KR100538296B1 - Liquid Crystal Display Applied Reflective and Transmissive - Google Patents
Liquid Crystal Display Applied Reflective and Transmissive Download PDFInfo
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- KR100538296B1 KR100538296B1 KR1019980055268A KR19980055268A KR100538296B1 KR 100538296 B1 KR100538296 B1 KR 100538296B1 KR 1019980055268 A KR1019980055268 A KR 1019980055268A KR 19980055268 A KR19980055268 A KR 19980055268A KR 100538296 B1 KR100538296 B1 KR 100538296B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
- G02F1/133555—Transflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134336—Matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
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Abstract
박막 트랜지스터 기판에 ITO로 이루어진 제1 화소 전극을 형성하고, 제1 화소 전극을 노출시키는 투과구를 가지는 제2 화소 전극을 알루미늄 등으로 제1 화소 전극과 중첩시켜 형성하고, 박막 트랜지스터 기판의 하부에 초점이 투과구에 맺히도록 형성되어 있는 볼록 렌즈를 가지는 렌즈판을 배치한다. 이렇게 하면, 반사형과 투과형을 동시에 적용하여 소비 전력이 작고 외부의 밝기에 구애받지 않는 액정 표시 장치를 제조할 수 있다.A first pixel electrode made of ITO is formed on the thin film transistor substrate, and a second pixel electrode having a transmission hole exposing the first pixel electrode is formed by overlapping the first pixel electrode with aluminum or the like, and is formed below the thin film transistor substrate. The lens plate having the convex lens is formed so that the focal point is formed in the transmission hole. In this way, a liquid crystal display device having low power consumption and independent of external brightness can be manufactured by simultaneously applying a reflection type and a transmission type.
Description
본 발명은 액정 표시 장치에 관한 것으로서, 더 상세하게는 반사형과 투과형을 동시에 적용한 액정 표시 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device in which a reflection type and a transmission type are simultaneously applied.
액정 표시 장치는 컬러 필터, 블랙 매트릭스 및 공통 전극 등이 형성되어 있는 상부 기판과 박막 트랜지스터와 화소 전극이 형성되어 있는 하부 기판의 사이에 액정 물질을 주입하고 공통 전극과 화소 전극 사이에 전압을 인가함으로써 액정 분자의 배열을 변경시켜 빛의 투과 정도를 조절하는 방식으로 화상을 표현하는 장치이다. 이러한 액정 표시 장치에는 백 라이트(back light)를 광원으로 하여 투명한 화소 전극을 투과시켜 화상을 표시하는 방식과 외부의 빛을 광원으로 하여 화소 전극에서 빛을 반사시켜 화상을 표시하는 방식이 있다. A liquid crystal display device injects a liquid crystal material between an upper substrate on which a color filter, a black matrix, a common electrode, and the like are formed, a thin film transistor, and a lower substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed, and applies a voltage between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. The device expresses an image by changing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules to control the degree of transmission of light. Such a liquid crystal display includes a method of displaying an image by transmitting a transparent pixel electrode using a back light as a light source and a method of displaying an image by reflecting light from the pixel electrode using an external light as a light source.
그런데 백 라이트를 사용하는 투과형 액정 표시 장치는 소비 전력이 큰 문제점이 있고, 외부의 빛을 광원으로 하는 반사형 액정 표시 장치는 외부가 어두울 때는 사용할 수 없는 문제점이 있다.However, a transmissive liquid crystal display device using a backlight has a problem of large power consumption, and a reflective liquid crystal display device using external light as a light source cannot be used when the outside is dark.
본 발명이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 반사형과 투과형을 동시에 적용한 액정 표시 장치에 관한 것이다.The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a reflection type and a transmission type are simultaneously applied.
이러한 과제를 해결하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 화소 전극을 투명한 제1 화소 전극과 제1 화소 전극을 노출시키는 투과구를 가지며 빛을 반사시키는 물질로 이루어진 제2 전극을 중첩시켜 형성한다.In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, the pixel electrode is formed by overlapping a transparent first pixel electrode and a second electrode made of a material that reflects light and has a transparent opening exposing the first pixel electrode.
