KR100454427B1 - Harmful gas purifying apparatus and thereof method by using microwave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for purifying harmful gas emitted from an industrial facility such as a thermal power plant, a steelmaking facility, a boiler, a painting facility, an incinerator, and the like.

The present invention is supplied with a harmful gas and separated through the activated carbon as a catalyst to the toxic and harmless components, and the activated carbon separated by the separator adsorbed / collected by the harmful carbon charged from the high-frequency microwave from this A first purifier to purify and a second purifier which collects only harmful components such as ions, radicals and unreacted gases separated from activated carbon separately, and mixes / dilutes nitrogen gas therein to completely decompose harmful components again through high frequency microwaves. And a catalytic purifier for final purification of the fully purified component; Regenerated activated carbon from which noxious components are separated from the first purifier is recovered and recycled back to the separator, and at the same time, each purifier contains electrons contained in the noxious components by resonance and electromagnetic waves through a high frequency microwave having a frequency band of 40 kHz to 5 GHz. Excited to repeat the process to complete the decomposition several times to ensure that only harmful components are released into the atmosphere.

According to the present invention, the activated carbon can be recycled and recycled, the energy consumption is low, the size of the device can be reduced, and the number of devices can be easily changed by flexibly responding to the amount of hazardous gas treatment, thereby providing excellent response capability. .

Description

High-efficiency Hazardous Gas Purification System Using Microwave and Its Purification Method {HARMFUL GAS PURIFYING APPARATUS AND THEREOF METHOD BY USING MICROWAVE}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for purifying harmful gas emitted from an industrial facility such as a thermal power plant, a steelmaking facility, a boiler, a painting facility, an incinerator, and the like, in particular, by separately collecting only harmful gas primarily separated by a catalyst. The present invention relates to a purification apparatus configured to decompose and purify through microwaves, and a purification method thereof.

The recent rapid industrialization has led to the rapid use of fossil energy, causing a large amount of environmental (air) pollutants, causing serious environmental problems such as acid rain, global warming, ozone layer destruction and optical smog.

In particular, the thermal power plants and boilers, boilers, industrial plants, and nitrogen oxides discharged from automobile, such as painting equipment, steel plants, the incinerator (NO _X: the "Knox" referred to) and sulfur oxides (SO _X: the "socks" La Gas is a major cause of acid rain, and its emissions are increasing rapidly every year; Gases harmful to the human body, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs, hereinafter referred to as "voxes") and dioxins, are also rapidly increasing in proportion.

As awareness of this series of environmental pollution spreads, industrial facilities, etc., are inevitably regulated to have facilities that can handle the above-mentioned harmful gases, but most of these facilities contain industrial waste, dust, or harmful chemical gases. Equipped with a simple electrostatic precipitator for the removal or a technology level that can remove only a portion of the chemical gas.

As one of such situation recognition, Patent Publication No. 96-211112 [Method and Treatment of Electron Beam Irradiation Exhaust Gas Treatment] and Patent Publication No. 2000-9597 [Method and Apparatus for Purifying Hazardous Gases Using Gas Laser and Electron Beam] are disclosed. It has been.

In the former case, ammonia is added to the exhaust gas mainly containing sax or knox, and the electron beam is irradiated to convert the sax or knox into ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate. When used in the main reaction, a separate device for mixing ammonia with the exhaust gas is required. Also, when the electron beam does not act uniformly on the exhaust gas, unreacted ammonia is released into the atmosphere, it causes another air pollution. Overlooked.

In the latter case, it is a device that reduces harmful gas by irradiating gas laser and electron beam in the exhaust passage of harmful gas.It consists of a high frequency high pressure generating unit and a device that supplies high frequency high pressure to the electron beam pole in the exhaust passage of harmful gas. Gas and laser beams are irradiated from the cell and electron beam poles to excite the sax or the knox, which is similarly effective. However, in the case of a large amount of harmful gases, there is a high possibility of unreacted gas remaining and excessive power during long operation. There is a disadvantage to be consumed.

The present invention was created in order to effectively improve this in consideration of the limitations of the prior art as described above, by using a material such as activated carbon having excellent adsorption rate as a catalyst, and at the same time by using the resonance phenomenon of the electromagnetic field, It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency harmful gas purification device and a purification method using microwaves by which the components are concentrated and decomposed a plurality of times so that efficient purification can be easily performed without requiring complicated facilities or excessive power.

