KR100283577B1 - Composting and Feeding Method of Food Waste and Organic Waste and Property Fermentation Method - Google Patents
Composting and Feeding Method of Food Waste and Organic Waste and Property Fermentation Method Download PDFInfo
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- KR100283577B1 KR100283577B1 KR1019980010401A KR19980010401A KR100283577B1 KR 100283577 B1 KR100283577 B1 KR 100283577B1 KR 1019980010401 A KR1019980010401 A KR 1019980010401A KR 19980010401 A KR19980010401 A KR 19980010401A KR 100283577 B1 KR100283577 B1 KR 100283577B1
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- fermentation
- detection sensor
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- waste
- organic
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000108056 Monas Species 0.000 claims 1
- -1 sludges Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical group S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000186321 Cellulomonas Species 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000605159 Nitrobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009329 organic farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
- C12M1/02—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with agitation means; with heat exchange means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
- C12M1/34—Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 환경오염원으로서 큰 부분을 차지하는 음식물 쓰레기 및 각종 유기성 폐기물을 주원료로서 이용하는 유기질 비료 및 사료 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 악취 발생이 없이 속성으로 제조가능한 것을 특징으로 하는 유기농법이나 토양개량제 또는 사료로 재활용하는 퇴비화와 사료화 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer and feed manufacturing method using a large portion of food waste and various organic waste as an environmental pollution source as a main raw material, in particular an organic method or a soil improver or feed characterized in that it can be produced with a property without the occurrence of odor To compost and feed methods for recycling.
종래의 기술은 발효숙성시키기까지 긴 시간을 요하고 제조공정에 있어서 악취발생이 크기 때문에 공장의 입지 선정에서도 문제가 따랐다.The prior art requires a long time to ferment aging and has a high level of odor in the manufacturing process, which is a problem in selecting a plant location.
본 발명은 발효조에 있어서 온도검출센서, 습도검출센서, 산소검출센서 등을 이용하여, 설정된 최적의 조건으로 유기성 폐기물 또는 음식물 쓰레기를 속성발효하기 위해, 각각 검출된 값에 따라 즉시 대응제어하는 마이크로프로세서에 의해 전력펄스신호를 출력하는 인터페이스로부터 인가되는 전력펄스신호에 따라 정해진 각각의 제어시스템을 운영하는 데 그 특징이 있는 것이다.The present invention uses a temperature detection sensor, a humidity detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor and the like in a fermentation tank, to rapidly ferment organic waste or food waste at a predetermined optimum condition. It is characterized by operating each control system determined according to the power pulse signal applied from the interface for outputting the power pulse signal.
Description
본 발명은 환경오염원으로 큰 부분을 차지하는 음식물 쓰레기 및 각종 유기성 폐기물을 주원료로 이용하는 유기질 비료 및 사료 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 악취의 발생이 없이 속성으로 제조가능한 것을 특징으로, 유기 농법이나 토양개량제 또는 사료로 재활용하는 퇴비화와 사료화방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer and feed manufacturing method using food waste and various organic waste as a major raw material as a major environmental pollution source, characterized in that it can be manufactured with an attribute without the occurrence of odor, organic farming method or soil improver or The present invention relates to a composting and feed method for recycling into feed.
종래에 농축산물 가공 과정에서 발생되는 폐기물과 각종 식품가공후 발생되는 폐기물은 비료 또는 사료 제조에 이용되고 있으나, 최근 다량으로 발생되는 일반가정, 집단급식소, 호텔, 레스토랑 등의 음식물쓰레기는 대부분 일반쓰레기와 함께 버려지거나 일부분만이 분리, 수거되어 사료 또는 유기질비료로 이용되고 있는 실정이다.Conventionally, wastes generated during processing of agricultural and livestock products and wastes generated after processing various foods are used for the manufacture of fertilizers or feeds. However, most of the food wastes generated in large households, group meal centers, hotels, restaurants, etc. It is discarded or only part of it is separated and collected and used as feed or organic fertilizer.
한편, 농업의 근대화가 진행됨에 따라 무기질 비료의 사용이 증가했지만 그 피해로서 지력의 저하가 전국적으로 확대되었다. 이것을 막는 방법은 양질의 유기질 비료를 투여하는 방법이외에는 다른 방법이 없고, 축산농가에서는 사료 값 상승과 수입 축산물 때문에 가격경쟁력을 잃어 존립자체가 어렵게 된 이때 버려지는 유기성 폐기물을 사료로 전환하여 축산농가에서 값싸게 이용할 수 있는 재활용 방법을 연구하게 되었다.On the other hand, as the modernization of agriculture progressed, the use of mineral fertilizers increased, but as a result of the damage, the decline of intellect increased nationwide. There is no way to prevent this except the administration of high quality organic fertilizers. In the livestock farms, the price competitiveness and imported livestock products have lost price competitiveness, making it difficult to survive. Investigate cheap recycling methods.
