JPWO2017170167A1 - Surface treatment method and surface treatment liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

A surface treatment method capable of forming a region having a high surface treatment effect and a region having a low surface treatment effect on the object to be treated, and capable of forming a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface on the surface to be treated, and the surface treatment. A surface treatment solution preferably used for the method.
In a surface treatment method for forming a thin film having a surface modification function with a film thickness of 10 nm or less by rinsing the exposed and baked photosensitive surface treatment solution, the photosensitive surface treatment solution (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent, and (A) one or more selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group as the resin A resin having a functional group I which is a group and a functional group II which is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I, and (B) as a photoacid generator, the pKa is 1 by the action of light. The following compounds that generate strong acids are used.

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface treatment method and a surface treatment liquid suitably used in the surface treatment method.

  Conventionally, surface properties of various articles have been modified using various surface treatment liquids. Among surface modification, there is a great demand for hydrophilization or hydrophobization of the surface of articles, and many surface treatment methods for hydrophilization or hydrophobization and surface treatment liquids used in the method have been proposed.

  With respect to such a surface treatment method, for example, a surface conditioner containing a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1500 to 50000, which is a copolymer of at least an acrylamide monomer and a siloxy group-containing mono (meth) acrylate monomer having a specific skeleton, is used. A method for imparting hydrophilicity and antifouling properties to the coating surface has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5437523

However, when the hydrophilic treatment is performed using the surface conditioning agent described in Patent Document 1, even if the surface of the object to be treated is treated with a solution containing only the surface conditioning agent, the surface conditioning agent is not treated. It is difficult to adhere to the surface, and it is difficult to obtain a desired hydrophilic effect.
For this reason, in the method described in Patent Document 1, a liquid in which a resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin, an alkyd resin, an epoxy resin, or a polyamine resin is blended as a film forming component in the surface conditioner solution, Used as a processing solution.

And when using the surface treatment liquid containing the surface conditioning agent of patent document 1, and a film formation component, since the surface of a to-be-processed body will be coat | covered with the film containing resin, favorable hydrophilization can be performed. However, even useful surface properties of the object to be processed are impaired.
Further, depending on the use of the surface-treated material, it may be necessary to make a difference in the effect of the surface treatment between a portion that should be surface-treated and a portion that should not be surface-treated. Ideally, it is preferable that the portion subjected to the surface treatment and the portion not subjected to the surface treatment are finely patterned.
However, in the method using the surface conditioning agent used in the method described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to make a difference in the effect of the surface treatment for each part, or the surface treatment agent is finely and precisely coated and surface-treated. It is also difficult to provide places and places that are not surface-treated. As a result, in the method described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to make a difference in the effect of the surface treatment between a portion that should be surface-treated and a portion that should not be surface-treated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and even if it does not contain a film-forming resin, the surface of the object to be treated can be made hydrophilic or hydrophobic, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface treatment method capable of forming a region having a high surface treatment effect and a region having a low surface treatment effect on an object to be treated, and a surface treatment liquid suitably used for the surface treatment method. .

  In the surface treatment method of forming a thin film having a surface modification function with a film thickness of 10 nm or less by rinsing the exposed and baked photosensitive surface treatment liquid. The photosensitive surface treatment liquid contains (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent, and (A) the resin is selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group. A resin having a functional group I that is one or more selected groups and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; and (B) a photoacid generator, By using a compound that generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less by the action of the above, it has been found that the above problems can be solved, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

A first aspect of the present invention is a surface treatment method using a photosensitive surface treatment liquid,
Applying a photosensitive surface treatment liquid to the surface of the object to be processed to form a coating film;
Exposing at least a portion of the coating film;
Baking the exposed coating film;
Rinsing the baked coating film, and forming a thin film having a thickness of 10 nm or less on the exposed portion of the surface of the object to be processed,
The photosensitive surface treatment liquid contains (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent.
(A) the resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group; and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; Have
(B) The photoacid generator is a surface treatment method in which a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less is generated.

A second aspect of the present invention is a photosensitive surface treatment liquid used in the surface treatment method according to the first aspect,
(A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent,
(A) the resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group; and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; Have
(B) The photoacid generator is a photosensitive surface treatment liquid that generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less.

The third aspect of the present invention includes (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent,
(A) the resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group; and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; Have
(B) The photoacid generator is a photosensitive surface treatment liquid that generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less.

  According to the present invention, even if it does not contain a film-forming resin, the surface of the object to be treated can be well hydrophilized or hydrophobized, and the surface treatment effect is high on the object to be treated. , A region having a low surface treatment effect can be formed.

≪Surface treatment method≫
Hereinafter, a surface treatment method using a photosensitive surface treatment liquid will be described.
The surface treatment method is as follows:
Applying a photosensitive surface treatment liquid to the surface of the object to be processed to form a coating film;
Exposing at least a portion of the coating film;
Baking the exposed coating film;
Rinsing the baked coating film, and forming a thin film having a thickness of 10 nm or less on the exposed portion of the surface of the object to be processed.

The photosensitive surface treatment liquid (hereinafter also referred to as “treatment liquid”) includes (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent.
(A) the resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group; and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; Have
(B) A processing solution in which the photoacid generator generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less is used.

  Hereinafter, the photosensitive surface treatment liquid and each step included in the surface treatment method will be described.

<Photosensitive surface treatment solution>
Hereinafter, essential or optional components contained in the photosensitive surface treatment liquid will be described.

[(A) Resin]
(A) The resin has a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group. The reactivity or interaction between the functional group I and the surface of the non-treated body is enhanced by (B) a strong acid of pKa1 or less generated by the (B) photoacid generator, which will be described later. Bond or adhere.

(A) The resin has a functional group II which is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I. Hydrophilic treatment can be performed using a treatment liquid containing a hydrophilic group-containing (A) resin, and hydrophobic treatment can be performed using a treatment liquid containing a hydrophobic group-containing (A) resin.
The hydrophilic group or the hydrophobic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group conventionally recognized as a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group by those skilled in the art, and can be appropriately selected from the functional groups.

