JPS6347560A - Belt type continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a transmission structure simplifiable as a whole, by setting up a forward clutch in a forward driving system and a backward clutch in a backward driving system, respectively, and using these clutches as a selector. CONSTITUTION:When a forward clutch 20 is connected, power out of a motor output shaft 2 is inputted into a driving side pulley 12 of a continuously variable transmission 10 by way of a clutch 3 and both first and second parts 11a and 11b of an input shaft 11. And it is transmitted to a driven side pulley 14 via a belt 15 after being shifted by what an effective pitch diameter is variably controlled, and the inputted into an output shaft 13, an output gearing 30 and a differential gear 4. On the other hand, when the forward clutch 20 is disengaged and a backward clutch 50 is connected, the first part 11a of the input shaft 11 is connected to a reverse gear train 40. And, power out of the motor output shaft 2 via the clutch 3 is transmitted to a final gear 5 from a gear 41 by way of a gear train, driving the differential gear 4 in the backward direction. Thus a transmission structure is simplifiable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a belt-type continuously variable transmission that can be used as an automobile transmission, and particularly to a continuously variable transmission that can be switched between forward and reverse modes.

(Prior art) For example, as shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-33422, a continuously variable transmission device in which a driving pulley and a driven pulley with variable effective pitch diameters are connected by a belt is used as an automobile transmission. Attempts have been made to use it as a
A gear device is required to enable switching of the output rotation direction, that is, switching between forward and backward movement.

However, in conventional transmissions of this kind, as shown in the above-mentioned publication, the gear device for forward/reverse switching (the primary reduction gear in the above-mentioned publication) is equipped with a clutch that connects and disconnects the driving force from the prime mover. The gear unit is interposed between the drive pulley of the continuously variable transmission and the input rotation to the continuously variable transmission itself is reversed by switching the gear unit. However, such a configuration may cause the following problems.

In other words, when this belt-type continuously variable transmission device is used in an automobile transmission, it is configured to automatically change gears in the direction of increasing the speed as the vehicle speed increases, but when the automobile is reversing, this If such a gear shift is performed, the vehicle speed will increase against the driver's will, which is unfavorable from a safety standpoint. To solve this problem, it is possible to fix the reduction ratio of the continuously variable transmission when reversing the vehicle, but in that case, the speed change control device becomes complicated.

To solve the above problems, for example,
As shown in Publication No. 0-205059, a transmission using a continuously variable transmission in which a driving pulley with a variable effective pitch diameter and a driven pulley are connected by a belt, and in particular, it is possible to switch between forward and backward movement. In this transmission, power may be transmitted through the continuously variable transmission only during forward movement, and power from the prime mover may be output through the reverse gear train during backward movement.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the continuously variable transmission disclosed in the above-mentioned published patent application, the drive-side pulley of the continuously variable transmission is connected to the clutch output shaft that connects and disconnects power from the prime mover. A special switching device that selectively connects the first transmission path leading to the input shaft and the second transmission path leading from the clutch output shaft to the second output gear via the reverse gear train and the second intermediate shaft. However, there is a problem in that the overall structure becomes somewhat complicated.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The belt-type continuously variable transmission of the present invention connects both pulleys to a driving pulley and a driven pulley having variable effective pitch diameters, which are provided on the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively. a forward drive system having a continuously variable transmission configured with a belt; a forward drive system having a reverse gear train provided in parallel with the continuously variable transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft; The present invention is characterized by comprising a forward clutch disposed on the output side of the input shaft from a connection position of the reverse gear train, and a reverse clutch disposed in the reverse drive system.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) In the belt type continuously variable transmission of the present invention, as described above, the forward drive system is provided with a forward clutch, and the reverse drive system is provided with a reverse clutch, and these Since the clutch can also be used as the above-mentioned switching device in a conventional continuously variable transmission, there is no need to provide a special switching device unlike in the past, and the overall structure of the transmission is therefore simple. .

