KR100734005B1 - Single-feed dual-band circularly polarized single patch antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

A single rectangular patch antenna for receiving a single-feed dual-band circular polarization is provided to reduce waste of a space by minimizing a space occupied when being mounted to a vehicle or a moving body. A single rectangular patch antenna for receiving a single-feed dual-band circular polarization includes a ground plate(100), a rectangular patch(200), and a dielectric layer. The rectangular patch(200) is installed at an upper part of the ground plate(100) to be spaced apart from the ground plate(100). The dielectric layer(300) is installed between the ground plate(100) and the rectangular patch(200). The rectangular patch(200) includes an outer slot(210), a center slot(220), and a feeding point(230). The outer slot(210) is formed in a lengthwise direction of a side inside each side of a rectangle. The center slot(220) is formed in a diagonal direction of the rectangle at a center surrounded by the outer slot(210). The feeding point is installed between the outer slot and the center slot.

Description

Single-Feed Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Single Patch Antenna}

1 is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the present invention, where the shape of the outer slot is a 'b' shape.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows a pattern of circular polarization.

4 relates to (a) reflection coefficients (S ₁₁ ), (b) Smith chart, and (c) radiation patterns according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic front view of another specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the shape of the outer slot is different from FIG.

FIG. 6 relates to (a) reflection coefficients (S ₁₁ ), (b) Smith chart, and (c) radiation patterns according to a specific embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: ground plate

200: square patch

210: Outer slot

220: center slot

230: feeding point

300: dielectric layer

Field of technology

The present invention relates to a patch antenna for receiving a dual band circularly polarized signal, more specifically, a ground plate; A square patch installed above the ground plate and spaced apart from the ground plate; And a dielectric layer provided between the ground plate and the square patch.

Prior art

Recently, patch antennas have been widely used for satellite broadcasting reception. Patch antennas have the disadvantages of limited antenna gain due to dielectric loss and feed loss, narrow frequency bandwidth, and low amount of power available, but can be manufactured on a laboratory scale, and MIC (Microwave Integrated Circuit) technology It can be mass-produced and can be widely used in a wide frequency band. Especially, it is used as an antenna for satellites, rockets, missiles and broadband radars moving at high speed due to its small size and light weight.

Signals transmitted from satellites mainly use circular polarization, which can be classified into right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

The polarization of a waveform is defined by a vector of instantaneous electric fields moving as a function of time at any point in space, and is divided into linear polarization, elliptical polarization, and circular polarization.

3 is a diagram showing a pattern of circular polarization.

The electric field components in the x and y directions of the waveform traveling in the z (+) direction may be represented by Equations 1 and 2 below.

[Equation 1]

E _x = E ₁ sin (ωt-βz)

[Equation 2]

E _y = E ₂ sin (ωt-βz + δ)

Here, E ₁ is the amplitude of the waveform linearly polarized on the x-axis, E ₂ is the amplitude of the waveform linearly polarized on the y-axis, β is a phase constant and δ is a phase angle where E _y leads E _x .

Circular polarization is generated when two linearly polarized components have the same amplitude and are 90 ° out of phase, and rotate clockwise and rotate counterclockwise when the wave direction is seen from the rear of the antenna. It is divided into left polarization.

Usually, satellites transmitting broadcast signals mostly use circular polarization.

In case of DMB and GPS satellites, RHCP is used to transmit right-hand circular polarized wave (RHCP) and terrestrial receiving antenna on the ground also uses RHCP antenna with same polarization characteristics.

Conventional antennas are used for transmitting and receiving circular polarization in a single band by changing the structure of the patch on a single patch surface, and circular polarization is generated on each patch surface by using an antenna having a stacked structure.

The stacked structure has a structural appearance in which two patches are stacked using respective feed points, and the stacked structure receives a single band circular polarization signal for each patch surface.

However, it is difficult to manufacture the antenna due to the laminated structure, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is twice as large as that of the single patch economically.

Therefore, in order to secure the point where two signals such as DMB and GPS are received by two conventional antennas, a circularly polarized signal having the same characteristics in a dual band using a single feed point and a multiple slot structure on a single patch surface There is a need for a single patch antenna capable of transmitting and receiving signals.

The present invention, which was created to solve the above problems, has a multi-slot structure on a single patch surface, thereby providing a means for generating circular polarization in a dual band and receiving two signals with one antenna. It is an object of the invention.

The configuration of the present invention created to achieve the above object is as follows.

The present invention is a ground plate; A square patch installed on the ground plate and spaced apart from the ground plate; And a dielectric layer provided between the ground plate and the square patch, wherein the square patch comprises: an outer slot formed in a longitudinal direction of a side of each side of a quadrangle; A center slot formed in a diagonal direction of a quadrangle at a center portion surrounded by the slot; And a feed point provided between the outer slot and the center slot to supply electricity.

