KR100217770B1 - Apparatus and method for treating garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

Crushing means for crushing the supplied food waste and filtering out foreign substances such as stones, glass, or metal chips to effectively compost large quantities of food waste by carrying out a process of removing and fermenting moisture while crushing food waste; Provided is a food waste treatment method and processing system comprising a dehydration means for removing moisture contained in food waste, and fermentation means for composting by fermenting solid material, which is pulverized and dehydrated food waste, with stirring.

The pulverizing means is composed of a pulverizing device for crushing the pieces or fish contained in the food waste, and a dilution stirrer for uniformly stirring the crushed food waste and settling out the foreign matter. The dewatering means includes a compression transfer device for compressing and removing water while transporting solids, and a centrifugal separator for removing water contained in the desorption liquid and the dilution liquid by centrifugal force. The fermentation means includes a fermentation chamber in which fermentation and drying are composted while the food waste from which moisture is removed is composted, and a mobile stirring device for stirring and transporting food waste while moving the fermentation chamber.

Description

Food Waste Disposal Method and Treatment System

The present invention relates to a food waste treatment method and treatment system, and more particularly, to a food waste treatment method and treatment system for composting the collected food waste through a continuous grinding, dehydration and fermentation process.

In general, food waste generated in each home or restaurant is collected and then disposed of in landfill or composted.

The composting treatment of food waste uses a natural drying method of fermenting by evaporating moisture using sunlight, and a method of fermenting by heating to a predetermined temperature at which a microorganism activity is activated while stirring using a stirring device.

The food waste fermented and composted as described above is supplied to the required farmhouse and used for growing plants.

When the composting treatment is performed using the conventional food waste treatment method as described above, the food waste contains a large amount of water, and thus the weight and volume of the food waste are limited and the process takes a long time to remove water. There is.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a food waste treatment method and processing system that continuously performs the process of removing water and fermentation while grinding food waste.

The food waste treatment method of the present invention includes a crushing step of pulverizing the supplied food waste and filtering out stones, glass or metal pieces (hereinafter referred to as foreign substances), and a dehydration step of removing moisture contained in the crushed food waste; It consists of a fermentation step of composting by fermenting the solids (hereinafter referred to as solids), which are food wastes which are ground and dehydrated, with stirring.

The food waste treatment system of the present invention is a pulverization means for pulverizing the supplied food waste and filtering foreign matters, dehydration means for removing moisture contained in the crushed food waste, and agitated solids, which are pulverized and dehydrated food waste Fermentation means consisting of fermentation by fermentation.

The pulverizing means includes one or more pulverizers for finely crushing lumps of pieces or fish contained in food waste, and evenly stirs and dilutes the crushed food waste, and precipitates and filters foreign substances such as metal pieces and glass pieces. It consists of a dilution stirring device.

The grinding device includes a pair of grinding rollers having a grinding protrusion or wing formed on a circumferential surface thereof, and a grinding motor for rotating the grinding roller.

The dewatering means is a compression transfer device for compressing and removing water while transporting the solids, the desorption liquid (hereinafter referred to as a desorption liquid) which is water removed from the compression transfer device and the food waste diluted in the dilution agitator; And a centrifugal separator which removes, by centrifugal force, water contained in a diluent (hereinafter referred to as diluent), which is a liquid containing fine solids that are not transferred to a compression transfer device.

The fermentation means includes a fermentation chamber in which fermentation and drying are composted while the food waste from which moisture is removed is composted, and a mobile stirring device for transporting the food waste while stirring the fermentation chamber.

The food waste treatment system of the present invention constituted as described above is finely pulverized while the supplied food waste passes through the pulverizing device of the pulverizing means, and foreign substances such as metal or glass are filtered and diluted while passing through the dilution stirrer. Then, the solid is compressed by the compression transfer device of the dehydration means, the water is removed, and the desorption liquid and diluent including the fine solid are mostly removed by the centrifugal separator and only the solid is supplied to the fermentation means. .