구체적으로는, 제1 화소 전극을 제1 기판 위에 형성하고, 제1 화소 전극을 노출시키는 투과구를 가지며 빛을 반사시키는 물질로 이루어진 제2 화소 전극을 제1 화소 전극과 중첩되도록 형성하고, 제2 기판을 제1 기판과 마주보도록 배치하고, 액정 물질을 제1 기판과 제2 기판의 사이에 주입하여 액정 표시 장치를 제조한다.Specifically, the first pixel electrode is formed on the first substrate, and the second pixel electrode made of a material reflecting light and having a transmission hole for exposing the first pixel electrode is formed to overlap the first pixel electrode. The second substrate is disposed to face the first substrate, and a liquid crystal material is injected between the first substrate and the second substrate to manufacture a liquid crystal display device.
이 때, 제1 기판 하부에 위치되어 있으며 볼록 렌즈가 형성되어 있는 렌즈판을 더 포함할 수 있고, 볼록 렌즈는 초점이 투과구에 맺히도록 형성할 수 있다.In this case, the lens substrate may further include a lens plate positioned below the first substrate and having a convex lens formed therein, and the convex lens may be formed such that a focal point is formed in the transmission hole.
그러면 도면을 참고로 하여 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 액정 표시 장치에 대하여 설명한다.Next, a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 액정 표시 장치용 박막 트랜지스터 기판의 배치도이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 액정 표시 장치의 단면도이다.1 is a layout view of a thin film transistor substrate for a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
먼저, 박막 트랜지스터 기판은 절연 기판(10) 위에 가로 방향으로 게이트선(11)과 유지 용량선(12)이 형성되어 있고, 게이트선(11)과 유지 용량선(12)의 위에 게이트 절연막(13)이 형성되어 있으며, 게이트 절연막(13)의 위에는 데이터선(14)이 세로 방향으로 형성되어 있어서 게이트선(11) 및 유지 용량선(12)과 절연되어 교차하고 있다. 또, 게이트선(11)의 일부인 게이트 전극 상부의 게이트 절연막(13) 위에는 반도체층(18)이 형성되어 있고, 반도체층(18)의 위에는 데이터선(14)과 연결되어 있는 소스 전극(141)과 소스 전극(141)의 대향 전극인 드레인 전극(142)이 형성되어 있다. 데이터선(14) 등의 위에는 보호막(15)이 형성되어 있고, 보호막 위에는 ITO(indium tin oxide) 등으로 이루어진 투명한 제1 화소 전극(16)이 형성되어 있고, 제1 화소 전극(16)의 위에는 알루미늄 또는 그 합금 등 빛을 잘 반사시키는 물질로 이루어진 제2 화소 전극(17)이 형성되어 있다. 제2 화소 전극(17)은 반사율을 높이고 시야각을 좋게 하기 위하여 표면이 요철을 이루도록 형성한다. 이 때, 제2 화소 전극(17)에는 제1 화소 전극(16)을 노출시키는 투과구(41)가 형성되어 있다. 도면에는 투과구(41)가 1개로 나타나 있으나 필요에 따라서는 더 많은 수로 형성할 수도 있다. 또, 도면에는 제1 화소 전극(16)이 제2 화소 전극(17)보다 작게 나타나 있으나 두 화소 전극(16, 17)을 같은 크기로 형성할 수도 있다. 화소 전극(16, 17)은 보호막(15)에 형성되어 있는 접촉구(151)를 통하여 드레인 전극(142)과 연결되어 있다.First, in the thin film transistor substrate, the gate line 11 and the storage capacitor line 12 are formed in the horizontal direction on the insulating substrate 10, and the gate insulating layer 13 is disposed on the gate line 11 and the storage capacitor line 12. ) Is formed, and the data line 14 is formed in the vertical direction on the gate insulating film 13, and is insulated from and intersected with the gate line 11 and the storage capacitor line 12. The semiconductor layer 18 is formed on the gate insulating film 13 on the gate electrode which is a part of the gate line 11, and the source electrode 141 connected to the data line 14 on the semiconductor layer 18. And a drain electrode 142 which is a counter electrode of the source electrode 141 is formed. A passivation layer 15 is formed on the data line 14 and the like, and a transparent first pixel electrode 16 made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or the like is formed on the passivation layer, and on the first pixel electrode 16. A second pixel electrode 17 made of a material that reflects light well such as aluminum or an alloy thereof is formed. The second pixel electrode 17 is formed such that its surface is concave-convex in order to increase the reflectance and improve the viewing angle. At this time, the second pixel electrode 17 is formed with a transmission hole 41 exposing the first pixel electrode 16. Although one permeation hole 41 is shown in the figure, it may be formed in a larger number as necessary. In addition, although the first pixel electrode 16 is smaller than the second pixel electrode 17 in the drawing, the two pixel electrodes 16 and 17 may have the same size. The pixel electrodes 16 and 17 are connected to the drain electrode 142 through the contact hole 151 formed in the passivation layer 15.