본 발명은 상술한 문제점을 해소하고 자원의 재활용을 위한 것으로, 종래의 쓰레기 발효기술은 발효,숙성시키기까지 긴 시간을 요하고 제조 공정에 있어서도 악취발생이 크기 때문에 공장의 입지 선정에서도 문제가 있었다.The present invention solves the above problems and recycles resources, and the conventional waste fermentation technology requires a long time to ferment and mature, and also has a problem in selecting a location of a plant because of the high odor occurrence in the manufacturing process.
본 발명자들은 발효에 의한 유기폐기물 처리장치의 개량과 사용 균주의 선택 양면에서 예의 연구해 온 결과, 제조장치의 자동제어를 고안함과 동시에 발효성과 함께 발효성능과 탈취성능이 우수한 미생물 제제(한국 특허 제134204호)를 사용하는 것에 의해, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방, 셀룰로즈 등을 분해하고 저급 지방산 및 유황 화합물 등의 악취 원인물질을 신속히 분해하여 악취를 제거함과 동시에 제거 기간을 현저하게 단축할 수 있음을 알고 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.The present inventors have made intensive studies on both the improvement of the organic waste treatment apparatus by fermentation and the selection of strains to be used. As a result, the microorganism preparation excellent in fermentation performance and deodorization performance with fermentation at the same time devising automatic control of the manufacturing apparatus (Korean patent No. 134204) can be used to decompose carbohydrates, proteins, fats, cellulose and the like, and to rapidly decompose odor causing substances such as lower fatty acids and sulfur compounds to remove odors and to significantly shorten the removal period. The present invention has been completed.
따라서, 본 발명은 악취원인 물질을 단시간에 흡착 제거할 수 있으면서도 효과적인 음식물 쓰레기 및 유기성 폐기물의 퇴비화, 사료화방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for composting and feeding food wastes and organic wastes while being able to adsorb and remove odorous substances in a short time.
제1도는 본 발명에 따른 공정도이고,1 is a process diagram according to the present invention,
제2도는 본 발명의 속성 발효를 위한 자동제어장치도이고,2 is an automatic control device for the fermentation of the present invention,
제3도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물의 pH 측정 결과를 나타내는 도이고,3 is a diagram showing the result of measuring the pH of the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제4도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물의 총산도 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,4 is a view showing the result of measuring the total acidity of the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제5도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물의 총환원당 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,5 is a diagram showing the measurement result per total reduction of the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제6도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물의 총아미노산 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,6 is a view showing the result of measuring the total amino acid of the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제7도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물의 균주농도 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,7 is a diagram showing a result of measuring the strain concentration of the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제8도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물 중의 락토바실러스 균 농도 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,8 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the concentration of Lactobacillus bacteria in the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제9도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물 중의 이스트 농도 측정결과를 나타내는 도이고,9 is a view showing the results of measuring the yeast concentration in the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention,
제10도는 본 발명의 발효공정에 있어서, 발효시간에 따른 발효생성물 중의 몰드스 농도 측정결과를 나타내는 도이다.10 is a view showing the results of the measurement of the mold concentration in the fermentation product according to the fermentation time in the fermentation process of the present invention.
이하, 본 발명의 유기폐기물 처리 공정을 도시하는 제1도에 의해 본 발명을 단계별로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described step by step by showing the organic waste treatment process of the present invention.
[제1단계 전처리 파쇄공정][Step 1 Pretreatment Crushing Process]
쓰레기 봉투에 담긴 각종 쓰레기를 선별하는 것에 지장이 없도록 파대기에 의해 쓰레기 봉투를 파대하여 다음 단계에서 쓰레기의 분리선별을 용이하게 한다.In order to prevent sorting of the various garbage contained in the garbage bag, the garbage bag is disassembled by the excavator to facilitate the sorting of garbage in the next step.