  The type of (A) resin is not particularly limited as long as (A) the resin has a predetermined functional group and is soluble in (C) the solvent. Examples of (A) resin include (meth) acrylic resin, novolac resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, and silicone resin. Among these resins, a (meth) acrylic resin is preferable because it is easy to introduce a functional group and adjust the content ratio of units having a functional group.

Specific examples of the hydrophilic group include polyoxyalkylene groups (for example, polyoxyethylene groups, polyoxypropylene groups, polyoxyalkylene groups in which oxyethylene groups and oxypropylene groups are blocked or randomly bonded), amino groups, carboxy groups, and the like. Group, hydroxyl group, sulfonic acid group and the like. Moreover, the organic group containing these groups is also preferable as a hydrophilic group.
When the hydrophilic group is an acidic group, the acidic group may form a salt. The cation constituting the salt is not particularly limited, and may be a metal ion or an organic cation. The cation is preferably a metal ion, more preferably an alkali metal ion, and particularly preferably a sodium ion or a potassium ion.

(A) When the resin has a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group containing a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group as the functional group II, the hydroxyl group, cyano group, or carboxy contained in the hydrophilic group or hydrophobic group The group also serves as the functional group I.
Therefore, when (A) the resin has a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group containing a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group as the functional group II, the (A) resin does not have the functional group I. Also good.
The hydrophilic group including a hydroxyl group and a carboxy group includes the hydroxyl group itself and the carboxy group itself.

As the hydrophilic group, the following formula (A1):
-NH-R ¹ (A1)
(In Formula (A1), R ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an amino group, a sulfonic acid group, and a hydroxyl group, or a hydrogen atom. .)
The group represented by these is preferable.

Specific examples of R ¹ in the hydrophilic group represented by the formula (A1) include an amino group and a group represented by the following formula.

Of the specific examples of R ¹ in the hydrophilic group represented by the above formula (A1), more preferable groups include the following groups.

Among the specific examples of R ¹ in the hydrophilic group represented by the above formula (A1), particularly preferable groups include the following groups.

Specific examples of the hydrophobic group include a fluorinated hydrocarbon group, a silyl group, a siloxane group, an alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. .
As the fluorinated hydrocarbon group, a group described later for the formula (A3) is preferable.
Preferable examples of the silyl group include a group represented by the formula (A4) described later and n is 0. Specific examples of the silyl group include a trimethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group, a tripropylsilyl group, a triisopropylsilyl group, a tert-butyldimethylsilyl group, and a triphenylsilyl group.
The siloxane group may be linear or branched. The siloxane group may be a monovalent group or a divalent or higher polyvalent group. For this reason, so-called organosiloxane compounds correspond to compounds having a siloxane group as a hydrophobic group. Preferable examples of the siloxane group include a group represented by the formula (A4) described later and n is 1 or more.

  The resin (A) is preferably a monomer polymer having an unsaturated bond because various functional groups can be easily introduced and the amount of the functional groups can be easily adjusted. Such polymers may be homopolymers or copolymers.

In this case, the functional group I of the resin (A) has the following formula (A2):
^{_{CH 2 = CR 2 - (R}} 3) a -CO-R 4 ··· (A2)
(In Formula (A2), R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ³ is a divalent hydrocarbon group, a is 0 or 1, and R ⁴ is —OH, —O—R ^5. Or —NH—R ⁵ , wherein R ⁵ is a hydrocarbon group substituted with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group.
Or the following formula (A2-1):
^{_{CH 2 = CR 2 - (R}} 3) a -SO 3 X ··· (A2-1)
(In Formula (A2-1), R ² , R ³ , and a are the same as in Formula (A2), and X is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal.)
It is preferably a group derived from a monomer represented by

In the above formula (A2), R ³ is a divalent hydrocarbon group. The number of carbon atoms of the divalent hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. (A) The number of carbon atoms of the divalent hydrocarbon group as R ³ is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 12, and particularly preferably 1 to 10 because it is easy to obtain and prepare the resin. 1 to 6 are most preferable.

The divalent hydrocarbon group as R ³ may be an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, or a hydrocarbon group including an aliphatic portion and an aromatic portion. When the divalent hydrocarbon group is an aliphatic group, the aliphatic group may be a saturated aliphatic group or an unsaturated aliphatic group. The structure of the aliphatic group may be linear, branched, cyclic, or a combination of these structures.

Preferable specific examples of R ³ include methylene group, ethane-1,2-diyl group, ethane-1,1-diyl group, propane-1,3-diyl group, propane-1,1-diyl group, propane -2,2-diyl group, n-butane-1,4-diyl group, n-pentane-1,5-diyl group, n-hexane-1,6-diyl group, n-heptane-1,7-diyl Group, n-octane-1,8-diyl group, n-nonane-1,9-diyl group, n-decane-1,10-diyl group, o-phenylene group, m-phenylene group, p-phenylene group, Naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, naphthalene-2,7-diyl group, naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, biphenyl-4,4′-diyl group and the like can be mentioned.

R ⁴ is —OH, —O—R ⁵ , or —NH—R ⁵ , and R ⁵ is substituted with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group. It is a hydrocarbon group.
The hydrocarbon group constituting the main skeleton of the R ⁵ group may be a linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
1-20 are preferable and, as for carbon number of a linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic group, 1-12 are more preferable.
Preferred examples of the linear or branched aliphatic group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group. N-pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group and the like. .
Suitable examples of the cyclic aliphatic group include cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, and cyclooctyl group, adamantane, norbornane, isobornane, tricyclodecane, And a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a polycycloalkane such as tetracyclododecane, and a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a C1-C4 alkyl substituent of these polycycloalkanes.
Preferable examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a biphenylyl group. The aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a C1-C4 alkyl group such as a methyl group or an ethyl group.