(Example) Hereinafter, a belt type continuously variable transmission according to an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a belt-type continuously variable transmission 1 is powered by human power via a clutch 3, which is, for example, a fluid coupling, attached to the shaft end of an output shaft 2 by a prime mover (not shown). It drives the differential device 4, and has a continuously variable transmission device 10, an output gear device 30, and a reverse gear train 40 as main components, and these are arranged in the case 1'. It is said to be composed of

The continuously variable speed bag @10 includes a driving pulley 12 on an input shaft 11 arranged concentrically with the clutch 3, and a driven pulley 1 on an output shaft 13 arranged parallel to the input shaft 11.
The drive side pulley 12 and the driven side pulley 12, 14 are both pulleys with a variable effective pitch diameter. That is, the drive pulley 12 is composed of a fixed disk 12a that is integrally formed or fixed to the input shaft 11, and a movable disk 12b that is slidable in the axial direction with respect to the disk 12a. The belt 15 is held between opposing conical surfaces. Similarly, the driven pulley 14 also includes a fixed disk 14a integrally formed or fixed to the output shaft 13, and a fixed disk 14a that is integrally formed or fixed to the output shaft 13.
and a movable disk 14b that is slidable in the axial direction with respect to the disks 14a.

The belt 15 is sandwiched between the mutually opposing conical surfaces of I4b. And both boots 12.1
Hydraulic chambers 12c and 14c are provided at the backs of the movable disks 12b and 14b in the drive pulley 12, respectively, and the movable disk 12b of the driving pulley 12 approaches and moves away from the fixed disk 12H by the hydraulic pressure introduced into the hydraulic chamber 12C. , the pinching position (effective pitch diameter) of the belt 15 changes, and as a result, the driving pulley 12 and the driven pulley 1
The rotation between 4 and 4 is to be changed. At this time, in the driven pulley 14 as well, the hydraulic pressure introduced into the hydraulic chamber 14C and the spring 14 installed in the chamber 14c
d, the movable disk 14b moves and the belt 1
5 is always maintained at the required tension.

The input shaft 11 is a first shaft that serves as an output shaft of the clutch 3.
The first R portion 11a and the second N portion 11b are divided into a portion 11a and a second portion 11b in which the driving pulley 12 of the continuously variable transmission 10 is provided. It is designed to be intermittent. This forward clutch 20 may have the same structure as a normal clutch, except that it is constructed using a part of the fixed disk 12a of the driving pulley 12 as shown in the figure. Further detailed description of the clutch will be omitted.

On the other hand, the output shaft 13 on which the driven pulley 14 of the continuously variable transmission device IO is provided and the differential device 4 are connected to the output gear device 3.
It is always connected via 0.

That is, the output gear device 30 includes a pair of intermediate gears 32 and 33 that are respectively fixedly attached to or integrally formed with the output shaft 13 and the first intermediate shaft 31 disposed parallel thereto and meshed with each other; The first output gear 34 is formed integrally with or fixed to the first intermediate shaft 31, and the first output gear 34 is meshed with the final gear 5 that drives the differential gear 4.

A reverse gear train 40 is arranged between the first portion 11a of the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 13.

This reverse gear train 40 has a first position 11 of the input shaft 11.
a drive gear 41 provided on the output shaft 16 and an idler shaft 42 disposed parallel to the output shaft 16
The idler gear 43 meshed with 1 and the output shaft 16
a driven gear 45 loosely fitted onto a second intermediate shaft 44 disposed parallel to the idler gear 43 and meshed with the idler gear 43; and a second output gear 46 rotatably provided with respect to the output shaft 13.
This second output gear 46 and the output shaft 1
3, a reverse clutch 50 is provided to connect and connect these.

It should be noted that FIG. 1 shows the devices 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 developed in order to display them on the same plane, and the actual arrangement is as shown in FIG. Further, the above configuration can be schematically represented as shown in FIG. 3.

