JPS62296878A - Inorganic carrier for immobilization of cell or microorganism - Google Patents
Inorganic carrier for immobilization of cell or microorganismInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62296878A JPS62296878A JP61141788A JP14178886A JPS62296878A JP S62296878 A JPS62296878 A JP S62296878A JP 61141788 A JP61141788 A JP 61141788A JP 14178886 A JP14178886 A JP 14178886A JP S62296878 A JPS62296878 A JP S62296878A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- microorganisms
- carrier
- carbon
- inorganic carrier
- graphite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000779 poly(divinylbenzene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
３、発明の詳細な説明
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、細胞又は、微生物固定化用無機担体に関し、
更に詳細には食品や医薬品の５１Ｊ造又は、汚水処理等
に供せられるバイオリアクター或いは培養地に適した物
理的吸着及び炭素質との親和性を利用した細胞又は、微
生物固定化用無機担体に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms,
More specifically, it relates to an inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms that utilizes physical adsorption and affinity with carbonaceous matter and is suitable for bioreactors or culture media used for 51J production of foods and pharmaceuticals, sewage treatment, etc. .
（従来の技術）
従来、細胞又は微生物を固定化する方法としては、細胞
又は、微生物を無機物の担体に物理的に吸着させて固定
化する方法がある。これに使用される担体としては、多
孔性金属、多孔質ガラス、セラミックス、金属醜化物或
いは活性炭等（以下無機担体という）があった。(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method for immobilizing cells or microorganisms, there is a method of physically adsorbing cells or microorganisms onto an inorganic carrier and immobilizing them. The carriers used for this purpose include porous metals, porous glasses, ceramics, metal oxides, activated carbon, etc. (hereinafter referred to as inorganic carriers).
（発明が解決しようとした問題点）
ところで、従来から使用される各種の担体には次のよう
な問題点がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, various conventionally used carriers have the following problems.
即ち、無４ｉ！１１担体にあっては、細胞又は、微生物
等は直接基質と接し得るため、物質移動効率が比較的高
く、細胞又は、微生物による反応効率が良い、また、無
機担体は、高温処理が可能であり、有機溶媒、酸、アル
カリ等の化学薬品に対する抵抗力もあり、微生物によっ
て分解されず、再生利用も可能であるなどの利点がある
。しかしながら、反面、無機担体にあっては、微生物が
物理的な吸着で担体に結合しており、その微生物の保持
性が悪い、又、無機担体にあっては、医薬品や食品を生
産するための担体として使用する場合、生成物にこれら
の無機担体の混入があると人体に有害である０例えば、
多孔性金属は、イオン化して溶解し生成物に混入する恐
れがあり、現在のところ工業的には余り用いられていな
い、又、これら無機担体のうち活性炭にあっては、炭素
質よりなるため、微生物との親和性があって、微生物と
の結合性をある程度高められるが、本来活性炭は耐油処
理によって著しく細孔量を増加させたものであるから、
その強度が極めて弱くもろいため、担体として使用した
場合、それ自体の脱落が著しく、長期に亙ってこの活性
炭よりなる担体を使用することができない、又、活性炭
にあっては、目的の形状に加工することが機械的強度が
弱いことから極めて困難である・
更に、無機担体の多くはたいへん高価である。In other words, no 4i! In the case of 11 carriers, cells or microorganisms can directly contact the substrate, so the mass transfer efficiency is relatively high, and the reaction efficiency by cells or microorganisms is good.In addition, inorganic carriers can be treated at high temperatures. It has the advantage of being resistant to chemicals such as organic solvents, acids, and alkalis, not being decomposed by microorganisms, and being recyclable. However, on the other hand, with inorganic carriers, microorganisms are bound to the carrier by physical adsorption, and the retention of microorganisms is poor. When used as a carrier, contamination of the product with these inorganic carriers is harmful to the human body.For example,
Porous metals are not widely used industrially at present because they may ionize, dissolve, and mix with products. Also, among these inorganic carriers, activated carbon is made of carbonaceous material. , it has an affinity with microorganisms and can increase the bonding ability with microorganisms to some extent, but activated carbon is originally a product whose pore volume has been significantly increased by oil-resistant treatment.
Because its strength is extremely weak and brittle, when it is used as a carrier, it will easily fall off, making it impossible to use a carrier made of activated carbon for a long period of time. They are extremely difficult to process due to their weak mechanical strength; in addition, many inorganic carriers are very expensive.
このため、医薬品の製造に供せられるバイオリアクター
等に使用する場合、医薬品自体の商品価格が高いため問
題はないものの、食品製造に供せられるバイオリアクタ
ーや汚水処理場等の用途にこれらの担体を使用するには
、あまりに高価であり、実現に到っていないのが現状で
ある。For this reason, when used in bioreactors used for the production of pharmaceuticals, there is no problem since the product price of the pharmaceutical itself is high, but these carriers are used in bioreactors used for food production, sewage treatment plants, etc. Currently, it is too expensive to use, and it has not yet been realized.
