KR100460463B1 - A garden type wastewater treatment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a garden type wastewater treatment plant, which is able to perform a stable advanced treatment of the wastewater and minimize a required site. CONSTITUTION: The plant comprises an upflow multi-layer biological reactor (1) that removes organic materials, nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater by using microorganisms and concentrate sludge therefrom, a garden type aerobic wet land (2) that includes a gravel and artificial carrier layer (10), a sand layer (9) and emerged plant (7) planted on a surface layer of the wet land to perform a nitrification/phosphorous adsorption/remaining organic material removing action of the treated water discharged from the upflow multi-layer biological reactor and a treated water tank (3) that returns the treated water discharged from the aerobic wet land to the upflow multi-layer biological reactor by using a return pump (11).

Description

A garden type wastewater treatment plant

The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for highly purifying domestic sewage discharged from homes, rest areas or military bases, and sewage and wastewater from villages, and more specifically, an upflow bioreactor and a garden type natural purification treatment system. The present invention relates to an advanced garden type sewage and wastewater treatment system that can efficiently remove various suspended solids, nitrogen, and phosphorus contained in domestic sewage and village sewage and wastewater.

The Ministry of Environment is expanding the sewage treatment facilities for farming and fishing villages to improve the living environment of farming and fishing villages and to prevent water pollution from the early stage. However, the sewage treatment facilities at the village level are scattered locally, so the efficiency of facility operation and management is quite low. Therefore, voluntary participation of local residents in the operation of facilities is required for the successful implementation of the improvement project. However, most of the sewage treatment facilities installed in villages have complex sewage treatment processes and difficult operation of the system. It is being disturbed.

For this reason, the natural purification treatment method has recently been in the spotlight for the low maintenance cost of sewage treatment facilities, simple operation, environmental friendliness, and voluntary participation and monitoring activities of local residents.

The natural purification treatment method is ① artificial ecological pond type (stabilization) treatment method using a side leaf plant such as filamentous algae mat (water hyacinth) and ② artificial wetland type using water plants such as reeds, plants or buttercups Treatment method;

Among these, artificial wetland treatment methods are subdivided into surface type wetland treatment method and infiltration type wetland treatment method. Natural purification treatment method widely used in Korea is soil / water treatment system (rock / emergent plant treatment) Infiltration type wetland treatment method using plants.

While this natural purification treatment has economic advantages in terms of operation and maintenance, it has a disadvantage that it takes more than 7 times more sites than other processes in terms of initial investment cost, and in particular, the following limitations in terms of treatment efficiency of sewage and wastewater have. In other words, most of the natural purification treatments have excellent organic and phosphorus removal rates but low nitrogen removal rates, making them unsuitable for advanced treatment methods. The most commonly used infiltration type wetland treatment methods are sand, gravel, and artificial due to the inflow of suspended solids. There is a high possibility that the purification efficiency is reduced due to clogging of the pores of the filter layer (sedimentation layer) composed of a carrier and the like, and odors are generated due to the decay of the suspended solids deposited on the filter layer, and there is a high possibility of infestation of various harmful insects. have. In particular, since about 30% of inorganic suspended solids that are not biodegradable are present in sewage and sewage, the above-mentioned blockage of the filtration layer may cause serious problems during long-term operation of the sewage treatment plant.

An object of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly sewage and wastewater treatment system capable of improving and supplementing the deficiencies of the conventional natural purification treatment method, enabling stable altitude treatment and minimizing required sites.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a garden type sewage, wastewater advanced treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates a vent pipe structure embedded in the aerobic wetland bottom of FIG. 1.

3 shows the structure of the distribution pipe of FIG.

[Description of Drawing Reference]

Upstream bioreactor, aerobic wetland,

3 treatment tank, 4 ecological pond,

5 ... surplus sludge drawing pump, 6 ... distribution pipe,

7 water plants, 8 pipes,

9 ... sand, 10 ... gravel and artificial carriers,

11 ... treated water return pump, 12 ...

13, sludge level detector, 14 ...

15 ... treated water passages, 16 ... treated water and air passages,

21 ... outlet, 22 ... sediment discharge means.

In the garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the water treatment apparatus for highly purifying sewage and wastewater, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage and wastewater are removed by microorganisms, and sludge is concentrated. Upflow bioreactor; Aerobic, aerobic, garden, in which a sand layer is deposited on the gravel and artificial carrier layers and purified water is planted on the surface of the treated water discharged from the upflow bioreactor to further perform nitrification / phosphorption / residual organic matter removal. marsh; And a treatment tank in which the treated water discharged from the aerobic wetland is returned back to the upstream bioreactor by a transfer pump.

