KR100420630B1 - selector switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is characterized in that the fixed tap contactor is arranged in a horizontal plane with respect to each phase inside the insulating material cylinder, so that the tap transformer for switching without interrupting between regulating winding taps of the tap transformer is used. It relates to a selector switch.

In the insulating material cylinder, a rotatable switching shaft constituting the contact carrier is set for each switchable phase, and the contact carrier is mounted so as to be movable, and a vacuum switch cell is placed upright on the contact carrier. It is arranged in the vertical direction.

Description

Selector switch

Such a selector switch is already known from the patent document DE 3833126 C2 specification.

Selector switches have been used in transformers to balance voltage changes for a given purpose by under-loading switching regulating winding taps in the transformer.

The selector switch can be manufactured at low cost because the selector and the change-over switch can be omitted from the normal separation.

In the process of switching operation, the selector switch generates arcs at different contacts. In order to prevent such arc generation, the above-mentioned patent document DE 38 33 126 C2 describes the selector switch. In this selector switch, two mechanically movable switching contacts, which can simultaneously swing together in a switched phase, are set on a common contact carrier and for each of the two mechanically movable switching contacts. Vacuum switch cells are arranged in series on the contact carriers. Fixed tap contacts of the selector switch which can be switched to a rotatable mechanical switching contact. Is arranged on the concentric circles in the wall of the cylinder of insulating material.

The vacuum switch cell is arranged to be set in the horizontal direction on the contact carrier, and is disposed on another concentric circle and is disposed axially between the circle of the fixed tap contact and the additional wiper ring. It is controlled or operated by

These known selector switches have several drawbacks.

First, the vacuum switch cell is arranged in a horizontal direction on a common contact carrier so that the diameter of the cylinder made of insulating material and the selector switch carried by the insulating cylinder becomes undesirably large.

The vacuum switch cells have a minimum size determined by their switching powder (opening and closing capability), and in particular have a significant longitudinal extension.

Moreover, actuating plungers protrude longitudinally from the vacuum switch cell.

Therefore, it is necessary for the common contact carrier to have a radial extent given by the size of the vacuum switch cell and actuating means so that the entire diameter of the selector switch is set in that radial space. Obviously, ignoring these general size problems described above, and installing the vacuum switch cell horizontally by conventional techniques, a particular drawback is the vacuum cell bellows when filling the selector switch with oil. Air remains in the upper folds of the bellows and the air is not completely removed by oil filling. Due to this drawback, the corresponding vacuum cell when operating the vacuum switch cell Unbalance loading occurs in the bellows, causing the bellows to crack.

If residual air is thus retained in the area of the vacuum cell bellows, residual air can be reliably removed only by peeling the selector switch under vacuum in the horizontal arrangement.

However, such a vacuum peeling process cannot be realized in the field, for example, after various inspections, and can be realized only at an unacceptably large cost. In addition, the entire selector switch has a large size in the axial direction to the longitudinal direction. It is necessary to take into account that it normally has, i.e., it is necessary to consider the whole structure height. The switchable fixed tab contacts of phases that are switchable are arranged in a circular shape and overlapped vertically. The means for operating a rotatable switching shaft inside the selector switch supporting the carrier as the head of the selector switch and the means for setting this switching shaft at the base of the selector switch are identical. As the above-described method requires space, the entire selector switch has a considerable length in length. .

Due to this longitudinal size, the switching shaft described above is equally long in its interior.

Such switching shafts are usually manufactured from glass-fiber-reinforced plastic or other insulating materials, but metal switching shafts have also been proposed.

In the known selector switch, the contact carrier is fixed to the switching shaft by a fixing screw.

The patent document DE 44 14 941 C1 further describes a technical configuration for fixing the contact carrier to the switching shaft by means of a clamping flange.

Due to different tolerances, thermal expansion and bending of the oil container and the switching column (opening and closing of the switchgear), the known means of the selector switch are arranged in a circular manner and on each contactor carrier. There is a technical problem because the working plunger of the vacuum switch cell typically has only a relatively small working distance, especially when the components arranged in the whole, in particular the vacuum switch cell, cooperate.