Specific examples of the unit derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A2) include the following units a2-1 to a2-9. Among the units a2-1 to a2-9 below, units a2-1 to a2-4 are more preferable.

  Suitable examples of the monomer represented by the formula (A2-1) include p-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium p-vinylbenzenesulfonate, potassium p-vinylbenzenesulfonate, m-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, Examples include sodium m-vinylbenzenesulfonate, potassium m-vinylbenzenesulfonate, vinylsulfonic acid, sodium vinylsulfonate, and potassium vinylsulfonate.

(A) When the resin has a hydrophobic group as the functional group II, the functional group II is represented by the following formula (A3):
^{_{CH 2 = CR 2 - (CO}} -O) b -R 6 ··· (A3)
(In formula (A3), R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, b is 0 or 1, R ⁶ is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group, or the following formula (A4):
^{-SiR 7 R 8 - (- O} -SiR 7 R 8 -) n -R 9 ··· (A4)
R ⁷ , R ⁸ , and R ⁹ are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 or more. )
It is preferably derived from a monomer represented by

In the formula (A3), when R ⁶ is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group, the hydrocarbon group constituting the main skeleton of the fluorinated hydrocarbon group is the hydrocarbon group constituting the main skeleton of the group of R ⁵ described above. It is the same. The fluorinated hydrocarbon group may be a group in which all hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group are substituted with fluorine atoms.
Specific examples of the fluorinated hydrocarbon group as R ⁶ include —CF ₃ , —CF ₂ CF ₃ , — (CF ₂ ) ₂ CF ₃ , — (CF ₂ ) ₃ CF ₃ , — (CF ₂ ) ₄ CF _{3, - (CF 2) 5} CF 3, - (CF 2) 6 CF 3, - (CF 2) 7 CF 3, - (CF 2) 8 CF 3, - (CF 2) 9 CF 3, -CH 2 CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₃ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₄ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₅ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₆ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₇ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₈ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CH ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CH ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₂ CF ₃ , — _{CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2)} 3 CF 3, -CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2) 4 CF 3, -CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2) 5 CF 3, -CH 2 CH 2 (CF 2) 6 CF 3 , —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₇ CF ₃ , —CH ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) _{3 CF 2 H, -CH 2 (CF} 2) 4 CF 2 H, -CH 2 (CF 2) 5 CF 2 H, -CH 2 (CF 2) 6 CF 2 H, -CH 2 (CF 2) 7 CF 2 H, —CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₈ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₂ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₃ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (C F ₂ ) ₄ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₅ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₆ CF ₂ H, —CH ₂ CH ₂ (CF ₂ ) ₇ CF ₂ H, And a chain fluorinated alkyl group such as —CH (CF ₃ ) ₂ ; a fluorinated aromatic group such as a pentafluorophenyl group, an o-trifluoromethylphenyl group, an m-trifluoromethylphenyl group, and a p-trifluoromethylphenyl group. Group hydrocarbon group; fluorinated alicyclic group such as octafluoroadamantyl group.

In the formula (A3), when R ⁶ is a group represented by the formula (A4), R ⁷ , R ⁸ , and R ⁹ are each independently a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a phenyl group. Preferably, R ⁷ , R ⁸ and R ⁹ are all methyl groups.
In formula (A4), the upper limit of n is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. n is preferably an integer of 0 or more and 35 or less, and more preferably an integer of 0 or more and 10 or less.

Specific preferred specific examples of the unit having a hydrophobic group derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A3) include the following units a3-1 to a3-24. Of the following units, units a3-8, a3-12, a3-18, a3-19, and a3-22 are more preferred.

When (A) the resin has a hydrophilic group as the functional group II, the functional group II is represented by the following formula (A5):
_{^{CH 2 = CR 2 -CO-NH}} -R 1 ··· (A5)
(In Formula (A5), R ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an amino group, a sulfonic acid group, and a hydroxyl group, or a hydrogen atom. R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
It is preferably derived from a monomer represented by

In formula (A5), R ¹ is as described above.

Specific preferred specific examples of the unit having a hydrophilic group derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A5) include the following units a5-1 to a5-5. Among the following units, units a5-1 to a5-4 are more preferable.

  (A) When the resin is a polymer of a monomer having an unsaturated bond, the polymer is derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A2) as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Other structural units other than the unit derived from the monomer represented by Formula (A3) and the unit derived from the monomer represented by Formula (A5) may be included.

  Other structural units include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate-n-propyl, (meth) acrylate-n-butyl, (Meth) acrylic acid isobutyl, (meth) acrylic acid-tert-butyl, (meth) acrylic acid-n-pentyl, (meth) acrylic acid isopentyl, (meth) acrylic acid phenyl, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N -Ethyl (meth) acrylamide, Nn-propyl (meth) acrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth) acrylamide, Nn-butyl (meth) acrylamide, Nn-pentyl (meth) acrylamide, N-isopentyl (meta ) Acrylamide, N-phenyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl ( T) acrylamide, N, N-diethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-di-n-propyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-di-n-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-di-n- Examples include structural units derived from monomers such as pentyl (meth) acrylamide, styrene, α-methylstyrene, β-methylstyrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, and chlorostyrene.

  (A) When the resin is a polymer of a monomer having an unsaturated bond, the molar ratio of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A2) in all the structural units contained in the polymer Is preferably 0.1 to 50 mol%, more preferably 1 to 20 mol%, and particularly preferably 1 to 15 mol%.

(A) When resin is a polymer of the monomer which has an unsaturated bond, the structure derived from the monomer represented by Formula (A3) or (A5) in all the structural units contained in this polymer The molar ratio of the units is preferably 50 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 60 to 99 mol%, and particularly preferably 70 to 99 mol%.
However, when the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the formula (A5) contains any one of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, the formula (A5) in all the structural units contained in the polymer The ratio of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by may be 100%.