Preferably, any one material selected from the group consisting of coal ash / shale / loess or phosphorus removal artificial carrier made by mixing at least two or more materials is included in the gravel and artificial carrier layer, ② the ornamental ecological pond is the treatment tank It is additionally installed downstream, and ③ a distribution pipe for evenly spraying the treated water discharged from the upstream bioreactor on the sand layer, and a vent pipe through which the treated water passed through the sand layer / gravel and artificial carrier layer flows to the treated water tank. To be installed on.

As described above, in the present invention, an upflow bioreactor installed in front of an aerobic wetland is used as a primary sedimentation basin, a denitrification tank, and a sludge concentration tank.

In addition, the nitrified treated water (effluent) in the aerobic wetland, which is a kind of natural purification facility, is returned back to the upflow bioreactor to induce denitrification of the treated water and to block the phenomenon of the conventional filter layer (sand layer and artificial carrier layer). Induced inorganic suspended solids are precipitated in the upflow bioreactor, and only degradable organic suspended solids with a content of 10-30 mg / l or less overflow into the aerobic wetland.

According to this configuration, since more than 90% of organic matter is removed from the upstream bioreactor, the aerobic wetland is used only for nitrification and adsorption tanks, and as a result, the residence time of the treated water is significantly shortened, which is 50% higher than that of the conventional natural purification process. The above site reduction is possible. In particular, in the case of sewage treatment facilities installed in villages, aerobic wetlands can be provided in the form of gardens to provide a resting place for local residents, as well as induce voluntary participation of local residents.

In addition, the present invention can improve the adhesion rate and phosphorus removal rate of microorganisms by producing artificial carriers from recycled waste capable of phosphorus adsorption and natural materials (coal ash, shale, loess, etc.).

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a garden type sewage, wastewater advanced treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

1 is a view showing an embodiment of a garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a ventilation structure embedded in the aerobic wetland bottom of FIG. 1, and FIG. It shows the structure of distribution piping.

As shown in the drawing, the upstream bioreactor (1) used as the primary sedimentation tank, denitrification tank, and sludge thickening tank in the garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus of the present invention separates the sludge layer and the supernatant layer, so that only the supernatant is an aerobic wetland ( And the treated water discharged from the aerobic wetland 2, ie, the nitrified effluent, is returned to the upstream bioreactor 1 by the treated water return pump 11 installed in the rear treated water tank 3). Is returned. As a result, organic matter in the treated water (influent) and nitrate nitrogen in the returned effluent are removed from the upflow bioreactor 1, and excess sludge and high specific gravity of inorganic suspended solids or solids are placed in the lower part of the upflow bioreactor. When the concentration is appropriate after the concentration is discharged to the outside by the excess sludge drawing pump (5). That is, when there is a sludge layer having a predetermined level or more in the upflow bioreactor 1, the excess sludge drawing pump 5 is automatically operated by the signal generated by the sludge level detector 13. Here, the upflow bioreactor 1 may have the same configuration as the upflow anaerobic reactor described in the applicant's registered patent No. 287412.

In this way, only 10-30 mg / l or less of biodegradable suspended solids are contained in the effluent discharged from the upflow bioreactor 1 to the aerobic wetland 2, so that these biodegradable substances are subjected to the aerobic wetland where subsequent processes are performed. Almost all of the suspended solids are decomposed to prevent clogging of the filter layer.

In the aerobic wetland (2), which is a natural purification facility, the nitrification function of oxidizing ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is mainly performed. In addition, the adsorption function and residual organic matter in the sand layer 9 and the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10 are performed. The remove function is performed. At this time, the treated water overflowed from the upstream bioreactor is evenly sprayed along the distribution pipe 6 installed on the sand layer.

Here, the sand layer 9 is made by depositing sand with a particle diameter of 2 to 5 mm to a depth of 30 to 50 cm, and removal of residual organic matter by microorganisms at the root portion of the purified plant 7 planted appropriately for the surface layer portion. And nitrification occurs. On the other hand, the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10 formed under the sand layer is made by filling the gravel and artificial carrier with a particle diameter of 10 to 30 mm to a depth of 50 to 70 cm.