The invention relates to 'for tapped transformors according to claim 1.

1 is a partial side cross-sectional view of a selector switch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the contact carrier of the selector switch of FIG.

3 is a partial side cross-sectional view of a selector switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

4 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit which constitutes the basis of the selector switch according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a circuit schematic of the circuit of FIG. 4.

6 is a representative switching time of the selector switch according to the present invention; Represents a switching sequence.

The present invention relates to a selector switch for a tower transformer. An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and to save space and to select a vacuum switch cell and to select a safe and reliable operation under any operating condition. To provide a switch.

This object can be achieved by a selector switch having the technical features of claim 1 of the present invention. The dependent claims of the present invention relate to particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention.

In the case of the selector switch according to the present invention, the vacuum switch cell is disposed vertically upright on the contact carrier. These contact carrier carriers are provided with wiper contacts, and are precisely driven by rollers in the output ring. Vacuum switch tubes are controlled by cams in this output ring.

Blade wiper contacts set in the contact carrier output current by the output ring.

The current can be supplied by another blade wiper contact of the contact carrier.

According to another configuration feature of the invention, the contact carriers are each arranged to be movable on the switching shaft.

A characteristic advantage of the selector switch according to the present invention is that in addition to making the dimensions smaller, the overall force and contact force for operating the vacuum switch cell are axially oriented in the oil container in which the output ring and the fixed contact are stable by the output ring and the fixed contact. This axial support reduces the radial loading of the switching column, in particular the control time variation and contact force of the vacuum switch cell occurring at its bending and its load. Is prevented.

The contact carrier set to be axially guided by the output ring and set to rotate or move axially, even when the tolerance between the oil container and the switching column and the deviation due to different thermal expansion are large. It ensures a switching sequence.

The invention is explained in more detail by means of an embodiment according to the accompanying drawings. The selector switch shown in FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the invention, the selector switch being able to rotate on a switching shaft 2. And a contact carrier (3) mounted so as to be capable of being mounted, and vacuum switch cells (27, 28) arranged perpendicularly to the contact carrier.

This structure will be described below in detail.

The selector switch is composed of one insulating material cylinder (1), and in the insulating material cylinder (1) is a switching shaft formed in the longitudinal direction from the center direction through the insulating material cylinder (1). (2) (preferably an insulating material switching shaft) is arranged. The switching shaft 2 is capable of rotating in a known manner, and for this purpose, Geneva wheels not shown in the drawings are usually used. Similarly, the mounting of the switching shaft 2 on the base of the insulating material cylinder 1 is also omitted in the drawing.

The switching shaft 2 supports the contact carrier 3, the contact carrier 3 on each plane of the fixed tap contact 16 which is operated to be described in more detail below. It is mounted so as to be rotatable to the switching shaft 2 in the bearing block 4. The bearing block 4 is fixed to the switching shaft 2 by screws 41 and 42.

The contact carrier 3 is composed of a bearing part 5, a carrier housing 6 and a contact housing 7. Each component of the contact carrier 3 is The contact housings 7 comprise the upper part of the contact housing 10 and the lower part of the contact housing 11 in the illustrated embodiment. The two parts are the other screws 12. The contact housings 7 can be integrally formed in the same manner. The bearing portion 5 has one bearing point 13, and in this bearing position a pin ( 14 is guided (through) to connect with the bearing block 4 for rotational movement. The pin 14 is fixed at a predetermined position by a cross pin 15.

This makes it possible for the entire contact carrier 3 to rotate about the switching shaft 2 which is fixed around and by the pin 14 as a complete assembly.

