KR100733942B1 - Apparatus for incinerating waste matters and sludges and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for incinerating waste matters and sludge and a method thereof are provided to incinerate sewage sludge so that it is not necessary to use a sludge exclusive incinerating furnace. An incinerating apparatus(100) is structured so that waste material and sludge are mixed in an incinerating furnace to be incinerated. The incinerating apparatus includes an incinerating furnace(110) having the waste material and the sludge incinerated in reaction to the incinerating air. The incinerating furnace includes a waste inlet(112) and a sludge inlet(113). The waste material and the sludge received in an incinerating chamber(111) of the incinerating furnace react with the incinerating air received through a heat exchanger(120) to be incinerated. The waste material is received from a waste supply source(141) to the incinerating furnace. The waste material supplying source includes a waste storage unit and a waste transfer unit for transferring the stored waste material to the waste material inlet. The waste material incinerated in the incinerating furnace is city waste.

Description

Incinerator and method of incineration of waste and sludge {APPARATUS FOR INCINERATING WASTE MATTERS AND SLUDGES AND METHOD THEREOF}

1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of an incineration apparatus according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing sludge dispersing means.

3 is a graph showing the temperature of the combustion gas according to the mixing ratio.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: incinerator 110: incinerator

120: heat exchanger 130: oxygen supply

144: sludge dispersing means

The present invention relates to an incineration apparatus and an incineration method that can incinerate waste and sludge together, and more particularly, an incineration apparatus and incineration which can incinerate sludge having a high moisture content by mixing with municipal waste without a separate drying treatment. It is about a method.

Generally, sewage sludge or various organic sediments or sediments generated after sewage treatment have been treated by landfill or ocean dumping, but landfill and ocean dumping are prohibited according to the regulations of relevant laws and regulations, such as incineration, melting, coagulation and composting. Through sludge treatment method has been developed and put to practical use. Among these methods, incineration technology is recognized as the most suitable sludge treatment method that replaces sludge offshore dumping.

As a method of treating sludge through incineration, a sludge incinerator such as a fluidized bed incinerator or a rotary kiln incinerator is used. This method has the disadvantage of excessive fuel consumption and high operating costs of the incinerator. As an alternative to this method, a mixed incineration of waste and sludge is used in an incinerator for incineration of general waste such as industrial waste or municipal waste.

In general, sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants has a water content of 75% to 80%. Although it is difficult to incinerate such sewage sludge as it is mixed with general waste, it is known that incineration is possible when the water content of the sludge is about 40% (hereinafter, in the present application, sludge that is difficult to incinerate as it has a high water content is “raw sludge (raw-slugde) ”. Therefore, after the fresh sludge is dried so that the water content is 40% by using a separate dryer, incineration is performed.

As an example of incineration mixed with general waste after drying the raw sludge, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0292122 discloses "fresh sludge incinerator and incineration method in urban waste incinerator". According to the said patent document, after drying raw sludge in a sludge dryer using the steam which generate | occur | produces in the waste heat boiler of an incinerator as a heat source, the dried sludge is thrown in an incinerator, and the municipal waste and the dried sludge are incinerated.

However, in the case of the composition in which the raw sludge is previously dried and introduced into the incinerator through a separate sludge drying apparatus, such as the incineration apparatus disclosed in the patent document, the entire incineration facility becomes complicated, the mixing ratio is low, and the sludge drying There is a problem that an additional cost for the maintenance of the device is incurred.

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an incineration apparatus and an incineration method capable of incineration of raw sludge having high moisture content by mixing with waste without a separate drying treatment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an incineration apparatus and an incineration method for realizing complete combustion by increasing the oxygen concentration of combustion air introduced into the incinerator so as to increase the combustion efficiency of waste and sludge in the incinerator.

In order to achieve the above object and other objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, the incinerator for mixing the municipal waste and sewage sludge at the same time, the combustion for the combustion gas installed on the combustion gas discharge side of the incinerator and introduced into the incinerator It is configured to pass air, and heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between the combustion gas and combustion air generated in the incinerator, and supplying oxygen to the combustion air entering the heat exchanger to reduce the oxygen concentration of the combustion air 22% to 24% An incinerator for waste and sludge is provided comprising an oxygen supply for raising the furnace. The oxygen supply is configured to inject pure oxygen into the combustion air from the oxygen cylinder.

