KR100737356B1 - Heat pump for a water-cooled engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-cooled engine heat pump capable of quickly performing low temperature heating. The water-cooled engine heat pump includes an engine (3), a coolant circuit (1), a compressor (3), a coolant circuit (4), a waste heat recoverer (64) for transferring heat from the coolant to the coolant, and a low temperature at which the coolant temperature is lower than a predetermined value. A water-cooled engine heat pump including a stop means (61) for stopping the supply of coolant to the waste heat recoverer (64) in an operating state, wherein the coolant circuit (1) bypasses the stop means (61) to the waste heat recoverer (62). It is characterized by including a bypass circuit 15 for sending and receiving cooling water. Since the bypass circuit 51 is provided, even when the coolant temperature is low, the heat of the coolant is transferred to the coolant, the coolant low pressure is hardly lowered, so that the coolant low pressure avoidance does not occur, and the engine speed can be increased, and the fuel Consumption increases and the amount of heat transferred from the cooling water to the refrigerant increases, thereby increasing the heating capacity. This effectively makes the heating run at low temperature.

Water Cooled Engine, Heat Pump, Coolant Circuit, Compressor, Bypass Circuit, Engine Speed

Description

HEAT PUMP FOR A WATER-COOLED ENGINES}

1 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a view showing a cooling water circuit according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a basic configuration of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the engine speed after starting the engine of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the embodiment of the present invention and the water-cooled engine heat pump of the comparative example.

Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the coolant water temperature after starting the engine of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the embodiment of the present invention and the water-cooled engine heat pump of the comparative example.

12 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the refrigerant low pressure after starting the engine of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the embodiment of the present invention and the water-cooled engine heat pump of the comparative example.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawings *

1: cooling water circuit 2: gas engine

3: compressor 4: refrigerant circuit

11: Supply passage 12: Recovery passage

13: Waste heat recovery passage 14: Radiator passage

15: Bypass passage (bypass circuit) 16: Channel resistance

25: cooling water discharge port 26: cooling water intake

110: second supply passage 120: second recovery passage

150: second bypass passage (bypass circuit)

61: low temperature valve 610: inlet

611: low temperature sphere 612, 622: high temperature sphere

612: outlet 62: high temperature valve

620: inlet 621, 623: outlet

63: radiator 64: waste heat recovery

65: water pump 73: indoor unit heat exchanger

74: indoor unit expansion valve 75: outdoor unit expansion valve

76: outdoor unit heat exchanger 77: accumulator

79: sub-liquid valve

The present invention relates to a water-cooled engine heat pump used as an outdoor unit such as an air conditioner.

The water-cooled engine heat pump driving the compressor by the water-cooled engine has the advantage of heating the refrigerant by using heat generated by the engine during the heating operation. However, when too much heat is supplied from the cooling water to the refrigerant, the cooling water may be too low, and the engine may be in a supercooled state. As a result, the durability of the engine decreases, the combustion state becomes unstable, and problems such as increased loss of horsepower occur. Japanese Patent No. 2519409 (Patent Document) proposes a solution to this problem.

These patent documents propose that a thermostat for stopping heat exchange in the waste heat recovery machine is provided in a low temperature operation state in which the engine coolant temperature is lower than a predetermined value.

In such a conventional waste heat recovery apparatus, when the engine coolant temperature is lower than a predetermined value, the waste heat of the engine is not used. For this reason, the cooling water temperature does not reach a predetermined value from the start of the engine for a while, and since the heat of the cooling water is not used, it takes a long time to start operation in low temperature cooling.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a water-cooled engine heat pump that can use heat of the coolant from the start of the engine in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and to quickly start the operation in low temperature cooling.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present invention, a water-cooled engine, a refrigerant compression compressor driven by the engine, a refrigerant heat exchanger, and waste heat recovery for transferring the heat of the engine to the refrigerant And a waste water recovery device, connected to the cooling water circuit and the refrigerant circuit, to coolant circuits for cooling the engine, a refrigerant circuit for circulating the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, and to transfer heat of the cooling water to the refrigerant. A water cooling engine heat pump including a waste heat recovery device and a stop means for stopping the water supply to the waste heat recovery device in a low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the cooling water circuit is lower than a predetermined value, wherein the cooling water circuit includes the stop means. Bypass includes a bypass circuit for passing the coolant to the waste heat recovery device .

In the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present invention, since a bypass circuit is provided, heat of the cooling water is transferred to the refrigerant even when the cooling water temperature is low when the engine is started and the heating is performed. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant low pressure (the refrigerant pressure on the compressor suction side) from dropping. If the refrigerant low pressure is too low, the compressor is rotated at high rotation, the system stops at a low pressure or higher. In order to avoid this, the compressor needs to be rotated at a low rotation speed, so that the engine rotates at the minimum rotation speed. The operation when the refrigerant low pressure is too low is referred to as refrigerant low pressure avoidance. When the refrigerant is under low pressure avoidance, the engine is rotated at the lowest rotational speed, so that the increase in the cooling water temperature is slowed down. In the present invention, since the low refrigerant pressure can be prevented from being lowered as described above, the engine speed can be increased. As the engine speed increases, fuel consumption increases, and the coolant temperature rises rapidly. When the temperature of the cooling water rises, the amount of heat transferred from the cooling water to the refrigerant increases, and the heating capacity increases. This improves the performance at low temperatures of heating.

The cooling engine bottom pump of the present invention includes a water-cooled engine, a refrigerant compression compressor driven by the engine, a refrigerant heat exchanger, and a waste heat recovery device for transferring heat of the engine to the refrigerant.

The water-cooled engine is a water-cooled internal combustion engine, specifically, a water-cooled diesel engine, a water-cooled gasoline engine, a water-cooled gas engine, and the like. This internal combustion engine is controlled so that the rotational speed is suppressed low when the gas pressure of the refrigerant is below a predetermined value. The water-cooled engine may consist of not only cooling the cylinder block of the engine but also cooling the exhaust gas heat exchanger and / or the manifold chiller which receives heat of the exhaust gas as the cooling water.

The refrigerant compression compressor corresponds to the heart of the heat pump, and by adiabatic compression of the refrigerant, the gas pressure of the refrigerant is increased and the temperature of the refrigerant is increased. At the time of heating, it heat-insinks with the water etc. which heat the air in the air chamber, the air of the air chamber, etc. which heat | fever the heat of the refrigerant | coolant which became high temperature by heat insulation compression by a compressor, and is heated.

The waste heat recovery machine transfers the heat of the cooling water of the water-cooled internal combustion engine to the refrigerant. The heat of the cooling water is transferred to the refrigerant by the waste heat recovery device, and the temperature of the cooling water is lowered. On the contrary, the temperature of the heated refrigerant increases.

On the other hand, the heat exchanger for a refrigerant may be made to be used as an indoor heat exchanger used for heating or heating and cooling of a specific insolvent.