On the wall of the insulating material cylinder 1, a fixed tap contactor 16 is arranged in each plane for each switchable phase, and the fixed tap contactor is adjusted for the switchable tap transformer. These fixed tap contacts 16 are connected by their corresponding contacts 17, 18. These contacts 17, 18 are connected by a switching shaft and thereby As the contact carrier 3 rotates, one of the contacts 17, 18 reaches horizontally on the contact carrier such that one of the adjacent new fixed tap contacts 16 reaches and the other of these contacts leaves the preceding fixed tab contact before reaching. Are arranged next to each other in the direction. As such, one contactor 17 acts as a switching contact and accordingly one contactor 18 acts as a protective contact.

Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the two contacts 17 and 18 seen from above, which are adjacent to each other on the contact carrier 3 and cooperate with each of the fixed tab contacts 16. In the embodiment configuration shown in Fig. 2, as a switching contact, The working contact 17 is doubled because of the largest current-carrying capacity possible, ie it consists of two parts 17.a and 17.b which are electrically connected to each other. Is composed of a contact upper portion 17.1 or 18.1 and a lower contact portion 17.2 or 18.2, respectively. In the predetermined configuration of the switching contact shown in Fig. 2, the contact 17 is a total of four parts, namely two It is composed of contact upper portions 17.1a and 17.1b and two lower contact portions 17.2a and 17.2b. The double structure formation of the contactor 17 acting as a switching contactor is not necessary in the present invention. Effective in various embodiments.

The two contactors 17 and 18 respectively contact upper portions 17.1 and 18.1 and the lower contact portions 17.2 and 18.2 are arranged around the respective centers of rotation 19, 20, 21 and 22 of the contact housing 8. These parts are pressed by springs 23, 24, 25 and 26 so as to be closed to each other in the direction of the fixed tab contact 16 set between them in the connected state.

In other words, each of the contact upper portions 17.1 and 18.1 and each of the lower contact portions 17.2 and 18.2 corresponding to the abnormal portion are pressed by a predetermined contact force with the fixed tap contactors 16 connected on both sides, respectively. Mounting around the center 19, 20, 21, 22 allows for contact at the fixed tap contact 16. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the contact portion forward or above in the viewing direction, the center of rotation And only springs.

In addition, the two vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 each have a contactor carrier (in each case) so that the bellows 33 and 34 and the actuating plungers 35 and 36 of the vacuum switch cell are upwardly formed. 3), two vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 are fixed by upper and lower fastening clamps 29, 30, 31, and 32. As shown in FIG. The two levers 37 and 38, respectively, provided with roller pins 41 or 42 having control rollers 39 or 40 at one free end. 28 is used to operate the plungers 35 and 36.

At the other free end of their levers, these levers actuate the actuating plungers 35 and 36 described above. The two levers 37 and 38 are mounted so as to be able to rotate around the center of rotation 43 and 44. It is also possible to set a common center of rotation. The control rollers 39 and 40 of the two levers 37 and 38 have an upper control profile 46 and a lower control profile. The control ring 45 is formed radially on the inner wall surface of the insulating material cylinder 1. The first control roller 39 has a control lower profile. It is evident in FIG. 1 that it corresponds to (lower control profile) 47, i.e., rolling on its control lower profile, and likewise a second control roller 40 rolls on the control upper profile 46. The upper control upper and lower profiles 46 and 47 are used to actuate the vacuum switch contacts 27 and 28. When the corresponding control roller 39 or 40 rolls on one control profile, the associated lever 37 or 38 rotates around its fulcrum 43 or 44, whereby the vacuum switch Activate the corresponding actuating plunger 35 or 36 of the cell 27 or 28.

In addition, an output contact ring 48 is set inside the insulating material cylinder 1, and the contact ring 48 constitutes a connecting member 49 that communicates with the outside to the load output. The control ring 45 and the output contact ring 48 can be integrally integrated into a single component made of a conductive material, particularly as shown in Fig. 1. The output contact ring 48 is mechanically integrated. In cooperation with the output contactor 50, the output contactor 50 is disposed on the contactor carrier 3 so that the upper output contact portion 50.1 and the lower output contact portion 50.2 are identical to the contacts 17 and 18 described above. Both output contact portions 50.1 and 50.2 of the two are equally supported so as to rotate around different rotation centers 53 and 54 so that the output contact ring 48 has a predetermined contact pressure. It is pressurized with each other by the other springs 51 and 52 to engage.