1 is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a ground plate 100 and a square patch 200 is installed spaced apart on the upper surface of the ground plate 100.

In addition, a dielectric layer 300 is provided between the ground plate 100 and the square patch 200.

The square patch 200 shows a case where the shape of the outer slot 210 is a 'b' shape, the bending point of the 'b' is located at the corner of the square patch 200, the outer slot 210 A central slot 220 formed in a diagonal direction of a quadrangle is formed in the central part surrounded by a center, and copper or the like is used as the material.

When the center slot 220 is formed in a diagonal direction as shown in FIG. 1 or 5, it is possible to receive the first circular polarization, and in other diagonal directions (that is, the center slot shown in FIG. 1 or 5). If it is formed in a direction perpendicular to 220) it can receive a left circular circular polarization.

In other words, the direction of the center slot 220 may be differently formed as necessary to implement a model capable of selectively receiving a first circular polarization or a left circular circular polarization.

The feed point 230 to which electricity is supplied is provided on the square patch 200 between the outer slot 210 and the center slot 220, and more specifically, at a center point where two diagonal lines of the square patch 200 cross each other. It will be located in a place spaced by

The feed point 230 is connected to a core of a connector or a coaxial cable connected to an input terminal or a circuit of a low noise amplifier.

Figure 5 is a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided with a linear outer slot 210 formed in the longitudinal direction of the sides of each side of the rectangle.

That is, it can be seen that the outer slots 210 are symmetrically arranged in both cases of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5.

The ground plate 100 also has a rectangular shape similar to the square patch 200, and has a larger area than the square patch 200, and copper or the like is used as the material.

The reason for configuring the ground plate 100 as a square having the same shape as that of the square patch 200 is to induce a radiation pattern radiated from the surface of the square patch 200 to be symmetrically close to the circular radiation dose in an undesired direction. This is to receive satellite signal well by minimizing and concentrating in the vertical direction.

A connector grounding part or a coaxial cable grounding wire is connected to the grounding plate 100, and the grounding plate 100 and the square patch 200 installed at an upper portion of the grounding plate 100 are spaced apart from each other to maintain a predetermined gap therebetween. It is.

The dielectric layer 300 is installed in the space between the square patch 200 and the ground plate 100, and is made of any one material of air, ceramic, Teflon, or FR4.

As the dielectric layer 300, various materials may be used as described above, and in consideration of fabrication convenience and manufacturing cost, it is preferable to use air having a low dielectric constant (dielectric constant: 1). When pursuant to, it is preferable to use a material such as ceramic, Teflon or FR4 having a relatively high dielectric constant.

FIG. 4 relates to (a) reflection coefficients (S ₁₁ ), (b) Smith chart, and radiation pattern according to a specific embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1.

Specific specifications of the square patch 200 and the ground plate 100 used in Figure 4 are as follows.

The ground plate 100 is square, and the length L1 of one side is 63 mm, and the square patch 200 is also square, and the length L2 of one side is 52 mm.

One side length L3 of the outer slot 210 is 21 mm, its width W1 is 1 mm, and the distance W2 from one end of the rectangular patch 200 to the outer slot 210 is 2 mm. to be.

The length L4 of the center slot 220 is 20.85 mm, and the width W3 is 3 mm.

The feed point 230 is provided below the center point where two diagonal lines of the square patch 200 cross each other, and the distance Fg from one end of the square patch 200 to the feed point 230 is 13 mm, The distance between the center point where the two diagonal lines intersect and the feed point 230 is also 13 mm.

In addition, the dielectric layer 300 used air itself having a dielectric constant of 1 in consideration of manufacturing convenience and manufacturing cost.

The measurement results of the dual band square patch antenna fabricated under such conditions are shown in FIG.

4 (a) shows the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ , which has a bandwidth of 127 MHz from 2.346 GHz to 2.473 GHz in the low band based on −10 dB and a bandwidth of 122 MHz from 3.379 GHz to 3.501 GHz in the high band. Shows that

Figure 4 (b) shows the Smith chart (Smith chart), it can be seen that the kink is formed to generate a circular polarization in the dual band.

4 (c) shows the radiation pattern, which has gains of 6.94 dBi and 5.78 dBi at 2.30 GHz and 3.45 GHz, respectively, and the half power beam widths are 72.95 ° and 76.51 °.

That is, it can be seen that the design of a single square patch 200 antenna having a single feed point 230 is possible, the type of dielectric layer 300, the size and shape of the outer slot 210 and the center slot 220 and If you adjust the frequency by adjusting the position, you can implement an application model that can be used for the reception of dual-band circularly polarized signal in various bandwidths, it can be applied to digital multimedia broadcasting and GPS signal reception.