In addition to the refrigerant heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between an external heat source and the refrigerant may be provided.

The waste heat recovery apparatus of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present invention is a coolant circuit for cooling the engine, a coolant circuit for circulating the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, the waste heat recovery device connected to the coolant circuit and the coolant circuit, and a coolant circuit. And stop means for stopping the water supply to the waste heat recovery unit in a low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than a predetermined value. The cooling water circuit further includes a bypass circuit that bypasses the stop means and delivers the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device.

The stop means is similar to that installed in a conventional water cooling engine heat pump, and when the temperature of the cooling water is low, the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine is stopped. As a result, the heat transferred from the cooling water to the refrigerant disappears, and the function of the waste heat recovery machine is stopped. In other words, the stop means stops the function of the waste heat recovery machine, and implements a function having the temperature of the cooling water warmed by driving the engine.

As the stop means, an open / close valve such as a thermostat valve for closing the cooling passage flowing to the waste heat recovery device when the temperature of the cooling water is a predetermined low temperature, and an solenoid valve having a cooling water sensor can be used.

The waste heat recovery apparatus of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present invention includes a bypass circuit for bypassing the stop means. For this reason, the cooling water of the engine always flows to the waste heat recovery system by the bypass circuit. When the temperature of the cooling water is higher than or equal to the predetermined value, the stop means is released, and a large amount of cooling water flows into the waste heat recovery apparatus. Naturally, the coolant flows from the bypass circuit to the waste heat recovery apparatus.

In addition, it is preferable that the bypass circuit bypasses a part of the cooling water. For this reason, it is desirable to have channel resistance which regulates the quantity of water so that a large amount of cooling water is not bypassed. As a result, the cooling water of the engine becomes too low, and the engine can be reliably prevented from being in a supercooled state. In this case, it is preferable to set the channel resistance so that the flow rate flowing in the bypass circuit is 2 to 50% of the total flow rate in the low temperature operation state where the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value, more preferably 5 to 30%, Most preferably, it is 5 to 15%.

The stop means according to the present invention is a low temperature valve that opens and closes the valve at a predetermined low temperature, and the cooling water circuit according to the present invention opens and closes the radiator and the water flow of the coolant to the radiator at a predetermined high temperature higher than the predetermined low temperature. A high temperature valve can be provided.

When the cooling water is lower than the predetermined low temperature, the low temperature valve serving as the stop means of the present invention is closed, and the cooling water does not flow into the waste heat recovery device through the low temperature valve. However, a part of the coolant flows into the waste heat recovery through the bypass circuit. If the cooling water is lower than the predetermined temperature, the cooling water is naturally lower than the predetermined high temperature, and the cooling water does not flow into the radiator.

When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature, the cooling water flows from both the low temperature valve and the bypass circuit to the waste heat recovery device. Even in this case, the coolant does not flow into the radiator.

When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined high temperature, both the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve are opened. In this case, the coolant flows through the bypass circuit and the low temperature valve in the waste heat recovery machine, and the coolant flows through the high temperature valve in the radiator.

Each of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve according to the present invention does not mean a specific open / close valve, and the low temperature valve refers to a valve means having a function of opening and closing the cooling water flowing into the waste heat recovery device. Therefore, the low temperature valve may be configured as a single on-off valve, or may be composed of two or more on-off valves. Similarly, the high temperature valve refers to a valve means having a function of opening and closing the cooling water flowing into the radiator. The high temperature valve may also be composed of a single on / off valve, or may be composed of two or more on / off valves. In addition, the low temperature valve may be constituted by a switching valve for switching the passage through which the coolant flows. For example, one intake port for sucking the coolant as a low temperature valve, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the intake port at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature that is greater than or equal to the first temperature. An example is the one having a high temperature port for discharging the entire amount of cooling water. In addition, as a low temperature valve, one outlet for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the outlet at a temperature lower than the first temperature, the cooling water discharged from the outlet at a temperature above the second temperature of the first temperature or more. For example, it is provided with the high temperature sphere which inhales whole quantity. Their first temperature and the second temperature may be the same temperature. In this case, the passage (low temperature side or high temperature side) through which the coolant flows is completely switched on the basis of the temperature. Meanwhile, the second temperature may be a temperature higher than the first temperature. In this case, the cooling water flows in the low temperature sphere and the high temperature sphere at the temperature between the first temperature and the second temperature. The high temperature valve may also be constituted by a switching valve for switching the passage through which the coolant flows. In the case of the high temperature valve, the third temperature corresponds to the first temperature of the low temperature valve and the third temperature corresponds to the second temperature of the low temperature valve. The third temperature and the fourth temperature are set higher than the temperature of any of the first temperature and the second temperature.

As the on-off valve, a conventionally known thermostat valve, a solenoid valve provided with a temperature sensor, or the like can be adopted.

Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

The specific cooling water circuit may be configured as shown in Figs.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes a suction port 610 for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a first higher temperature than the first temperature. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature of two or more temperatures; Inlet port 620 for sucking the coolant, Low temperature port 621 for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the suction port 620 at a temperature lower than the third temperature, and Inlet port 620 at a temperature higher than the fourth temperature higher than the third temperature It includes a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature port 622 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from). The third and fourth temperatures (predetermined high temperatures) are set higher than the first and second temperatures (predetermined low temperatures). In other words, the third temperature is set higher than the second temperature.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 1 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the inlet port 610 of the low temperature valve 61, and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61. And a recovery passage 12 connecting the cooling water inlet 26 of the engine 2 and a second supply passage connecting the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 and the inlet 620 of the high temperature valve 62. (110) passes through the waste heat recovery 62 and passes through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 connecting the low temperature port 621 and the recovery passage 12 of the high temperature valve 62 to the high temperature valve 62. A radiator passage 14 connecting the high temperature port 622 and the recovery passage 12 to the high temperature port 622, and a bypass passage 15 connecting the supply passage 11 and the supply port 641 of the waste heat recovery 64 to It is composed.

In the cooling water circuit, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the cooling water flows into the waste heat recovery device 64 through the bypass passage 15 regardless of whether the cooling water temperature is present. When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the cooling water temperature passes through the supply passage 11 and the second supply passage 110, and the waste heat recovery passage 13 ), The waste heat recovery unit 64 is supplied with the cooling water from both the passages of the bypass passage 15 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the entire amount of the cooling water sucked into the inlet 610 of the low temperature valve 61 is discharged from the low temperature port 611, and the cooling water is bypassed. Only the pass circuit (15) passes through the waste heat recovery (64). That is, when there is no bypass passage 15, the water supply (supply) of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 is a stop means for stopping the transmission of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 2 includes a suction port 610 for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a first higher temperature than the first temperature. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature of two or more temperatures; Outlet port 623 for discharging the coolant, Low temperature port 621 for sucking the entire amount of the coolant discharged from the outlet 623 at a temperature lower than the third temperature through a predetermined path, The fourth temperature or more of the third temperature or more It includes a high temperature valve having a high temperature port 622 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the outlet 623 at a temperature through a predetermined path. Here, the third and fourth temperatures (predetermined high temperatures) are set higher than the first and second temperatures (predetermined low temperatures). In other words, the third temperature is set higher than the second temperature.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 2 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the inlet port 610 of the low temperature valve 61, and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61. And the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 and the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 through the recovery passage 12 connecting the cooling water inlet 26 of the engine 2 and the waste heat recovery 64. Radiator passage 14 for connecting the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 and the high temperature port 622 of the high temperature valve 62 through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 connecting the The second passage passage 120 connecting the outlet 623 and the recovery passage 12 of the high temperature valve 62, the bypass passage connecting the inlet 641 of the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery 64 ( 15) and a second bypass passage 150 connecting any one of an outlet 642 of the waste heat recovery 64, a recovery passage 12, and a second recovery passage 120.

