JPS62282801A - Complex processing lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To allow various processing by making a turret holding a tool movable in three directions of X, Y, Z axes against a work piece held by a main spindle and combining individual moves. CONSTITUTION:A turret 36 is indexed so that a cutting tool 50 fitted to the turret 36 is located to face a work piece 14, and the work piece 14 is rotated and its outer periphery is cut by the cutting tool 50. An end mill 51 is rotated, and the multi-stage flat processing of the work piece 14 is performed. A drill 52 is rotatively driven to perform off-center drill processing. In free curved surface processing, the end mill 51 is moved in three directions of X, Y, Z axes to perform three-dimensional shape processing.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention comprises a turret on which a plurality of tools are attached, and a workpiece held on a spindle by selecting appropriate tools on the five turrets. The present invention relates to a multi-tasking lathe that enables various machining operations to be performed on a workpiece.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, a bed l.

A headstock 2 fixed on the bed, a workpiece support spindle 3 rotatably held on the headstock 2, and a spindle 3 movable on the bed 1 along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 3, that is, in the X-axis direction. a tool stand 4 held by the tool stand 4;
A compound machining lathe is known which has a tool holding turret 5 which is movably and rotatably held in an axis parallel to the axis of the machine, that is, in the X-axis direction. On this lathe.

The turret 5 holds various tools 1, such as a fixed tool 71 and a rotary tool 8, and the main spindle 3 is rotated to cut the outer diameter and end face of the workpiece 6 held on the main spindle 3 using the nationally specified tool 7. 3 to the stomach in a designated position.

The rotary tool 8 can perform complex machining such as milling and drilling on the workpiece 6. The tools used here are: 1. Normal bit (for outer diameter, inner diameter, and end face cutting), drill (for drilling holes), and tap (for tapping screws).
, milling tools (plane cutting, grooving, etc.).

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in such a conventional configuration, as shown in FIG.
Off-center drilling to form a hole 9b on the flat surface of the side surface of the workpiece 6b at a position 1 shifted from the central axis of the workpiece 6b as shown in (B),
As shown in (C), a groove 9C for attaching a sealing material and a window 9d are formed on the flat surface of the side surface of the workpiece 6C. 5. As shown in (D), a recess 9e is formed on the end surface of the workpiece 6d.
There was a problem in that it was impossible or difficult to perform frame processing on the end face to form a frame, and force U processing such as multi-stage or polygonal processing to form a large number of flat surfaces 9r on the workpiece 6e as shown in (E). For example, it is possible to process a flat surface by creating the Y axis and the C axis (rotation direction of the main spindle 3), but in that case the program is complicated and it is difficult to achieve surface roughness and dimensional accuracy. Further, a tool holder 10 having a special shape as shown in FIG. 8 is attached to the tool mounting surface 5A of the coolet 5,
It is also known to flatten the side surface of the workpiece 6 with the tip of the rotary tool 8 held by the tool holder 10 by feeding the turret 5 in the X-axis direction. This is because it is located outside the surface 5B.

The tool holder IO has the disadvantage of not being able to mount a tool on the tool mounting surface 5B, and also has a complicated tool holder IO, such as requiring a special means to adjust the tool 8 in the direction of arrow Y in order to perform multi-step flat machining with this tool 8. There were also problems such as the structure being expensive and expensive.

The present invention was made in order to solve such conventional problems, and it is possible to use a
It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound machining lathe that can easily perform various machining operations.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention, which has been made to achieve the above object, is a bed.

A headstock provided on the bed, a main shaft rotatably held on the headstock and supporting a workpiece, and a main spindle held on the bed so as to be movable in an an X-axis slide and an X-axis drive mechanism for moving the lx-axis slide in the X-axis direction on the bed, and an X-axis drive mechanism held by the X-axis slide so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Y-axis a Y-axis slide; a Y-axis drive mechanism for moving the Y-axis slide relative to the X-axis slide; an X-axis slide, an X-axis drive mechanism for moving the X-axis slide relative to the Y-axis slide, and a tool-supporting turret rotatably held on the X-axis slide about an axis parallel to the Y-axis. The gist of the present invention is a composite machining lathe having an indexing mechanism that indexes and rotates the turret, and a tool drive mechanism that rotates a rotary tool held on the turret.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained in detail below. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a compound machining lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 11 is a bed, 12 is a headstock fixed on the bed 11, and 13 is a main shaft rotatably held by the headstock 12 and having a chuck claw 13A at its tip for holding a workpiece 14. A main electric motor 15 is drivingly connected to the main shaft 13 via a driving pulley 15A, a belt 15B, and a driven pulley 15C, and a servo motor 16A of a C-axis unit 16 is also drivingly connected. The main electric motor 15 provides normal rotation to the main shaft 13, and the C-axis unit 16 connects a servo motor 16A to the main shaft 13 to index and rotate the main shaft I3 when performing C-axis machining.

