JPS6223296B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high-speed electromagnetic shutter using a two-pole rotary solenoid that can be reversed forward or backward by switching the polarity of the power supply.
This eliminates the bounce associated with opening and closing operations.

Conventionally, this type of electromagnetic shutter uses a single-pole rotary solenoid that can control energization in only one direction, and when energized, it operates against the return spring, which lengthens the time it takes to start operation and prevents the return spring from returning. Since the movement is performed by a spring, the return time is affected by the spring, resulting in a long operation time. Therefore, in order to speed up the operation time, it was necessary not only to reduce the load torque and inertia, but also to apply a large current to the solenoid coil and strengthen the return spring. Since there is a limit to the amount of power that can be increased, it has not been possible to expect much faster operation time.

Furthermore, since each opening/closing position is determined by each stopper, it generates a lot of noise and also has the disadvantage that the shutter blades bounce due to collision with the stopper. As the bounce becomes intense and the shutter function is impaired, there are many factors that reduce the operating speed, such as the need for a complicated shock absorber mechanism on the outside, which not only increases costs but also shortens the lifespan. There were flaws.

Therefore, the present invention applies a reverse voltage a certain distance before the open position and the closed position to provide an electromagnetic braking effect, and also applies a positive voltage again near the open position and the closed position to apply a reverse voltage to the open position and the closed position. This device is designed to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks by allowing stable seating, and will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 1 shows an explanatory diagram of a two-pole rotary solenoid, Fig. 2 shows an electromagnetic shutter mechanism using this rotary solenoid, Fig. 3 shows a drive circuit for driving an excitation coil, and A waveform diagram is shown in the figure.

First, in FIG. 1, a two-pole rotary solenoid 1 has a rotor 1a made of a permanent magnet, excitation coils 1b and 1c arranged around it, and a core 1.
d, and the excitation coils 1b,
1c is energized, and if the excitation coil 1b is excited to the N pole and the excitation coil 1c is excited to the S pole, then the rotor 1a
rotates counterclockwise due to magnetic force and stops on line 2-2, but if an external stopper is installed on the front side of line 2-2, the rotation angle position determined by that stopper will be used. It will stop. In addition, by switching the polarity of the power supply, the excitation coil 1
When power is applied to b and 1c, the rotor 1a rotates clockwise, performing the opposite operation to the above, and when not energized, it has a weak holding torque due to the excitation interaction between the core 1d and the rotor 1a, It is stopped at the position determined by the stopper.

In FIG. 2, 3 is a shutter blade attached to the shaft 1aa of the rotor 1a, 3a is a bent piece and is a detected part that passes through the gap between sensors 7 to 9, which will be described later, 4 is an opening, and 5, 6 is a stopper, and 7 to 9 are sensors that output a signal upon detection of the detected portion 3a. In particular, 7 is a closed detection sensor, 8 is a center detection sensor, and 9 is an open detection sensor, which is used to detect the shutter. The moving positions of the blades 3 are indicated by numerals 10 to 12 along with two-dot chain lines.

When the shutter blade 3 is at position 10, when the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are energized to operate counterclockwise, the shutter blade 3 rotates to the left, and at position 11, the central detection sensor 8 detects that the shutter blade is centered. The position is detected, and when it rotates further and reaches position 12, it comes into contact with the stopper 6,
At the same time, the open position is detected by the open detection sensor 9 by the detected portion 3a.

Next, when the polarity of the excitation coils 1b and 1c is switched, the shutter blade 3 rotates in the right direction.
The center position on the way is detected by the center detection sensor 8, and when it rotates further, it comes into contact with the stopper 5,
At the same time, the closed position of the shutter blade 3 is detected by the closing detection sensor 7, and the opening/closing operation of the shutter blade 3 is performed.

However, if the voltage supplied to the excitation coils 1b, 1c is constant, the shutter blade 3 will collide with the stoppers 5, 6, and the energy of the collision will cause it to bounce several times. Since accurate shutter opening/closing control cannot be performed, in the present invention, the rotary solenoid 1
It controls the energization of the excitation coils 1b and 1c, and applies a reverse voltage to reduce the speed of the shutter blades a certain distance before the open and closed positions, and applies a positive voltage again near the stopper at the open and closed positions. This ensures the suction seating on the stopper.