（問題点を解決するための手段及び作用）発明者は、上
記の問題点に鑑み、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、これらの問
題点を兄事に解決し得る細胞又は、微生物固定化用無機
担体を得ることに成功した。(Means and effects for solving the problems) In view of the above-mentioned problems, the inventor has made extensive research and has developed an inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms that can solve these problems. succeeded in obtaining.
即ち、この発明は、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、カーボンファ
イバー、コークス、カーボンブラック及び、これらの前
駆体の中から選ばれる一種若しくは二種以上を組み合わ
せたもの、或いは天然黒鉛１人造黒鉛、カーボンファイ
バー、コークス、カーボンブラック及び、これらの前駆
体の中から選ばれる一種若しくは二種以北を骨材とした
成形体が炭素化されてなる細胞又は、微生物固定化用無
機担体である。That is, this invention relates to a combination of one or more selected from natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, coke, carbon black, and their precursors, or a combination of natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, This is an inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms, which is obtained by carbonizing a molded body made of coke, carbon black, and one or two of these precursors as aggregates.
以下に、この発明の細胞又は、微生物固定化用無機担体
の各構成要素について詳細に説明する。Each component of the inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
本発明の担体は、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、カーボンファイ
バー、コークス、カーボンブラック及ヒ、これらの前駆
体の中から選ばれる一種若しくは二種以上（以下炭素質
等という）を単に組み合わせてなるもの、或いは炭素質
等を骨材とした成形体を炭素化したものであり、用途に
応じた賦形がなされ、且つ多孔質体であることが好まし
い。The carrier of the present invention is simply a combination of one or more selected from natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, coke, carbon black, and their precursors (hereinafter referred to as carbonaceous material, etc.); Alternatively, it is preferably a carbonized molded body made of carbonaceous material or the like as an aggregate, shaped according to the purpose, and preferably porous.
本発明における担体の賦形には、成形、機械加工、或い
は粉砕・整粒があり、炭素質等を成形や機械加工によっ
て賦形したものにあっては、固定床で使用し、炭素質等
を粉砕・整粒によって賦形したものにあっては、流動床
或いは充填層で使用するのが好ましい。Shaping of the carrier in the present invention includes molding, machining, or crushing and sizing, and if carbonaceous material is shaped by molding or machining, it is used in a fixed bed, and carbonaceous material etc. When it is shaped by crushing and sizing, it is preferable to use it in a fluidized bed or a packed bed.
炭素質等を粉砕・整粒によって賦形したものにあっては
、そのままの状態で担体として使用することができる０
例えば、高炉用コークスは粉砕・整粒によって賦形され
、流動床で使用する担体として好ましく、強度に優れ、
安価であり、充分な多孔性を備えている。When carbonaceous materials are shaped by crushing and sizing, they can be used as a carrier as they are.
For example, coke for blast furnaces is shaped by crushing and sizing, is suitable as a carrier for use in fluidized beds, has excellent strength,
It is inexpensive and has sufficient porosity.
一方、成形の場合は、炭素や黒鉛が不溶・不融であり、
これらのみの単独の状態で成形できないため、粒状或い
は繊維状の炭素質等を粉砕後、これにバインダー・マト
リックスを加えて、成形・焼成するのである。即ち、成
形は、骨材としての粒状或いは繊維状の炭素質等を粉砕
し、これにバインダー・マトリックスとしてフェノール
樹脂、フラン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル
樹脂、ユリア樹脂、ビスマレイミド争トリアジン樹脂、
ポリジビニルベンゼン樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂、或いはピ
ッチ類を加えて成形した後に、この成形体を焼成してバ
インダー中マトリックス分を完全に炭素化若しくは、黒
鉛化して行なうのである０例えば、カーボンファイバー
のマットやクロス、或いはこれらを熱硬化性樹脂等を用
いて賦形した後、炭素化したものは固定床や培養地に適
している。On the other hand, in the case of molding, carbon and graphite are insoluble and infusible;
Since these materials cannot be molded alone, after pulverizing granular or fibrous carbonaceous material, a binder/matrix is added thereto, followed by molding and firing. That is, the molding involves crushing granular or fibrous carbonaceous material as an aggregate, and adding phenol resin, furan resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, urea resin, bismaleimide, triazine resin, etc. as a binder matrix.
After molding a thermosetting resin such as polydivinylbenzene resin or pitch, the molded body is fired to completely carbonize or graphitize the matrix in the binder.For example, carbon fiber Mats and cloths, or those formed using thermosetting resin and then carbonized, are suitable for fixed beds and culture media.
に記の成形体は、多孔質体であることが好ましく、その
成形体の孔径は固定化する細胞や微生物の種類に応じて
、またそれらがコロニーを形成する場合には、そのコロ
ニーの大きさを考慮して選択的に賦形することが好まし
い。The molded body described above is preferably a porous body, and the pore size of the molded body depends on the type of cells and microorganisms to be immobilized, and if they form a colony, the size of the colony. It is preferable to selectively shape the material in consideration of the following.