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 2 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIG. 1 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIG. That is, in the case where the water pump 65 of the engine 20 is operating, the coolant circuit is connected to the waste heat recovery device 62 through the second bypass passage (bypass circuit) 15 regardless of whether or not the coolant water temperature is present. When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the waste heat recovery device is supplied through the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. However, in the high temperature valve 62, the radiator passage 14 is closed and no cooling water flows to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the low temperature valve ( The total amount of the cooling water sucked into the inlet 610 of 61 is discharged from the low temperature port 611, and the cooling water flows only into the bypass passage 15 and flows into the waste heat recovery machine 64. That is, the bypass passage 15 ), The cooling water to the waste heat recovery (64) Number is stopped, so the low-temperature valve (61) is the temperature of the cooling water is the stopping means for stopping the water supply of the cooling water to the waste heat collector 64 at a low temperature operating state is lower than the predetermined value (the first temperature).

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 3 includes a suction port 610 for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a lower temperature than the first temperature, and a second temperature equal to or higher than the first temperature. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at the above temperature; Inlet port 620 for sucking the coolant, Low temperature port 621 for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the suction port 620 at a temperature lower than the third temperature, and the inlet port 620 at a temperature higher than the fourth temperature of more than the third temperature. And a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from.

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 3 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the inlet port 620 of the high temperature valve 62, the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62, and the low temperature. The second supply passage 110 connecting the inlet 610 of the valve 61, the recovery passage 12 connecting the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61 and the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2 The high temperature of the high temperature valve 62 is passed through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 which connect the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 and the recovery passage 12 through the waste heat recovery 64. Radiator passage 14 for connecting the sphere 622 and the recovery passage 12, and the bypass passage 15 for connecting the supply passage 641 of the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery device (64).

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 3 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the coolant circuit is connected to the waste heat recovery unit 64 through the bypass passage (bypass circuit) 15 regardless of whether or not the coolant water temperature is present. Flows into When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the waste heat recovery passage 13 is provided through the supply passage 11 and the second supply passage 110. The waste heat recoverer 64 is supplied with the cooling water from both passages of the bypass passage 15 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the entire amount of the cooling water sucked into the inlet 610 of the low temperature valve 61 is discharged from the low temperature port 611, and the cooling water is bypass path 15. Flows into the waste heat recovery (64) through the bay. That is, when there is no bypass passage 15, the water supply to the waste heat recovery 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 is a stop means for stopping the supply of the coolant to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the coolant temperature is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 4 includes a discharge port 613 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature lower than the first temperature through a predetermined path, and a predetermined value. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature equal to or higher than a second temperature equal to or higher than a first temperature; And a suction port 620 for sucking the coolant, a low temperature port 621 for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the suction port 620 at a temperature lower than the third temperature, and a suction port 620 at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. It includes a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature sphere 622 for discharging the entire amount of cooling water sucked from).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 4 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the inlet port 620 of the high temperature valve 62, and the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62. The second supply passage 110 connecting the low temperature valve 611 of the low temperature valve 61, the recovery passage 12 connecting the outlet 613 of the low temperature valve 61 and the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2 ), Through the waste heat recovery 64 to pass through the waste heat recovery passage 13, the radiator 63 connecting the second supply passage 110 and the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61, the high temperature valve 62 Radiator passage 14 connecting the high temperature port 622 and the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61, the bypass passage 15 for connecting the supply passage 11 and the second supply passage (110) And a second bypass passage 150 connecting the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the recovery passage 12 downstream of the waste heat recovery unit 64.

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 4 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 3 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. That is, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the coolant circuit is connected to the first bypass passage 15 and the second bypass passage (bypass circuit) (regardless of whether or not the coolant water temperature is present) ( 150 through the waste heat recovery (64). When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the cooling water temperature flows into the waste heat recovery unit 64 through the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. . However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is blocked, and the cooling water flowing into the waste heat recovery passage 13 is the second bypass passage 150 only. It is sent to the recovery passage 12 through. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 is a stop means for stopping the supply of the coolant to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the coolant temperature is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 5 includes a discharge port 613 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature lower than the first temperature through a predetermined path, and A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 through a predetermined path at a temperature equal to or higher than the second temperature equal to or more than one temperature; And a discharge port 623 for discharging the coolant, a temperature lower than the third temperature, a low temperature port 621 for sucking the entire amount of the coolant discharged from the discharge port 623 through a predetermined path, and a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. It includes a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature port 622 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 623 through a predetermined path.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 5 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61, and the discharge port 613 of the low temperature valve 61; Waste heat recovery passage connecting the supply passage 11 and the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 through the recovery passage 12 connecting the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2 and the waste heat recovery 64. (13), the radiator passage 14 connecting the supply passage 11 and the high temperature port 622 of the high temperature valve 62 through the radiator 63, the outlet 623 and the low temperature valve of the high temperature valve 62; The second recovery passage 120 connecting the high temperature port 612 of 61, the bypass passage 15 connecting the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the recovery passage 12 on the downstream side of the waste heat recovery machine 64. It consists of

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 5 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 4 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 4. That is, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is running, the coolant circuit is connected to the waste heat recovery unit 64 through the bypass passage (bypass circuit) 15 regardless of whether or not the coolant water temperature is present. Flow. When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the waste heat recovery device 64 is opened through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the second recovery passage 120. Flows in. However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is shut off, and the cooling water flowing into the waste heat recovery passage 13 is recovered only through the bypass passage 15. Water is sent to the passage 12. That is, when there is no bypass passage 15, the water supply to the waste heat recovery 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 serves as a stop means for stopping the transmission of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 6 includes a discharge port 613 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a first path. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature equal to or higher than the second temperature through a predetermined path; Inlet port 620 for sucking the coolant, Low temperature port 621 for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the suction port 620 at a temperature lower than the third temperature, and the inlet port 620 at a temperature higher than the fourth temperature of more than the third temperature It includes a high temperature valve having a high temperature port 622 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 6 includes the supply passage 11, the supply passage 11, and the high temperature valve 62 which connect the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61. Second supply passage 110 for connecting the inlet 620, recovery passage 12 for connecting the outlet 613 of the low temperature valve 61 and the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2, waste heat recovery 64 Passing through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 connecting the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 and the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61, the high temperature of the high temperature valve 62 The radiator passage 14 which connects the bulb 622 and the high temperature sphere 612 of the low temperature valve 61, the via which connects the waste heat recovery passage 13 upstream of the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery 64. The passage passage 15, the waste heat recovery passage 13 on the downstream side of the waste heat recovery machine 64, and the second bypass passage 150 connecting the recovery passage 12.