[제2단계 선별공정][Second stage sorting process]
선별공정은 인력 또는 기계에 의해 수행될 수 있다. 인력에 의한 선별공정은 대형의 것은 제거되어도 소형의 것은 선별이 어렵고 노동위생상에서도 문제가 많아 소규모 처리장에서 이용되며, 대규모 처리장에서는 기계에 의해 유기물 쓰레기로부터 철류, 알미늄, 유리류, 플라스틱류 등을 선별하며, 회전스크린과 진동장치에 의해 입자가 큰 비닐, 플라스틱, 나무조각, 천조각 등 발효에 부적합한 것들이 제거된다.The sorting process can be carried out by man or machine. The sorting process by manpower is difficult to sort out the small ones, but it is difficult to sort out the small ones and there are problems in labor hygiene. The rotary screen and the vibrator remove particles that are not suitable for fermentation, such as large particles of vinyl, plastic, wood chips, and pieces of cloth.
[제3단계 수분조절공정][Step 3 moisture control process]
수분조절제로 톱밥, 왕겨, 발효품 등을 폐기물 원료에 첨가하여 폐기물의 수분과 탄소율 등을 조절한다. 이러한 목적을 위해 처리대상물 저장조에서 발생된 오폐수의 일정량을 투입하기도 하고, 흙을 수분조절제로 사용할 수도 있다. 흙은 발효온도가 극도로 높게 되는 것을 방지하는 효과와 흙속에 포함된 각종 미생물의 활동으로 발효를 촉진하고 암모니아를 흡수하기 위해 첨가된 질소의 손실을 방지하는 효과도 있다.As a moisture control agent, sawdust, rice hulls, fermented products, etc. are added to the waste raw materials to control the moisture and carbon ratio of the waste. For this purpose, a certain amount of waste water generated in the treatment tank may be introduced, or soil may be used as a moisture control agent. Soil has the effect of preventing the fermentation temperature from becoming extremely high and the effect of preventing the loss of nitrogen added to promote fermentation and absorb ammonia by the activity of various microorganisms contained in the soil.
[제4단계 고속 발효공정][4th fast fermentation process]
이 공정에서는 유기 폐기물을 소정량의 퇴비 또는 사료로 만드는데 적합한 배양조건이 되도록 pH, 온도, 습도, 산소, 영양상태 등의 작용조건을 조절한다.In this process, the operating conditions such as pH, temperature, humidity, oxygen, and nutrition are adjusted so as to be suitable culture conditions for making organic waste into compost or feed of a predetermined amount.
이 기능을 극대화하기 위해 본 발명의 발효조는 횡형박스설비를 채용한다.In order to maximize this function, the fermenter of the present invention employs a horizontal box facility.
상기 횡형박스발효조에 교반장치를 설치하여 교반기를 전후좌우이동시키면서 원료를 계속적으로 교반하며, 발효조 하부에서는 송풍기에 의해 호기성 발효에 필요한 산소를 공급한다.The horizontal box fermenter is provided with a stirring device to continuously stir the raw materials while moving the stirrer back and forth, left and right, and the lower part of the fermenter to supply oxygen necessary for aerobic fermentation by a blower.
이때, 발효조에는 또한 온도검출센서, 수분검출센서, 산소검출센서 등이 설치되어 있고 이들 센서는 인터페이스를 통해 컴퓨터에 연결되어, 컴퓨터에 의해 발효조내의 온도, 수분, 산소량을 제어할 수 있게 한다. 상기 컴퓨터의 인터페이스에는 또한, 상기 교반기 및 송풍기 제어 수단이 연결되어 있어, 컴퓨터로 교반기와 송풍기 또한 제어할 수 있게 한다.At this time, the fermenter is also equipped with a temperature detection sensor, a water detection sensor, an oxygen detection sensor, and the like, and these sensors are connected to a computer through an interface, so that the computer can control the temperature, moisture and oxygen in the fermenter. The interface of the computer is also connected to the stirrer and blower control means, allowing the computer to also control the stirrer and blower.
본 발효공정에서는 원료에 발효능과 탈취능이 우수한 균체, 예를 들면 한국 특허 제134204호에 개시된 바실러스족 균주 (KHR-10-MX), 셀룰로모나스속 균주(KHR-15-MX) 및 복합균주 (KHR-5-MX)로 구성된 군 중에서 선택된 적어도 하나의 미생물을 접종한다. 탈취능을 개선하기 위해 미생물은 활성탄 등의 흡착제에 고정된 형태로 접종에 사용하며, 사용량은 처리 원료의 톤(ton)당 30 내지 200 g 범위이다.In this fermentation process, the cells having excellent fermentation and deodorizing ability in the raw materials, for example, Bacillus strain (KHR-10-MX), Cellulomonas strain (KHR-15-MX) and complex strains disclosed in Korean Patent No. 134204. At least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of (KHR-5-MX). In order to improve the deodorizing ability, microorganisms are used for inoculation in a fixed form in adsorbents such as activated carbon, and the amount used is in the range of 30 to 200 g per ton of raw material to be treated.