A pair of guide rails 11 are formed on the upper surface of the bed 11 and extend in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 13 and horizontally (X-axis direction), and an X-axis slide 18 is movably held on the guide rails 11A. ing. Furthermore.

As shown in FIG. 2, a screw shaft 19 is rotatably held parallel to the guide rail IIA, and a drive morph 20 for rotating the screw shaft 19 is also attached to the bed 11. The X-axis slide 18 has a ball nut 21 threadedly engaged with a spring shaft 19 8 and therefore a drive motor 20
Due to the rotation of the screw shaft 19, the Xt4+slide 18 reciprocates in the X-axis direction. These drive motors 20. Screw shaft 19. The NAND 21 and the like constitute an X-axis drive mechanism that moves the X-axis slide.

The X-axis slide 18 has a pair of guide rails 18A extending in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis (Y-axis direction), and a Y-axis slide 23 is movably disposed on the guide rails 18A. . Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3,
A screw shaft 24 is rotatably held on the X-axis slide 18 and parallel to the guide rail 18A.

A pulley 25 is attached to the upper end of this screw shaft 24.

It is drivingly connected via a heald 26 to a pulley 27 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) which is connected to a drive motor (not shown) attached to the X-axis slide. On the other hand, the Y-axis slide 23 is threadedly engaged with the spring shaft 24.
8, therefore, the rotation of the screw shaft 24 by the drive motor causes the Y-axis slide 23 to reciprocate in the Y-axis direction.

These drive motors, screw shafts 24. The NAND 28 and the like constitute a Y-axis drive mechanism that moves the Y-axis slide.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the Y-axis slide 23 is the X-axis.

A pair of indoor surfaces 23 extending in the Z-axis direction perpendicular to the Y-axis
A so as to be guided by this guide surface 23A.

An X-axis slide 30 is arranged. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a screw shaft 31 is rotatably held on the Y-axis slide 23 and parallel to the guide surface 23A. A pulley 32 is attached to the end of this screw shaft 31.

It is configured to be driven by a drive motor 34 (see FIG. 1) attached to the Y-axis slide 23. On the other hand, the X-axis slide 30 has a ball nut 33 screwed into the screw shaft 31.
Therefore, the rotation of the screw shaft 31 by the drive motor causes the X-axis slide 30 to reciprocate in the Z-axis direction. These drive motors 34. Screw shaft 31. Natsuto 33 etc. is X
An X-axis drive mechanism for moving the shaft slide 30 is configured.

The X-axis slide 30 has a hollow rotating shaft 35, and a polygonal turret 36 is attached to the tip thereof.

This polygonal turret 36 forms a tool mounting surface on its outer surface for mounting various tools (rotary tools, fixed tools). A gear 37 is attached to the rotating shaft 35.

This gear 37 is connected to an indexing motor 38 (see FIG. 1) attached to the X-axis slide 30.

A compression member 46 consisting of a plurality of concave and convex teeth is provided between the turret 36 and the X-axis slide 30.

The turret 36 is fixed to the X-axis slide 30 by engagement of the coupling member 46. This coupling member 46 is engaged and released by a cylinder piston mechanism 47 provided on the rotating shaft 35.
When the engagement is released, the turret 36 is indexed to a predetermined position by the indexing motor 38, and at that position, the coupling member 46 is again engaged by the cylinder piston mechanism 47, so that the turret 36 is moved to its position. It is fixed at the indexed position.

A tool drive shaft 40 is rotatably held inside the hollow rotating shaft 35, and a bevel gear 41 is attached to the tip.

This bevel gear 41 meshes with a bevel gear (not shown) on the rotating tool side attached to the turret 36 to rotate the rotating tool once. A spline groove is formed on the inner surface of the rear end of the tool drive shaft 40 and engages with the spline shaft 42 over the entire movement range in the Z-axis direction.

This spline shaft 42 is rotatably held in a fixed position by the Y-axis slide 23, and the pulley 43. Held 44
It is driven by a drive motor 45 (see FIG. 1) via a drive motor 45 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the drive motor 45 rotates the rotary tool no matter where the turret 36 is located.

Although not shown, each X-axis drive mechanism, Y-axis drive mechanism, Z-axis drive mechanism, and turret indexing mechanism.

An NC control device is connected to the main shaft separate mechanism, etc., and is configured to control the movement of each X-axis slide, Y-axis slide, and X-axis slide, and the indexing of the main shaft and turret.

The compound machining lathe configured as described above is capable of various machining operations. Typical examples will be explained below.

(A) External cutting The turret 36 is indexed so that the cutting tool 50 attached to the turret 36 is in a position facing the workpiece 14, and while rotating the workpiece 14 held on the main shaft 13, the cutting tool 50 is used to cut the outer periphery. conduct.