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 6 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 5 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery machine and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 5. That is, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the coolant circuit is connected to the first bypass passage 15 and the second bypass passage (bypass circuit) regardless of whether or not the temperature of the coolant is in the water temperature. Flow through the waste heat recovery (64) through (150). When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature and lower than the predetermined temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the waste heat recovery device 64 is disposed through the second supply passage 110 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. Flows into However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the predetermined value (first temperature), the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is blocked, and the cooling water flowing into the waste heat recovery passage 13 is only the second bypass passage 150. It is sent to the recovery passage 12 through. That is, when there is no second bypass passage 150, the water supply to the waste heat recovery 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 serves as a stop means for stopping the transmission of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 7 includes a discharge port 613 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature hole 611 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and the first path. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 613 at a temperature equal to or higher than the second temperature through a predetermined path; And a discharge port 623 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port 621 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 623 at a temperature lower than the second temperature through a predetermined path, and a temperature higher than or equal to the third temperature. It includes a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature port 622 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the furnace outlet 623 through a predetermined path.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 7 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61, and the discharge port 613 of the low temperature valve 61; The second recovery passage 120 connecting the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62, the recovery passage 12 connecting the outlet 623 of the high temperature valve 62 and the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2. ), Through the radiator 63, the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 connecting the supply passage 11 and the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61, and the supply passage 11 and the high temperature. The radiator passage 14 connecting the high temperature port 622 of the valve 62, and the bypass passage 15 connecting the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the recovery passage 12 downstream of the waste heat recovery 64. It consists of.

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 7 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 6 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery device and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 6. That is, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the coolant circuit is connected to the coolant via the supply passage 11 and the bypass passage 15 regardless of whether the coolant is at a water temperature. The waste heat recovery device 64 flows. When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the supply passage 11, the waste heat recovery passage 13, and the second recovery passage 120 may be used. The waste heat recovery device 64 flows. However, the radiator passage 14 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is blocked, and the cooling water flowing into the waste heat recovery passage 13 is recovered only through the bypass passage 15. Water is sent to the passage 12. That is, when there is no bypass passage 15, the water supply to the waste heat recovery 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 serves as a stop means for stopping the transmission of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 8 includes a suction port 610 for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a second temperature higher than or equal to the first temperature. A low temperature valve 61 having a high temperature port 612 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature higher than the temperature; And a discharge port 623 for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port 621 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port 623 at a temperature lower than the third temperature through a predetermined path, and a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. It includes a high temperature valve 62 having a high temperature port 622 for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the furnace outlet 623 through a predetermined path.

The cooling water circuit shown in FIG. 8 includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2 and the inlet port 610 of the low temperature valve 61, and the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61; Waste heat recovery passage connecting the supply passage 11 and the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 through the recovery passage 12 connecting the cooling water intake 26 of the engine 2 and the waste heat recovery 64. (13), the radiator passage 14 connecting the supply passage 11 and the high temperature port 622 of the high temperature valve 62 through the radiator 63, the outlet 623 and the recovery passage of the high temperature valve 62; A second recovery passage 120 connecting the 12, a first bypass passage 15 connecting the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery passage 13 upstream of the waste heat recovery unit 64, and a waste heat recovery unit; And a second bypass passage 150 for connecting the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the recovery passage 12 on the downstream side (64).

The cooling water circuit of FIG. 8 differs from the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 7 in the use mode of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve. However, the flow of the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery device and the radiator according to the temperature of the cooling water is the same as that of the cooling water circuit of FIGS. 1 to 7. That is, in the cooling water circuit, when the water pump 65 of the engine 2 is operating, the cooling water is supplied to the supply passage 11 and the first bypass passage (bypass circuit) 15 regardless of whether or not the temperature of the cooling water is present. Flows into the waste heat recovery (64). When the coolant temperature is higher than the predetermined low temperature and lower than the predetermined high temperature (higher than the second temperature and lower than the third temperature), the waste heat recovery device 64 flows through the supply passage 11 and the waste heat recovery passage 13. However, the radiator passage 12 is closed in the high temperature valve 62 so that the coolant does not flow to the radiator 63. When the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is shut off, and the cooling water flows into the waste heat recovery machine 64 only through the bypass passage 15. That is, when there is no bypass passage 15, the water supply to the waste heat recovery 64 is stopped. Therefore, the low temperature valve 61 is a stop means for stopping the transmission of the cooling water to the waste heat recovery device 64 in the low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature).

Hereinafter will be described an embodiment of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present invention.

9 shows the basic configuration of the water-cooled engine bottom pump of this embodiment. The water-cooled engine heat pump includes a water-cooled gas engine (2), a cooling water circuit (1) for cooling the engine, two compressors (3) driven by the engine, and a refrigerant compressed by the compressor (3). Circuit 4.

The gas engine 2 uses natural gas having a cylinder volume of 950 cc as a fuel and includes an output pulley 21, a manifold cooling device 22, an exhaust gas heat exchanger 23, and an exhaust pipe 24. This gas engine 2 is provided with the control part which reduces the rotation speed of the gas engine 2, when the temperature of the refrigerant | coolant of a refrigerant circuit demonstrated below is low.

The cooling water circuit 1 is a low temperature valve 61, a high temperature valve 62, a radiator 63, a waste heat recovery 64, a water pump 65, pressure cap 67, reservoir 68 and manifold cooling The device 22 and the exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 are connected. The low temperature valve 61 is a suction port 610 for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port 611 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a second higher than the first temperature. It is provided with a high-temperature port 612 for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 at a temperature higher than the temperature. The high temperature valve 62 is a suction port 620 for sucking the coolant, a low temperature port 621 for discharging the entire amount of the coolant sucked from the suction port 620 at a temperature lower than the third temperature, and a fourth higher than the third temperature. The high temperature port 622 which discharges the whole quantity of the cooling water sucked in from the suction port 620 by the temperature more than temperature is provided. The circuit includes a supply passage 11 connecting the cooling water discharge port 25 of the gas engine 2 and the suction port 610 of the low temperature valve 61, the low temperature port 611 and the gas engine 2 of the low temperature valve 61. Recovery passage 12 for connecting the cooling water suction port (not shown) of the second), the second supply passage 110 for connecting the inlet 620 of the high temperature port 612 and the high temperature valve 62 of the low temperature valve 61, The high temperature port of the high temperature valve 62 passes through the waste heat recovery passage 13 and the radiator 63 through the waste heat recovery unit 64 and connects the low temperature port 621 and the recovery passage 12 of the high temperature valve 62. 622 and the radiator passage 14 connecting the recovery passage 12, the reservoir passage 18 through the pressure gap 67 to connect the recovery passage 12 and the reservoir 68, the supply passage 11 And a bypass passage 15 connecting the supply port 641 of the waste heat recovery 64. The bypass passage 15 is provided with a channel resistance 16. The channel resistance 16 is a low temperature operation state in which the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the predetermined value (first temperature), and the flow rate flowing through the bypass circuit is the total flow rate (flow rate discharged from the cooling water discharge port 25 of the engine 2). Is set to 10% for.