본 발명에 따른 액정 표시 장치는 박막 트랜지스터 기판(10)과 하측면에 컬러 필터(21)와 블랙 매트릭스(22)가 형성되어 있고, 컬러 필터(21)와 블랙 매트릭스(22)의 아래에 공통 전극(23)이 형성되어 있는 상부 기판(20) 사이에 액정 물질(80)이 주입되어 있다. 상부 기판(20)의 위에는 확산판(60), 보상판(70) 및 상부 편광판(32)이 차례로 부착되어 있고, 박막 트랜지스터 기판(10)의 아래에는 하부 편광판(31), 렌즈판(40) 및 백 라이트판(50)이 차례로 부착되어 있다. 이 때, 렌즈판(40)에는 볼록 렌즈(41)가 형성되어 있는데, 볼록 렌즈(41)의 초점은 제2 화소 전극(17)에 형성되어 있는 투과구(41)에서 맺히도록 되어 있다. 또, 액정 표시 장치 외부에 감광 센서(도시하지 않음)를 설치하여 외부가 밝을 때는 백 라이트의 빛을 약하게 하고, 외부가 어두울 때는 백 라이트의 빛을 강하게 자동으로 조절되도록 할 수 있다. 또는 스위치 등을 이용하여 수동으로 백 라이트의 빛의 세기를 조절할 수 있도록 한다.In the liquid crystal display according to the present invention, the color filter 21 and the black matrix 22 are formed on the thin film transistor substrate 10 and the lower side, and the common electrode under the color filter 21 and the black matrix 22. The liquid crystal material 80 is injected between the upper substrates 20 on which the 23 is formed. The diffusion plate 60, the compensation plate 70, and the upper polarizer 32 are sequentially attached to the upper substrate 20, and the lower polarizer 31 and the lens plate 40 are disposed below the thin film transistor substrate 10. And the backlight plate 50 are attached in this order. At this time, the convex lens 41 is formed in the lens plate 40, and the focus of the convex lens 41 is formed at the transmission hole 41 formed in the second pixel electrode 17. In addition, a photosensitive sensor (not shown) may be provided outside the liquid crystal display to weaken the light of the backlight when the outside is bright and to automatically adjust the light of the backlight when the outside is dark. Or use a switch to manually adjust the light intensity of the backlight.
이렇게 하면, 외부가 밝을 때는 백 라이트를 끄고 반사형 액정 표시 장치로서 사용하고 외부가 어두울 때는 백 라이트를 켜서 투과형 액정 표시 장치로 사용할 수 있어서 전력 소비를 줄이고 외부의 밝기에 무관하게 액정 표시 장치를 사용할 수 있다.In this way, the backlight is turned off when the outside is bright and used as a reflective liquid crystal display, and when the outside is dark, the backlight can be turned on and used as a transmissive liquid crystal display, reducing the power consumption and using the liquid crystal display regardless of the external brightness. Can be.
반사형과 투과형을 동시에 적용하여 소비 전력이 작고 외부의 밝기에 구애받지 않는 액정 표시 장치를 제공할 수 있다.By applying the reflection type and the transmission type at the same time, a liquid crystal display device having low power consumption and independent of external brightness can be provided.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 액정 표시 장치용 박막 트랜지스터 기판의 배치도이고,1 is a layout view of a thin film transistor substrate for a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 액정 표시 장치의 단면도이다.2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
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JPS58211739A (en) * | 1982-06-03 | 1983-12-09 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal display |
JPS5917530A (en) * | 1982-07-22 | 1984-01-28 | Toshiba Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
KR960029837A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-08-17 | 김광호 | Reflective and transmissive liquid crystal display using color reflecting film and manufacturing method thereof |
KR19980070615A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-10-26 | 야스카와히데아키 | Liquid crystal device and electronic device |
KR19980028433A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-07-15 | 김광호 | Transmissive / Reflective Liquid Crystal Display |
JPH11109417A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-23 | Sharp Corp | Active matrix type liquid crystal display device |
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KR20000039813A (en) | 2000-07-05 |
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