In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the incinerator for mixing at the same time by mixing municipal waste and sewage sludge, and the combustion air installed on the combustion gas discharge side of the incinerator is introduced to pass through the incinerator, generated in the incinerator An incineration apparatus for waste and sludge is provided, comprising a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between combustion gas and combustion air, wherein the combustion air entering the heat exchanger is oxygen enriched air having an oxygen concentration of 22% to 24%. .

The waste and sludge incineration apparatus further includes sludge dispersing means for uniformly distributing sewage sludge on municipal waste.

Here, the sludge dispersing means has a sheave that oscillates or vibrates.

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According to another aspect of the present invention, in the method of incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge together in an incinerator, (a) injecting municipal waste and sewage sludge into the incinerator, (b) combustion air introduced into the incinerator Injecting pure oxygen into the combustion air from the oxygen cylinder so that the oxygen concentration is 22% to 24%, and (c) heating the combustion air injected with pure oxygen through heat exchange with the combustion gas generated in the incinerator. Providing a method of incineration of waste and sludge comprising the steps of: (d) supplying heated combustion air into the incinerator, and (e) incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge through reaction with the combustion air. do.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the method of incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge together in an incinerator, (a) introducing the municipal waste and sewage sludge into the incinerator, (b) the oxygen concentration into the incinerator 22% Introducing oxygen enriched air which is from about 24%, (c) heating the oxygen enriched air through heat exchange with the combustion gas generated in the incinerator, (d) supplying the heated oxygen enriched air into the incinerator, and (e) A method of incineration of waste and sludge is provided, comprising the step of incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge through reaction with oxygen-enriched air.

In the incineration method, it is preferable that the step of uniformly dispersing the sludge before the step (a).

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the incineration apparatus and incineration method of waste and sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of an incinerator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Incineration apparatus 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is configured to mix incineration waste and sludge in the incinerator. The incinerator 100 includes an incinerator 110 in which waste and sludge are incinerated by reacting with combustion air. Incinerator 110 may be provided with a waste inlet 112 and a sludge inlet 113, the waste and sludge that is introduced or introduced into the combustion chamber 111 of the incinerator 110 through these inlet heat exchanger 120 to be described later It is incinerated by reaction with combustion air introduced through As the incinerator 110, for example, a rotary kiln type incinerator or a stocker type incinerator may be employed.

Waste may be introduced or introduced into the incinerator 110 from a waste source 141. The waste supply source 141 may include a waste storage unit and a waste transfer unit for transferring the stored waste to the waste inlet 112. In this embodiment, the waste that can be incinerated in the incinerator 110 is municipal waste with low calorific value.

The raw sludge which is incinerated in the incinerator 110 together with the waste is introduced or introduced into the incinerator 110 through the sludge supply device 143. In this embodiment, the raw sludge stored in the sludge supply apparatus 143 is applied to sewage sludge. For example, when the sludge generating source 142 is a sewage treatment plant, the fresh sludge generated at the sewage treatment plant is dewatered by a dehydrator of the sewage treatment plant so that the water content is about 75% to 80%, and is transported to the sludge supply device 143. do.

The sludge feeder 143 may be composed of a sludge hopper and a sludge feed conveyor, and the raw sludge transported from the sludge source 142 is stored in the sludge hopper and then to the sludge inlet 113 by the sludge feed conveyor. Can be transported.

Although the high water content of the raw sludge was generally incinerated after the drying treatment, the incineration apparatus 100 according to the present invention is configured to be incinerated with the municipal waste in the incinerator 110 without separately drying the raw sludge. .

Mixed incineration of municipal waste and fresh sludge can be achieved by mixing the mixed urban waste and fresh sludge with combustion air having a high oxygen concentration and high temperature. That is, the raw water sludge produced by various treatment plants is reacted with combustion air having a high oxygen concentration and high temperature in a state in which mixed raw sludge is mixed with waste, such as urban waste, so that the raw sludge is incinerated together with the urban waste without additional drying treatment. You can.

As a heat source for heating the combustion air introduced into the incinerator 110, the incineration apparatus 100 of the present invention uses the heat of the high temperature combustion gas generated from the incinerator 110. In the case of waste incinerators, the temperature of the flue-gases produced is kept above 850 ° C due to environmental regulations. The combustion air is heated by heat exchange between the high temperature combustion gas and the combustion air introduced into the incinerator 110, and the heating is performed through a heat exchanger 120 installed at one side of the incinerator 110.

