JPS62253317A - Bottom surface irrigation material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial use!) The present invention relates to a bottom irrigation material that is used by laying on the bottom of seedling pots, potted plants, etc. This invention relates to a bottom irrigation material that does not allow roots to pass through and is easy to handle.

(Conventional technique) Traditionally, potted flowers and pots for raising seedlings have been watered by sprinkling water from the top, but this method requires manpower, and even if watered evenly, the seedlings cannot be grown. The amount of watering varies from pot to pot, resulting in variations in plant growth.For this reason, various methods have been considered to automate and streamline irrigation. Place it on the bottom of potted plants or seedling pots,
This is a method in which the water that has been diffused onto the non-woven fabric is absorbed from the bottom for irrigation.However, in this method, as the plant grows, the roots extending from the water absorption holes in the pot or pot may penetrate into the non-woven fabric. However, in order to remove the roots from the pot, the roots must be cut, which can damage the plant. In order to remove this rmm, a root prevention sheet was laid between the pot or the bottom of the pot and the nonwoven fabric, but this had many disadvantages in terms of workability and handling.

In addition, conventionally, when the non-woven fabric surface is dry, water drains into the bowl or pot when the non-woven fabric surface is well moistened, but when the non-woven fabric surface becomes dry, water is sucked out from the dry pot or pot to the non-woven fabric. There were other problems.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention enables uniform watering, has excellent water retention and water supply properties, and allows the connection between the pot or pot and the grown roots without using a root prevention sheet. To obtain a bottom irrigation material that has good releasability and is free from the risk of sucking out water even when the irrigation material dries.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention mainly consists of synthetic fibers with a density o,
o o s ~ 0.05 r / i water retaining sheet, at least one surface of which is mainly made of synthetic fibers, and has micropores with a substantial penetration area (average area per piece) of 700 to 2000 -. This is the bottom irrigation material to which is pasted.

Here, the synthetic fibers that mainly constitute the water retaining sheet or the microporous sheet include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate,
Examples include polyamide, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Furthermore, these may be subjected to hydrophilic treatment. Further, the higher the content of the synthetic fiber, the more stable the physical and chemical properties become, so it is desirable, and the content is preferably 20 to 100% by weight.

Other fibers other than synthetic fibers include heat input fibers such as cotton,
Any fiber such as recycled fiber such as rayon or semi-synthetic fiber such as acetate may be used.

Moreover, these fibers may be one type, or two or more types of fibers may be mixed.

The fiber thickness of the fibers constituting the water retaining sheet is preferably 1 to 20 deniers. Further, the fiber may be crimped,
It does not have to be crimped. The shape-retaining form of the fibers may be a long fiber nonwoven fabric, a short fiber nonwoven fabric, or a raised fabric with good water retention. In the case of a nonwoven fabric, the fiber shape retention method may be any method such as a needle punch method, a water jet method, or a binder method. The density of the water retaining sheet needs to be o, o s to o, ost/cyd. If the density is less than 0-005 f/cII, it will be too coarse and will cause problems with water retention and water diffusion, and if the density exceeds 0.05 f/cII, if the water retaining sheet dries out, it will cause problems such as pots or pots. This is not good as it will suck out the water from the inside. Density is 0.05-0.0
In the case of 05 f/cd, even if the water sampling sheet dries, the capillary water will not be connected to the pot or the pot, and the water will not be sucked out, and the water retention and dispersion properties of the water in the water retention sheet are excellent. be. The thickness of the water retaining sheet is not particularly limited, but may be appropriately selected from a range of 2 to 200 layers depending on the application.

A microporous sheet is bonded to at least one surface of the water-retaining sheet. The fine pores of the sheet need to have a surface 81 (average area of each pore) of the substantially penetrating portion of 700 to 2000 μ- in consideration of water flow efficiency and root releasability. If the area of the substantial penetration portion exceeds 2000 μ-, it is not good because the roots of the grown plants will pass through the microporous sheet and invade the water retaining sheet. Further, if the area of the actual penetrating portion is less than 700 μm, it is not good because water for water supply cannot pass through. Here, the micropore area is 10crnX
Take a 10 cm sheet sample, take a projected photograph at 200x magnification using a bright field method using an optical microscope, measure the area on the photograph, and take the average value of any point n = 10 as the average area per one real penetration part. . The shape of the micropores may be any shape such as square, round, or polygon.