The cutting depth at this time is set by moving the X-axis slide 18 in the X-axis direction, and the cutting feed is performed by moving the X-axis slide 30 in the X-axis direction.

(B) Multistage flat machining The main spindle 13 is indexed to a predetermined position and the workpiece 14 is stopped. End mill 51 attached to turret 36 in this state
The turret 3 is positioned so that it faces the workpiece 14.
6, rotate the end mill 51, and rotate the workpiece 14.
Perform flat processing on.

The cutting depth at this time is set by moving the X-axis slide 18 in the X-axis direction, and the cutting feed is performed by moving the Y-axis slide 23 in the Y-axis direction. Further, the cutting position is set by moving the X-axis slide 30 in the X-axis direction. Thereby, a multi-step flat surface of any depth can be easily formed at any position on the outer periphery of the workpiece 14.

Furthermore, the end mill 51 used at this time is simply mounted so that its axis is perpendicular to the mounting surface of the turret 36, which simplifies the structure of the tool holder for mounting the end mill.

(C) Off-center drilling The main spindle 13 is indexed to a predetermined position and the workpiece 14 is stopped. In this state, the turret 36 is indexed so that the drill 52 attached to the turret 36 is in a position facing the workpiece 14, and the drill 52 is rotated to move the X-axis slide 18 forward in the X-axis direction. Perform hole drilling. The drilling positions at this time are Y-axis slide 23 and
By moving the shaft slide 30, it can be set arbitrarily.

(D) The frame processing spindle 13 on the side is indexed to a predetermined position and the workpiece 14 is stopped. In this state, a cutter (not shown) for side frame processing attached to the turret 36 is indexed to a predetermined position, and the cutter is moved in the X-axis direction with respect to the workpiece 14 to determine the cutting depth. By setting and simultaneously moving in the Y-axis and Z-circle directions, it is possible to process a picture frame of any shape. At this time, cutting is performed by indexing the turret 36 and switching the canter as necessary.

(E) The end face frame processing main spindle 13 is indexed to a predetermined position and the workpiece 14 is stopped. In this state, the end face frame processing cutter (not shown) attached to the coolet 36 is indexed to a predetermined position.

Place this cutter against the end surface of the workpiece, and move the X-axis slide 30
Set the cutting depth by moving in the axial direction, Y-axis.

By simultaneously moving in the Y-circle direction, it is possible to process the end face into an arbitrary shape. At this time, cutting is performed by indexing the turret 36 and switching the canter as necessary.

(F) Multi-stage, polygonal processing Flat processing similar to the multi-stage flat processing in (B) above is performed. At this time, arbitrary polygonal machining is possible by indexing the main spindle 13 to predetermined positions one after another and performing flat machining.

(G) Free-curved surface machining A three-dimensional shape can be machined by moving the end mill 51 in the Y-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis directions while slowly rotating the main shaft 13 holding the workpiece 14. This processing enables processing of complex curved surfaces, such as the screw bed of an injection molding machine or the frame of a wristwatch.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, in the compound machining lathe of the present invention, the turret holding the tool can freely move in three directions: Y-axis, Y-axis, and Y-axis with respect to the workpiece held on the spindle. Therefore, by appropriately combining these movements, various types of machining can be performed, and machining that was impossible or extremely difficult with conventional equipment can be easily performed. This has the advantage that the structure of the tool holder used can be simplified and the entire tool mounting surface of the turret can be used effectively.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of essential parts of a multi-tasking lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a drive mechanism for a Y-axis slide held by an X-axis slide. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the Z-axis slide holding the turret. Fig. 5 is a front view of a conventional multi-tasking lathe, Fig. 6 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing machining shapes that are difficult to machine with a conventional multi-tasking lathe, and Fig. 8 is a conventional multi-tasking lathe. FIG. 3 is a front view showing a tool holder used for flat processing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] a bed, a headstock provided on the bed, a main shaft rotatably held by the headstock and supporting a workpiece, and a main shaft mounted on the bed so as to be movable in an X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft. A held X-axis slide, an X-axis drive mechanism for moving the X-axis slide in the X-axis direction on the bed, and a mechanism for moving the X-axis slide in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis a Y-axis slide held in the Y-axis; a Y-axis drive mechanism for moving the Y-axis slide relative to the X-axis slide; and a Y-axis drive mechanism for moving the Y-axis slide relative to the X-axis; a Z-axis slide held as such, a Z-axis drive mechanism for moving the Z-axis slide relative to the Y-axis slide, and a tool held rotatably about an axis parallel to the Z-axis by the Z-axis slide. A composite machining lathe comprising a support turret, an indexing mechanism that indexes and rotates the turret, and a tool drive mechanism that rotates a rotary tool held by the turret.