Finally, the contact carrier 3 is provided with two rollers 55 and 56, which rollers pass through the entire contact carrier 3 by rolling on the output contact rings 48 on both sides. The arrangement described makes it possible to compensate for any type of tolerance, especially the sagging of long switching shafts. Contact carriers (3) arranged to rotate about the switching shaft (2) Is constantly guided by the output contact ring 48 in any case, so that the precise control of the control rollers 39 and 40 and the operation of the vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 by this control are operated even in the tolerances described above. It is obtained even if the distance is short.

3 shows the selector switch of Embodiment 2 according to the present invention. In this case, unlike the above-described embodiment, the contact carrier 103 is arranged not to rotate, but is arranged to be movable in the longitudinal direction.

In addition, the switching shaft 102 is disposed in the center of the insulating material cylinder 101 so that the switching shaft supports the contact carrier 103 to move in the longitudinal direction and is guided by a guide 104. In this case, two vacuum switch cells are vertically arranged, but only the vacuum switch cell 105 in the front thereof is shown in the drawing.

On each plane, the fixed tap contacts 106 are arranged in a circle on the wall of the insulating material cylinder 101 and are connected by the switching contactors and the auxiliary contactors. Only part 107.1 and the lower contact part 107.2 associated therewith are shown in Fig. 3. Similarly, the output contact ring 108 is set inside the insulating material cylinder 101, and the upper output It is surrounded by an output contact consisting of a contact portion 109.1 and a lower output contact portion 109.2. In this case the guidance of the complete contact carrier is rolled in the profile of the output contact ring 108. The control of the vacuum switch cell is also carried out by two levers 115 and 116, and the control rollers 113 and 114 are provided at the free ends of these levers so that the control rollers have a lower control profile ( 111) or upper control The operation plunger of the vacuum switch cell is rolled on the pile 112, so that only the operation plunger 117 of the vacuum switch cell 105 in the forward direction is shown in the figure.

Fig. 4 schematically shows a circuit obtained by the selector switch according to the present invention. The electrical contact between the contacts 17 and 18 passing through the vacuum switch cells 27 and 28, and the output contact 50 in the electrical connection, The electrical connection of the output contact ring 48 by the output contact is omitted in FIG. 1 corresponding to FIG. 4.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit composed of two contact parts 17a and 17b in which the switching contacts 17 are arranged adjacently, as shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 5 corresponding to Fig. 2, only the electrical connection is schematically shown. The basic mode of operation is no different. That is, the same switching sequence can be obtained in the circuit according to Fig. 4 and the circuit according to Fig. 5.

Such a switching sequence obtained by the embodiment is shown in Fig. 6. In this case, the selector switch having different switching steps is shown. In principle, such a selector switch having a different switching step is described in the patent document EP 0160 125 specification. It is known by.

The center-to-center spacing between the stationary tap contacts in the main winding and the stationary tap contacts in the two neighbors adjacent to this contact is greater than the center distance between the remaining stationary tap contacts. Selector switches can also be used in higher voltage transformers, and higher surge voltages can be obtained.

Variously formed fixed tap contacts suitable for such a selector switch are also described in this patent specification.

Unlike such a configuration, the fixed tab contact 16 is not formed in a curve as in the conventional configuration according to the prior art, that is, it is not configured parallel to the curvature of the insulating material cylinder 1 and is shown in FIG. 2. It is particularly advantageous and preferable to construct in a straight line shape as described above. According to the prior art, the upper or lower contact portions 17.1 and 18.1 respectively roll constantly along the same path of the fixed tap contact 16, The structure also wipes other points on the surface of the fixed tap contact 16 constantly, which reduces the wear of their fixed tap contacts.

By the selector switch according to the present invention, the vacuum switch cell can be disposed in a space-saving manner, and safe and reliable operation can be performed in any operating state.

