KR100622604B1 - Gas engine heat pump with an enhanced accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas engine cooling and heating apparatus including an accumulator integrated with a heat exchanger, comprising: a compressor operating by a driving force of a gas engine to compress a refrigerant, a four-way valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant from the compressor, and Is an outdoor unit heat exchanger that liquefies the refrigerant supplied from the compressor through heat exchange and evaporates the refrigerant from the indoor unit heat exchanger during heating, an auxiliary evaporator installed to heat the refrigerant on the engine coolant circulation system for cooling the engine, and an accumulator. Outdoor unit including; Including an indoor heat exchanger and an expansion valve, an indoor unit that acts as an evaporator for cooling and a condenser for heating, and is configured to evaporate refrigerant sequentially by using an outdoor unit heat exchanger and an auxiliary heat exchanger during heating operation. In the apparatus, a gas engine cooling and heating apparatus is constructed, in which an auxiliary heat exchanger is mounted inside the accumulator in order to eliminate pressure drop existing in the refrigerant system and to improve heat exchange performance. On the other hand, in the present invention, the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger is preferably formed spirally to surround the discharge portion of the accumulator, it is preferable that a plurality of cooling fins extending in the vertical direction is attached to the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger.

 Gas Engine, Auxiliary Heat Exchanger, Accumulator, Cooling Fin, Heat Exchanger Tube

Description

Gas engine heating and cooling unit with accumulator integrated with heat exchanger

1 is a refrigerant system and an engine coolant system of a conventional gas engine heat pump

2 is a refrigerant system of the gas engine heat pump proposed by the present invention

3 is a first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a third embodiment of the present invention.

<Code Description of Main Parts of Drawing>

1: refrigerant circulation system 2: cooling water circulation system

10: gas engine 14: compressor

15: Four-way valve 16: Outdoor air exchanger

17, 18: expansion valve 19: indoor heat exchanger

20: accumulator 21: engine coolant three-way valve

22: radiator 23: circulation pump

24: exhaust gas heat exchanger 25: auxiliary heat exchanger

The present invention relates to a gas engine air-conditioning apparatus which drives a refrigerant compressor by a gas engine, and recovers the arrangement of the engine during heating operation and uses it for evaporation of the refrigerant. Particularly, the refrigerant refrigerant is introduced into the compressor by merging the accumulator and the auxiliary heat exchanger. The present invention relates to a gas engine heating and cooling unit having an accumulator integrated with a heat exchanger which prevents the operation and improves the coefficient of performance during operation.

Gas cooling is not used in summer to solve this problem, as the demand for pursuing a pleasant living standard has increased due to the recent increase in living standards and the demand for summer cooling has increased rapidly. An alternative cooling system was devised while searching for a way to operate the cooling system without gas. Gas cooling technology uses gas instead of electricity to cool the gas, which is mainly absorbed and gas engine heat pump (GHP). Mostly.

Among them, the GHP method uses a gas turbine and a method using an engine. The system uses a gas turbine or a gas engine to drive a compressor to cool (heat) the air. Compared with EHP (Electric Heat Pump), there is no big difference in terms of heat pump system, but there is a big difference in that GHP is driven by gas which is primary energy. It has the advantage that heating efficiency is higher than EHP, and it has the effect of suppressing cooling power demand in summer, so the prospect of future use is highlighted in a manner consistent with national energy policy.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gas engine heat pump is largely composed of a refrigerant circulation system 1 and an engine cooling water circulation system 2. The refrigerant circulation system forms a refrigeration cycle or a heat pump cycle for cooling or heating the indoor side, and a refrigerant compressor 14, a four-way valve 15, and an outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 driven by a gas engine 10. And a heating expansion valve 17, an indoor unit expansion valve 18, an indoor unit heat exchanger 19, an accumulator 20, and the like.

The engine coolant circulation system (2) circulates the engine coolant to cool the engine (10), the engine coolant relief valve (21), the radiator (22), the engine coolant circulation pump (23), and the exhaust gas heat exchanger (24). And the like.

