hose comprising becomes subtracting from boreholes. The bulk explosive replaces any water or other liquid in the borehole. The loading hose 21 then retracts completely to the area 10 of the guide tube 15, and the device A immediately "loads" the loading hose 21 with a new device for filling a new borehole.

The illustrated examples are intended only to illustrate embodiments of the invention and the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (12)

In the device (A), which receives the full explosive (3) together with the explosive (7) and is supplied into the borehole by a loading hose (21) for filling the explosive into the borehole, A cartridge type plug (1) pushed into the outlet of the charge hose (21) and held releasably in the charge hose (21) and released from the charge hose when explosives are ejected out of the charge hose (21); And a cartridge-type plug (1) comprising an outer flange (4). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (A) comprises one or several guide and frictional engines (2) which are placed on the outer diameter of the cartridge type plug (1) of the device (A). Together to provide full explosives to the borehole. delete delete A detonating agent (7) according to claim 1, wherein a cavity (5) formed by said cartridge type plug (1) longer than the length required to fill a predetermined amount of full exploding agent is inserted into said cartridge type plug (1). Apparatus for providing a full explosive to the borehole along with the explosive, characterized in that for protecting the. In the device A according to claim 1 and in the loader for loading the bulk explosives into the holes, A supply unit for supplying the charging hose 21; A guide tube (15) for guiding the loading hose (21); A transport channel (14) for inserting the device (A); And substantially straight portions connected to the diverging portion 17 and inlet and outlet portions 16 and 18, wherein the two portions 16 and 18 are angled relative to each other with respect to the diverging portion 17. Branching pipes; It includes, but further comprises a stop device (19) for holding the device (A) in the outlet portion 18 of the branch pipe until the charging hose 21 comes out of the device (A) And the stopper (19) abuts against the flange (4) of the device (A) to support the device (A). 7. The loader according to claim 6, further comprising means for releasing said device (A) from said stationary device if said device (A) is positioned fully inserted from the outlet of said loading hose (21). A method for filling a lump explosive into a borehole by means of a loading hose and providing the explosive (3) together with the detonator (7) by a device for accommodating the full explosive with the detonator. The full explosive (3) and the depletion (7) are inserted into the cartridge type plug (1), the plug (1) being inserted into the outlet of the loading hose (21) and while the loading hose (21) is inserted into the borehole. Securely releasable in the loading hose, supplying the loading hose 21 to the position where the lump explosive in the borehole should be located, pumping the lump explosive to push the plug out of the loading hose, and the plug (1). ) Is released from the loading hose (21) by the lump explosive when the lump explosive comes out of the loading hose, a method for providing the borehole with the explosive charge. 9. The pump according to claim 8, comprising a branch pipe having a supply portion, an inlet portion and an outlet portion (16, 18) connected to the deviation portion (17), a transport channel (14), a guide tube (15) and a loading hose (21). The supply unit is provided with a loading unit for transporting the loading hose 21 into the outlet portion 18 of the branch pipe through the guide tube 15, Inserting the loading hose 21 into the guide tube 15 by the supply unit so that one end of the loading hose 21 is inserted into the guide tube 15, and the device A is transferred to the transport channel 14. Into the branch pipe (16, 17, 18) through the transport channel (14) until it reaches the stopper (19) located at the outlet portion (18) of the branch pipe. Carrying A), feeding the loading hose 21 so that the loading hose 21 reaches the outside of the device A, and together with the device A, the loading hose 21 is And releasing said stop device (19) to come out of the outlet portion (18) of the branch pipe. delete delete The method of claim 1, characterized in that the seal (8) is further included around the outer circumference of the cartridge-shaped plug (1) of the device (A), providing the full explosives to the borehole with the explosives Device for.

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