The heat exchanger 120 is installed to allow combustion gas generated in the incinerator 110 to pass through the combustion gas outlet side of the incinerator 110, and is configured to allow the combustion air introduced into the incinerator 110 to pass therethrough. Here, the combustion air is introduced into the incinerator 110 through the heat exchanger 120 from the air source 160 that is the outside air, and the combustion gas generated in the incinerator 110 passes through the heat exchanger 120 to discharge the combustion gas. Flows into the facility (150).

The heat exchanger 120 heats the combustion air by performing heat exchange between the high temperature combustion gas generated in the incinerator 110 and the combustion air introduced into the incinerator 110. The high temperature combustion air heated in the heat exchanger 120 is introduced into the incinerator 110 and dried to allow fresh sludge to be incinerated. The final temperature of the combustion air heated by the heat exchange may be determined to optimally dry the raw sludge according to the design specifications of the incinerator, the moisture content of the fresh sludge, the mixing ratio of the waste and the sludge, and the like. The capacity of the heat exchanger can also be set in accordance with the final heating temperature of the defined combustion air.

As an example of the heat exchanger 120, a shell and tube type heat exchanger may be employed in the incineration apparatus 100. In this case, the high temperature combustion gas flows into the shell side and the relatively low temperature combustion air flows into the tube side to perform heat exchange.

On the other hand, when the waste is municipal waste, when the raw water is mixed with high water content, the total amount of heat generated in the municipal waste and fresh sludge in the incinerator 110 is lowered. This is because fresh sludge having almost zero calorific value is mixed with municipal waste which is a raw material when incinerated. In this state, when incineration is performed, the combustion gas temperature after incineration cannot be maintained above 850 ° C., so that environmental regulations cannot be met, and complete burning of municipal waste and fresh sludge may not be performed. Accordingly, the incineration apparatus 100 includes an oxygen supplier 130 for increasing the oxygen concentration in the combustion air introduced into the incinerator 110 so as to compensate for the lower calorific value and complete combustion.

The oxygen supplier 130 functions to increase the oxygen concentration in the combustion air, and as shown in FIG. 1, oxygen of the combustion air from the air source 160 before the combustion air flows into the heat exchanger 120. It will increase the concentration. In order to increase the oxygen concentration of the combustion air, the oxygen supplier 130 to increase the oxygen concentration in the combustion air by injecting pure oxygen under high pressure into the combustion air flowing from the air source 160 to the heat exchanger 120. Can be configured.

In addition, instead of directly injecting pure oxygen into the combustion air to supply mixed oxygen enriched air, oxygen enriched air having a high oxygen concentration due to deep cooling, adsorptive separation, or membrane separation may be used as the combustion air. It may also be introduced into the incinerator 110 via).

The increase in oxygen concentration of the combustion air can be determined in various ways depending on the mixing ratio and the water content of the sludge. However, from an economic point of view, the oxygen concentration is preferably appropriately increased to the extent necessary for mixed incineration of fresh sludge, for example, it is preferably increased to about 22% to 24%.

3 is a graph showing the temperature of the combustion gas according to the mixing ratio. The graph shown in FIG. 3 shows the oxygen concentration of the combustion air introduced into the primary combustion chamber by mixing urban waste and organic sludge in an incinerator having a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, and a liquid oxygen cylinder and a vaporizer. It was derived from an experiment conducted by introducing combustion air having a high oxygen concentration of 17.7% and recycling the combustion gas to the secondary combustion chamber to 22.1%. As can be seen in FIG. 3, for example, when the oxygen concentration of the combustion air is about 22% in a mixing ratio of 15% to 30%, the temperature of the combustion gas is an incinerator proper operating condition (for example, primary Combustion chamber temperature> 1000 ° C, secondary combustion chamber temperature> 850 ° C), it was found that the municipal waste and sewage sludge is optimally burned.

As such, combustion air or oxygen enriched air having a high oxygen concentration is introduced into the incinerator 110 to incinerate mixed waste of municipal waste and fresh sludge, thereby increasing combustion efficiency.

In addition, the raw sludge placed on the waste and introduced into the combustion chamber 111 of the incinerator 110 may be uniformly dispersed without being concentrated on a part of the waste phase. That is, if fresh sludge is uniformly dispersed on the waste and incinerated with the waste, the flame generated upon incineration will be stabilized, and the fresh sludge which is not incinerated will be reduced, so that complete combustion of the waste and sludge can be achieved.