Moreover, following formula (A6):
^{A 1 -SiR 10 R 11 -O -} (- SiR 10 A 2 -O-) p -SiR 10 R 11 A 3
... (A6)
(In Formula (A6), R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and A ¹ , A ² , and A ³ are each independently a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, A carboxy group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein at least one of A ¹ , A ² and A ³ is a hydroxyl group, a cyano group or a carboxy group, and p is an integer of 0 or more. .)
Is also suitable as the resin (A). The siloxane compound represented by the formula (A6) corresponds to the (A) resin having a siloxane group as a hydrophobic group.
A plurality of R ¹⁰ present in the formula (A6) may be the same or different. In the formula (A6), a plurality of R ^{11 s} may be the same or different.

R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are each independently preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a phenyl group, and more preferably, R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are all methyl groups.
In addition, when A ¹ , A ² , and A ³ are hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, A ¹ , A ² , and A ³ are each independently a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a phenyl group It is preferably a group, and more preferably a methyl group.

The amount of the resin (A) contained in the treatment liquid is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and is appropriately determined in consideration of the application property of the treatment liquid. Typically, the amount of the (A) resin in the treatment liquid is preferably the following relationship between the amount of the (A) resin in the treatment liquid and the amount of the (C) solvent described later. .
When the mass of the resin in the treatment liquid is 100 parts by mass, the amount of the solvent (C) described later is preferably 100 to 100000 parts by mass, more preferably 500 to 80000 parts by mass, and 1000 to 1000 parts by mass. The amount is particularly preferably 60000 parts by mass.

[(B) Photoacid generator]
The treatment liquid contains (B) a photoacid generator. (B) The photoacid generator generates a strong acid of pKa1 or less by the action of light. Note that pKa is a value in water.
(B) The strong acid generated by the photogenerating agent acts on the functional group I of the (A) resin, thereby promoting (A) adhesion or bonding of the resin to the surface of the object to be processed.
The type of (B) photoacid generator is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less by the action of light. (B) A photo-acid generator can be used in combination of 2 or more types.

  (B) As a suitable example of the strong acid which a photo-acid generator generates, fluorinated aliphatic carboxylic acid (for example, trifluoroacetic acid etc.), fluorosulfonic acid, C1-C30 alkanesulfonic acid (for example, methane sulfone) Acid, dodecanesulfonic acid, etc.), arylsulfonic acid (eg, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc.), fluoroalkanesulfonic acid having 1 to 30 carbon atoms (eg, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, pentafluoroethanesulfonic acid, hepta) Fluoropropanesulfonic acid, nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid, undecafluoropentanesulfonic acid and tridecafluorohexanesulfonic acid), bissulfonylimide compound, cyclic sulfonylimide compound in which two sulfonyl groups are linked by a fluoroalkylene group, and N -Acyl Le Oro alkanesulfonic acid amide.

  When these strong acids contain fluoroalkyl groups or fluoroalkylene groups, these groups may be partially fluorinated fluoroalkyl groups or fluoroalkylene groups and are fully fluorinated perfluorocarbon groups. It may be a fluoroalkyl group or a perfluoroalkylene group.

  Among these strong acids, fluorosulfonic acid, alkanesulfonic acid having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, fluoroalkanesulfonic acid having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, bis (fluoroalkylsulfonyl) imidic acid, and two sulfonyl groups are fluoroalkylene. Preferred are cyclic sulfonimidic acid linked by a group and N-acylfluoroalkanesulfonic acid amide, fluoroalkanesulfonic acid having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, bissulfonylimide compound, and two sulfonyl groups linked by a fluoroalkylene group. Cyclic sulfonylimide compounds and N-acylfluoroalkanesulfonic acid amides are preferred.

  As the fluoroalkanesulfonic acid having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, pentafluoroethanesulfonic acid, heptafluoropropanesulfonic acid, nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid and the like are preferable.

式（Ｂ１）中、Ｘ^１及びＸ^２は、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも１つの電子吸引性基で置換された炭化水素基を表す。炭化水素基は、式（Ｂ１）で表される化合物の強酸性が損なわれない範囲で、電子吸引性基以外の種々の基で置換されていてもよい。Ｘ^１及びＸ^２の炭素原子数は、１〜２０が好ましく、１〜１０がより好ましく、１〜７が特に好ましい。
電子吸引性基で置換された炭化水素基としては、フッ素化アルキル基、ニトロ基を有するアリール基が好ましい。フッ素化アルキル基は、直鎖状でも、分岐鎖状でも、環状でもよい。フッ素化アルキル基は、完全にフッ素化されたパーフルオロアルキル基であるのが好ましい。ニトロ基を有するアリール基としては、ｏ−ニトロフェニル基、ｍ−ニトロフェニル基、及びｐ−ニトロフェニル基が好ましく、ｐ−ニトロフェニル基がより好ましい。As the bissulfonylimide compound, a compound represented by the following formula (B1) is preferable.

In formula (B1), X ¹ and X ² each independently represent a hydrocarbon group substituted with at least one electron-withdrawing group. The hydrocarbon group may be substituted with various groups other than the electron-withdrawing group as long as the strong acidity of the compound represented by the formula (B1) is not impaired. X ¹ and the carbon atoms of ^{X 2} is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, 1 to 7 is particularly preferable.
The hydrocarbon group substituted with an electron-withdrawing group is preferably an aryl group having a fluorinated alkyl group or a nitro group. The fluorinated alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. The fluorinated alkyl group is preferably a fully fluorinated perfluoroalkyl group. As an aryl group having a nitro group, an o-nitrophenyl group, an m-nitrophenyl group, and a p-nitrophenyl group are preferable, and a p-nitrophenyl group is more preferable.

Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (B1) include compounds represented by the following formula.

式（Ｂ２）中、Ｘ^３は、少なくとも１つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキレン基を表す。Ｘ^３の炭素原子数は、２〜６が好ましく、３〜５がより好ましく、３が特に好ましい。As the cyclic sulfonylimide compound in which two sulfonyl groups are linked by a fluoroalkylene group, a compound represented by the following formula (B2) is preferable.

