JPS63215819A - Combustion chamber of diesel engine - Google Patents
Combustion chamber of diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63215819A JPS63215819A JP62046826A JP4682687A JPS63215819A JP S63215819 A JPS63215819 A JP S63215819A JP 62046826 A JP62046826 A JP 62046826A JP 4682687 A JP4682687 A JP 4682687A JP S63215819 A JPS63215819 A JP S63215819A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- swirl chamber
- cylinder head
- swirl
- aluminum titanate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VQYHBXLHGKQYOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[Ti+4] VQYHBXLHGKQYOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
- F02B19/165—The shape or construction of the pre-combustion chambers is specially adapted to be formed, at least in part, of ceramic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室の構造に関し、
特にスモーク低減対策技術に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to the structure of a combustion chamber of a diesel engine.
Especially regarding smoke reduction technology.
〈従来の技術〉
この種の従来の燃焼室構造としては、例えば実開昭６０
−１７１９３１号公報に示されるように断熱構造とする
ため、渦流室全体をセラミックで形成したものがある。<Prior art> As a conventional combustion chamber structure of this type, for example,
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 171931, there is a device in which the entire swirl chamber is made of ceramic in order to have a heat insulating structure.
セラミックとしては窒化珪素を主成分としたものが示さ
れている。As the ceramic, one whose main component is silicon nitride is shown.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
しかしながら、上記のように窒化珪素を主成分とするセ
ラミックでは、渦流室上半部については、冷却通路の近
傍に位置するため冷却水への放熱により断熱効果が不十
分であった。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, as mentioned above, in ceramics whose main component is silicon nitride, the upper half of the swirl chamber is located near the cooling passage, so the heat dissipation to the cooling water reduces the heat insulation effect. was insufficient.
尚、主室でのスモーク再燃焼促進のため主室を断熱構造
とすることは、主室が高温、高圧化し渦流室から主室へ
のガス充填効率が低下し、却ってスモーク排出量を増大
させてしまうこととなる。In addition, if the main chamber is made to have an insulating structure to promote smoke reburning in the main chamber, the temperature and pressure of the main chamber will increase, the gas filling efficiency from the swirl chamber to the main chamber will decrease, and the amount of smoke emissions will increase. This will result in
このため、熱エネルギの損失が大きく燃費を悪化させて
いると共に、主室に噴出される予燃焼ガスの温度が低く
主室でのスモークの再燃焼が充分維持できなくなり、ス
モークの排出量を増大させる結果となっていた。As a result, the loss of thermal energy is large and fuel efficiency is worsened, and the temperature of the pre-combusted gas injected into the main chamber is low enough to prevent smoke from being re-burned in the main chamber, increasing the amount of smoke emitted. The result was that
本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑みなされたもの
で、渦流室の使用材料、形成方法を変更することにより
上記問題点を解決したディーゼルエンジンの燃焼室を提
供ごとを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of these conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber for a diesel engine that solves the above problems by changing the material used and the method of forming the swirl chamber.
〈問題点を解決するための手段〉
このため、本発明は、燃料噴射ノズルが装着された渦流
室と、ピストン頂面及び−シリンダ壁面とで形成される
主室と、これらを連絡する噴口とを備えたディーゼルエ
ンジンの燃焼室において、渦流室の上半部をチタン酸ア
ルミ材で形成すると共に、渦流室の下半部を耐熱金属材
で形成した構成とする。<Means for Solving the Problems> For this reason, the present invention provides a main chamber formed by a swirl chamber in which a fuel injection nozzle is attached, a piston top surface and a cylinder wall surface, and a nozzle communicating these. In the combustion chamber of a diesel engine equipped with a combustion chamber, the upper half of the swirl chamber is made of aluminum titanate material, and the lower half of the swirl chamber is made of a heat-resistant metal material.