1 is a schematic structural block diagram of a purification apparatus according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic internal structure diagram of a first purifier constituting the purifying apparatus according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic internal structure of a second purifier constituting the purifying apparatus according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

14 separator 16 activated carbon collector

18: blower 26: first purifier

28: first voltage generator 30: renewable activated carbon collector

36: second purifier 38: second voltage generator

40 catalyst purifier 42 vacuum pump

The purifying device of the present invention comprises: a separator for firstly decomposing the supplied noxious gas into harmful and harmless components through a catalytic means; A collecting gas for collecting a catalyst including a harmful component which is discharged into the atmosphere and which contains a harmful gas decomposed through the separator; A blower for forcibly transporting a catalyst including harmful components collected in the collector; A first purifier for purifying the transferred catalyst; A first voltage generator applying high frequency to the first purifier; A second purifier for re-decomposing the undecomposed gas having undecomposed harmful components secondary purified through the first purifier; A second voltage generator for applying a high frequency to the second purifier; A catalytic purifier for purifying the air purified through the second purifier once again; And a regeneration catalyst collector for collecting the catalyst dropped upon decomposition in the first purifier and feeding it back to the separator.

The catalyst used in the present invention is particularly preferably activated carbon having a high adsorption rate and high activation energy.

In addition, activated carbon has excellent electron absorption and radiation power.

In the first and second purifiers of the present invention, a separate tube through which the catalyst can flow through the cylindrical member is disposed, and the waveguide connected to the terminals of the first and second voltage generators is spirally wound along the outer circumference of the tube. It is an excreted structure.

The first and second voltage generators promote a radical reaction by exciting electrons in a specific atomic group to dissociate the exhaust gas components, that is, a microwave having excellent electron excitation force for the required electrochemical reaction. .

In particular, the microwave is suitable for the present invention because it is possible to generate a high frequency even with low power consumption and the electromagnetic radiation and the resonance phenomenon.

In addition, the frequency band of the microwave is preferably a radio frequency band of 40 kHz to 5 GHz, because in this region, electrons and molecules can absorb and radiate electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths. This is because the ability to excite an electron is excellent.

Purification method of the present invention comprises the first step of purifying the catalyst by supplying harmful gas after filling the catalyst in the separator; Purifying the gas after the first purifying and injecting the catalyst including the unrefined harmful gas into the first purifier and applying the microwave at high frequency through the first voltage generator to purify the second gas; Separating the catalyst from the purge gas after the second purge to resupply the catalyst to the separator and to supply the purge gas to the second purifier; Tertiary purifying the secondary purge gas supplied to the second purifier by applying microwaves of high frequency through the second voltage generator; Transporting the third purified gas and finally purifying it in the catalytic purifier and then discharging it to the atmosphere.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing an embodiment of the present invention.

According to Figure 1, the purifying apparatus of the present invention is provided with a separator (14) consisting of a cylindrical double tube, the activated carbon supply hopper (12) is provided above the separator (14).

Activated carbon charged into the activated carbon supply hopper 12 is filled in a predetermined amount into the separator 14 by a quantitative cutting feeder (not shown).

A harmful gas supply port 10 is disposed in communication with the lower side of the separator 14, and harmful gas containing noxious components such as knox, sox, and vox generated from each industrial facility through the harmful gas supply port 10 is disposed. It is to be supplied into the separator 14.

An activated carbon collector 16 is installed below the separator 14, and a lower side of the activated carbon collector 16 is connected to a blower pipe 19 that is a passage forcibly blown by the blower 18.

On the blower pipe 19, a transfer valve 22 capable of adjusting the blower pressure and the blower amount is installed, and is also connected to the metering injector 24.

The metered dose injector 24 is a means for discharging and supplying activated carbon in a manner similar to the above-described quantitative feeder by weighing a certain amount of activated carbon by a control logic such as PLC.

In addition, a separate blower line 25 is disposed at one side of the metering injector 24, and is connected to the activated carbon supply hopper 12.

The first purifier 26 is installed below the metering dose injector 24.

In addition, a nitrogen supplier 21 is disposed at one side of the metered dose injector 24 to supply nitrogen gas to the metered dose injector 24 together with the contaminated activated carbon supplied through the blower pipe 19.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first purifier 26 forms a cylindrical double tube shape, and an activated carbon transport path 29 is formed in a longitudinal direction thereof, and a waveguide is formed on an outer circumference of the activated carbon transport path 29. 27) is wound in a spiral shape.

Both ends of the waveguide 27 are connected to the first voltage generator 28.

To this end, the waveguide 27 is preferably formed of a coaxial coil.

Preferably, the first voltage generator 28 is microwave, and the frequency band used is 40 kHz to 5 GHz, and experimentally 2.45 GHz is particularly preferable.

The regenerative activated carbon collector 30 is connected to the lower side of the first purifier 26.

In addition, the undecomposed gas transfer pipe 32 through which the gas purified by the microwave is transferred to the lower side of the first purifier 26, the undecomposed gas transfer pipe 32 is a second purifier ( 36).