The low temperature valve 61 and the high temperature valve 62 are both thermostat valves, and the servostat is heated or cooled according to the temperature of the coolant to thermally expand or contract the valves. The first temperature is set to 60 ° C, the second temperature to 65 ° C, the third temperature to 70 ° C, and the fourth temperature to 75 ° C. In other words, the third and fourth temperatures (predetermined high temperatures) are set higher than the first and second temperatures (predetermined low temperatures). That is, the third temperature is set higher than the second temperature.

The low temperature valve 61 is in open communication with the inlet 610 and the low temperature port 611 at a coolant temperature lower than 60 ° C, and the inlet 610 and the high temperature port 612 are closed. In this state, the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 flows to the low temperature port 611. When the cooling water temperature is 60 ° C. or more, on the contrary, the suction port 610 and the low temperature port 611 begin to close, and the suction port 610 and the high temperature port 612 start to communicate with each other. In this state, the coolant sucked from the suction port 610 flows to the low temperature port 611 and also to the high temperature port 612. Moreover, above 65 ° C., the intake port 610 and the low temperature port 611 are completely closed, and the intake port 610 and the high temperature port 612 are completely open. In this state, the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port 610 flows to the high temperature port 612.

The low temperature valve 61 opens and closes the low temperature sphere 611 and the high temperature sphere 612 at 60 ° C to 65 ° C. The high temperature valve 62 opens and closes the low temperature sphere 621 and the high temperature sphere 622 at 70 ° C to 75 ° C.

The radiator 63 is for discharging the heat of the cooling water to the atmosphere, and is commonly used in water-cooled engines. The waste heat recovery unit 64 is a liquid-liquid heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the cooling water and the refrigerant. The water pump 65 circulates the cooling water with a pump driven by the engine. The pressure cap 67 regulates the vapor pressure of the cooling water, and the reservoir 68 is a device for supplying the cooling water.

On the other hand, the recovery passage 12 is provided with a water pump 65, an exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 and a manifold cooling device 22, and the water is recovered by the transmission of the cooling water and the cooling water of the engine waste heat.

The cooling water circuit 1 of this embodiment has the same basic configuration as the cooling water circuit shown in FIG.

When the water cooling engine 2 is started, the water pump 65 by the engine 2 is driven so that the cooling water is supplied from the supply passage 11, and finally returns to the recovery passage 12 to cool the cooling water circuit 1. Flows.

When the coolant is lower than 60 ° C., the low temperature valve 61 opens and communicates with the suction port 610 and the low temperature port 611. For this reason, the cooling water of the supply passage 11 immediately returns to the recovery passage 12 through the low temperature valve 61. In addition, some of the cooling water is returned from the supply passage 11 through the bypass passage 15 to the recovery passage 12. As a result, the coolant flowing through the bypass passage 15 is supplied to the waste heat recovery unit 64. In the recovery passage 12, it passes through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 and the manifold cooling device 22, and is heated by the exhaust gas, and is also heated through the cylinder block of the gas engine 2.

Since the cooling water is lower than 60 ° C., the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 is not opened. For this reason, the coolant is not supplied from the supply passage 11 to the second supply passage 110. Moreover, since the high temperature valve 62 has the threshold temperature of 70 to 75 degreeC, the high temperature port 622 is closed. For this reason, the cooling water supplied from the bypass passage 15 is not supplied to the radiator 63 either. Therefore, when the coolant temperature is 60 ° C. or lower, the coolant is not sent to the radiator 63, but the coolant is sent to the waste heat recoverer 64 through the bypass passage 15, and most of the coolant is recovered from the supply passage 11. It flows into the passage 12 and circulates. The cooling water flowing through the recovery passage 12 is heated by the exhaust gas heat exchanger 23, the manifold cooling device 22, and the cylinder block.

When the coolant temperature becomes 60 ° C or higher, the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61 starts to close, and the high temperature port 612 starts to open. When the coolant temperature becomes 65 ° C or higher, the low temperature port 611 of the low temperature valve 61 is completely closed, and the high temperature port 612 is completely opened. As the low temperature port 611 is closed, there is no cooling water returning directly from the supply passage 11 to the recovery passage 12. The coolant flows from the supply passage 11 to the second supply passage 110 through the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61. In the high temperature valve 62, the low temperature port 621 is opened, and the high temperature port 622 is closed. For this reason, the cooling water of the second supply passage 110 passes through the low temperature port of the high temperature valve 62, passes through the waste heat recovery unit 64, and flows into the waste heat recovery passage 13. Finally, the return passage 12 is returned. Even in this case, some of the cooling water flows from the bypass passage 15 to the waste heat recovery device 64. That is, the entire cooling water passes through the waste heat recovery device 64.

When the coolant temperature is 70 ° C. or higher, the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 starts to close, and the high temperature port 622 starts to open. For this reason, the cooling water of the supply passage 11 passes through the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61, flows into the 2nd supply path 110, and passes through the high temperature port 622 of the high temperature valve 62 from the radiator. Flowing into the passage 14, the coolant flows into the radiator 63. Due to the heat dissipation by the radiator 64, the cooling water is cooled and its temperature is lowered. The coolant whose temperature is lowered is returned to the recovery passage 12. When the coolant temperature is 75 ° C. or higher, the low temperature port 621 of the high temperature valve 62 is completely closed, and the high temperature port 622 is completely opened. For this reason, all of the cooling water supplied to the 2nd supply path 110 flows into the radiator path 14, and does not flow to the waste heat recovery path 13.

The refrigerant circuit 4 includes two compressors 3 driven by an engine, an oil separator 71, a four-way valve 72, an indoor unit heat exchanger 73, an indoor unit expansion valve 74, and an outdoor unit expansion valve 75. And an outdoor unit heat exchanger 76, an accumulator 77, a sub liquid valve 79, and a waste heat recovery unit 64. The two compressors 3 are arranged in parallel and are driven by a drive belt 31 provided in the output pulley 21 of the engine 2 to insulate and compress the refrigerant gas into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure.