In formula (B2), X ³ represents a linear or branched alkylene group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom. The number of carbon atoms of X ³ is 2-6, more preferably 3-5, most preferably 3.

Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (B2) include compounds represented by the following formula.

式（Ｂ３）中、Ｘ^４は、少なくとも１つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキル基を表す。Ｘ^４の炭素原子数は、１〜１０が好ましく、１〜７がより好ましく、１〜３が特に好ましい。
Ｘ^５は、炭化水素基である。炭化水素基について、前述のＲ^５の基の主骨格を構成する炭化水素基と同様である。As the N-acylfluoroalkanesulfonic acid amide, a compound represented by the following formula (B3) is preferable.

In formula (B3), X ⁴ represents a linear or branched alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom. The number of carbon atoms in X ⁴ are 1-10, more preferably 1-7, 1-3 are particularly preferred.
X ⁵ is a hydrocarbon group. The hydrocarbon group is the same as the hydrocarbon group constituting the main skeleton of the aforementioned R ⁵ group.

Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (B3) include compounds of the following formula.

(B) As a photo-acid generator, the compound which can generate | occur | produce the preferable strong acid demonstrated above is preferable.
As such a compound, an onium salt compound comprising an anion derived from the above strong acid and an onium ion is preferable. As an onium ion, an iodonium ion and a sulfonium ion are preferable, and a sulfonium ion is more preferable.

  Preferable examples of onium ions include triphenylsulfonium, tri-p-tolylsulfonium, 4- (phenylthio) phenyldiphenylsulfonium, bis [4- (diphenylsulfonio) phenyl] sulfide, bis [4- {bis [4 -(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] sulfonio} phenyl] sulfide, bis {4- [bis (4-fluorophenyl) sulfonio] phenyl} sulfide, 4- (4-benzoyl-2-chlorophenylthio) phenylbis (4- Fluorophenyl) sulfonium, 7-isopropyl-9-oxo-10-thia-9,10-dihydroanthracen-2-yldi-p-tolylsulfonium, 7-isopropyl-9-oxo-10-thia-9,10-dihydro Anthracen-2-yldiphenylsulfur 2-[(diphenyl) sulfonio] thioxanthone, 4- [4- (4-tert-butylbenzoyl) phenylthio] phenyldi-p-tolylsulfonium, 4- (4-benzoylphenylthio) phenyldiphenylsulfonium, diphenylphenacyl Sulfonium, 4-hydroxyphenylmethylbenzylsulfonium, 2-naphthylmethyl (1-ethoxycarbonyl) ethylsulfonium, 4-hydroxyphenylmethylphenacylsulfonium, phenyl [4- (4-biphenylthio) phenyl] 4-biphenylylsulfonium, Phenyl [4- (4-biphenylthio) phenyl] 3-biphenylsulfonium, [4- (4-acetophenylthio) phenyl] diphenylsulfonium, octadecylmethylphenacylsulfur Ni, diphenyliodonium, di-p-tolyliodonium, bis (4-dodecylphenyl) iodonium, bis (4-methoxyphenyl) iodonium, (4-octyloxyphenyl) phenyliodonium, bis (4-decyloxy) phenyliodonium, 4 -(2-Hydroxytetradecyloxy) phenylphenyliodonium, 4-isopropylphenyl (p-tolyl) iodonium, 4-isobutylphenyl (p-tolyl) iodonium, and the like.

  Moreover, the sulfonium ion represented by the following formula (B4) is also preferable as the onium ion constituting the onium salt.

In the above formula (B4), R ^b1 is independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, halogen atom, aryl optionally having substituent (s), arylcarbonyl, Represents a group selected from the group consisting of X ⁶ is a structure represented by the following formula (B5).

In the above formula (B5), X ⁷ represents a divalent group of an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a heterocyclic compound having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, ⁷ is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, hydroxy, cyano, nitro groups, and halogen. May be substituted. X ⁸ is —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO ₂ —, —NH—, —NR ^b2 —, —CO—, —COO—, —CONH—, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Or a phenylene group. h represents the number of repeating units in the structure in parentheses. The h + 1 X ⁶ and the h X ⁷ may be the same or different. R ^b2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

  Specific examples of the sulfonium ion represented by the above formula (B4) include 4- (phenylthio) phenyldiphenylsulfonium, 4- (4-benzoyl-2-chlorophenylthio) phenylbis (4-fluorophenyl) sulfonium, 4- (4-benzoylphenylthio) phenyldiphenylsulfonium, phenyl [4- (4-biphenylthio) phenyl] 4-biphenylsulfonium, phenyl [4- (4-biphenylthio) phenyl] 3-biphenylsulfonium, [4- (4 -Acetophenylthio) phenyl] diphenylsulfonium, diphenyl [4- (p-terphenylthio) phenyl] diphenylsulfonium.

  Moreover, the onium salt which consists of a cation part which has a naphthalene ring, and the anion part derived from said strong acid is also preferable as (B) photo-acid generator. This “having a naphthalene ring” means having a structure derived from naphthalene, and means that at least two ring structures and their aromaticity are maintained. The naphthalene ring may have a substituent such as a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxyl group, or a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. . The structure derived from the naphthalene ring may be a monovalent group (one free valence) or a divalent group (two free valences) or more, but may be a monovalent group. Desirable (however, at this time, the free valence is counted excluding the portion bonded to the substituent). The number of naphthalene rings is preferably 1 to 3.

  As the onium ion having a naphthalene ring, an onium ion represented by the following formula (B6) is preferable.

In the above formula (B6), at least one of R ^b3 , R ^b4 and R ^b5 represents a group represented by the following formula (B7), and the rest is a linear or branched group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, or a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Alternatively, one of R ^b3 , R ^b4 , and R ^b5 is a group represented by the following formula (B7), and the remaining two are each independently a linear or branched group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It is an alkylene group, and these terminals may be bonded to form a ring.