 In addition, an auxiliary heat exchanger (25) is provided between the refrigerant circulation system (1) and the engine cooling water circulation system (2) so that the refrigerant is evaporated by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the engine cooling water.

During the cooling operation of the conventional gas engine heating and cooling device, the four-way valve 15 is switched as shown by the solid arrows in FIG. 1, and is compressed by the compressor 14 driven by the gas engine 10 to thereby produce a high temperature. The refrigerant, which has been in a high pressure state, is condensed by the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 functioning as a condenser via the four-way valve 15 switched to the cooling operation mode and discharges the condensation heat to the outside air. The refrigerant in the condensed liquid state is decompressed by the indoor unit expansion valve 18, and then flows into the indoor unit heat exchanger 19 which functions as an evaporator at a low temperature and low pressure to evaporate. As such, cooling is achieved by absorbing latent heat required in the evaporation process from the air in the room.

On the other hand, the refrigerant having passed through the indoor unit heat exchanger 19 passes through the accumulator 20, and only a refrigerant in a gaseous state is sucked into the compressor, thereby forming a refrigeration cycle continuously.

In addition, during the cooling operation, the engine coolant that has cooled the gas engine 10 is led to the radiator 22 side by the engine coolant three-way valve 21 and radiated to the outside air in the radiator 22, and then the engine coolant circulation pump 23. ) Is returned to the gas engine 10 via the exhaust gas heat exchanger 24.

However, in the heating operation, the four-way valve 15 is switched as shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. 1, whereby the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 14 flows into the indoor unit 36 and functions as a condenser. Condensed in the heat exchanger (19), heating is achieved by the heat of condensation discharged into the room air. The refrigerant in the condensed liquid state is reduced in the state of low temperature and low pressure while passing through the heating expansion valve 17, and then flows into the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 which functions as an evaporator and starts to evaporate.

On the other hand, since the temperature of the outside air is usually low in the winter during the heating operation, accordingly, to lower the evaporation temperature, the power required for the compressor increases, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the heat pump cycle. It is used as a heat source of evaporation of refrigerant. That is, in the heating operation, the engine coolant cooling the gas engine 10 is led to the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 by the engine coolant three-way valve 21, and passes through the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 to the auxiliary heat exchanger 25. The refrigerant flowed in is heated and evaporated.

As such, the refrigerant evaporated while passing through the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 in turn passes through the accumulator 20, and only the refrigerant in the gaseous state is sucked into the compressor 14 to form a heat pump cycle continuously. do.

In the conventional refrigerant circulation system 1 shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant must pass through the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 at the time of cooling operation and also in the cooling operation in which the refrigerant is not required to be heated in the auxiliary heat exchanger 25. 14, it is comprised so that it may be inhaled. When the refrigerant passes through a heat exchanger such as the auxiliary heat exchanger 25, a pressure loss inevitably occurs, so that the suction pressure is lowered and the specific volume of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 14 becomes larger, and when the specific volume becomes larger, the same as the volumetric compressor When the volume flow rate is constant at the rotational speed, the amount of refrigerant circulation decreases to decrease the cooling capacity. Therefore, in order to maintain the cooling capacity, the amount of refrigerant circulation must be secured by increasing the rotational speed of the compressor. Therefore, the increase in the rotational speed of the compressor means an increase in the power of the compressor has caused a problem that the performance coefficient is lowered.

In addition, since the refrigerant sucked into the compressor must be sucked in the gas state to increase the reliability of the compressor, only the refrigerant in the gas state should be sucked into the compressor by installing an accumulator, but the liquid refrigerant is accumulator due to an abnormal phenomenon such as a sudden change in the indoor load. There is a problem that the risk of the liquid refrigerant is introduced into the compressor is increased as the amount introduced to the.

The present invention made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above is a gas engine cooling and heating device having a heat exchanger integrated accumulator that can improve the grade coefficient during cooling by configuring the refrigerant system to avoid a decrease in suction pressure of the refrigerant The purpose is to provide.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a gas engine heating and cooling device having an accumulator integrated with a heat exchanger which prevents liquid refrigerant from flowing into the compressor.