Further, the number of micropores is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or more, and in this case, the greater the number, the better the water permeation efficiency becomes. In addition, the form of the sheet is
The form does not matter, such as woven or knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, or porous film-like sheets. In the case of am products, the yarn constituting the woven or knitted fabric is mainly formed of the above-mentioned IJli fibers, but in this case, the above-mentioned fibers may be used alone, or composites such as blended or mixed fabrics may be used. It may also be thread. In this case, the weaving structure, density, etc. are appropriately determined so that the area of the substantial penetrating portion is 700 to 2000 .mu.-. The thickness of the microporous sheet is preferably 0.2 to 51 mm, since both the handleability and processability are good.

The microporous sheet is bonded to at least one surface of the water-retaining sheet by any method such as adhesion using resin, explosive bonding using hot melt method, or welgoo method using ultrasonic waves or high frequency waves. However, if the bonded portion covers the entire surface, it will block the micropores of the microporous sheet and impair water permeability, so it is preferable to bond the sheet partially.

(Example) Example 1 75% by weight of hydrophilic polyester short fibers 13 denier 64mm cut, 2% polyester hot melt fiber
After mixing 5% by weight, the card web obtained by passing the card through was laminated and heated at 160°C while being pressed with caterpillars.
Heat-bonded and shape-retained through hot air, thickness 3cm, basis weight 10Q
A nonwoven fabric sheet having a density of 0.03 f/m" and a density of 0.03 f/m was obtained.

On the other hand, Nai p > multifilament yarn 70 denier 17
The filaments are arranged as warp and weft, and the warp density is 1.
A plain woven fabric was obtained by weaving in a plain weave structure with a weft density of 15 yarns/inch and a weft density of 89 yarns/inch. The materials were aligned, subjected to ultrasonic processing using a quilt pattern, and then bonded together to obtain the bottom irrigation material shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, 1 is a plain woven fabric, 2 is a nonwoven fabric, and 3 is an ultrasonic bonded portion. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the obtained bottom irrigation material A was spread on the plane of the horizontal frame 4 which was held horizontally with a vinyl chloride film 5, and one side of the plain fabric was spread on top of it with one side of the plain fabric facing upward. The fastening cubes 6 embedded in the rock wool cubes were arranged, and seedlings were raised while supplying water to the bottom irrigation material. The situation during seedling raising is that a moderate amount of water is supplied to the Rockwool from the bottom watering material, and even if the bottom irrigation material dries out, the capillary water connection with the bottom of the Rockwool may be broken and water may be sucked out from the Rockwool. There wasn't. In addition, as the seedlings grew, the roots extended from the rock wool, but they could not penetrate into the micropores of the surface fabric, and the rock wool that was permanently attached was easily peeled off.

(Effects of the Invention) The bottom irrigation material of the present invention has excellent water retention and water dispersion properties due to the water retention sheet, has appropriate water supply performance due to the microporous sheet, and can be extended from a pot or pot. It is a bottom irrigation material that does not dig into the water retaining sheet and has excellent peelability, and even if the bottom irrigation material dries out, it will cut off water from the hairs and will not suck out water.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a slope view of the bottom irrigation material, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of use. A... Bottom pond water material 1... Plain fabric 2... Non-woven fabric 3... Ultrasonic adhesive portion 4... Horizontal frame 5... Vinyl chloride film 6... Fastening cube Patent applicant Toyo Spinning Co., Ltd. Figure 11

Claims (1)

[Claims] Density 0.005 to 0, mainly made of synthetic fibers with shape retention
．． On at least one side of the water retention sheet of 05g/cm^3,
A bottom irrigation material comprising a microporous sheet mainly made of synthetic fibers and having micropores with a substantially penetrating area (average area per piece) of 700 to 2000 μm^2.