In FIG. 3, 13 is an input terminal for the operation signal (“0”, “1”) that determines the opening and closing of the shutter blade 3. For convenience, the operation signal “0” is used as the open signal, and the operation signal “1” is used as the close signal. 14 is an input terminal that receives the signal ("0", "1") from the center detection sensor 8, and it is "1" when the center position is detected. 15 and 16 are open detection sensors, respectively. 9. An input terminal that receives a signal (“0”, “1”) from the closed detection sensor 7, which is “1” when the open position and closed position are detected, respectively, and serves as a reset input terminal for the flip-flop circuit 20, which will be described later. 17
is a switching circuit that switches and connects the signal from the input terminal 14 to the timer circuit 18 or the close timer circuit 19 depending on the operating signal; when the operating signal is "0", the signal from the central detection sensor 8 is connected. The same logical value as is output to the open timer circuit 18, and when the operation signal is "1", it is output to the close timer circuit 19, and both timer circuits 18 and 19 perform timer delay operation when "1" is input. Start. Reference numeral 20 denotes a flip-flop circuit which uses input signals from the open and close timer circuits 18 and 19 as set signals and uses signals from the open and closed detection sensors 9 and 7 as reset signals. 21 is a conversion circuit that converts the operation signal (“0”, “1”) from the input terminal 13 according to the output signal (“0”, “1”) of the flip-flop circuit 20; is “0”
When , the same logical value as the operating signal is output, and when the output of the flip-flop circuit 20 is "1", a logical value that is the negation of the operating signal is output. 2
2 is an input signal (“0”,
When the input signal is "0", switch _{SW1 is} opened and switch _SW2 is closed, and _the input signal is "1". ”, close switch SW ₁ , open switch SW ₂ , and turn off the power (+V, -V).
The direction of energization to the rotary solenoid 1 is determined from . 23 is an overdrive circuit including a capacitor 23a and a resistor 23b. During a transient period, a large current flows through the capacitor 23a, but during steady state, a steady current flows through the resistor 23b, and when the polarity is suddenly switched, , a large current flows due to the accumulated charge (or voltage) in the capacitor 23a.

Now, the case where the operation signal "0" is input and the shutter blade 3 is rotated from the closed state to the open state will be described below. First (see FIG. 4), when the operating signal "0" is introduced from the input terminal 13 to the conversion circuit 21, the output of the flip-flop circuit 20 becomes "0" (in the initial state and in the initial state after the opening/closing cycle has been completed). Therefore, the output of the conversion circuit 21 is also "0", and when this "0" is input to the switch drive circuit 22, the switch _{SW1 remains open, but the switch SW1} remains open. Since SW ₂ is closed, the rotary solenoid 1 is energized from the ground side through the overdrive circuit 23 toward the power supply -V in the opening direction as shown by the arrow ○A, and at a large initial value [Fig. 4] H] is performed, and the shutter blade 3 begins to rotate rapidly.

When the shutter blade 3 reaches the center position 11 due to this rotation, the center detection sensor 8 generates a center position detection signal "1" and is guided to the switching circuit 17, but at this time the operation signal is "0". Therefore, the output of the switching circuit 17 is connected to the open timer circuit 18, and the open timer circuit 18 starts operating and produces an output "1", and after a predetermined timer period has elapsed, the output becomes "0". [Figure 4C]. The flip-flop circuit 20 is set at this output "0", that is, the falling edge of the waveform (FIG. 4D), and the output becomes "1", so the output of the conversion circuit 21 also changes to "1", and the switch drive circuit 22 As a result, switch SW ₂ is opened and switch SW ₁ is closed.
For this reason, the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are reversely energized in the closing direction (arrow ○) from the power supply +V through the overdrive circuit 23 toward the ground side, but this reverse energization occurs in the capacitor 23a. Since the accumulated voltage is also applied, the current is turned on with a large initial value, and an electromagnetic braking action is suddenly applied to the rotor 1a, causing rapid deceleration.
Figure 1].

When it reaches the open position in this deceleration state, the open detection sensor 9 generates an open signal "1", so the flip-flop circuit 20 is reset and outputs "0", and the conversion circuit 21 again outputs the same logic value as the operating signal. “0” is output, and the switch drive circuit 22
Switch SW ₁ is opened and switch SW ₂ is closed via . Therefore, the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are again energized strongly in the opening direction [Fig. 4H], and a force in the opening direction is applied to the shutter blade 3. Seating with the stopper 6 is ensured, and there is no possibility of flipping and bouncing.

Next, in order to perform the operation from the open position to the closed position, a closing signal, that is, an operation signal "1" may be applied. When this operation signal "1" is input, since the output of the flip-flop circuit 20 is "0", the output of the conversion circuit 21 also becomes "1", and the switch is activated via the switch drive circuit 22.
Since SW ₂ is opened and switch SW ₁ is closed, the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are energized in the closing direction via the overdrive circuit 23, and the shutter blade 3 begins to close.