〈作用〉
チタン酸アルミは、窒化珪素にもまして極めて断熱性に
優れているため（熱伝導率が０ 、００３５ｃａ ｌ／
ｃｍ ・ｓｅｃ ・’Ｃ，窒化珪素は０．０３ｃａｌ／
ｃｍ−ｓｅｃ ・’Ｃ）、これによって渦流室上半部を
形成すれば、冷却水通路が近傍にあっても冷却水への放
熱を極力抑えることができ、渦流室内部を高温に保持で
きる。<Function> Aluminum titanate has extremely superior heat insulating properties compared to silicon nitride (thermal conductivity is 0,0035 cal/
cm ・sec ・'C, silicon nitride is 0.03 cal/
cm-sec ·'C) If the upper half of the vortex chamber is formed in this manner, heat radiation to the cooling water can be suppressed as much as possible even if the cooling water passage is nearby, and the inside of the vortex chamber can be maintained at a high temperature.
一方、渦流室の下半部は主室からの燃焼熱を受けるため
、上半部に比較すると高温状態にさらされるが耐熱鋼材
によって形成されているため、耐久性も確保できる。On the other hand, since the lower half of the swirl chamber receives combustion heat from the main chamber, it is exposed to higher temperatures than the upper half, but since it is made of heat-resistant steel, durability can also be ensured.
〈実施例〉 以下、本発明を図に基づいて説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
図において、渦流室１の上半部はアルミニウム合金製の
シリンダヘッド本体２にチタン酸アルミ３ （Ａ Ｉｔ
Ｔ ｉ Ｏｓ ）を鋳込んだ後、機械加工して形成し
てあり、下半部は、耐熱鋼材からなるホットプラグ４が
シリンダヘッド本体２に圧入して装着される。ホットプ
ラグ４には、渦流室工と主室５とを連絡する噴口６が形
成されている。In the figure, the upper half of the swirl chamber 1 is made of aluminum titanate 3 (A It
The hot plug 4 made of heat-resistant steel is press-fitted into the cylinder head main body 2 and attached to the lower half thereof. The hot plug 4 is formed with a spout 6 that communicates the vortex chamber and the main chamber 5.
尚、７は燃料噴射ノズル、８はグロープラグである。Note that 7 is a fuel injection nozzle and 8 is a glow plug.
かかる燃焼室構造とすれば、渦流室１の上半部が断熱効
果の優れたチタン酸アルミ３で形成されることにより、
渦流室１近傍に形成されている冷却ジャケット（図示せ
ず）内の冷却水への放熱を極力抑制して渦流室１内を高
温に保持することができる。With such a combustion chamber structure, the upper half of the swirl chamber 1 is made of aluminum titanate 3, which has an excellent heat insulating effect, so that
The inside of the swirl chamber 1 can be maintained at a high temperature by suppressing as much as possible the heat radiation to the cooling water in the cooling jacket (not shown) formed in the vicinity of the swirl chamber 1.
この結果、放熱量低減による燃費の向上及び噴孔６を介
して主室５に噴出される予燃焼ガスの高温化によりスモ
ークの再燃焼を促進でき、スモーク放出量の低減を図れ
る。As a result, it is possible to improve fuel efficiency by reducing the amount of heat released, and to increase the temperature of the pre-combusted gas ejected into the main chamber 5 through the nozzle holes 6, thereby promoting the re-combustion of smoke, thereby reducing the amount of smoke emitted.
一方、渦流室１の下半部は耐熱鋼材からなるホットプラ
グ４で形成しであるため、耐久性も確保できる。On the other hand, since the lower half of the swirl chamber 1 is formed of the hot plug 4 made of heat-resistant steel, durability can also be ensured.
尚、チタン酸アルミ３は、機械的強度は比較的弱く熱衝
撃性には強いので鋳込み形成とし、耐熱鋼は、熱衝撃性
は弱く機械強度は強いのでホットプラグ４は圧入によっ
て装着している。Note that aluminum titanate 3 has relatively low mechanical strength and high resistance to thermal shock, so it is formed by casting, and heat-resistant steel has low thermal shock resistance and strong mechanical strength, so hot plug 4 is attached by press-fitting. .
渦流室１の下半部は、上半部に比較すると冷却ジャケッ
トへの距離も大きく、主室５からの燃焼熱を受けて温度
上昇し易いため、チタン酸アルミより断熱性の小さい耐
熱鋼材を用いた方が、渦流室１全体の温度バランスも向
上する。The lower half of the swirl chamber 1 is located at a greater distance from the cooling jacket than the upper half, and the temperature is likely to rise due to the combustion heat from the main chamber 5. Therefore, heat-resistant steel material with lower heat insulation properties than aluminum titanate is used in the lower half of the swirl chamber 1. If used, the temperature balance of the entire swirl chamber 1 will also be improved.