균체에 따른 우점적 균주는 바실러스 서브틸리스(Bacillus Subtilis), 바실러스 폴리닉사(Bacillus polynyxa), 바실러스 리켄포르미스(Bacillus Lichenformis), 로도슈도모나스(Rhodoseudomonas), 오토트로픽박터(Autotrophic Bacter), 슈도모나스(Pseudomonas), 니트로박터(Nitro Bacter), 트리코더마 비리데(Trichoderma Viride), 셀룰로모나스(Cellulomonas Ep), 악티모토스(Actimontous), 필라멘토스펀지(Filamentous Funge)이다.The dominant strains according to the cells were Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus polynyxa, Bacillus Lichenformis, Rhodoseudomonas, Autotrophic Bacter, Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas). ), Nitro Bacter, Trichoderma viride, Cellulomonas Ep, Actimontous, Filamentous Funge.
이 발효과정에서는 미생물 대사과정(분해작용)을 통하여 유기 폐기물 중의 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방, 핵산 등이 안정된 저분자 유기물로 전환하게 되며, 최종산물로 안정된 물질인 CO2, H2O, NO3 -, SO4 2-, CH4, H2S, NH3등이 형성되며, 그 형성 과정은 다음과 같다.In the fermentation process, and to switch to the carbohydrate, protein, fat, stable low molecular weight organic material, such as nucleic acid in the organic waste by microbial metabolism (disintegration), the stabilized material with the final product CO 2, H 2 O, NO 3 -, SO 4 2- , CH 4 , H 2 S, NH 3 and the like are formed, and the formation process is as follows.
⑴ 호기성 분해과정Aerobic decomposition
⑵ 혐기성 분해과정⑵ anaerobic digestion
[제5단계 숙성 공정][Step 5 Aging Process]
고속 발효공정에서 1차 발효처리가 끝난 발효생성물은 숙성(2차 발효)후 사용용도에 따라 혐기적 또는 호기적으로 안정화시켜 제품으로 출하된다. 이 숙성단계는 제품 가치 향상과 공해방지 효과를 제공한다.In the high speed fermentation process, the fermentation product after the first fermentation process is stabilized anaerobic or aerobic depending on the use after aging (secondary fermentation) and shipped to the product. This maturation step provides product value improvement and pollution prevention.
이하, 실시예로써 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명하나, 이들이 본 발명을 한정하는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but these are not intended to limit the present invention.
[실시예1]Example 1
본 발명에서 사용된 음식물 쓰레기는 환경부에서 고시된 음식물 쓰레기 감량화시설 품질인증규격에 준한 표준 음식물 쓰레기이다. 조성은 곡물류 15%, 과일류 15%, 채소류 50% 및 어육류 20%로 하였다.The food waste used in the present invention is a standard food waste in accordance with the food waste reduction facility quality certification standard announced by the Ministry of Environment. The composition was 15% cereals, fruit 15%, vegetables 50% and fish meat 20%.
상기 음식물 쓰레기는 곡물류를 제외하고는 입자의 크기를 약 5㎝의 크기로 하여 일정량을 매일 공정에 투여하였다. 수분조절제로는 왕겨 40%, 톱밥 30%, 발효완성품 30%를 혼합하여 음식물 쓰레기 함수율에 따라 적절히 투입하여 쓰레기의 함수율을 50%로 조절하였다.The food waste was administered to a daily process with a certain amount of particles having a size of about 5 cm except grains. As a moisture control agent, 40% of chaff, 30% of sawdust, and 30% of fermented finished products were mixed according to the food waste moisture content to adjust the waste water content to 50%.