The refrigerant circuit 4 includes a supply passage 41 connecting the discharge port 31 of each compressor 3 to the inlet port 720 of the four-way valve 72, and an outlet 723 and a compressor port of the four-way valve 72. (3) An indoor unit heat exchanger (73) and an indoor unit expansion valve (2) having a recovery passage (42) connecting the inlet (32) of the inlet (32), a first opening (721) and a second opening (722) of the four-way valve (72). 74), the heat exchange passage 43 for connecting the outdoor unit expansion valve 75 and the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 in series, and the heat exchange passage 43 and the recovery passage 42 through the waste heat recovery unit 64; A waste heat recovery passage 44 is provided.

An oil separator 71 is installed in the supply passage 41, and the separated oil is returned to the recovery passage 42 through the oil recovery passage 45. An accumulator 77 is provided in the recovery passage 42. The accumulator 77 stores the liquid refrigerant and returns the gaseous refrigerant to the compressor 3.

The heat exchange passage 43 includes a first heat exchange passage portion 431 connecting the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 through the first opening 721 and the spindle valve 78 of the four-way valve 72; A second heat exchange passage part 432 connecting the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 and the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 through the indoor unit expansion valve 74, the spindle valve 78, and the outdoor unit expansion valve 75; And a third heat exchange passage portion 433 which connects the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 and the second opening 722 of the four-way valve 72. The indoor unit expansion valve 74 functions as an expansion valve when the refrigerant flows from the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 to the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 in the second heat exchange passage portion 432. On the contrary, the outdoor unit expansion valve 75 functions as the expansion valve when the refrigerant flows from the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 to the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 in the second heat exchange passage portion 432.

The waste heat recovery passage 44 may include a first waste heat recovery passage portion 441 connecting the second heat exchange passage portion 431 and the waste heat recovery unit 64 through a sub-liquid valve 79, and a waste heat recovery unit 64. The second waste heat recovery passage portion 442 connecting the recovery passage 42. The sub liquid valve 79 is a valve for controlling the flow rate of the liquid refrigerant flowing in the waste heat recovery passage 44. Here, when the outside air temperature is lower than the temperature of the refrigerant, the sub-liquid valve 79 increases the flow rate, and when it is high, the sub-liquid valve 79 is adjusted to reduce the flow rate.

The indoor unit heat exchanger (73) and the indoor unit expansion valve (74) of the refrigerant engine heat pump are normally arranged in the room to be air-conditioned, and other parts such as the engine (2) and the compressor (3) are arranged outdoors. The water-cooled engine heat pump of this embodiment has the structure described above.

Next, the operation of the water-cooled engine heat pump will be described.

When the water-cooled heat pump is used for heating, the valve of the four-way valve 72 communicates with the inlet 720 and the first opening 721 of the four-way valve 72 and at the same time the second valve of the four-way valve 72. Switched to communicate opening 722 and outlet 723. Accordingly, the high pressure refrigerant adiabatic compressed by the compressor (3) passes through the oil separator (71) of the supply passage (41), flows through the four-way valve (72) to the first heat exchange passage (431), and the indoor unit heat exchanger ( Enter 73). In this indoor unit heat exchanger (73), heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the indoor air, and the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered. In contrast, indoor air is heated to heat. The refrigerant leaving the indoor unit heat exchanger (73) passes through the indoor unit expansion valve (74) and is adiabaticly expanded, and the temperature of the refrigerant is cooled to partially liquefy and at the same time the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered. Partly liquefied refrigerant passes through the second heat exchange passage part 432 and enters the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76. In this outdoor unit heat exchanger 76, heat of the outside air is transferred to the refrigerant. As a result, the refrigerant is heated, and the liquid refrigerant is vaporized into gas. The gaseous refrigerant enters the recovery passageway 42 through the four-way valve 72, and gas-liquid separation is carried out in the accumulator 77 to return only the gaseous phase refrigerant to the compressor 3. In addition, the liquid refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchange passage part 432 flows into the waste heat recovery passage 44. In other words, a part of the liquid refrigerant in the second heat exchange passage part 432 passes through the sub liquid valve 79, enters the waste heat recovery unit 64, and flows into the recovery passage 42. In the waste heat recovery device 64, the liquid refrigerant is heated and vaporized into a gas phase refrigerant.

The amount of heat recovered by the waste heat recovery unit 64 varies greatly at the cooling water temperature. In this embodiment, the coolant is not supplied from the supply passage 11 to the second supply passage 110 by the low temperature valve 61 at a temperature lower than 60 ° C. For this reason, only the coolant which passes the bypass passage 15 is supplied to the waste heat recovery machine 64. When the coolant temperature becomes 60 ° C. or higher, the high temperature port 612 of the low temperature valve 61 starts to open, and the coolant starts to be supplied from the supply passage 11 to the second supply passage 110. At temperatures above 65 ° C. and below 70 ° C., the entire cooling water passes through the waste heat recovery 64. When the coolant temperature is 75 ° C. or higher, the coolant in the second supply passage 110 begins to flow through the high temperature port 622 of the high temperature valve 62 to the radiator 63, and the coolant flowing to the waste heat recovery 64 decreases. To start. When the cooling water temperature is 75 ° C. or higher, the cooling water flowing to the waste heat recovery unit 64 is formed only of the cooling water flowing through the bypass passage 15.

In the heating operation, the heat transferred from the outdoor air and the cooling water to the refrigerant in the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 and the waste heat recovery unit 64 is used to heat the indoor air in the indoor unit heat exchanger 73.

Next, the case used for cooling is demonstrated. First, the valve of the four-way valve 72 communicates the inlet 720 and the second opening 722 of the four-way valve 72, and at the same time, the first opening 721 and the outlet 723 of the four-way valve 72. Is switched to communicate. As a result, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant insulated and compressed by the compressor 3 flows from the supply passage 41 to the third heat exchange passage portion 433 through the four-way valve 72 and enters the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76. In this outdoor unit heat exchanger 76, the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the outdoor air, and the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered. The refrigerant exiting the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 is thermally expanded through the outdoor unit expansion valve 75, the temperature of the refrigerant is cooled to partially liquefy, and the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered. Part of the refrigerant liquefied enters the outdoor unit heat exchanger (73) through the second heat exchange passage (432). The indoor unit heat exchanger (73) cools the air in the room, the refrigerant is heated in reverse, and the liquid refrigerant is vaporized to become a gas. The gaseous refrigerant enters the recovery passage 42 through the four-way valve 72, and gas-liquid separation is carried out in the accumulator 77, so that only the gaseous refrigerant is returned to the compressor 3. In addition, the gaseous refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchange passage part 432 is blocked by the sub liquid valve 79 and does not flow into the waste heat recovery passage 44.