The vacuum switch cell can be placed upright on the contact carrier and placed vertically. The entire force and contact force for operating the vacuum switch cell can be supported axially in a stable oil container by the output ring and the fixed contact, and is supported axially. It is possible to prevent the radial load of the switch column, in particular bending and control time variation of the vacuum switch cell and reduction of the contact force.

Even if the tolerances of the oil container and the switching column and the deviation due to different thermal expansion increase, the switching sequence can be guaranteed.

Claims (9)

The selector switch constitutes the insulating material cylinder 1 as a housing, and a fixed tap contact 16 electrically connected to the taps is in a horizontal plane with respect to each phase inside the insulating material cylinder 1. Placed in a circular shape, A rotatable switching shaft 2 constituting a contact carrier 3 rotatable with respect to each horizontal plane of the fixed tap contact 16 is set in the center of the insulating material cylinder 1, Each contact carrier 3 constitutes at least two mechanical contacts 17, 18 which can each contact a fixed tab contact 16 of each horizontal plane, each contact carrier 3. Current-limiting resistor in which at least one contactor 17, 18 is electrically connected to the first vacuum switch cell 27, 28, and at least one contactor 17, 18 is intermediately connected on each contactor carrier 3. is electrically connected to the second vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 by an interposed circulating current-limiting resistor, On each contact carrier 23 each other side of the two vacuum switch cells 27, 28 is electrically connected to a respective load outputline 48, In a selector switch for a tap transformer which switches uninterrupted between taps of regulating winding of the tap transformer, Both contact switch carriers 3 are rotatably connected to the switching shaft 2 so that they can move independently of each other, and both vacuum switch cells are formed so that actuating plungers 35 and 36 are formed in the axial direction. And a selector switch (27, 28) arranged vertically on each contact carrier (3). The method of claim 1, Selector switch, characterized in that each contact carrier (3) is connected to the switching shaft (2) so that it can rotate around a fulcrum. The method of claim 1, A selector switch characterized in that each contact carrier (3) is connected to the switching shaft (102) so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction in the axial direction. The method of claim 1, Each contactor 17, 18 consists of at least one upper contact part 17.1, 18.1 and at least one lower contact part 17.2, 18.2, each contact part (17.2, 18.1; 17.2, 18.2) is provided with at least one spring (23, 24, 25, 26) such that when the fixed tap contactor 16 switches, the fixed tap contactor is mechanically enclosed on both sides and electrically contacted. A selector switch, characterized in that by pressing against each other against the force (force) of the reverse. delete The method of claim 1, An upper control profile 46 and a lower control profile are provided on the inner wall surface of the insulating material cylinder 1 with respect to the respective horizontal planes of the switchable phase and fixed tap contacts 16. Place a control ring 45 with profile 47, On each of the two vacuum switch cells 27 and 28, a lever 37 and 38 mounted on the contact carrier 3 so as to rotate around the rotation points 43 and 44 are disposed. Each of the levers 37 and 38 operates the vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 so that the respective vacuum switch cells 27 and 28 can operate according to the three-dimensional space formation of the respective control profiles 46 and 47. Selector switch characterized by being actuated by one free end of two free ends in actuating plungers 35 and 36 and the other free end in one control profile of each control profile 46 and 47. . The method of claim 1, Each load output line consists of a concentric output contact ring 48 arranged on the inner wall of the insulating material cylinder 1, the output contact ring of which is connected to the outside. And constitute a concentrating element 49, disposed on each contact carrier 3. A selector switch characterized in that contact is made by an output contact (50) which is magnetically connected to each vacuum switch cell (27, 28) on the contact carrier (3). The method of claim 1, Each contact carrier 3 has two other rollers 55, 56, which rollers roll on both sides of the corresponding output contact ring 48 so that each contact carrier 3 is forcibly guided. Selector switch characterized in that. The method according to claim 6 or 8, A selector switch, characterized in that the control ring 45 and the output contact ring 48 of each phase are coupled to each other in one component.