In order to achieve the above objects, in the present invention, the compressor operating by the driving force of the gas engine to compress the refrigerant, the four-way valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant from the compressor, and during the heat exchange the refrigerant supplied from the compressor An outdoor unit heat exchanger for liquefying and heating during evaporation of the refrigerant from the indoor unit heat exchanger, an auxiliary evaporator installed to heat the refrigerant on an engine coolant circulation system for cooling the engine, and an outdoor unit including an accumulator; Including an indoor heat exchanger and an expansion valve, an indoor unit that acts as an evaporator for cooling and a condenser for heating, and is configured to evaporate refrigerant sequentially by using an outdoor unit heat exchanger and an auxiliary evaporator during heating operation. In the apparatus,

The present invention provides a gas engine heating and cooling device having a heat exchanger-integrated accumulator, in which an auxiliary heat exchanger is mounted inside an accumulator in order to exclude a pressure drop existing in a refrigerant system and to improve heat exchange performance.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger is preferably formed spirally to surround the discharge portion of the accumulator, it is preferable that a plurality of cooling fins extending in the vertical direction is attached to the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger.

In addition, in the present invention, the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger is formed in a rectangular cross section to surround the discharge part of the accumulator, and it is preferable that a plurality of cooling fins are installed in the heat exchanger tube extending in the vertical direction.

The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments.

2 is a view illustrating a fluid circulation system of a gas engine heating and cooling apparatus including a heat exchanger integrated accumulator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the refrigerant circulation system 1 proposed by the present invention is equipped with an auxiliary heat exchanger 25 inside the accumulator 20 to eliminate the pressure drop element present in the refrigerant circulation system 1. It was configured to be. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the tube 25a of the auxiliary heat exchanger through which the engine coolant flows is formed in a spiral structure surrounding the discharge portion 20a of the accumulator 20 to form an inside of the spiral tube 25a of the heat exchanger. The heat exchange is performed between the flowing cooling water and the refrigerant flowing in the accumulator 20.

Therefore, the heat exchange performance between the engine cooling water flowing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 and the refrigerant flowing in the accumulator 20 is increased.

Thus, during the heating operation, the refrigerant is sucked into the accumulator 20 in the same manner as in the related art, and the heat exchanger is heat-exchanged by the engine cooling water in the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 to evaporate, and even during the cooling operation, the accumulator ( 20) is directed to the side.

The operation of the gas engine heating and cooling apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

During the heating operation, when the four-way valve 15 is switched as shown by the dashed arrow, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 14 driven by the gas engine 10 accordingly passes the indoor unit 36 along the path of the dotted arrow. It is sent to the side, while the refrigerant is condensed in the indoor unit heat exchanger (19), which is a condenser, by heating the condensation heat to the indoor air.

Subsequently, the refrigerant sent back to the outdoor unit 37 in a liquid state is decompressed by the heating expansion valve 17 and then flows into the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16, which is an evaporator, at a low temperature and low pressure, and from the outdoor unit in the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16. The endothermic refrigerant is led to the accumulator 20 on which the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 is mounted along the path indicated by the dotted arrow via the four-way valve 15.

On the other hand, in the engine coolant circulation system 2, the engine coolant whose temperature is raised by cooling the gas engine 10 is led to the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 by the engine coolant three-way valve 21. Therefore, after the refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the high temperature engine cooling water in the auxiliary heat exchanger 25, the refrigerant is introduced into the accumulator 20. Only the gaseous refrigerant from the accumulator 20 is sucked into the compressor 14 and compressed to form a heat pump cycle, and heating is continuously performed.

In addition, during the cooling operation, the four-way valve 15 is switched like a solid arrow, and thus the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 14 is sent to the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 along the path of the solid arrow, and the outdoor unit heat exchanger, which is a condenser, is transferred. Condensation in the air (16) to release the heat of condensation to the outside air. The condensed refrigerant is sent to the indoor unit 36, depressurized by the indoor unit expansion valve 18, and then flowed into the indoor unit heat exchanger 19, which is an evaporator, so that the refrigerant having a low temperature and low pressure is absorbed from the indoor air in the indoor unit heat exchanger 19. Cooling is achieved while evaporating. After the evaporation process is completed, the refrigerant returned to the outdoor unit 37 is sent to the accumulator 20 equipped with the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 along the path indicated by the solid arrow through the four-way valve 15.