[실시예2]Example 2
수분이 조절된 음식물 쓰레기 등의 발효원료⑹를 발효조⑴에 투입하고, 발효를 활성탄에 흡착시킨 후(4.9×108/g), 이를 발효원료의 톤(ton)당 30 내지 200g 접종한 다음, 날개⑶가 있는 교반기⑵로 원료를 주기적 또는 계속적으로 교반하였다. 이때, 호기성 미생물의 활동을 촉진하기 위하여 송풍기(10, 12)에 의해 산기관⑸으로 도입하여 따뜻한 공기를 발효조⑴의 하부에 부착된 산기판⑷을 통해 발효원료⑹에 공급하였다.Fermentation raw materials, such as food wastes with controlled moisture, are added to fermentation tanks, and the fermentation is adsorbed on activated carbon (4.9 × 10 8 / g), and then inoculated with 30 to 200 g per ton of fermentation raw materials. The raw material was agitated periodically or continuously with an agitator with blades. At this time, in order to promote the activity of aerobic microorganisms by introducing blowers (10, 12) into the diffuser ⑸, warm air was supplied to the fermentation raw material 산 through the acid substrate 부착 attached to the lower portion of the fermentation tank ..
발효조⑴내의 원료를 온도 약 50-60 ℃, 습도 약 50%, 산도 7-8로 조절하여, 미생물의 활동을 진행시켜 발효를 수행하였다.The raw materials in the fermentation tank were adjusted to a temperature of about 50-60 ° C., a humidity of about 50%, and an acidity of 7-8 to carry out the fermentation by progressing the activity of the microorganisms.
이때, 발효 중의 발효조내의 온도, 산소 및 수분이 각각의 검출센서(7, 8 및 9)에 의해 검출될 수 있도록 각각의 검출 센서는 인터페이스를 통해 컴퓨터에 그 값이 출력되도록 하였다.At this time, each detection sensor was to output the value to the computer through the interface so that the temperature, oxygen and moisture in the fermentation tank during the fermentation can be detected by the respective detection sensors (7, 8 and 9).
속성발효조건에 도달하면, 컴퓨터로 제어되는 제어벨브(11, 13) 및 송풍기(10,12)에 의해 산소 공급량을 조절하고, 온도상승과 저하에 따라 송풍기(10,12)를 선택적으로 가동, 정지시켜 산기판⑷를 통해 불어넣는 공기를 조절함으로써 속성 발효 조건이 충족되도록 제어하였다.When the fast fermentation condition is reached, the oxygen supply amount is controlled by the computer controlled control valves 11 and 13 and the blowers 10 and 12, and the blowers 10 and 12 are selectively operated according to the temperature rise and fall, By controlling the air blown through the acid substrate by stopping, the fast fermentation conditions were controlled.
본 실시예의 속성발효과정을 살펴보면 주원료(음식물 쓰레기)의 pH는 초기에 4.6에서 발효종료시 3.8로 감소하였으며(도 3 참조), 이에 따라 발효생성물의 총산도는 증가하였다(도 4 참조). 또한, 발효생성물 중의 총환원당과 총아미노산은 발효시간이 경과함에 따라 서서히 감소하였으며 (각각 도 5 및 도 6 참조), 발효생성물 중의 미생물수는 전반적으로 발효초기부터 중반까지는 급격한 증가현상을 보이다가 후반기에 가면 감소하는 것을 볼 수 있었다.( 도 7 내지 10 참조).Looking at the fast-acting effect tablet of the present embodiment, the pH of the main raw material (food waste) was initially decreased from 4.6 to 3.8 at the end of fermentation (see FIG. 3), thus increasing the total acidity of the fermentation product (see FIG. 4). In addition, total reducing sugars and total amino acids in the fermentation products gradually decreased as the fermentation time elapsed (refer to FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively), and the number of microorganisms in the fermentation products generally increased rapidly from the beginning to the middle of the fermentation. It can be seen that the decrease in (see Figs. 7 to 10).
[실시예3]Example 3
발효 과정에서 발생하는 악취가스의 대부분은 암모니아(NH3), 메틸아민(R-NH2)으로, 이 악취발생물질의 농도는 각각 100 ppm 이상, 200 ppm 이상이었다.Most of the malodorous gases generated during the fermentation were ammonia (NH 3 ) and methylamine (R-NH 2 ), and the concentrations of the malodorous substances were 100 ppm or more and 200 ppm or more, respectively.
본 발명의 공정에서 투입된 미생물 제제의 각종 균주는 악취물질들을 효율적으로 분해하며, 그 과정은 다음과 같다.Various strains of microbial preparations introduced in the process of the present invention efficiently decompose malodorous substances, the process is as follows.