In particular, the undecomposed gas transfer pipe 32 is arranged to be connected to the lower end of the second purifier 36 so that the undecomposed gas is installed to be supplied upside down from the lower side of the second purifier 36 toward the purification efficiency. It is preferable to excrete so as to double.

A second voltage generator 38, which is the same high frequency applying device as in the first purifier 26 described above, is installed in the second purifier 36 in the same manner, as shown in FIG.

A purge air transfer pipe 34 is disposed at an upper end of the second purifier 36, and the purge air transfer pipe 34 is connected to the catalytic purifier 40 which is the final purifier.

The catalyst purifier 40 is filled with a catalyst, the catalyst is a precious metal catalyst such as platinum, palladium, including activated carbon; Magnesium oxide; Any one selected from copper oxide and calcium aluminate supported on a carrier having a breathable structure having a honeycomb structure; It is preferable to select appropriately according to the components of the noxious gas.

On the other hand, a vacuum pump 42 is installed below the catalytic purifier 40, which is used when atmospheric pressure or high pressure is used when discharging the air decomposed and purified by the second purifier 36 into the atmosphere. This is to completely prevent the possibility of leaking directly into the atmosphere.

The purification device of the present invention having such a configuration is operated in the following manner.

Hazardous gases, including sox, knox, dioxins, and voxes, generated from industrial facilities, are supplied to the separator 14 through the harmful gas supply port 10.

At this time, in the separator 14, activated carbon having a very high adsorption rate is filled through the activated carbon supply hopper 12.

Accordingly, the activated carbon is primarily absorbed and collected by the harmful components contained in the harmful gas, most of the harmful components are collected in the activated carbon.

Purified air according to the collection of harmful components is discharged through the purge gas exhaust 20, and all the harmful components are collected by adsorption on activated carbon and transported to the activated carbon collector 16 installed under the separator 14 in a state of high pollution. It is piled up.

When the contaminated activated carbon accumulated in the activated carbon collector 16 reaches an appropriate level, the blower 18 is operated to transfer the activated carbon to the metering injector 24 along the blower pipe 19 to regenerate the contaminated activated carbon. It is prepared to separate the harmful components collected by adsorption.

When the activated carbon contaminated into the first purifier 26 is cut out and supplied through the quantitative injector 24, microwaves of high frequency are applied through the first voltage generator 28.

At this time, the polluted activated carbon absorbs and releases electrons, causing the harmful components adsorbed on the activated carbon to be excited and separating the activated carbon and the harmful components.

Most of the harmful components are due to the excitation of the electrons to break and recombine the chemical bonds constituting the harmful components,

For example nitrogen dioxide;

^{_{NO 2 --------> N + + 2O}} - + e ( where e)

Reaction occurs.

This reaction also occurs in the same way for the sax, carbon monoxide generated from hydrocarbon-based incomplete combustion, vox.

In this way, the activated carbon recovered through the separation and decomposition of the activated carbon and harmful components through the first purifier 26 is recovered to the activated carbon supply hopper 12 again by the flow of nitrogen gas supplied through the nitrogen supply 21. The process of filling a predetermined amount back to the separator 14 by the metering feeder is repeated.

On the other hand, most of the harmful components separated from the first purifier 26 is a state in which the molecular rings that make up most of the harmful components are broken by the high frequency resonance phenomenon, and some remain in the undecomposed state.

The ions, radicals and unreacted unreacted gas are transferred to the second purifier 36 through the unresolved gas transfer pipe 32 in a diluted state with nitrogen.

In the second purifier 36, the decomposing action of ions, radicals and undecomposed gas occurs by high frequency microwaves.

In other words, the following reactions of ions and radicals occur and are finally purified with a gas that is harmless to the human body.

N ⁺ + N ⁺ -------------> N ₂

^{O - + H + + H +} --------> H 2 O

^{C + + O - + O -} + E ----> CO 2

CO ^- + E -----------> CO ₂

The purified air through this process is transported to the catalytic purifier 40 through the purge air transfer pipe 34 by suction of the vacuum pump 42.

In this case, when the vacuum pump 42 is used, even if the second purifier 36 is subjected to normal pressure or high pressure, there is no risk of undissolved gas being immediately discharged into the atmosphere.

The catalytic purifier 40 has a chemical bond between sulfur and oxygen through the first and second purifiers 26 and 36, particularly in the case of sax, but in the case of sulfur, it may cause another air pollution if it is discharged into the air as it is. More preferably, it is packed to collect the catalyst which can remove sulfur intensively.

In addition, the reaction inside the first and second purifiers 26 and 36 causes intense collisions between molecules when high frequency is applied to a predetermined space (that is, using a dielectric heating method for harmful gases). The process is involved.

Experimental Example

Table 1 below shows the performance of the reduction efficiency of harmful components as an example of experiments according to the apparatus and method of the present invention.