In the above configuration, when the forward clutch 20 is connected, the clutch 2
0 through the second part 1 which is the input shaft of the continuously variable speed bag @10
1b is connected, and the power from the prime mover output shaft 2 is manually applied to the drive pulley 12 of the useless transmission device 10 via the clutch 3, the first portion 11a, the forward clutch 20, and the second B portion ttb. . The driven pulley 14 of the continuously variable transmission 10 is driven via the belt 15, and the power of the driven pulley 13 taken out from the output shaft 13 is further transmitted to the pair of intermediate gears 32 of the output gear device 30. .33, is input from the final gear 5 to the differential gear 4 via the first intermediate shaft 31 and the first output gear 34. At this time, assuming that the rotation direction of the motor output shaft 2 is, for example, six directions as shown in FIG.
2 also rotate in the respective directions, and the driven pulley 14,
The output shaft 13 and one intermediate gear 32 on the shaft 13 rotate in the B direction, and the other intermediate gear 33 on the first intermediate shaft 31, the intermediate shaft 31, and the first output gear 34 rotate in the C direction, respectively. As a result, the final gear 5 or the differential gear 4 is rotated in the same direction as the rotational direction A of the motor output shaft 2, that is, in the forward direction. Further, in this case, since the power passes through the continuously variable transmission device 10, the driving pulley 12 (and the driven pulley 14 in the device 10)
), the rotation ratio between both pulleys 12 and 14, that is, the reduction ratio of the input rotation speed of the differential device 4 to the rotation speed of the prime mover output shaft 2, is variably controlled. .

On the other hand, the forward clutch 20 is disengaged, and the reverse clutch 5
0 is connected, the first portion 11a and the second portion of the input shaft 11 are connected.
The connection of the portion 11b is severed, and the reverse gear train 40
is connected via the reverse clutch 50, that is, the first portion 11a of the input shaft 11 is connected to the output shaft 13 from the drive gear 41 via the second output gear 46, and from the motor output shaft 2 via the clutch 3. The power generated by humans is the first part 1.
1a to the drive gear 41 and idler gear 4 on the shaft 11a.
3. It is transmitted to the final gear 5 via the driven gear 45, the second intermediate shaft 44, the second output gear 46, and the reverse clutch 50. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the idler gear 43 is
As the driven gear 45, second intermediate shaft 44, and second output gear 46 rotate in the F direction, the final gear 5 is rotated in the G direction, that is, in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the prime mover output shaft 2. , the vehicle will move backward.

With the above configuration, by switching between the forward clutch and the reverse clutch in the vehicle, it is possible to easily switch between the forward drive system and the reverse drive system via the continuously variable transmission.

Further, according to the above configuration, the power from the prime mover output shaft 2 is transmitted to the differential device 4 via the second gear device 40 without passing through the continuously variable transmission 10, so that the power from the prime mover output shaft 2 is transmitted to the differential device 4 via the second gear device 40. The reduction ratio of the manual rotational speed of the differential device 4 to the rotational speed of the differential gear 2 is always constant.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a structure was described in which the forward clutch 20 was disposed on the second portion 11b of the input shaft 11 and the reverse clutch 50 was disposed on the output shaft 13.
1, as shown in FIG. 5, both clutches 20, 50 may be arranged on either one of the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 13.

Furthermore, in the embodiments described above, as the clutch 3, it is also possible to simply use a fluid type clutch in addition to the fluid coupling as described above. In this case, it is necessary to use synchronized clutches as the forward clutch 20 and the reverse clutch 50. The structure in these cases is shown in the third
In correspondence with the structure of the embodiment shown in FIGS.
As shown in Figures 8 to 8.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a vertically developed side view of a continuously variable transmission, Fig. 2 is a front view of the main parts cut along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side view of the continuously variable transmission. is a schematic diagram schematically showing the structure of the above continuously variable transmission, and FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are third views showing modified examples of the above continuously variable transmission, respectively. FIG. 1...Belt type continuously variable transmission, 2...Motor output shaft, 3...Clutch, 5...Final gear, 10...・Continuously variable transmission, 11... Input shaft, 12...
... Drive side pulley, 13 ... Output shaft, 1
4... Driven pulley, 15... Belt, 31... First intermediate shaft, 34...
... 1st output gear, 40 ... Reverse gear train,
42... Idler shaft 1, 44... Second intermediate shaft, 46... Second output gear, 20...
...Forward clutch, 50...Reverse clutch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A forward drive system having a continuously variable transmission comprising a driving pulley with a variable effective pitch diameter and a driven pulley provided on the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively, and a belt connecting both pulleys, the input shaft and the output. a reverse drive system having a reverse gear train provided in parallel with the continuously variable transmission between the shafts; a forward drive system disposed on the output side from a connection position of the reverse gear train of the input shaft of the forward drive system; A belt-type continuously variable transmission comprising a clutch and a reverse clutch disposed in the reverse drive system.