In the formula (B7), R ^b6 and R ^b7 are each independently a hydroxyl group, a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R ^b8 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a single bond or a substituent. l and m each independently represent an integer of 0 to 2, and l + m is 3 or less. However, when two or more ^Rb6 exists, they may be mutually the same or different. Moreover, when two or more ^Rb7 exists, they may mutually be same or different.

Of the R ^b3 , R ^b4 , and R ^b5 , the number of groups represented by the formula (B7) is preferably one from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound, and the rest is a straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Or branched alkylene groups, and these ends may be bonded to form a ring. In this case, the two alkylene groups constitute a 3- to 9-membered ring including a sulfur atom. The number of atoms (including sulfur atoms) constituting the ring is preferably 5-6.

  Examples of the substituent that the alkylene group may have include an oxygen atom (in this case, a carbonyl group is formed together with a carbon atom constituting the alkylene group), a hydroxyl group, and the like.

  In addition, examples of the substituent that the phenyl group may have include a hydroxyl group, a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Groups and the like.

  Suitable examples of these cationic moieties include those represented by the following formulas (B8) and (B9), and the structure represented by the following formula (B9) is particularly preferred.

  The content of the (B) photoacid generator in the treatment liquid is not particularly limited as long as the surface treatment with the treatment liquid can be performed satisfactorily. The content of the (B) photoacid generator in the treatment liquid is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (A) resin. 1 to 5 parts by mass is particularly preferable.

[(C) Solvent]
(C) A solvent will not be specifically limited if (A) resin and (B) photo-acid generator are soluble. If a predetermined amount of (A) resin and (B) photoacid generator is dissolved in the treatment liquid, the treatment liquid is not dissolved in (A) resin and (B) photoacid. It may contain a generating agent. It is preferable that (A) resin and (B) photoacid generator are completely dissolved in the treatment liquid.
When the treatment liquid contains insoluble matter, the insoluble matter may adhere to the surface of the object to be treated during the surface treatment. In this case, the insoluble matter adhering to the surface of the object to be processed can be removed by rinsing the surface of the object to be processed by a method described later.

  (C) The solvent may be water, an organic solvent, or an aqueous solution of an organic solvent.

(C) As a specific example of the organic solvent used as a solvent,
C1- such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-pentyl alcohol, sec-pentyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, tert-pentyl alcohol, etc. C5 alkanols;
Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide;
Sulfones such as dimethylsulfone, diethylsulfone, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) sulfone, tetramethylenesulfone;
Amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylacetamide, N, N-diethylacetamide;
Lactams such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-propyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-hydroxyethyl-2-pyrrolidone;
Imidazolidinones such as 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, 1,3-diethyl-2-imidazolidinone, 1,3-diisopropyl-2-imidazolidinone;
Dialkyl glycol ethers such as dimethyl glycol, dimethyl diglycol, dimethyl triglycol, methyl ethyl diglycol, diethyl glycol, triethylene glycol butyl methyl ether;
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n- Butyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, di Propylene glycol mono Chirueteru, dipropylene glycol mono -n- propyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono -n- butyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monoethyl (poly) alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ether;
(Poly) alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetates such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate;
Other ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, diisoamyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran;
Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone;
Lactic acid alkyl esters such as methyl 2-hydroxypropionate and ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate; ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid Methyl, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl ethoxyacetate, ethyl hydroxyacetate, methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutylpropionate, acetic acid Ethyl, acetic acid-n-propyl, acetic acid-i-propyl, acetic acid-n-butyl, acetic acid-i-butyl, formic acid-n-pentyl, acetic acid-i-pentyl, propionic acid-n-butyl, ethyl butyrate, butyric acid -N-propyl, i-propyl butyrate, n-butyl butyrate, Methyl bottles, ethyl pyruvate, pyruvate -n- propyl, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, other esters such as ethyl 2-oxobutanoate;
Lactones such as β-propyrolactone, γ-butyrolactone, δ-pentyrolactone;
n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, methyloctane, n-decane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, 2,2,4 , 4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and the like linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons;
Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, naphthalene;
and terpenes such as p-menthane, diphenylmenthane, limonene, terpinene, bornane, norbornane, and pinane;

  When the (C) solvent is a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent, the content of the organic solvent in the (C) solvent is preferably 10% by mass or more, and more preferably 20% by mass or more.

<Other ingredients>
The treatment liquid may contain various components other than (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Examples of other components include colorants, surfactants, antifoaming agents, viscosity modifiers, and the like.

<Method for preparing treatment liquid>
The method for preparing the treatment liquid is not particularly limited. The treatment liquid is typically prepared by uniformly mixing a predetermined amount of (A) resin, (B) photoacid generator, (C) solvent, and other components as necessary. Is done.

<Coating film formation process>
The surface treatment liquid described above is applied to the surface of the object to be processed to form a coating film.
The method for applying the surface treatment liquid is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the coating method include spin coating, spraying, roller coating, and dipping. When the object to be processed is a substrate, the surface of the substrate can be uniformly hydrophilized or hydrophobized by uniformly applying the surface treatment liquid. Therefore, the spin coating method is preferable as the coating method.

The material of the surface to which the surface treatment liquid is applied is not particularly limited, and may be an organic material or an inorganic material.
Examples of the organic material include various resin materials such as polyester resins such as PET resin and PBT resin, various nylons, polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polystyrene, and (meth) acrylic resins.
Photosensitive resin components and alkali-soluble resin components contained in various resist materials are also preferable as the organic material.
Examples of the inorganic material include various metals such as glass, silicon, copper, aluminum, iron, and tungsten. The metal may be an alloy.

The material of the surface to be surface-treated with the above-mentioned surface treatment liquid is not particularly limited. However, when the material of the surface to which the surface treatment liquid is applied is an organic material, the functional group I has a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxy group ( A) It is preferable to use a surface treatment liquid containing a resin.
When the material of the surface to which the surface treatment liquid is applied is an inorganic material, (A) the functional group I of the resin is preferably any of a hydroxyl group, a carboxy group, and a cyano group.