The microwave frequency used was 2.45GHz, power consumption was 1400W, and the contaminated concentration was measured using a gas analyzer.

Analysis item Polluted Air Concentration Concentration after passing through the device of the present invention Reduction rate (%) Knox (NO _x ) 1500 PPM 75 PPM 95 Sox (SO _x ) 1500 PPM 150 PPM 90 Dioxin 1500 PPM 100 PPM 94 benzene 5000 PPM 100 PPM 98 toluene 5000 PPM 100 PPM 98 xylene 5000 PPM 100 PPM 98 Unburned Carbon (CO gas) 1000 PPM 80 PPM 92 Hydrocarbon (HC) 1000 PPM 100 PPM 90

As can be seen from Table 1, the purification method using the resonant phenomenon of activated carbon and electromagnetic wave according to the present invention has a lower energy consumption than the conventional catalyst method or a method using a catalyst and a plasma simultaneously, but the composition and amount of harmful gases As a result, the number of catalysts and purifiers used and the voltage applied can be easily changed, indicating a highly efficient and highly available purification method.

As described above in detail, the purifying apparatus and the purifying method of the present invention provide the following effects.

First, since activated carbon used as a catalyst can be regenerated and recycled, significant cost savings can be obtained.

Second, the energy consumption is small and the device can be miniaturized.

Third, the number of devices can be easily changed by flexibly responding to the amount of hazardous gas treatment, and excellent treatment capability.

Fourth, it can be easily installed and applied to large facilities such as power generation facilities, steelmaking facilities, incinerators and petrochemical production facilities.

Fifth, the energy saving effect is remarkably improved because the purifier is operated only when necessary according to the adsorption concentration of activated carbon.

Claims (10)

A separator for adsorbing / collecting and separating harmful gases containing sulfur oxides, nitric oxides, dioxins, and volatile organic compounds into harmful and harmless components through activated carbon; An activated carbon collector connected to the lower side of the separator to accommodate the polluted activated carbon separated by adsorption / capture of harmful components through the separator; A blower for transferring the activated carbon collected in the activated carbon collector to a metered dose injector; A first purifier that receives the contaminated activated carbon charged by the metering injector and applies high frequency microwaves to excite and decompose harmful components adsorbed / collected on the activated carbon; A regenerated activated carbon collector connected to the lower side of the first purifier and resupplying the activated carbon regenerated through the first purifier to the separator; It is installed in parallel with the regeneration activated carbon collector in the lower side of the first purifier, is formed in a cylindrical shape, there is a separate pipe through which the undecomposed gas flows in the longitudinal direction is disposed therein and the high-frequency microwave on the outer periphery of the pipe The waveguide formed by the coaxial coil connected to the ions purifies ions, radicals, and unreacted gas from the contaminated activated carbon, spirally wound and discharged with nitrogen, through a microwave in the same manner as in the first purifier. A second purifier; High efficiency harmful gas purification apparatus using a microwave, characterized in that it comprises a catalytic purifier connected to the second purifier and the final purifying the purified air through the second purifier. delete delete According to claim 1, The second purifier is characterized in that the undecomposed gas transfer pipe for guiding the ions, radicals, unreacted gas and nitrogen mixed gas discharged from the first purifier is arranged to supply from the lower side to the upper side. High efficiency hazardous gas purification device using microwave. According to claim 1, The microwave has a high efficiency harmful gas purification apparatus using a microwave, characterized in that having a frequency band of 40kHz ~ 5GHz. The high-efficiency harmful gas purification apparatus using microwaves according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum pump for purifying air is further installed below the catalytic purifier. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst charged in the catalytic purifier is any one selected from activated carbon, magnesium oxide, copper oxide, and calcium aluminate supported on a carrier having a breathable structure of a honeycomb structure. Gas purifier. An initial purifying step of charging a predetermined amount of activated carbon in the separator and then supplying harmful gas to adsorb and collect harmful components by the activated carbon; Exhausting the purified gas and metering the contaminated activated carbon including the unrefined harmful component into the first purifier to separate the harmful component from the contaminated activated carbon through a microwave at high frequency; Recovering and recycling recycled activated carbon from which harmful components are separated through the first purifier; Separating the separated harmful components with nitrogen gas and transferring them to a second purifier and collecting activated carbon separately; Decomposing harmful components again by applying microwaves of high frequency to the mixed gas supplied to the second purifier; High efficiency harmful gas purification method using a microwave comprising the step of transporting each of the decomposed components and the final purification through a catalytic purifier and discharged to the atmosphere. delete The method of claim 8, wherein the first and second purifiers use the microwaves to decompose harmful components through electromagnetic waves and resonance phenomena through high frequency microwaves.