The solids of the food waste fed to the fermentation chamber of the fermentation means are gradually moved while the mobile stirring apparatus is stirred and fermented to compost.

According to the food waste treatment system of the present invention made as described above, it is possible to process the food waste continuously supplied, the treatment capacity is greatly increased, and by removing the moisture contained in a large amount by the dehydration means and then fermentation is performed. Efficiently done

1 is a process diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a food waste treatment method according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a food waste disposal system according to the present invention.

3 is a process diagram schematically showing one embodiment of a food waste treatment system according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a plan sectional view showing one embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing another embodiment of the grinding apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a compression transfer apparatus according to the present invention.

8 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a compression transfer apparatus according to the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the compression transfer device according to the present invention.

10 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a fermentation chamber and a mobile stirring apparatus according to the present invention.

11 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG.

Next, the most preferred embodiment of the food waste treatment method and treatment system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, one embodiment of the food waste treatment method according to the present invention is a crushing step (S1) for pulverizing the supplied food waste and filtering foreign matters such as stone, glass or metal pieces, and crushed Dehydration step (S2) for removing the water contained in the food waste, and the fermentation step (S3) to compost by fermenting while stirring the food waste pulverized and removed water.

2 to 3, the food waste processing system according to the present invention is crushed with one or more crushing apparatus 10 for crushing chunks of pieces or fish contained in the supplied food waste. While stirring and diluting the food waste evenly and depositing the foreign matter such as stones, glass, or metal pieces, the grinding means including a stirrer 40 for filtering, and continuously transporting the solids in the crushed and filtered food waste Compressor transfer unit 50 to remove moisture by compressing and centrifugal force to filter the desorption liquid (moisture removed from the compression transfer unit) and dilution liquid (liquid dilution in the dilution stirrer to remove the solids to be transferred to the compression transfer unit) Dehydration means comprising a centrifugal separator (70) for removing the water contained in the liquid containing the remaining fine solids; The fermentation chamber 80, which is fermented and dried, is composted while the solids, which are crushed and water-removed food wastes, are transported, and the mobile stirring apparatus 90 is stirred and transported while moving in the fermentation chamber 80. It consists of fermentation means.

As shown in FIG. 3, the crushing apparatus 10 of the pulverizing means has two stages arranged in stages so that the crushing of the food wastes supplied by the crushing is made evenly, and the crushing efficiency is high and the crushing is made fine. It is preferable because of that.

In addition, the pulverizer 10 of the crushing means is connected to the bucket conveyor 108 for continuously supplying the food waste by a predetermined amount from the input hopper 102 to which the collected food waste is supplied.

The input hopper 102 is provided with a vibrating screen 104 to filter the stone, bone or glass or metal pieces contained in the food waste collected and supplied by vibrating the screen.

The food waste to be fed to the input hopper 102 is configured to be supplied directly through the collection vehicle 100 or through a bag device 106 to remove the bag by collecting it with a garbage bag.

In the bag device 106, the food waste collected in a garbage bag (for example, a plastic bag, etc.) is broken up to separate the food waste from vinyl and the solid matter.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the pulverizing apparatus 10 includes a cylindrical body 12 having an inlet 13 formed at an upper portion thereof and an outlet 14 formed at a lower portion thereof. A pair of grinding rollers 20 and 21 rotatably installed on the body 12 and having a plurality of grinding protrusions 22 formed on a circumferential surface in a predetermined pattern and on the outside of the body 12 It is installed and includes a grinding motor 16 for rotating the grinding rollers 20, 21 described above.

The feed hopper 110 for collecting the food waste supplied from the bucket conveyor 108 to the inlet 13 of the body 12 is installed above the grinding device 10.

The pair of grinding projections 22 formed in the pair of grinding rollers 20 and 21 is preferably formed to be engaged with each other at a predetermined interval (interval corresponding to the size to crush food waste).