  The shape of the object to be processed is not particularly limited. The object to be processed may be a flat substrate, and may be, for example, a spherical shape or a three-dimensional shape such as a column shape. Further, the surface of the object to be processed may be smooth, or may have regular or irregular irregularities.

  After the surface treatment liquid is applied to the surface of the object to be processed, at least a part of the solvent (C) may be removed by heating the coating film as necessary.

<Exposure process>
The coating film formed as described above is exposed by, for example, irradiating ultraviolet rays or visible rays having a wavelength of 300 to 500 nm. The exposure is performed on a portion where hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity is desired.
When it is desired to highly hydrophilize or hydrophobize the entire portion where the coating film is formed, the entire surface of the coating film is exposed. If you want to highly hydrophilize or hydrophobize a part of the part where the coating film is formed and reduce the degree of hydrophilization or hydrophobization in other parts, select only the location where you want to make it highly hydrophobized or hydrophobized. Exposure is performed.
A method for performing position-selective exposure is not particularly limited, but is usually performed through a photomask.

As a radiation source, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, an argon gas laser, or the like can be used. The radiation includes microwaves, infrared rays, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, γ rays, electron beams, proton beams, neutron beams, ion beams, and the like. The radiation dose (exposure dose) is typically 100 to 10,000 mJ / cm ² in the case of using an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, for example.

<Bake process>
Next, the exposed coating film is baked. Typically, the baking temperature is preferably 40 to 200 ° C, more preferably 60 to 150 ° C. The baking time is preferably 10 to 6000 seconds, and more preferably 10 to 300 seconds.

<Rinse process>
The baked coating film is rinsed.
As described above, when a surface treatment liquid containing (A) a resin having a predetermined functional group and (B) a photoacid generator is applied to the surface of the object to be processed and then exposed to light, (B) photoacid generation is performed. By the action of the strong acid generated from the agent, the (A) resin adheres or binds well to the surface of the object to be treated.
However, a certain amount of (A) resin that is not attached or bonded to the surface is present on the surface of the object to be processed, particularly the unexposed portion.
However, by rinsing the coating film, the resin (A) not attached to the surface of the object to be processed is washed away.
As a result, a thin film having a thickness of 10 nm or less is formed on the exposed portion of the surface of the object by rinsing.
The film thickness of the thin film can be measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry.

  When using the surface treatment liquid containing (A) resin having a hydrophilic group as the functional group II, it is preferable to rinse with water. Moreover, when using the surface treatment liquid containing (A) resin which has a hydrophobic group as the functional group II, it is preferable to perform rinsing with an organic solvent. The organic solvent is preferably an organic solvent contained as a (C) solvent in the surface treatment liquid.

  After rinsing, the surface of the object to be treated is dried to obtain an article that is well hydrophilized or hydrophobized.

  Various articles surface-treated by the method described above can highly hydrophilize or hydrophobize only necessary portions, while reducing the degree of hydrophilization or hydrophobization of other portions. As the article subjected to such a surface treatment, for example, a cell culture instrument, a microchannel device for circulating a liquid containing a biological sample such as a cell, and the like are suitable. By the surface treatment, antifouling property, antifogging property and the like are imparted to various articles.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

[Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4]
In each Example and Comparative Example, the resin described in Table 1 was used as the (A) resin.
Structural units A-1a to A-6a described in Table 1 are structural units that impart a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group to the resin (A). In the formula representing A-6a, n is the number of repeating units in parentheses.
The structural units A-1b to A-3b described in Table 1 are units that give a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, or a carboxy group to the (A) resin.
Structural units A-1c and A-2c described in Table 1 are structural units that do not have any of a hydrophilic group, a hydrophobic group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group.
Compounds 1 to 4 listed in Table 1 are organosiloxane compounds having the following structures, respectively. In the formulas representing compounds 1 to 4, n, n1 and n2 are the number of repeating units in each parenthesis.

Regarding the following siloxane compounds, the amount of hydroxyl group of compound 1 is 58 mgKOH / mol, the amount of carboxy group of compound 3 is 4000 g / mol, and the amount of hydrogen atom directly bonded to the silicon atom of compound 4 is 60 g / mol.

In Examples and Comparative Examples, the following photoacid generators B1 to B3 were used. B1 and B2 are photoacid generators that generate a strong acid with a pKa of 1 or less, and B3 is a photoacid generator that generates an acid with a pKa of more than 1.

10 parts by mass of the resin (A) of the type shown in Table 1 and (B) the photoacid generator of the type and amount shown in Table 2 are uniform in the solvent (C) of the type and amount shown in Table 2. The surface treatment liquids of the examples and comparative examples were obtained.
PGME in Table 2 is propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and PGMEA is propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.

The obtained surface treatment solution was spin-coated on a glass substrate at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds, and then dried at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds to obtain a coating film.
The obtained coating film was exposed at an exposure amount of 1000 mJ / cm ² using a HMW-532D (manufactured by ORC) through a mask.
The exposed coating film was baked at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds and then rinsed to obtain a surface-treated glass substrate.
In Examples 1 to 3, Example 7, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 4 using a resin having a hydrophilic group, rinsing was performed with water. In other examples and comparative examples, rinsing was performed with PGMEA.

After the rinsed glass substrate was dried, the contact angle of water on the glass substrate was measured for each of the exposed part and the unexposed part. The contact angle of water is measured by dropping a pure water droplet (2.0 μL) on the surface of the surface-treated substrate using Dropmaster 700 (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) and measuring the contact angle 10 seconds after the dropping. did. The measurement results of the water contact angle are shown in Table 2.
In addition, about the board | substrate after drying, although the exposed location was confirmed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, presence of the thin film with a film thickness of 10 nm or less was observed in the Example, and presence of the thin film was not observed in the comparative example.