また、前記したように、チタン酸アルミ３をシリンダヘ
ッド製造時に鋳込み、機械加工によって仕上げることに
より燃料噴射ノズル装着孔やグロープラグ装着孔をシリ
ンダヘッドと一体加工ができ、位置決め寸法管理が不要
となる利点がある。Additionally, as mentioned above, by casting aluminum titanate 3 during cylinder head manufacture and finishing it by machining, the fuel injection nozzle mounting hole and glow plug mounting hole can be integrally machined with the cylinder head, eliminating the need for positioning and dimensional control. There are advantages.
さらに、チタン酸アルミ３をアルミニウム合金製のシリ
ンダヘッド本体２で直接支持しているため、運転時の爆
発圧力はチタン酸アルミ３を経由してシリンダヘッド本
体２で受けることとなり、従来のセラミック製渦流室上
部部材を圧入したものに比べて薄肉とすることができコ
スト的にも有利である。Furthermore, since the aluminum titanate 3 is directly supported by the cylinder head body 2 made of aluminum alloy, the explosion pressure during operation is received by the cylinder head body 2 via the aluminum titanate 3, which is different from the conventional ceramic cylinder head body 2. Compared to a structure in which the upper part of the swirl chamber is press-fitted, it can be made thinner and is advantageous in terms of cost.
第２図は、第２の実施例を示し、渦流室１１の上半部を
、チタン酸アルミ１２を金属リング１３に焼ばめしたも
のをシリンダヘッド本体１４に圧入することにより形成
している。渦流室１１の下半部は、第１の実施例と同様
、耐熱鋼材製のホットプラグ１５をシリンダヘッド本体
１４に圧入して形成しである。FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment, in which the upper half of the swirl chamber 11 is formed by shrink-fitting aluminum titanate 12 to a metal ring 13 and press-fitting it into the cylinder head body 14. . The lower half of the swirl chamber 11 is formed by press-fitting a hot plug 15 made of heat-resistant steel into the cylinder head body 14, as in the first embodiment.
機能については第１の実施例と同様である。The functions are the same as in the first embodiment.
第３図は第３の実施例を示し、渦流室２１の上半部をチ
タン酸アルミ２２を第１実施例同様シリンダヘッド本体
２３に鋳込み後、機械加工して形成し、下半部を耐熱鋼
製のホットプラグ２４を圧入して形成しているが、チタ
ン酸アルミ２２の外面周縁部を内側にテーパを付けて切
り欠き形成してあり、これによりシリンダヘッド本体２
３を鋳込むと前記チタン酸アルミ２２の切欠部分に侵入
して突起部２３ａが形成される。尚、突起部２３ａは、
全周又は一部に設ける。FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment, in which the upper half of the swirl chamber 21 is formed by casting aluminum titanate 22 into the cylinder head body 23 as in the first embodiment and then machining it, and the lower half is formed by heat-resistant Although it is formed by press-fitting a steel hot plug 24, the outer peripheral edge of the aluminum titanate 22 is tapered inward to form a notch, which allows the cylinder head body 2
When 3 is cast, it enters the cutout portion of the aluminum titanate 22 to form a protrusion 23a. Note that the protrusion 23a is
Provided all around or in part.
即ち、チタン酸アルミ２２は機械加工のし易さ、及び軽
量化のため略半球状に形成されているが、シリンダヘッ
ド本体２３であるアルミニウム合金によって鋳込まれる
際、アルミニウム合金が凝固冷却していく過程で圧縮応
力が発生し、チタン酸アルミ２２に球の半径方向に固定
力を生じる。ここで、チタン酸アルミ２２は半球である
ため、下端部のみしかチタン酸アルミ２２を固定する力
として機能せず、他の部分はチタン酸アルミ２２を押し
出す方向に作用する。That is, the aluminum titanate 22 is formed into a substantially hemispherical shape for ease of machining and weight reduction, but when it is cast into the aluminum alloy that is the cylinder head body 23, the aluminum alloy solidifies and cools. During this process, compressive stress is generated, and a fixing force is generated in the aluminum titanate 22 in the radial direction of the sphere. Here, since the aluminum titanate 22 is hemispherical, only the lower end functions as a force to fix the aluminum titanate 22, and the other parts act in a direction to push out the aluminum titanate 22.