なお、成形体の表面積は４００ｍ’ ／ｇ以下であるこ
とが好ましい、何故ならば、成形体の表面積が４０（Ｊ
ｒｄ／ｇを越えるものは、強度が極めて弱く、担体とし
て使用した場合、それ自体の脱落が著しく、長期に亙っ
て使用することができず、又、機械的強度が弱いことか
ら目的の形状に加工することが極めて困難であるからで
ある。The surface area of the molded body is preferably 400 m'/g or less, because the surface area of the molded body is 40 (J
If the strength exceeds rd/g, the strength is extremely low, and when used as a carrier, it will easily fall off, making it impossible to use it for a long period of time. Also, due to its weak mechanical strength, it cannot be used in the desired shape. This is because it is extremely difficult to process.
（発明の効果）
以上詳述したように、この発明は、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛
、カーボンファイバー、コークス、カーボンブラック及
び、これらの前駆体の中から選ばれる一種若しくは二種
以上を組み合わせたもの、或いは天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、
カーボンファイバー、コークス、カーボンブラック及び
、これらの前駆体の中から選ばれる一種若しくは二種以
北を骨材とした成形体が炭素化されてなる細胞又は、微
生物固定化用無機担体である。(Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, the present invention provides natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, coke, carbon black, and a combination of one or more of these precursors; Or natural graphite, artificial graphite,
This is an inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms, which is obtained by carbonizing a molded body made of carbon fiber, coke, carbon black, and one or more of their precursors as aggregates.
従って、この発明の細胞又は、微生物固定化用無機担体
にあっては、炭素質よりなるため、細胞又は、微生物と
の親和性が高く、より確実に細胞又は、微生物を固定化
することがでごる。また、食品や医薬品に使用した場合
でも人体にまったく無害である。更に活性炭に比べて強
度があり、担体として使用した場合、それ自体が脱落す
ることは少なく、長期に亙って使用することができる。Therefore, since the inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms of the present invention is made of carbonaceous material, it has a high affinity with cells or microorganisms, and can immobilize cells or microorganisms more reliably. Goru. Furthermore, it is completely harmless to the human body even when used in food or medicine. Furthermore, it is stronger than activated carbon, and when used as a carrier, it is less likely to fall off and can be used for a long period of time.
また、コークス等を素材とした場合、たいへん安価な担
体を得ることができ、食品製造に供せられるバイオリア
クターや汚水処理場等の培養地に使用することができ、
又、再生利用も可使である。In addition, when coke or the like is used as a material, a very inexpensive carrier can be obtained, and it can be used as a culture medium in bioreactors used in food production, sewage treatment plants, etc.
Moreover, it can be recycled and used.
Claims (2)
クス、カーボンブラック及び、これらの前駆体の中から
選ばれる一種若しくは二種以上を組み合わせたもの、或
いは天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、カーボンファイバー、コーク
ス、カーボンブラック及び、これらの前駆体の中から選
ばれる一種若しくは二種以上を骨材とした成形体が炭素
化されてなる細胞又は、微生物固定化用無機担体。(1) Natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, coke, carbon black, one or a combination of two or more of these precursors, or natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon fiber, coke, carbon An inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms, which is obtained by carbonizing a molded body using black and one or more types selected from these precursors as an aggregate.
ることを特徴とした特許請求の範囲第１項記載の細胞又
は、微生物固定化用無機担体。(2) The inorganic carrier for immobilizing cells or microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the molded body has a surface area of 400 m^2/g or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61141788A JPS62296878A (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | Inorganic carrier for immobilization of cell or microorganism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61141788A JPS62296878A (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | Inorganic carrier for immobilization of cell or microorganism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62296878A true JPS62296878A (en) | 1987-12-24 |
Family
ID=15300167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61141788A Pending JPS62296878A (en) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-06-18 | Inorganic carrier for immobilization of cell or microorganism |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62296878A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100439661B1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-07-12 | 곽종운 | A microorganism media and method thereof |
| WO2014140387A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Euroestudios, S.L. | Wastewater treatment method |
| CN105800781A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-07-27 | 南京工业大学 | Method for treating cassava alcohol wastewater by filling anaerobic reactor with graphite felt material |
| WO2019117242A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | Microorganism-immobilized carrier |
-
1986
- 1986-06-18 JP JP61141788A patent/JPS62296878A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100439661B1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-07-12 | 곽종운 | A microorganism media and method thereof |
| WO2014140387A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-18 | Euroestudios, S.L. | Wastewater treatment method |
| CN105800781A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-07-27 | 南京工业大学 | Method for treating cassava alcohol wastewater by filling anaerobic reactor with graphite felt material |
| WO2019117242A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | Microorganism-immobilized carrier |
| JP2019103459A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-27 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | Microbial immobilization carrier |
| KR20200098603A (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2020-08-20 | 토요 탄소 가부시키가이샤 | Microbial immobilization carrier |
| US11518698B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2022-12-06 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | Microorganism immobilized carrier |
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