  According to the examples, the functional group I is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I; When a surface treatment liquid containing (A) a resin having a pKa of 1 or less and (B) a photoacid generator is used, the coating film made of the surface treatment liquid is exposed and then baked and rinsed. Thus, it can be seen that only the exposed portion on the substrate can be made hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

  According to Comparative Examples 1 to 3, when the (A) resin does not have any of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, the surface treatment liquid generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less. (B) Photoacid generation It can be seen that even if an agent is included, the exposed area cannot be made hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

  According to Comparative Example 4, even though the resin (A) has a functional group I that is a carboxy group and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group, the surface treatment solution generates an acid having a pKa of more than 1. It can be seen that when the (B) photoacid generator is included, the exposed portion cannot be made hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

[Examples 11 to 15]
In Example 11, a surface treatment liquid obtained by uniformly mixing (A) 10 parts by mass of a resin, (B) 0.1 parts by mass of a photoacid generator, and 1000 parts by mass of PGMEA was used.
The resin contained in the surface treatment liquid of Example 11 is a resin containing the aforementioned A-4a unit and A-2b unit at a molar ratio of 95: 5 (A-4a: A-2b).
In addition, the (B) photoacid generator contained in the surface treatment liquid of Example 11 is the compound of B2 described above.
Implemented except for using the surface treatment liquid of the type shown in Table 3, changing the type of the substrate to the type shown in Table 3, and performing the exposure on the entire coating film, respectively. In the same manner as in Example 1, the contact angle of water after the surface treatment was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the PET film and the silicon wafer have an untreated water contact angle of about 70 ° for the PET film and about 10 ° for the silicon wafer.

According to Example 11, when the resin (A) contained in the surface treatment liquid has a cyano group as the functional group I, it can be seen that the surface of the substrate made of an inorganic material (silicon) is hydrophobicized well.
According to Examples 12 to 15, when the resin (A) contained in the surface treatment liquid has a hydroxyl group or a carboxy group as the functional group I, the surface of the substrate made of an inorganic material (silicon) is also an organic material (PET). It can be seen that the surface of the substrate made of is also hydrophobicized well.

Claims (11)

A surface treatment method using a photosensitive surface treatment liquid,
Applying the photosensitive surface treatment liquid on the surface of the object to be processed to form a coating film;
Exposing at least a portion of the coating film;
Baking the exposed coating film;
Rinsing the baked coating film, and forming a thin film having a thickness of 10 nm or less on the exposed portion of the surface of the object to be processed,
The photosensitive surface treatment liquid contains (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent,
The (A) resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, and a functional group that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I. II,
(B) A surface treatment method in which the photoacid generator generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less.   The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein exposure of the coating film is performed position-selectively through a photomask. The hydrophilic group of the functional group II is represented by the following formula (A1):
-NH-R ¹ (A1)
(In Formula (A1), R ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an amino group, a sulfonic acid group, and a hydroxyl group, or a hydrogen atom. .)
The surface treatment method of Claim 1 or 2 which is group represented by these. The functional group I is represented by the following formula (A2):
_{^{CH 2 = CR 2 - (R}} 3) a -CO-R 4 ··· (A2)
(In Formula (A2), R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R ³ is a divalent hydrocarbon group, a is 0 or 1, and R ⁴ is —OH, —O—R ^5. Or —NH—R ⁵ , wherein R ⁵ is a hydrocarbon group substituted with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group.
Or the following formula (A2-1):
_{^{CH 2 = CR 2 - (R}} 3) a -SO 3 X ··· (A2-1)
(In Formula (A2-1), R ² , R ³ , and a are the same as in Formula (A2), and X is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal.)
The surface treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, derived from a monomer represented by:   The hydrophobic group of the functional group II is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a fluorinated hydrocarbon group, a silyl group, and a siloxane group, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Surface treatment method. The functional group II is a hydrophobic group, and the following formula (A3):
_{^{CH 2 = CR 2 - (CO}} -O) b -R 6 ··· (A3)
(In formula (A3), R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, b is 0 or 1, R ⁶ is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group, or the following formula (A4):
^{-SiR 7 R 8 - (- O} -SiR 7 R 8 -) n -R 9 ··· (A4)
R ⁷ , R ⁸ , and R ⁹ are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 0 or more. )
The surface treatment method of any one of Claims 1, 2, 4, and 5 derived from the monomer represented by these. The functional group II is a hydrophilic group, and the following formula (A5):
_{^{CH 2 = CR 2 -CO-NH}} -R 1 ··· (A5)
(In Formula (A5), R ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an amino group, a sulfonic acid group, and a hydroxyl group, or a hydrogen atom. R ² is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)
The surface treatment method of any one of Claims 1-4 which originates in the monomer represented by these. The hydrophobic group is the siloxane group;
The resin (A) is represented by the following formula (A6):
^{A 1 -SiR 10 R 11 -O -} (- SiR 10 A 2 -O-) p -SiR 10 R 11 A 3
... (A6)
(In Formula (A6), R ¹⁰ and R ¹¹ are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and A ¹ , A ² , and A ³ are each independently a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, A carboxy group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein at least one of A ¹ , A ² and A ³ is a hydroxyl group, a cyano group or a carboxy group, and p is an integer of 0 or more. .)
The surface treatment method of Claim 5 which is a siloxane compound represented by these.   The material of the surface to which the surface treatment liquid is applied is an organic material, and the (A) resin has, as the functional group I, a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxy group. The surface treatment method as described. It is the photosensitive surface treatment liquid used in the surface treatment method of any one of Claims 1-8,
(A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent,
The (A) resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, and a functional group that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I. II,
The photosensitive surface treatment liquid in which the (B) photoacid generator generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less. (A) a resin, (B) a photoacid generator, and (C) a solvent,
The (A) resin is a functional group I that is one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxy group, and a functional group that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I. II,
The photosensitive surface treatment liquid in which the (B) photoacid generator generates a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less.