To this end, the incineration apparatus 100 further includes sludge dispersing means 144 for uniformly dispersing the fresh sludge on the waste. The sludge dispersing means 144 is disposed near the sludge inlet 113 so that the fresh sludge from the sludge supply device 143 passes through the sludge distributing means 144 and then is placed on the waste.

2 shows an example of the sludge dispersing means 144. The sludge dispersing means 144 in this embodiment includes a sieve 144a in which a plurality of holes are formed, through which fresh sludge can pass, and a sieve driver 144b for oscillating or vibrating the sieve. Equipped. While the raw sludge passes through the sheave 144a which is rocked or vibrated by the sieve driver 144b, the fresh sludge may be uniformly dispersed on the waste introduced into the combustion chamber 111.

On the other hand, the case of incineration of sewage sludge generated in the sewage treatment plant as an example of municipal waste and fresh sludge as an example of waste was described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, industrial waste may be applied as waste, and various sludges which are dewatered to some extent from paper sludge, organic sludge, or various sediments / sediments including organic components may be applied as examples of fresh sludge.

According to the incineration apparatus of the present invention as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

First, since incinerators for industrial waste or municipal waste are incinerated with high water content, such as sewage sludge, there is no need to use sludge incinerators.

Second, since the sludge with high moisture content does not need to be dried separately, it is directly injected into the incinerator to be mixed with urban waste and incinerated, thus eliminating the need for a sludge drying device of the conventional sludge mixed incinerator, and thus incinerator installation cost and maintenance The cost can be reduced.

Third, in order to obtain high-temperature combustion air for incineration of mixed fresh sludge and urban waste, the combustion gas generated in the incinerator is heated and the combustion air is heated through a heat exchanger. Can be obtained.

Fourth, since the combustion gas passing through the heat exchanger is cooled through heat exchange, the waste heat boiler for lowering the temperature of the combustion gas employed in the incinerator of the prior art can be omitted. Thus, an incinerator having a simpler structure can be obtained.

Fifth, in order to compensate for the lower calorific value of the mixed fresh sludge and municipal waste, the oxygen concentration in the combustion air is increased, so that the complete combustion of the fresh sludge and municipal waste can be achieved.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

Incinerator for incineration at the same time by mixing urban waste and sewage sludge, A heat exchanger installed at the combustion gas discharge side of the incinerator and configured to pass through the combustion air introduced into the incinerator, and performing heat exchange between the combustion gas generated in the incinerator and the combustion air; and Oxygen supply for supplying oxygen to the combustion air entering the heat exchanger to increase the oxygen concentration of the combustion air to 22% to 24% Incinerator for waste and sludge, comprising a. The method of claim 1, And the oxygen supplier is configured to inject pure oxygen into the combustion air from an oxygen cylinder. Incinerator to mix urban waste and sewage sludge at the same time Installed in the combustion gas discharge side of the incinerator and configured to pass through the combustion air introduced into the incinerator, and includes a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between the combustion gas generated in the incinerator and the combustion air, Combustion air entering the heat exchanger is characterized in that the oxygen enriched air having an oxygen concentration of 22% to 24% Incinerator for waste and sludge. delete The method according to claim 1 or 3, Waste and sludge incineration apparatus further comprises sludge dispersing means for uniformly dispersing the sewage sludge on the municipal waste. The method of claim 5, The sludge dispersing means is a waste and sludge incineration apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a sieve that oscillates or vibrates. delete In the method of incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge in the incinerator, (a) injecting the municipal waste and sewage sludge into the incinerator, (b) injecting pure oxygen into the combustion air from the oxygen cylinder so that the oxygen concentration of the combustion air introduced into the incinerator is 22% to 24%; (c) heating the combustion air injected with the pure oxygen through heat exchange with the combustion gas generated in the incinerator, (d) supplying the heated combustion air into the incinerator, and (e) incineration of the municipal waste and sewage sludge through reaction with the combustion air; Waste and sludge incineration method comprising a. In the method of incineration of municipal waste and sewage sludge in the incinerator, (a) injecting the municipal waste and sewage sludge into the incinerator, (b) introducing oxygen enriched air having an oxygen concentration of 22% to 24% into the incinerator; (c) heating the oxygen enriched air through heat exchange with the combustion gas generated in the incinerator, (d) supplying the heated oxygen enriched air into the incinerator, and (e) incineration of the municipal waste and sewage sludge through reaction with the oxygen-enriched air Waste and sludge incineration method comprising a. The method according to claim 8 or 9, The method of incineration of waste and sludge further comprises the step of uniformly dispersing the sewage sludge before the step (a).

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