When the center position detection signal "1" is output from the center detection sensor 8 during this closing operation, the close timer circuit 19 starts operating via the switching circuit 17 and an output "1" is generated. After the set timer time elapses, the output of the closed timer circuit 19 becomes "0", so the flip-flop circuit 20 is set, and the output of the flip-flop circuit 20 becomes "1", so the output of the conversion path 21 becomes the operating signal. The value changes from “1” to “0”, and the switch drive circuit 22 opens the switch _SW1 .
SW ₂ closes, the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are energized in the opening direction via the overdrive circuit 23, and an electromagnetic brake action is applied to the closing operation, causing the rotary solenoid 1 to move to the closing position while being decelerated. and approaches.

When the closed position is reached, the closed position detection signal "1" is output from the closed detection sensor 7, and the flip-flop 20 is set and the output becomes "0", so the output of the conversion circuit 21 becomes "1" again. The switch SW ₂ is opened and the switch SW ₁ is closed by the switch drive circuit 22, and the excitation coils 1b and 1c of the rotary solenoid 1 are energized in the closing direction via the overdrive circuit 23.
The shutter blade 3 and the stopper 5 are securely seated.

Next, another embodiment according to the present invention in which a part of the block configuration shown in FIG. 3 is changed will be explained with reference to FIG. ing.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, only the central detection sensor 8 is used here for position detection, and the flip-flop circuit 20 is replaced by the main timer circuit 24. That is, (see FIG. 3 first), it is set by the set signal from the open timer circuit 18 or the close timer circuit 19 to produce an output "1", and the open signal from the open detection sensor 9 or the close detection sensor 7 or The flip-flop circuit 20, which is reset by the close signal and outputs "0" (see FIG. 6 next),
It is replaced by a main timer circuit 24 that starts operating with a signal from the open timer circuit 18 or the close timer circuit 19 and produces an output "1", and outputs "0" after a predetermined timer time elapses, As can be seen from the waveform diagram in FIG. 7, the operating format is the same.

Therefore, a detailed explanation of the operation will be omitted, but
In this case, the timer time of the main timer circuit 24 can be the same as when using the flip-flop circuit 20 described above, so it can be determined by assuming the arrival time to the open position and the closed position.
Without using the open and close detection sensors 9 and 7,
This is advantageous in that only the central detection sensor 8 is sufficient.

In the above description, the open timer circuit 18 and the close timer circuit 19 are used because it is convenient to adjust the time separately for opening and closing the shutter blade 3, respectively.

Moreover, if the position of the central detection sensor 8 is set in advance at an appropriate position by taking into account the rotational characteristics of the rotary solenoid 1 and the inertia of the shutter blade 3, etc., the switching circuit shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 can be used. 17
It is also possible to eliminate the open/close timer circuits 18 and 19. In this case, the signal from the central detection sensor 8 may be input directly to the flip-flop circuit 20 or the main timer circuit 24. Furthermore, it is also possible to use two central detection sensors, one for opening and one for closing.

In the above, we have explained the case where the shutter blade changes from the closed state to the open state and then closes again, and has been explained using the same idea as the shutter of a camera, but in the exposure control of photographic film negatives, Filters are often used to pass or absorb light, and in this case, for example, an ND filter or the like may be inserted once into the optical path and then removed after a certain period of time.

The high-speed electromagnetic shutter of the present invention relates to the high-speed movement of shutter blades (including translucent ones such as filters), including the above-mentioned cases, and extends to the control of high-speed moving objects in a broad sense. .

As described above, in the present invention, an object moving at high speed is electromagnetically controlled toward a destination, and is decelerated by electromagnetic braking along the way, and then driven in the forward direction again near the destination. It is designed to arrive at the destination without bouncing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a two-pole rotary solenoid used in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an electromagnetic shutter mechanism showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram for driving the electromagnetic shutter mechanism, FIGS. 4 and 5 are waveform diagrams, FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram. 1... Rotary solenoid, 1a... Rotor, 1aa... Shaft, 1b, 1c... Excitation coil, 3
...Shutter blade, 3a...Detected part, 4...
Opening, 5, 6...stopper, 7...close detection sensor, 8...center detection sensor, 9...open detection sensor, 13-16...input terminal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A shutter blade 3 that opens and closes between an open position and a closed position regulated by stoppers 5 and 6 using a two-pole rotary solenoid 1 that can be forward and reverse by switching the polarity of the excitation coils 1b and 1c.
In an electromagnetic shutter equipped with a shutter blade (including translucent blades such as a filter), a central detection sensor 8 is provided to confirm the central operating position of the shutter blade 3 during the opening/closing stroke, and a timer circuit 18 is activated by the detection signal of the central detection sensor 8. , work 19,
After the time determined by the timer circuits 18 and 19, the polarity of the excitation coils 1b and 1c is switched and the electromagnetic brake is applied to decelerate the stoppers 5 and 6.
A high-speed electromagnetic shutter characterized in that the conductive polarity is returned to the original state in the vicinity of , and the shutter blade 3 is forcibly brought into pressure contact with the stoppers 5 and 6.