In the body 12, forming a plurality of fixing protrusions (not shown) located between the grinding protrusions 22 formed on the grinding rollers 20 and 21 in a predetermined pattern is not crushed. Food waste is not discharged between the crushing projection 22 and the body 12 is preferable.

The one grinding roller 20 is supported by a rotating shaft 23 rotatably installed on the body 12, the shaft 17 of the grinding motor 16 to the rotating shaft 23 The driven pulley 18 is installed in the driven pulley 24 is connected through the belt 19 to receive the rotational force, and the above-mentioned one grinding roller 20 and the other grinding roller 21 gear each other. (26) is installed to engage in rotation in the opposite direction to each other.

In addition, the other grinding roller 21 is rotated by a rotating shaft 25 which is rotatably installed on a sliding block 27 installed to be slidably movable in the body 12 as seen in FIG. Supported, the sliding block 27 is connected to the guide rod 29 is installed with a spring 28 is installed to be movable to the body 12.

The above-mentioned pair of pulverization when foreign substances such as metal fragments or bones, which are not easily pulverized, to be installed so as to be movable through the sliding block 27 to the other crushing roller 21 as described above are included in the food waste and supplied. It is preferable because the rollers 20 and 21 can be prevented from being damaged or broken.

In other words, when a large amount of foreign matter such as metal fragments or bones is introduced, excessive force is applied to the grinding rollers 20 and 21, and the rotary shaft 25 of the other grinding roller 21 is The supported sliding block 27 slides upward as seen in FIG. 4 to increase the distance between the grinding rollers 20 and 21, and foreign substances having a high strength pass through without being crushed. When foreign matter passes, the excessive force acting on the grinding roller 21 is removed, so that the other grinding roller 21 moves downward as seen in FIG. 4 by the elastic force of the spring 28. It maintains a predetermined interval with one grinding roller 20. At this time, the gear 26 for transmitting the rotational force between the pair of grinding rollers 20, 21 is made of separation and coupling.

In another embodiment of the pulverizing device 10 described above, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 6, the body 12 is rotatably installed, and a sharp and sharp blade is formed by dividing at a predetermined angle on the circumferential surface. A plurality of grinding blades 32 is composed of a pair of grinding rollers 30, 31 formed in a predetermined pattern, so that the uncrushed food waste is not discharged between the grinding blades 32 and the body 12. The body 12 has a plurality of fixed blades 35 positioned between the grinding protrusions 32 formed on the grinding rollers 30 and 31 in a predetermined pattern.

The other embodiment of the pulverizing device 10 described above also has the same configuration as the above-described embodiment shown in FIG. 4 except for the above-described configuration.

The dilution stirrer device 40 of the pulverizing means is a cylindrical body 42 connected to the outlet 14 of the body 12 of the pulverizing device 10, as shown in FIG. A motor 44 installed on the body 42, a rotating shaft 45 connected to the motor 44 to rotate, and a rotating shaft 45 located in the body 42, and crushed It consists of a stirring blade 46 for diluting and stirring the food waste being supplied.

It is preferable that the stirring blade 46 is formed in a structure in which foreign substances such as vinyl or string are not wound.

The dilution stirrer 40 adds water to food waste which is crushed and introduced in the crushing device 10 and dilutes it to a predetermined concentration, and removes foreign substances such as stones, glass, or metal pieces contained in the food waste. Precipitate to separate.

In addition, in the dilution stirrer 40, when the stirring blade 46 rotated by the rotation of the motor 44 rotates to stir the food waste, the food waste with a small specific gravity rises upwards, Since foreign substances such as glass or metal fragments remain sinking, separation is performed.

One embodiment of the compression transfer device 50 of the dewatering means is rotatable to the cylindrical body 52 and the body 52, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7-8. It is installed so as to form a compression blade 57 on the circumferential surface of the feed roller 56 for compressing and transporting the food waste supplied, and a motor for rotating the feed roller 56 through the rotational force transmission means ( 58).