On the other hand, in the present invention, in order to improve the adsorption of the sand layer, gravel and artificial carrier layer 10, fly ash or shale containing a large amount of Al ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ or CaO, etc. Alternatively, recycled wastes such as ocher and natural materials were combined with an inorganic adhesive and a polymer crosslinking agent to be molded into a particle size of 10 to 30 mm.

In FIG. 1, the vent pipe 8 installed at the lower part of the aerobic wetland 2 is a means for evenly supplying outside air to the sand layer 9 and the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10. Thus, air may be naturally supplied into the sand layer 9 and the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10 or may be forcibly supplied by a blower.

Figure 2 shows the configuration of the vent pipe (8) by way of the treated water flows along the treated water passage 15 in the lower portion of the tube through the treated water and the air passage 16 in the upper portion of the air It is good to make the size of the tube large enough to move between the sand layer 9 and the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10.

In addition, in the distribution pipe of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of outlets 21 are formed in the pipe wall so that the treated water can be evenly sprayed on the aerobic wetland, and the sediment discharge means for discharging the sediment inside the pipe to the outside ( 22) can be installed at one end in the form of opening and closing.

In this way, the treated water discharged from the aerobic wetland (2), ie nitrified effluent, is stored in the rear treated water tank (3), some of which are returned to the upstream bioreactor (1), and some of the landscape ecological pond It is natural in (4). Here, the ecological pond (4) can be planted in the deciduous plant (12), such as hyacinth (lotus), to remove the residual contaminants, loach (the loach that ingests the sediment under the ecological pond ( Misgurnus mizolepis) or ornamental fish 14 may be raised.

As described above, according to the garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus of the present invention, the economic advantages of the maintenance and management aspects of the conventional natural purification method can be maximized, and the problems of nitrogen removal rate and disadvantages requiring many sites can be overcome. That is, in the conventional natural purification method, a long residence time of about 10 days was required, but in the present invention, by adopting an upflow bioreactor, it is possible to perform highly advanced processing even at a short residence time of about 5 hours, thereby significantly reducing site requirements. It is.

In addition, by applying the upstream bioreactor used as the primary sedimentation tank, denitrification tank, and concentration tank, not only can the nitrogen removal rate be greatly improved, but also the odor resulting from the decay of the suspended solids by minimizing the load of the suspended solids entering the aerobic wetland. It is possible to suppress the occurrence and the habitat of harmful insects.

In addition, as the biodegradable inorganic suspended solids are precipitated / removed in the upflow bioreactor, the occlusion of the sand layer 9 and the gravel and artificial carrier layer 10 may be prevented.

In addition, there is an effect of improving the phosphorus removal rate and the removal of suspended substances in the sewage and waste water by the artificial carrier made of recycled waste such as coal ash or shale and natural materials.

In addition, when the land and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus according to the present invention is landscaped in the form of an environment-friendly garden, and provided as a resting place for local residents, voluntary participation of local residents in accordance with the treatment facility operation along with the strengthening of environmental awareness. Can be induced.

Claims (5)

In the water treatment device for high purification of sewage and wastewater, An upstream bioreactor in which organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage and wastewater are removed by the microorganism and the sludge is concentrated; Aerobic, aerobic, garden, in which a sand layer is deposited on the gravel and artificial carrier layers and purified water is planted on the surface of the treated water discharged from the upflow bioreactor to further perform nitrification / phosphorption / residual organic matter removal. marsh; And And a treatment tank discharged from the aerobic wetland back to the upstream bioreactor by a transfer pump. The method of claim 1, The gravel and artificial carrier layer, garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus, characterized in that the artificial carrier for removing phosphorus made by mixing any material or at least two or more materials selected from the group consisting of coal ash / shale / ocher. . The method according to claim 1 or 2, Downstream of the treatment tank, the garden type sewage and wastewater advanced treatment apparatus, characterized in that the tubular ecological pond is further installed. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The aerobic wetland is provided with a distribution pipe for evenly spraying the treated water discharged from the upstream bioreactor on the sand layer, and a vent pipe for flowing the treated water passing through the sand layer, the gravel and the artificial carrier layer toward the treatment tank is installed. Garden type sewage and wastewater treatment system. The method of claim 4, wherein The distribution pipe has a plurality of outlets for spreading the treated water evenly over the aerobic wetland, and the sewage discharge treatment device is characterized in that the sewage discharge means of the open and close form for discharging the internal sediment is installed at one end. .