[황화수소 가스의 분해][Decomposition of Hydrogen Sulfide Gas]
오토트로픽 박테리아류인 베기아토아세와 같은 미생물은 황화수소 가스를 SO4로 변환시키므로 이 미생물에 의해 황화수소 가스의 악취가 제거될 수 있다.Microorganisms such as autotrophic bacteria, begiatoacet, convert hydrogen sulfide gas into SO 4 , which can remove odors of hydrogen sulfide gas.
H2S + H2O ----→ H2↑ + H2SO4 H 2 S + H 2 O ---- → H 2 ↑ + H 2 SO 4
[암모니아의 분해][Decomposition of Ammonia]
니트로박터, 슈도모나스와 같은 미생물에 의해 암모니아는 NO2로 변환되어, 암모니아의 악취 및 자극성이 제거될 수 있다.Ammonia can be converted to NO 2 by microorganisms such as nitrobacter and pseudomonas, thereby removing the odor and irritability of ammonia.
각 악취별 탈취효과 실험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과는 다음 표와 같다.Each deodorant effect experiment was performed, and the results are shown in the following table.
* 냄새농도: 냄새나는 정도를 5등급으로 하여 지수를 나타내며, 1은 냄새가 거의 없음을, 5는 냄새가 매우 심함을 나타냄* Odor Concentration: It indicates the odor level as 5 grade, 1 indicates almost no smell, 5 indicates very bad smell.
본 발명에 따라 3일간 처리된 발효생성물을 여과한 후의 고형분에 대해 최종물을 측정하였으며, 그 결과를 비료법 기준치와 비교하여 하기 표에 나타내었다.The final product was measured for the solid content after filtering the fermentation product treated for 3 days according to the present invention, the results are shown in the table below in comparison with the fertilizer method reference value.
본 발명은 음식물 쓰레기 및 유기성 폐기물의 퇴비화, 사료화 방법에 관한 것으로 악취원인물질들을 단시간에 흡착, 분해하는 공정이다.The present invention relates to a composting and feed method of food waste and organic waste is a process of adsorbing and decomposing odor causing substances in a short time.
본 발명은 제조장치의 개량과 사용균주의 선택 양면에서 연구한 결과로, 제조 장치의 자동제어를 고안함과 함께 발효성능과 탈취성능이 우수한 미생물 제제를 사용하는 것에 의해 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방 , 셀루로즈 등을 효과적으로 분해하고 저급 지방산 및 유황 화합물 등의 악취원인물질을 신속히 분해하여 악취를 제거함과 동시에 제조기간을 현저하게 단축할 수 있다.The present invention is a study of both the improvement of the manufacturing apparatus and the selection of the strain to be used, by devising an automatic control of the manufacturing apparatus, by using a microbial agent excellent in fermentation performance and deodorization performance, carbohydrate, protein, fat, cellul It is possible to effectively decompose rose and to quickly decompose bad odor causing substances such as lower fatty acids and sulfur compounds to remove bad odor and at the same time shorten manufacturing period.
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| KR20020001531A (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-09 | 고사이 아끼오 | Supporting system for agricultural production and method thereof |
| KR100751913B1 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2007-08-23 | 위니아만도 주식회사 | Food garbage processing apparatus |
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| KR100466439B1 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2005-01-15 | 주식회사 드림바이오스 | Automatic analyzing, monitoring and control system of temperature, moisture and oxygen in aerobic composting basin |
| KR100855338B1 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-09-04 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Preparation Method For Liquid-fertilizer Using Fish-meal Wastewater |
| KR100862572B1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2008-10-10 | 주식회사 에코넥스 | Effective decomposition of garbage using the functional microbe system |
| US10239651B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2019-03-26 | Graphic Packaging International, Llc | Carton with top closure |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR870003033A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-14 | 타다 아끼라 에노모또 | Method and apparatus for degrading organic waste by rapid fermentation |
| JPH0678750A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1994-03-22 | Samsung Electron Co Ltd | Fermentation of fermenting device and device and method for storage control |
-
1998
- 1998-03-26 KR KR1019980010401A patent/KR100283577B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR870003033A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-14 | 타다 아끼라 에노모또 | Method and apparatus for degrading organic waste by rapid fermentation |
| JPH0678750A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1994-03-22 | Samsung Electron Co Ltd | Fermentation of fermenting device and device and method for storage control |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020001531A (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-09 | 고사이 아끼오 | Supporting system for agricultural production and method thereof |
| KR100751913B1 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2007-08-23 | 위니아만도 주식회사 | Food garbage processing apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR19980019535A (en) | 1998-06-05 |
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