Between the dilution stirrer 40 and the compression transfer device 50, which is a dehydration means, the pulverization device 10 and the dilution stirrer 40, which are the pulverization means, are crushed and contained in the diluted food waste. The conveying conveyor 112 is installed with a bar screen of approximately 10 mm intervals for filtering only solid matter of a large mass (a mass having a size of about 10 mm or more).

The body 52 of the compression transfer device 50 is an inlet 53 through which the solid matter in the food waste filtered out through the dilution stirring device 40 of the grinding means 40 is supplied through the transfer conveyor 112. ) Is formed on one side of the upper portion, and on the side opposite to the inlet 53, a discharge port 54 through which the solid matter, which is the food waste that is compressed and transported by the transfer roller 56, is discharged.

In addition, the belt conveyor 85 for transferring the solids discharged from the discharge port 54 of the compression transfer device 50 to the fermentation chamber 80 of the fermentation means is installed.

The body 52 has a double structure, the inner cylinder 51 of the body 32 is formed with a plurality of fine water discharge holes 61 for discharging the squeezed water, the outer cylinder 59 Is formed using a solid material that can withstand a sufficient pressure, the outside is formed with a water outlet (60) for discharging the water discharged through the water discharge hole (61).

The compression space 55 formed between the transfer roller 56 and the inner surface of the inner body 51 of the body 52 formed in a double is formed to become smaller toward the outlet 54 from the inlet 53 side. It is preferable to gradually increase the compression rate of the solids, which are food wastes, which are dehydrated while being compressed.

That is, the diameter of the inner cylinder 51 of the body 52 is formed to become smaller from the inlet 53 toward the outlet 54.

The end of the transfer roller 56 is rotatably supported at the end of the inner cylinder 51 of the body 52, the food waste passes through the portion supporting the end of the transfer roller 56. Many through holes 65 are formed.

In addition, a conical compression member 63 is provided at the end of the inner cylinder 51 of the body 52 at a predetermined pressure by the cylinder 62.

And the food waste is discharged to the end of the body 52, the inner cylinder 51 through the through-hole 61 is compressed and transported by the transport roller 56 by the compression member 63. A compression chamber 67 is formed to maintain a predetermined pressure to discharge water by being compressed again at a predetermined pressure, and when the pressure of the food waste conveyed and discharged by the transfer roller 56 is greater than the set pressure, the compression chamber 67 is formed. One cylinder 62 is moved backward so that the compression member 63 is separated from the end surface of the inner cylinder 51 of the body 52, and the food waste compressed in the compression chamber 67 to discharge moisture is It is discharged through one outlet 54.

As described above, when the food waste is discharged to the discharge port 54 and the pressure is lowered, the cylinder 62 is advanced again to prevent the compression member 63 from blocking the end of the inner cylinder 51 of the body 52. Repeatedly, it is always made to remove the moisture contained in the food waste discharged at a constant pressure.

The rotational force transmission means for transmitting the rotational force of the motor 58 to the transfer roller 56 includes a drive sprocket 64 installed on the motor 58 and the side of the transfer roller 56. It consists of a driven sprocket 66 installed in the chain 68 connecting the drive sprocket 64 and the driven sprocket 66.

In addition, the rotational force transmission means for transmitting the rotational force of the motor 58 to the transfer roller 56 may be made using a pulley and a belt.

And another embodiment of the compression transfer device 150 of the dewatering means, as shown in Figure 9, the tubular body 152 made of a dual structure, and is rotatably installed on the body 152 Compression blades 157 are formed on the circumferential surface of the circumferential surface and the feed rollers 156 for compressing and feeding the food waste, and the motor 58 for rotating the feed rollers 156 through the rotational force transmission means. Include.

The body 152 is made of a dual structure, the inner cylinder 151 of the body 152 is formed with a plurality of fine water discharge holes 161 for discharging the squeezed water, the outer cylinder 159 Is formed using a solid material that can withstand a sufficient pressure, the outside is formed with a water outlet 60 for discharging the water discharged through the water discharge hole 161.