FIG. 6 illustrates measurement results using the square patch 200 and the ground plate 100 of the type shown in FIG. 5.

Specific specifications of the square patch 200 and the ground plate 100 used in Figure 6 are as follows.

The ground plate 100 is square, and the length L1 of one side is 63 mm, and the square patch 200 is also square, and the length L2 of one side is 52 mm.

One side length L3 of the outer slot 210 is 38 mm, its width W1 is 1 mm, and the distance W2 from one end of the rectangular patch 200 to the outer slot 210 is 2 mm. to be.

The length L4 of the center slot 220 is 20 mm, and the width W3 is 3 mm.

The feed point 230 is provided below the center point where two diagonal lines of the square patch 200 cross each other, and the distance Fg from one end of the square patch 200 to the feed point 230 is 13 mm, The distance between the center point where the two diagonal lines intersect and the feed point 230 is also 13 mm.

In addition, the dielectric layer 300 used air itself having a dielectric constant of 1 in consideration of manufacturing convenience and manufacturing cost.

The reflection coefficient S ₁₁ shown in FIG. 6 (a) shows that the bandwidth has a bandwidth of 128 MHz in the low band and a bandwidth of 116 MHz in the high band based on -10 dB.

Figure 6 (b) shows a Smith chart, it can be seen that the kink is formed to generate a circular polarization in the dual band.

6 (c) shows a radiation pattern, which has gains of 6.32 dBi and 7.63 dBi at 2.40 GHz and 3.90 GHz, respectively, and the half power beamwidths are 69.19 ° and 68.47 °.

That is, as in the case of Figure 4 it can be seen that it is possible to design a single square patch 200 antenna having a single feed point 230, the type of dielectric layer 300, the outer slot 210 and the center slot 220 If the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the size, shape, and position of the CEM), it is possible to implement an application model that can be used to receive dual-band circularly polarized signals at various bandwidths, and it is also applicable to digital multimedia broadcasting and GPS signal reception. It is possible.

Technical effects according to the present invention of the above configuration is as follows.

First, to receive a dual-band circular polarized signal with a single antenna and to have a multi-slot structure on a single patch surface, to generate a circular polarized wave in a dual band, and to receive a dual-band circular polarized signal with one antenna. have.

Second, it is possible to reduce the waste of space by minimizing the space occupied when mounted on a vehicle or a moving object.

In other words, it is made of a simple structure in which one rectangular patch is arranged on the ground plate, and the size of the antenna manufactured by using a material having a high dielectric constant as the dielectric can be minimized to minimize the space occupied by the antenna.

Third, economical efficiency can be pursued by minimizing the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

In other words, the antenna of the present invention is a rectangular patch is arranged on the top of the ground plate, bar may be used as a dielectric (air) between the ground plate and the square patch, it is easy to manufacture and reduce the manufacturing cost, Compared to stacked antennas, the material cost can be reduced to less than half.

Claims (5)

delete delete Ground plate; A square patch installed on the ground plate and spaced apart from the ground plate; And, A dielectric layer provided between the ground plate and the square patch; In the receiving antenna configured to include, The square patch, An outer slot formed in the longitudinal direction of the sides of each side of the quadrangle; A center slot formed in a diagonal direction of a quadrangle at a center portion surrounded by the outer slots; And, A feed point provided between the outer slot and the center slot to supply electricity; Or including or, Ground plate; A square patch installed on the ground plate and spaced apart from the ground plate; And, A dielectric layer provided between the ground plate and the square patch; In the receiving antenna configured to include, The square patch, An outer slot formed in the longitudinal direction of the sides of each side of the quadrangle; A center slot formed in a diagonal direction of a quadrangle at a center portion surrounded by the outer slots; And, A feed point provided between the outer slot and the center slot to supply electricity; It is configured to include, The feed point is connected to a core of a connector or a coaxial cable connected to an input terminal or a circuit portion of a low noise amplifier, The ground plate is connected to the connector ground or coaxial cable ground wire, The dielectric layer is composed of any one of air, ceramic, Teflon, or FR4, The outer slot is a single square patch antenna for receiving a single-feed dual-band circular polarization, characterized in that provided in the 'b' shape on each corner of the square patch. In claim 3, Single ground patch antenna for receiving a single-feed dual-band circular polarization, characterized in that the ground plate is a square. In claim 3, Single square patch antenna for receiving single-feed dual-band circular polarization, characterized in that it can selectively receive the first-order circular polarization or left-circling circular polarization according to the formation direction of the center slot.

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