In this way, since the refrigerant only needs to pass through the accumulator 20 during the cooling operation, it is possible to avoid the pressure drop generated while passing through the normal auxiliary heat exchanger. The gaseous refrigerant passing through the accumulator is sucked into the compressor and compressed to form a refrigeration cycle and provide continuous cooling.

Next, a modified embodiment of the gas engine heating and cooling apparatus of the present invention will be described.

4 shows an improved accumulator 20 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an engine coolant flows from the bottom portion of the accumulator 20 into the tube 25a of the auxiliary heat exchanger and goes from bottom to top. A plurality of cooling fins are formed around the tube 25a of the circular curved portion to increase the heat exchange performance, while forming a shape that surrounds the discharge portion 20a of the accumulator 20 in a circular curved structure to increase the area. The inner peripheral surface of the cooling fin 25b and the outer peripheral surface of the tube 25a of the auxiliary heat exchanger 25 are attached to each other so that the cooling water is circulated from the lower part to the upper part, thereby operating in the same function as the first embodiment. Do it.

5 shows an improved accumulator 20 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In order to increase the heat exchange performance of the subsidiary heat exchanger 25 and to facilitate manufacturing, the tube 25a of the subsidiary heat exchanger 25 may be bent to form a rectangular shape, and a plurality of tubes may be in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the heat exchange tube 25a. The cooling fins 25b are attached and arranged around the discharge portion 20a of the accumulator 20, and the cooling water is circulated from the bottom to the top to operate in the same function as the first embodiment. Such a structure can improve heat exchange performance.

As described above, according to the gas engine air-conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, during the heating operation, the pressure drop element of the refrigerant circulation passage while recovering the arrangement of the engine from the cooling water to the refrigerant side in the auxiliary heat exchanger to secure heating capability without degrading performance. Increase the efficiency of the air conditioner by increasing the efficiency of the air conditioner, and during the cooling operation, only the accumulator passes through the accumulator, thereby avoiding the pressure drop caused by passing the auxiliary heat exchanger unnecessarily. As a result, the cooling coefficient improves the coefficient of performance compared to the conventional method.

Thus, according to the gas engine air-conditioning apparatus of this invention, the liquid refrigerant inflow into a compressor can be prevented effectively.

In addition, since the heat exchange performance is improved by the cooling fins of the heat exchange tube provided in the accumulator, the operating performance of the entire apparatus can be improved.

Claims (4)

A compressor operating by the driving force of the gas engine to compress the refrigerant, a four-way valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant from the compressor, liquefying the refrigerant supplied from the compressor through heat exchange when cooling, and an indoor unit when heating. An outdoor unit heat exchanger for evaporating the refrigerant from the heat exchanger, an auxiliary heat exchanger installed to heat the refrigerant on an engine cooling water circulation system for cooling the engine, and an outdoor unit including an accumulator; Including an indoor heat exchanger and an expansion valve, and comprises an indoor unit that acts as an evaporator during cooling and a condenser when heating, In the gas engine cooling and heating device configured to evaporate the refrigerant sequentially by using the outdoor unit heat exchanger and the auxiliary heat exchanger during heating operation, A secondary heat exchanger is mounted inside the accumulator to eliminate the pressure drop present in the refrigerant system and to improve heat exchange performance. And a tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger is spirally formed to surround the discharge part of the accumulator. delete The gas engine heating and heating device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cooling fins extending in the vertical direction are attached to the tubes of the auxiliary heat exchanger. The gas engine having a heat exchanger integrated accumulator according to claim 1, wherein the tube of the auxiliary heat exchanger is formed in a rectangular cross section, and the plurality of cooling fins extending in the vertical direction are mounted on the auxiliary heat exchanger tube. Air conditioning unit.

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