In this refrigerant circuit, cooling water usually flows to the waste heat recovery device (64). If the temperature of the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 is excessively lowered in the cooling operation at a low outside air temperature, the intermittent operation is executed by executing ON-OFF control to prevent freezing of the indoor unit heat exchanger 73. You must do it. However, by opening the sub-liquid valve 79, heat can be applied to the low pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 4, and the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 can be prevented from freezing, thereby enabling continuous operation.

In the cooling operation, the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the outside air from the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76, and the heat of the room is transferred to the refrigerant from the indoor unit heat exchanger 73, thereby lowering the temperature of the room.

Next, when the engine of the water-cooled engine heat pump according to the present embodiment is started at an external temperature of -5 ° C. in a state where the supply of heat by the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 cannot be sufficiently increased to start the engine for heating, the elapsed time after starting the engine The test results of the engine speed, the coolant temperature, and the refrigerant low pressure for the time 0 to 10 minutes will be described.

For comparison, a water-cooled engine heat pump of the comparative example in which only the bypass passage 15 was closed in the cooling engine heat pump of the embodiment was manufactured, and the supply temperature of the heat by the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 was increased to the same outside temperature as -5 ° C. When the engine for heating was started in a state where it could not be sufficiently achieved, the test results of the engine speed, the coolant temperature, and the refrigerant low pressure over time for 0 to 10 minutes were obtained.

The obtained test results are shown in Table 1, Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12. No bypass indicates the value of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the comparative example, and with bypass indicates the value of the water-cooled engine heat pump of the present embodiment. Fig. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time after starting and the engine speed, Fig. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time after starting and the coolant water temperature, and Fig. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time after starting and the refrigerant low pressure. to be.

In the water-cooled engine heat pumps of the examples and the comparative examples, when the engine is started, the engine speed is 1000 revolutions per minute after one minute, and the refrigerant low pressure is lowered from 0.65 MPa to 0.3 MPa. The cooling water temperature is changed from -5 deg. C to 0 deg. C in the example, and that of the comparative example is changed from -5 deg. C to 5 deg. C, and the cooling water temperature of the water cooling engine heat pump of the comparative example is made higher.

Table 1

Time (min) Engine speed (min-1) Cooling water temperature (℃) Refrigerant Low Pressure (Mpa) 410A No bypass With bypass No bypass With bypass No bypass With bypass 0 0 0 -5 -5 0.65 0.65 One 1000 1000 5 0 0.3 0.3 2 1000 1100 15 10 0.31 0.32 3 1000 1200 25 25 0.32 0.35 4 1000 1300 35 45 0.33 0.38 5 1000 1400 45 60 0.34 0.41 6 1000 1600 55 60 0.35 0.45 7 1200 1800 60 60 0.37 0.49 8 1400 2000 60 60 0.4 0.54 9 1600 2300 60 60 0.44 0.6 10 1800 2300 60 60 0.5 0.66

When the elapsed time reaches 2 minutes, the engine speed starts to rise to 1100 revolutions / minute in the embodiment, and in the embodiment, the engine speed continues to increase from 2 minutes to 9 minutes, and after 9 minutes, the engine speed increases to 2300 revolutions / minute. It becomes constant. On the other hand, in the comparative example, the low speed rotation is maintained at 1000 revolutions / minute from 2 minutes to 6 minutes, and the rotation speed is increased after 6 minutes, and the engine revolution speed after 10 minutes is 1800 revolutions / minute.

The cooling water temperature, from 0 to 5 minutes in the example, initially shows a slow rate of temperature rise of the cooling water and a rapid temperature rise in the latter part, and after 60 minutes, the temperature rises to 60 ° C and then maintains 60 ° C.

On the other hand, in the comparative example, the temperature rise was almost constant from 0 minutes to 7 minutes, and after 7 minutes, it became 60 degreeC, and 60 degreeC was hold | maintained after that.

Comparing the Example and the Comparative Example, at 0 to 3 minutes, the cooling water temperature of the Example is lower than the cooling water temperature of the Comparative Example, and after 3 minutes, the Example and the Comparative Example become the same, and then from 3 minutes to 7 minutes The coolant temperature of the example is higher than the coolant temperature of the comparative example.

At the refrigerant low pressure, the refrigerant low pressure of the Example and the comparative example was further lowered after 1 minute and further lowered, and after 10 minutes, the refrigerant low pressure of the Example was 0.66 MPa, but the refrigerant low pressure of the comparative example did not exceed 0.5 MPa.

Higher refrigerant low pressures can increase the engine speed. The increase in the engine speed in the embodiment of FIG. 10 corresponds to the increase in the pressure of the refrigerant low pressure in the embodiment of FIG.

After 2 minutes at the refrigerant low pressure, the refrigerant low pressure of the example is lower than the refrigerant low pressure of the comparative example. This means that the gas pressure of the refrigerant provided to the compressor 3 driven by the engine is high in the embodiment and low in the comparative example. That is, in the embodiment, a higher pressure refrigerant gas is provided to the compressor, and since the engine speed is higher, more refrigerant gas is adiabaticly compressed in the compressor. As a result, a large amount of high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is provided to the indoor unit heat exchanger 73, and warm air is obtained from the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 in a short time after starting the engine.

The low coolant temperature within 3 minutes after starting the engine is because the coolant flowing through the bypass passage 15 transfers heat from the waste heat recovery 64 to the coolant at approximately -20 ° C. In the embodiment, the increase in the coolant temperature due to the start of the engine is temporarily lower than that of the comparative example because of the cooling by the refrigerant in the bypass passage. However, as can be clearly seen from Fig. 10, the engine speed of the embodiment is higher than the engine speed of the comparative example. That is, the fuel of the embodiment consumes more fuel per unit time, and the cooling water of the embodiment per unit time is supplied with more heat from the engine.

In the embodiment, since more heat is supplied to the cooling water from the engine, the refrigerant low pressure is high, and a larger amount of refrigerant gas is adiabaticly compressed in the compressor. As a result, a large amount of high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is provided to the indoor unit heat exchanger 73, and the warm air can be obtained from the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 in a short time after starting the engine.

Therefore, as shown in the water-cooled engine heat pump of the embodiment, when the outside air temperature is low and endotherm by the outdoor unit heat exchanger 76 cannot be expected, the engine waste heat recovery due to the engine driving is increased, and the indoor unit heat exchanger 73 is shorter. Heating by is possible.

In this embodiment, a specific cooling water circuit and a refrigerant circuit will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and a bypass passage is provided in a conventionally known cooling water circuit or a conventionally known refrigerant circuit is employed. can do.

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiment and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be evident to those who have knowledge of.

As described above, the water-cooled engine heat pump according to the present invention has the effect of quickly starting operation in low-temperature cooling by using the heat of the cooling water from the start of the engine.