In addition, the shaft of the transfer roller 156 is formed of a plurality of stages whose diameter increases from the inlet 53 to the outlet 54, and the body 152, the inner cylinder 151 is formed of a uniform diameter The compression space 155 formed between the inner surface of the inner cylinder 151 and the transfer roller 156 of the body 152 is compressed to form smaller and smaller toward the inlet 53 toward the outlet 54 toward the moisture. Since it is possible to gradually raise the compression rate of the solid which is this food waste removed, it is preferable.

The end of the transfer roller 156 is rotatably supported at the end of the inner cylinder 151 of the body 152, food waste passes through the portion supporting the end of the transfer roller 155. Many through holes 165 are formed.

In addition to the above-described configuration, other embodiments of the above-described compression transfer apparatus 150 also have the same configuration as that shown in the embodiment of the above-described compression transfer apparatus 50.

And between the dilution stirring device 40 and the centrifugal separator 70, food waste particles (particles of about 10 mm or less in size) which are not transferred to the compression transfer device 50 through the transfer conveyor 112. A storage stirring device 120 is installed to agitate the diluent containing the gas and supply it to the centrifugal separator 70 through the pump 128.

That is, the dilution liquid tube 114 connected to the lower side of the transfer conveyor 112 connected to the dilution stirring device 40 is connected to the storage stirring device 120.

In addition, the storage stirrer 120 is connected to the desorption plate 116 connected to the water outlet 60 for discharging the desorption liquid, which is the water discharged by being squeezed by the compression transfer device 50.

The storage stirring device 120 is composed of a cylindrical body 122, a motor 124 installed in the body 122, and the stirring blade 126 rotated by the motor 124. The desorbing liquid discharged from the compression transfer device 50 and the dilution liquid discharged from the dilution stirring device 40 and the transfer conveyor 112 are temporarily stored and stirred.

The centrifugal separator (70) separates the small solids and water contained in the desorption liquid and the diluent supplied by being stirred and supplied by the storage stirring device (120) by centrifugal force, and the separated small solids are the belt conveyor (85). The separated liquid, which is separated water, is discharged to the sewage treatment plant or wastewater treatment plant to be treated in conjunction.

The fermentation chamber 80 and the mobile stirring device 90 of the fermentation means can be implemented using the configuration described in Korean Patent Application No. 96-12344 filed by the present applicant.

Therefore, the fermentation chamber 80 of the fermentation means is formed with a predetermined width and a predetermined height, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 10 to 11, to supply hot air to the bottom of the fermentation chamber 80. A plurality of hot air pipes 82 and a plurality of steam pipes 84 for supplying water vapor are provided.

The hot air supply unit 81 is connected to the hot air pipe 82, the steam supply unit 83 is connected to the steam pipe 84, the steam and hot air is a temperature that is well fermented by microorganisms For example, supplying at about 70-80 ° C. is preferred because fermentation by microorganisms is most efficient.

On the discharge side of the fermentation chamber 80, a compost discharge conveyor 86 for discharging the compost is made fermentation is installed, a compost storage chamber 88 is formed at the end of the compost discharge conveyor 86, The upper portion of the fermentation chamber 80 is provided with a roof 89 to keep the interior warm.

In addition, the inlet of the fermentation chamber 80 is connected to the belt conveyor 85 is supplied with the dehydrated solids while passing through the compression transfer device 50 and the centrifugal separator 70 of the dehydration means, At the end of the belt conveyor 85, it is preferable to install the guide plate 87 so that solids smoothly flow into the fermentation chamber 80.

The moving stirring apparatus 90 is a traveling device 91 installed in the plate-shaped moving member 91 and the moving member 91 to move the moving member 91 in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation chamber 80. 92 and the stirring device 93 provided in the moving member 91 to stir and move the solids of the fermentation chamber 80.