そこで、上記のようにシリンダヘッド本体２３に突起部
２３ａを設けることにより、前記チタン酸アルミ２２に
加えられる押し出し７カを突起部２３ａで受けることに
より、チタン酸アルミ２２を所定位置に抜は止めして確
実に固定できる。Therefore, by providing the protrusion 23a on the cylinder head main body 23 as described above, the extrusion force applied to the aluminum titanate 22 is received by the protrusion 23a, thereby preventing the aluminum titanate 22 from being pulled out at a predetermined position. can be securely fixed.
第４図は、前記第３実施例と同様のものにおいて、チタ
ン酸アルミ３１の外面周側部の全周は一部に凹溝を形成
してあり、この部分にアルミニウム合金製のシリンダヘ
ッド本体３２が侵入して突起部３２ａが形成され、この
突起部３２ａによって第３実施例の突起部２３ａ同様チ
タン酸アルミ３１に加えられる押し出し力を支持する。FIG. 4 shows a cylinder head body similar to the third embodiment, in which a groove is formed in a part of the entire circumference of the outer circumferential side of aluminum titanate 31, and a cylinder head body made of aluminum alloy is formed in this part. 32 penetrates to form a protrusion 32a, and this protrusion 32a supports the extrusion force applied to the aluminum titanate 31, similar to the protrusion 23a of the third embodiment.
〈発明の効果〉
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、渦流室の上半部
をチタン酸アルミ材で形成すると共に、下半部を耐熱鋼
材で形成した構成としたため、断熱性向上により燃費低
減、スモーク発生量低減を図れると共に、耐久性も確保
できるという効果が得られる。<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, the upper half of the vortex chamber is made of aluminum titanate material, and the lower half is made of heat-resistant steel. It is possible to achieve the effects of reducing fuel consumption and the amount of smoke generated, as well as ensuring durability.
第１図〜第４図は、本発明の第１〜第４の実施例の構成
を示す断面図である。
１、１１．２１・・・渦流室 ２．１４．２３．３２
・・・シリンダヘッド本体 ３．１２．２２．３１・
・・チタン酸アルミ ４．１５．２４・・・ホットプ
ラグ ５・・・主室６・・・噴孔1 to 4 are cross-sectional views showing the configurations of first to fourth embodiments of the present invention. 1, 11.21... Vortex chamber 2.14.23.32
...Cylinder head body 3.12.22.31・
...Aluminum titanate 4.15.24...Hot plug 5...Main chamber 6...Nozzle hole
Claims (1)
れた渦流室と、ピストン頂面及びシリンダ壁面とで形成
される主室と、これらを連絡する噴口とを備えたディー
ゼルエンジンの燃焼室において、渦流室の上半部をチタ
ン酸アルミ材で形成すると共に、渦流室の下半部を耐熱
金属材で形成したことを特徴とするディーゼルエンジン
の燃焼室。In the combustion chamber of a diesel engine, which is equipped with a vortex chamber formed in the cylinder head and equipped with a fuel injection nozzle, a main chamber formed by the top surface of the piston and the cylinder wall, and a nozzle that communicates these, the vortex flow A combustion chamber for a diesel engine, characterized in that an upper half of the chamber is made of aluminum titanate material, and a lower half of the swirl chamber is made of a heat-resistant metal material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62046826A JPS63215819A (en) | 1987-03-03 | 1987-03-03 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62046826A JPS63215819A (en) | 1987-03-03 | 1987-03-03 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63215819A true JPS63215819A (en) | 1988-09-08 |
Family
ID=12758132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62046826A Pending JPS63215819A (en) | 1987-03-03 | 1987-03-03 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63215819A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02112613A (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Structure for subcombustion chamber |
-
1987
- 1987-03-03 JP JP62046826A patent/JPS63215819A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02112613A (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Structure for subcombustion chamber |
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