Claims (11)

A water-cooled engine, a refrigerant compression compressor driven by the engine, a refrigerant heat exchanger, and a waste heat recovery device for transferring heat of the engine to the refrigerant, The waste heat recovery apparatus is connected to a cooling water circuit for cooling the engine, a refrigerant circuit for circulating a refrigerant compressed by the compressor, a waste heat recovery device connected to the cooling water circuit and a refrigerant circuit to transfer heat of cooling water to the refrigerant, and the cooling water. A water-cooled engine heat pump having a stop means for stopping the supply of cooling water to the waste heat recovery device in a low temperature operation state where the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the circuit is lower than a predetermined value. The cooling water circuit includes a bypass circuit that bypasses the stop means and sends cooling water to the waste heat recovery device. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 1, The bypass circuit A channel resistor is provided to regulate the flow rate of the bypass circuit. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The stop means is a low temperature valve for opening and closing the valve at a predetermined low temperature, The coolant circuit includes a radiator and a high temperature valve for opening and closing the valve at a predetermined high temperature higher than the predetermined low temperature to open and close the coolant water supply to the radiator. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature above the first temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The high temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The cooling water circuit is a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the intake port of the low temperature valve, a recovery passage connecting the low temperature port of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine, connecting the high temperature port of the low temperature valve and the inlet port of the high temperature valve. A second supply passage, a waste heat recovery passage for connecting the low temperature port of the high temperature valve and the recovery passage through the waste heat recovery unit, and a radiator passage for connecting the high temperature port of the high temperature valve and the recovery passage through the radiator, The bypass circuit includes a bypass passage connecting the supply passage and the supply port of the waste heat recovery device. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the coolant, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature that is greater than or equal to the first temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The high temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The cooling water circuit includes a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the intake port of the low temperature valve, a recovery passage connecting the low temperature port of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine, and the high temperature port of the low temperature valve and the high temperature valve through the waste heat recovery unit. A waste heat recovery passage connecting the low temperature opening of the radiator passage, a radiator passage connecting the high temperature opening of the low temperature valve to the high temperature opening of the high temperature valve through the radiator, and a second recovery passage connecting the outlet and the recovery passage of the high temperature valve. Equipped, The bypass passage may include a first bypass passage connecting the supply passage and an intake port of the waste heat recovery unit, and a second bypass passage connecting any one of an outlet of the waste heat recovery unit, the recovery passage, and a second recovery passage. Made up Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the coolant, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature that is greater than or equal to the first temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The high temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The coolant circuit has a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the intake port of the high temperature valve, a second supply passage connecting the low temperature port of the high temperature valve and the inlet port of the low temperature valve, and the low temperature port of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine. A recovery passage for connecting, a waste heat recovery passage for connecting the high temperature port of the low temperature valve and the recovery passage through the waste heat recovery unit, and a radiator passage for connecting the high temperature port of the high temperature valve and the recovery passage through the radiator, The bypass passage consists of a bypass passage connecting the supply passage and the supply port of the waste heat recovery machine. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a first temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature equal to or greater than the first temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The high temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The cooling water circuit is a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the intake port of the high temperature valve, a second supply passage connecting the low temperature port of the high temperature valve and the low temperature valve of the low temperature valve, the outlet of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine A recovery passage connecting the heat recovery passage, a waste heat recovery passage connecting the second supply passage and the high temperature port of the low temperature valve through the waste heat recovery unit, and a radiator connecting the high temperature port of the high temperature valve and the high temperature port of the low temperature valve through the radiator. With a passageway, The bypass passage includes a first bypass passage connecting the supply passage and the second supply passage, and a second bypass passage connecting the waste heat recovery passage downstream of the waste heat recovery unit and the recovery passage. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a first temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature equal to or greater than the first temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The high temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The cooling water circuit includes a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the low temperature port of the low temperature valve, a recovery passage connecting the discharge port of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine, and the supply passage and the high temperature through the waste heat recovery unit. A waste heat recovery passage connecting the low temperature outlet of the valve, a radiator passage connecting the supply passage and the high temperature outlet of the high temperature valve through the radiator, and a second connection connecting the outlet of the high temperature valve to the high temperature outlet of the low temperature valve Has a return passage; The bypass circuit includes a bypass passage connecting the waste heat recovery passage downstream of the waste heat recovery machine and the recovery passage. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a first temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature equal to or greater than the first temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The high temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The cooling water circuit includes a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the low temperature port of the low temperature valve, a second supply passage connecting the supply passage and the intake port of the high temperature valve, the outlet of the low temperature valve and the cooling water suction port of the engine. A recovery passage for connecting a waste heat recovery passage for connecting the low temperature port of the high temperature valve and the high temperature valve of the low temperature valve through the waste heat recovery unit, and the high temperature port of the high temperature valve and the high temperature port of the low temperature valve through the radiator. It has a radiator passage to connect The bypass circuit includes a first bypass passage connecting the supply passage and the waste heat recovery passage upstream of the waste heat recovery unit, and a second bypass connecting the waste heat recovery passage downstream of the waste heat recovery unit and the recovery passage. Consisting of passages Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a first temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the second temperature equal to or greater than the first temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The high temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The cooling water circuit is a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the low temperature port of the low temperature valve, a second recovery passage connecting the outlet of the low temperature valve and the low temperature port of the high temperature valve, the outlet of the high temperature valve and the engine A recovery passage connecting the cooling water suction port of the waste heat recovery passage, a waste heat recovery passage connecting the supply passage and the high temperature port of the low temperature valve through the waste heat recovery unit, and a connection between the supply passage and the high temperature port of the high temperature valve through the radiator. Has a radiator passage, The bypass circuit includes a bypass passage connecting the waste heat recovery passage and the recovery passage downstream of the waste heat recovery machine. Water-cooled engine heat pump. The method of claim 3, The low temperature valve includes a suction port for sucking the cooling water, a low temperature port for discharging the entire amount of the cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature lower than the first temperature, and a cooling water sucked from the suction port at a temperature above the first temperature. Equipped with a hot air outlet for discharging the whole quantity, The high temperature valve may include a discharge port for discharging the cooling water, a low temperature port for sucking the entire amount of the cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature lower than a third temperature, and a cooling water discharged from the discharge port at a temperature higher than or equal to the fourth temperature greater than or equal to the third temperature. Equipped with a high temperature port for sucking the whole amount, The cooling water circuit includes a supply passage connecting the cooling water discharge port of the engine and the intake port of the low temperature valve, a recovery passage connecting the low temperature port of the low temperature valve and the cooling water intake port of the engine, and passing through the waste heat recovery unit to the supply passage and the high temperature. A waste heat recovery passage connecting the low temperature port of the valve, a radiator passage passing through the radiator to connect the hot passage of the supply valve and the high temperature valve, and a second recovery passage connecting the outlet of the high temperature valve and the recovery passage. Equipped, The bypass circuit includes a first bypass passage connecting the supply passage and the waste heat recovery passage upstream of the waste heat recovery unit, and a second bypass connecting the waste heat recovery passage and the recovery passage downstream of the waste heat recovery unit. Pass Path Water-cooled engine heat pump.

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