The traveling device 92 is installed on the moving member 91, the driving motor 94 capable of forward and reverse rotation, the rotating shaft 95 to rotate by receiving the rotational force of the traveling motor 94, and the rotating shaft It consists of the driving wheel 96 provided in the 95.

In addition, the stirring device 93 is a stirring motor 97 is installed on the moving member 91, a plurality of wings are formed in a predetermined pattern and is rotated by receiving the rotational force of the stirring motor 97 It consists of a rotating member (98).

The food waste treatment system according to the present invention constituted as described above is finely pulverized while the supplied food waste passes through the crushing device 10 of the crushing means, and passes through the dilution stirrer 40 while the metal or glass After the foreign substances such as the filter is filtered, the water is removed by the compression transfer device 50 of the dewatering means is removed or the water is removed by the centrifugal separator 70 is supplied only to the fermentation means.

The solids of the food waste supplied to the fermentation chamber 80 of the fermentation means are slowly moved while the mobile stirring device 90 is stirred and fermented to be composted and discharged.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims and the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. Naturally, it belongs to the scope of the invention.

According to the food waste treatment method and processing system according to the present invention as described above, it is possible to continue to process the food waste continuously supplied, the treatment capacity is greatly increased, and the water contained in a large amount by the dehydration means is removed Since fermentation is performed next, composting is performed efficiently.

Claims (6)

Dilution stirrer for one or more grinders to crush lumps of pieces or fish contained in the supplied food waste, and evenly stir and dilute the crushed food waste, and settle and filter out foreign substances such as stones, glass, or metal pieces. Grinding means comprising a, and a centrifugal separator for removing the water contained in the desorption solution and dilution liquid by using a pressure feed device for removing water by compressing while transporting the solids in the crushed and foreign matter filtered food waste continuously and compression Fermentation means comprising a dehydration means including, and a fermentation chamber for composting by fermentation and drying as the solids, which are crushed and dehydrated food waste, are transferred, and a moving and stirring device for agitating and transporting the composted solids while moving in the fermentation chamber. Food waste disposal system consisting of. According to claim 1, wherein the grinding device of the crushing means is disposed in two stages, the inlet is formed on the upper side and the outlet is formed in the bottom and the cylindrical body rotatably installed on the body and the circumferential surface And a pair of grinding rollers having a plurality of grinding protrusions formed in a predetermined pattern and a grinding motor installed outside the body and rotating the grinding roller. The method of claim 1, wherein the compression transfer device of the dehydration means is the inner cylinder is formed with a plurality of fine water discharge holes for discharging water, the outer cylinder is formed using a solid material that can withstand sufficient pressure and the water discharge port is formed A cylindrical body consisting of a dual structure, a rotational roller rotatably installed on the body, and a compression roller formed in a spiral shape on a circumferential surface to convey and compress the food waste supplied, and through the rotational force transmission means. A food waste disposal system comprising a motor for rotating a transfer roller. 4. The food waste disposal system according to claim 3, wherein a conical compression member is applied to a tip of the inner cylinder of the body at a predetermined pressure by a cylinder. The method of claim 1, wherein the compression transfer device of the dehydration means is the inner cylinder is formed with a plurality of fine water discharge holes for discharging water, the outer cylinder is formed using a solid material that can withstand sufficient pressure and the water discharge port is formed A cylindrical body consisting of a dual structure, which is rotatably installed on the body and is formed of a plurality of stages, and a compression roller is formed on the circumferential surface in a spiral shape, and a conveying roller for compressing and feeding the food waste supplied; Food waste treatment system comprising a motor for rotating the transfer roller through a rotational force transmission means. According to claim 1, wherein between the dilution stirring device and the centrifugal separator agitating the diluent containing the food waste particles that are not transferred to the compression transfer device and the desorption liquid removed from the compression transfer device and agitated the pump Food waste treatment system is further installed through the storage stirring device for supplying to the centrifugal separator.

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